CN112991706B - Centralized control type intelligent prepayment system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Centralized control type intelligent prepayment system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112991706B CN112991706B CN201911272392.6A CN201911272392A CN112991706B CN 112991706 B CN112991706 B CN 112991706B CN 201911272392 A CN201911272392 A CN 201911272392A CN 112991706 B CN112991706 B CN 112991706B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F15/00—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity
- G07F15/003—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity for electricity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F15/00—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity
- G07F15/06—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity with means for prepaying basic charges, e.g. rent for meters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C25/00—Arrangements for preventing or correcting errors; Monitoring arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
- H04W12/04—Key management, e.g. using generic bootstrapping architecture [GBA]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The application provides a centralized control type intelligent prepayment system, which comprises at least two branch switches (1), an intelligent monitoring unit (2) and an electric energy meter (3), wherein the branch switches (1) have an electric quantity measuring/metering function, and the measuring/metering result is transmitted to the intelligent monitoring unit (2); the electric energy meter (3) is a single-family electric energy meter with the same number as the branch switches (1) or at least one multi-family electric energy meter which can be arranged independently or simultaneously with the single-family electric energy meter, and the intelligent monitoring unit (2) further comprises a first communication unit (21) and a first analysis processing unit (22); the first analysis processing unit (22) includes a nonvolatile storage area (22 a); the monitoring system also comprises a TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) (5) and/or a concentrator (6).
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of electric power information monitoring, in particular to a centralized control type intelligent prepayment system.
Background
With the continuous development of the ubiquitous power internet of things, the electric energy meter payment system with the remote meter reading and fee control functions gradually enters the lives of people. The system comprises structures such as an electric energy meter, a meter rear switch, a distribution transformer monitoring terminal and a concentrator, wherein the Bluetooth of the electric energy meter and the meter rear switch can be manually connected one to realize the Bluetooth fee control function. In the existing equipment, mismatching caused by configuration errors of the electric energy meter and the branch switch is easily caused. When the electric energy meter and the branch switch are not matched, the situations of power failure by mistake of a user, inaccurate electricity charge metering and the like can occur.
In the existing intelligent prepayment system, control and feedback signals, wireless communication and broadband carrier (HPLC) communication are adopted between the electric energy meter and the equipment. Because the existing standards are not uniform, products produced by various manufacturers are different. Different products adopt different communication connection modes, and the communication connection between the modules is complicated.
Electric energy meters, meter rear switches, TTUs (distribution transformer monitoring terminals) and concentrators in the intelligent prepayment system are mostly produced by different manufacturers. The field installation of the device is very complicated and takes a lot of time and energy of engineers. Because the whole system is not unified, when the electric equipment is more, the connection between the equipment is complicated and disordered, and great difficulty is caused to acceptance and maintenance of products.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve at least one of the above problems, the present invention proposes a centralized intelligent prepaid system, comprising:
at least two branch switches, an intelligent monitoring unit and an electric energy meter,
the branch switch can measure/meter the electrical quantity and transmit the measurement/measurement result to the intelligent monitoring unit;
the intelligent monitoring unit comprises an intelligent monitoring unit and an intelligent monitoring unit, wherein the intelligent monitoring unit comprises an intelligent monitoring unit and a control unit, the intelligent monitoring unit comprises a branch switch, the intelligent monitoring unit comprises a first communication unit and a second communication unit, the intelligent monitoring unit comprises a first communication unit and a second analysis processing unit, the first communication unit is used for communicating with the intelligent monitoring unit, the second analysis processing unit comprises a nonvolatile storage area, and the first communication unit is used for communicating with the intelligent monitoring unit;
the system further comprises a TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) and/or a concentrator, wherein the TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) and/or the concentrator are in communication connection with the electric energy meter and the first communication unit respectively, can read the electric quantity information of the branch switches and the electric quantity information of the electric energy meter and then perform consistency comparison analysis, obtain the address corresponding relation between each electric energy meter and each branch switch and/or the address corresponding relation between each user address in the multi-user electric energy meter and each branch switch, and issue and store the addresses in the nonvolatile storage area.
Preferably, the single-family electric energy meter and the branch switches corresponding to the single-family electric energy meter are mounted on the same conductive branch line, the lower end of the multi-family electric energy meter can be connected with a plurality of branch switches, and user addresses corresponding to the connected branch switches are arranged in the multi-family electric energy meter.
Preferably, the system further comprises a master station, and the TTU and/or the concentrator establish remote communication connection with the master station through wireless communication modes such as GPRS/CDMA.
Preferably, the first communication unit and the electric energy meter can be in wireless communication connection.
Preferably, the first communication unit may receive a cost control instruction from the electric energy meter, and transmit the cost control instruction to the first analysis processing unit, and the first analysis processing unit controls the corresponding branch switch to execute the corresponding cost control action.
Preferably, the first analysis processing unit receives an execution feedback signal of the branch switch, and transmits the execution feedback signal to the first communication unit, and the first communication unit transmits the execution feedback signal to the electric energy meter.
Preferably, the first communication unit is further provided with an encryption chip.
Preferably, the electric energy meter and the first communication unit are in communication connection through a broadband carrier (HPLC).
Preferably, the system further comprises a platform broadband carrier (HPLC) communication host, and the communication host reads the fee control instruction of the electric energy meter and transmits the fee control instruction to the first communication unit, and further transmits the fee control instruction to the first analysis processing unit and controls the corresponding branch switch to execute the corresponding fee control action.
Preferably, the electric energy meter further comprises a collector and a conversion module, and signals input by the collector are transmitted to the first analysis processing unit through the conversion module in a bus manner.
Preferably, the TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) and/or the concentrator and/or the master station may perform consistency comparison analysis again after the electric energy meter is replaced, update the address correspondence, and then issue an update to be stored in the nonvolatile storage area.
Preferably, the branch analysis processing module in the branch switch can read and update the corresponding address set in the intelligent monitoring unit again after the branch switch is replaced.
The utility model also discloses a method for applying the system, which comprises the following steps:
the branch switch measures/meters the electric quantity, and the electric energy meter measures the electric quantity;
reading the electrical quantity information, performing consistency comparison analysis, and storing the corresponding relation of the analysis result in a nonvolatile storage area;
and the intelligent monitoring unit receives the charge control instruction of the electric energy meter and controls the corresponding branch switch to execute corresponding operation according to the corresponding relation.
The utility model has the following beneficial effects:
the utility model provides a centralized control type intelligent prepayment system. The system can accurately realize the matching problem of each electric energy meter or a plurality of electric energy meters and the branch switch. The TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) or the concentrator in the system is in communication connection with the electric energy meter and the first communication unit, and the TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) or the concentrator can read the electric quantity information of the electric energy meter and the branch switch and conduct consistency matching. And obtaining the address corresponding relation of each electric energy meter and each branch switch or the address corresponding relation of the multi-family electric energy meters and each branch switch according to the matching result, and storing the information in a nonvolatile storage area. The method can accurately match the electric energy meter and the branch switch, and avoids the situations of switching on and off errors, electric charge collection errors and the like when the matching is wrong. The matching and updating of the electric energy meter and the branch switch can be automatically carried out without manual operation, thereby avoiding human errors and reducing the workload. For example, when the electric energy meter is updated, the TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) or the concentrator reads the electric quantity information of the electric energy meter and the branch switches again and performs consistency matching, so as to obtain the address corresponding relationship between each electric energy meter and each branch switch, and store the updated result in the nonvolatile storage area. Similarly, when the branch switch is replaced, the branch analysis processing module in the branch switch can read and update the address set in the intelligent monitoring unit again.
The system adopts a centralized control type distribution mode, and all modules including the electric energy meters, the multi-family electric energy meters, the branch switches, the intelligent monitoring units and the like are all placed in an electric meter box. Compared with the prior equipment, the centralized control type intelligent prepayment system is simple to install, convenient to maintain and flexible to operate. Most of the prior prepayment systems have low integration level, and many systems are obtained by modifying and upgrading the original circuit breakers and electric energy meters. Because different equipment modules are continuously connected, the actual field wiring is complicated and disordered, and the communication among different modules is unclear. When the equipment has a problem, the maintenance personnel cannot accurately judge the fault point of the whole system in time. The system integrates different modules of intelligent prepayment, a user purchases a whole electric meter cabinet when purchasing products, most of modules in the electric meter cabinet can be used in a plug-and-play mode, and replacement and maintenance are very easy.
The centralized control type intelligent prepayment system adopts a wireless communication mode to connect the electric energy meter with each part in the system. In addition, the system adopts a special communication connection mode, namely, the electric energy meter is connected with a first communication unit in the intelligent monitoring unit, and the first communication unit is in communication connection with all switches, TTUs (distribution transformer monitoring terminals), the concentrator and other modules in the intelligent monitoring unit. The communication connection mode takes the first communication unit as a bridge, and establishes communication connection between the electric energy meter and other modules. Because the communication connection mode mainly depends on the first communication module for communication, the communication connection between the electric energy meter and different modules is avoided, and signals among the modules in the system are more stable.
The centralized control type intelligent prepayment system can realize the charge control function. The electric energy meter is internally provided with a current sensor, a voltage sensor and a conversion module, wherein the current sensor and the voltage sensor can acquire information such as current, voltage and the like, and the information is converted into electric quantity through the conversion module. The communication module in the electric energy meter can transmit the internal information to other parts of the system. The electric energy meter comprises an electric energy meter body, a branch switch, a first communication module, a first analysis processing unit and a second analysis processing unit, wherein the electric energy meter body is connected with the branch switch body through a wireless communication mode, the first communication module is connected with the first analysis processing unit through a wireless communication mode, and the first analysis processing unit is connected with the branch switch body through a wireless communication mode. In the second transmission mode, the electric energy meter is communicated with the broadband carrier host of the distribution room in a broadband carrier (HPLC) mode, the broadband carrier host sends the fee control instruction to the first communication unit, the fee control instruction is further sent to the first analysis processing unit, and the first analysis processing unit controls the corresponding branch switch to execute the fee control action. For example, when a user owes the fee, the electric quantity prestored in the electric energy meter becomes zero, the electric energy meter transmits the owing fee information to the first communication unit and then transmits the owing fee information to the first analysis and processing unit, and the first analysis and processing unit controls the branch switch to perform the switching-off operation. Correspondingly, if the system of the user adopts electric energy meter broadband carrier (HPLC) communication, the arrearage instruction is sent to the platform area broadband carrier host, the broadband carrier host sends information to the first communication unit, and then the first analysis processing unit controls the branch switch to perform switching-off operation. Meanwhile, the arrearage information is also sent to a TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) or a concentrator through the first communication unit, and the TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) or the concentrator remotely sends the information to a main station of an electric power company. Or the arrearage information is sent to the platform area broadband carrier host through a broadband carrier (HPLC) communication mode, and the platform area broadband carrier host sends the information to the main station of the power company remotely. All information can be accessed to the information network system of the power company, and related personnel of the power company can remotely operate the system.
The wireless communication connection between the first communication unit and the electric energy meter is provided with the encryption chip, so that the wireless communication between the electric energy meter and the first communication unit can be prevented from being cracked by others. In the traditional chip wireless communication, the wireless network can be cracked by acquiring data such as wireless transmission data, MAC addresses, channels, chip types and the like. After the communication between the first communication unit and the electric energy meter is cracked, other people can modify the data uploaded by the electric energy meter, for example, the electricity consumption of the user is artificially reduced. The encryption chip embeds a key inside the chip, and the key can encrypt data to be transmitted by using an encryption algorithm such as MD5, SHA1 and the like. Even if other people intercept the transmitted data packet, the data packet cannot be decrypted without the corresponding secret key. In addition, the power company can remotely update the key of the user terminal system through the master station, and field maintenance personnel can also change the key periodically by using the palm computer. In order to ensure the absolute safety of wireless communication and data transmission, the centralized control intelligent prepayment system can also adopt a multiple encryption technology.
The centralized control type intelligent prepayment system can realize non-invasive load identification. The system can acquire information such as voltage, current, active power and reactive power, the control module extracts event characteristics from the acquired information, and the load types are judged by comparing the event characteristics with a database stored in the control module. If the event characteristics do not exist in the database, the event characteristics are transmitted to maintenance personnel through the communication module. And the maintenance personnel judges and processes the event and updates the database in the control module. In addition, the system can realize the contents of fault arc detection, electric power fire alarm, electricity larceny prevention protection, line loss analysis support, fault quick positioning, combustible gas detection, smoke alarm and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the centralized intelligent prepayment system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of the centralized intelligent prepaid system of the present invention (without the TTU).
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the intelligent monitoring unit and the branch switch of the first embodiment of the centralized intelligent prepaid system.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an internal signal interface and an installation interface of a tapping module in a first embodiment of the centralized intelligent prepaid system according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the splicing structure of the back box module in the first embodiment of the centralized intelligent prepaid system of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an internal signal interface of a branch switch in the first embodiment of the centralized intelligent prepaid system.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing element of the first embodiment of the centralized intelligent prepaid system according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of bluetooth transmission of fee control signals of an electric energy meter according to the first embodiment of the centralized intelligent prepaid system.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the centralized intelligent prepayment system of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the centralized intelligent prepayment system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the present invention. The present invention is in no way limited to any specific configuration and algorithm set forth below, but rather covers any modifications, substitutions and alterations of the elements, components and algorithms without departing from the spirit of the utility model.
First embodiment
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment discloses a centralized control type intelligent prepayment system, where the prepayment system includes at least two branch switches 1, an intelligent monitoring unit 2, electric energy meters 3 in an equal number to the branch switches 1, a TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) 5, and a concentrator 6, the branch switches 1 and the electric energy meters 3 are electrically connected through power lines, and the electric energy meters 3, the TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) 5, the concentrator 6, and the intelligent monitoring unit 2 transmit signals in a wireless manner. The system can realize functions of remote prepayment, fee control switching on and off, line loss analysis, electricity stealing protection and the like.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the branch switch 1 is disposed at a wire outlet end of the electric energy meter 3 and electrically connected to the electric energy meter 3, a branch analysis processing module 11 and a branch communication module are disposed in the branch switch 1, and the branch processing module 11 is configured to receive information of the branch communication module and perform switching on and off according to corresponding information. The branch communication module is used for communicating with the intelligent monitoring unit 2, acquiring switching-on and switching-off information and sending the state of the branch switch 1 to the intelligent monitoring unit 2. The bottom of the branch switch 1 is provided with an interface 12 connected with the bottom box module 2 a. After the branch switch 1 is replaced, the branch analysis processing module 11 in the branch switch 1 can read and update the corresponding address set in the intelligent monitoring unit 2 again. An electric reclosing mechanism is arranged in the branch switch 1, and the branch switch has a remote control opening and closing function. Specifically, the electric energy meter 3 may send an arrearage signal corresponding to the branch switch 1 to the intelligent monitoring unit 2, the intelligent monitoring unit 2 sends a power-off instruction to the electric operating mechanism corresponding to the branch switch 1 after receiving the arrearage signal, and the electric operating mechanism starts to act to drive the branch switch 1 to open, so as to achieve power-off; similarly, after the user continues to pay the electricity fee, the electric energy meter 3 may send a fee continuation signal corresponding to the branch switch 1 to the intelligent monitoring unit 2, and after receiving the fee continuation signal, the intelligent monitoring unit 2 sends a power transmission instruction to the electric operating mechanism corresponding to the branch switch 1, and the electric operating mechanism starts to operate to drive the branch switch 1 to be switched on, so as to implement power restoration.
The intelligent monitoring unit 2 includes a first communication unit 21 and a first analysis processing unit 22, the first communication unit 21 may establish wired or wireless communication connection with the electric energy meter 3, the first analysis processing unit 22, the branch switch 1, the TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) 5, and the concentrator 6, in this embodiment, the electric energy meter 3 and the first communication unit 21 adopt a wireless communication mode, and the selectable wireless communication mode includes 4G/5G, WIFI, BLE, ZigBee, NB-IoT, LoRa, and the like.
The first communication unit 21 includes an encryption chip 21a, and the wireless communication between the power meter and the first communication unit can be prevented from being broken by others through the encryption chip 21 a. In the traditional chip wireless communication, the wireless network can be cracked by acquiring data such as wireless transmission data, MAC addresses, channels, chip types and the like. After the communication between the first communication unit and the electric energy meter is cracked, other people can modify the data uploaded by the electric energy meter, for example, the electricity consumption of the user is artificially reduced. In this embodiment, the encryption chip 21a embeds a key into the chip, and the key can encrypt data to be transmitted by using an encryption algorithm such as MD5 or SHA 1. Even if other people intercept the transmitted data packet, the data packet cannot be decrypted without the corresponding secret key. In addition, the electric power company can update the key of the user terminal system remotely through the master station 7, and on-site maintenance personnel can also change the key periodically by using a palm machine. In order to ensure the absolute safety of wireless communication and data transmission, the centralized control intelligent prepayment system can also adopt a multiple encryption technology.
The first analysis processing unit 22 includes a transient data buffer/nonvolatile storage area 22a, and the transient data buffer/nonvolatile storage area 22a includes a transient data buffer for storing intermediate calculation data, unimportant data, which is lost when power is off, and a nonvolatile storage area. The nonvolatile data storage area is used for storing important data, such as user payment information, electricity consumption and the like, and sudden power failure data are not lost.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3 to 7, the intelligent monitoring unit 2 includes a bottom box module 2b and a tapping module 2a, the tapping module 2a is located above the bottom box module 2b, the two modules are L-shaped, and a connection interface is provided between the tapping module 2a and the bottom box module 2b for communication. Preferably, the tapping module 2a is located at one side of the bottom case module 2b in a separate unit structure. The first communication unit 21 is disposed in the tapping module 2a, and the first analysis processing unit 22 may be disposed in the tapping module 2a or disposed in the bottom case module 2 b.
The function of the bottom box module 2b is to collect the information collected by the branch switch 1 and provide the information to the tapping module 2a, and the tapping module 2a and the bottom box module 2b can be connected through signals, including but not limited to working power, fee control signals, storage, encryption, upward communication, downward communication, indication and the like. In the present embodiment, the tapping module 2a is located above the bottom case module 2b and connected together to form a detachable fixed connection structure and a wired communication and/or signal connection. The tapping module 2a and the bottom box module 2b are arranged to be a modular plug-in structure, so that the tapping module 2a can be rapidly replaced easily.
The tapping module 2a comprises a tapping module casing 2a1, the tapping module casing 2a1 is a closed shell, and the closed shell is used for better protecting internal components and devices from being affected by moisture, so that the internal components are not interfered by electromagnetic fields and are prevented from being radiated by heat. The tapping module housing 2a1 comprises a tapping module internal signal interface 2a11 and a mounting interface 2a12, and the tapping module internal signal interface 2a11 is connected with a plug-in module interface of the bottom box module 2b, so as to ensure internal communication between the tapping module 2a and the bottom box module 2 b.
The tapping module 2a comprises a power module, a communication module, a control module and a man-machine interaction module. The tapping module 2a is of a plug-in structure, plug and play can be realized, and the installation and maintenance are convenient. The branch switch 1 is positioned above the bottom box module 2b and presents a side-by-side splicing structure.
The power supply module is used for converting externally input three-phase power frequency commercial power into 12V to supply power to the internal circuit; the communication module is communicated with the upper computer in modes of HPLC or Bluetooth and the like, sends information in the monitoring system to the external equipment and receives instructions of the external equipment at the same time. Realizing power line communication or communication of wireless signals and external equipment; the control module is a hardware core of a product, performs load identification calculation, stores a load database, collects switch information behind a table and controls the action of the switch information, and has the functions of realizing the functions of load identification calculation, communication, control and the like. In this embodiment, the electric energy meter 3 may be an electric energy meter with a local bluetooth communication function or a remote fee control electric energy meter, a fee control instruction of the electric energy meter 3 is issued to the communication module through bluetooth, the communication module transmits corresponding information to the control module, and the control module issues an instruction to control the corresponding branch switch 1 to perform a corresponding action.
The man-machine interaction module comprises a button, a display screen, an indicator light and the like, and has the advantages of convenience in information input, timely information checking, higher efficiency, simplicity, convenience and intuition. The man-machine interaction module is convenient for operators to observe and know the circuit operation condition and can carry out corresponding operation.
The bottom box module 2b comprises a first bottom box module 2b1 and a second bottom box module 2b 2. The first bottom case module 2b1 and the second bottom case module 2b2 are spliced left and right, and the bottom case module 2b is located at the lower part of the branch switch 1. The bottom box module 2b is connected with the branch switch 1 through an interface, the bottom box module 2b can receive electric energy information transmitted by the electric energy meter 3, and when a user is not consuming time, the bottom box module 2b can control the branch switch 1 to realize switching-off operation. When the user continues to charge, the bottom box module 2b controls the branch switch 1 to realize the closing operation. The bottom box module 2b and the tapping module 2a are connected through interfaces, and real-time communication can be achieved. The back box module 2b may send information to the tapping module 2 a. The bottom box modules 2b can be spliced and connected, and different numbers of bottom box modules can be spliced according to the number of the branch switches 1 and different performance requirements.
In particular, the first bottom box module 2b1 includes a first bottom box module upper cover 2b11 and a first bottom box module lower cover 2b 12; the first bottom box module upper cover 2b11 comprises a groove 2b111, a connecting hole 2b113 and a boss 2b 114; the first bottom case module lower cover 2b12 includes a groove 2b121, a reinforcement hole 2b122, and a groove 2b 123. The second bottom box module 2b2 includes a second bottom box module upper cover 2b21 and a second bottom box module lower cover 2b22, the second bottom box module 2b2 and the first bottom box module 2b1 include the same features, the difference is that the opening directions of the groove 2b221 of the second bottom box module lower cover 2b22 and the groove 2b121 of the first bottom box module lower cover 2b12 are opposite and mutually clamped, and the contact surface of the groove 2b221 and the first bottom box module upper cover 2b11 is a plane 2b 2211.
The fastening fit of the first bottom case module upper cover 2b11 and the first bottom case module lower cover 2b12 is through the connecting hole 2b113, and the connecting hole 2b113 passes through a rivet or a screw. The groove 2b111 cooperates with a fixing member 2b4, connecting the tapping module 2a and the back box module 2b by means of said fixing member 2b 4; the fixing member 2b4 comprises a boss 31, a boss 32 and a flat surface 33, the boss 32 and the flat surface 33 are matched with the groove 2b111, so that the groove 2b111 limits the freedom degree of the fixing member 2b4 in the x direction and the z direction, and the y direction can move freely. Mounting interface 2a12 is used to secure tap module housing 2a1, mounting interface 2a12 cooperates with boss 31 mounting features of mount 2b4, and mount 2b4 can limit the xyz three directional degrees of freedom of tap module 2a and branch switch 1.
The boss 2b114 is used for limiting the Z-direction displacement of the second bottom case module 2b2 after splicing and limiting the Z-direction displacement of the plane 2b 2211. The groove 2b121 and the groove 2b221 are connected in a snap-fit manner, so that the first bottom case module 2b1 and the second bottom case module 2b2 cannot be separated in the x direction and the y direction after being spliced.
The reinforcing holes 2b122 are hollow and cooperate with the connector 2b3 to eliminate y-direction displacement of the bottom box module 2b, which cooperation makes the first bottom box module 2b1 aligned with the second bottom box module 2b 2. The first bottom box module 11a and the second bottom box module 11b are both provided with reinforcing holes 2b122 for the penetration of the connecting piece 2b3, and the connecting piece 2b3 is L-shaped. The connecting piece 2b3 is arranged to consider the dislocation caused by the assembly gap after the splicing of the first bottom box modules 11a and the second bottom box modules 11b, the connecting piece 2b3 has certain rigidity and is used for stringing the first bottom box modules 11a and the second bottom box modules 11b, the L-shaped short side end of the connecting piece 5 is rotatably placed in the groove 2b123, and the reinforcing hole 2b122 and the connecting piece 2b3 are matched to ensure that the tapping modules 2a are fixedly connected and the influence of dislocation can be eliminated, so that the regularity of the inner cavity of the bottom box module 2b and the use reliability of components in the cavity are ensured.
In this embodiment, the electric energy meter 3 is only in communication connection with the first communication unit 21, the first communication unit 21 is in wired or wireless communication connection with the first analysis processing unit 22, the branch switch 1, the TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) 5, and the concentrator 6, and the TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) 5 or the concentrator 6 is in remote communication connection with the master station 7 through GPRS/CDMA. The first communication unit 21 is used as a bridge for communication between the electric energy meter 3 and other modules, logic is simple and easy to realize, and the problems that in an existing intelligent prepayment system, part of equipment is transformed and upgraded for many times, the electric energy meter is directly in communication connection with the branch switch and the first analysis processing unit, communication connection is complex and disordered, and maintenance is difficult are effectively solved.
The electric energy meter 3 with branch switch 1 links to each other, and can with the first communication unit 21 of intelligent monitoring unit 2 carries out wireless communication, be equipped with conversion module 33 and wireless communication module in the electric energy meter 3, the collector 31 can gather current information and voltage information in the circuit, and signals such as the voltage, electric current that gather convert corresponding electric parameter into through conversion module 33, transmit information for first communication unit 21 through the wireless communication module in the electric energy meter 3. The collector 31 includes, but is not limited to, a current sensor, a current transformer, a zero sequence current transformer, a manganin sampling resistor, a voltage sensor, a shunt, a frequency collector, an inductance collector, etc.
The electric energy meter 3 can be a single-household electric energy meter with a Bluetooth communication function locally, one single-household electric energy meter is only connected to one household, and electric energy information of the household is displayed; in another embodiment, the electric energy meter 3 may also be a multi-household electric energy meter, and the multi-household electric energy meter can access a plurality of households and display electric energy information of the plurality of households.
This embodiment still includes TTU (distribution transformer monitor terminal) 5 or concentrator 6, TTU (distribution transformer monitor terminal) 5 can detect the power line information to regularly record data such as distribution equipment's voltage, electric current, active power, reactive power, power factor, grid frequency, have the real-time supervision function, also can communicate with main website 7 simultaneously. The TTU5 is wirelessly connected to the first communication unit 21, and can communicate with the first communication unit 21 in a wireless manner. Further, the TTU5 is further provided with RS485 and RS232 interfaces, which can be wired as appropriate.
Further, the present embodiment further includes a concentrator 6, and the concentrator 6 is wirelessly connected with the first communication unit 21 and the electric energy meter 3. The concentrator 6 mainly functions to reduce communication lines and solve the problem that the communication lines are complex when terminals are dense. Meanwhile, the concentrator 6 can smooth the data flow input by each path of terminal, and when the concentrator runs in an overload state, the data can be cached and queued. The concentrator 6 and the TTU5 may be separately or simultaneously disposed, and when the concentrator 6 and the TTU5 are separately disposed, they may be selected according to the needs of the user, for example, when the user needs to collect the useful electricity information, the TTU5 is adopted; when the demand is focused on reducing the communication links, a concentrator 6 is employed.
The TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) 5 or the concentrator 6 is in communication connection with the electric energy meter 3 and the first communication unit 21, and can read the electric quantity information of the electric energy meter 3 and the branch switch 1 and perform consistency comparison. The address correspondence between each electric energy meter 3 and each branch switch 1 is obtained from the comparison result, and the information is stored in the nonvolatile storage area 22a in the first analysis processing unit 22. The method can realize the accurate matching of the electric energy meter 3 and the branch switch 1, solves the problem of unstable distribution of the existing electric energy meter and the branch switch, and avoids the problems of wrong payment and power failure of users. The centralized control type intelligent prepayment system can also realize the automatic updating of the address matching of the electric energy meter and the branch switch. When the electric energy meter 3 is replaced, the TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) 5 or the concentrator 6 performs consistency comparison analysis again, updates the address correspondence, and issues an update to be stored in the nonvolatile storage area 22 a. When the branch switch 1 is replaced, the branch analysis processing module in the branch switch 1 will read and update the corresponding address set in the intelligent monitoring unit 2 again.
The centralized control type intelligent prepayment system of the embodiment further comprises a master station 7, the TTU5 and/or the concentrator 6 are respectively in remote communication connection with the master station 7 through GPRS/CDMA, the master station 7 is used for receiving information of the TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) 5 or the concentrator 6, importing the information into a power information data system of a power company, and simultaneously issuing the information of the power company to the TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) 5 or the concentrator 6. The GPRS/CDMA between the main station 7 and the TTU 5/concentrator 6 can realize remote communication, and the wire (optical fiber) communication can also be adopted between the main station 7 and the TTU 5/concentrator 6.
In this embodiment, at least two branches consisting of the electric energy meter 3 and the branch switch 1 are included. The number of branches can be adjusted according to the number of the accessed users, and only corresponding branch switches 1 and bottom box modules 2b need to be added. The branch switch 1 and the bottom box module 2b are both of a splicing structure, the modules are very simple to access, and plug and play can be realized. A branch switch 1, an intelligent monitoring unit 2 and an electric energy meter 3 in the centralized control type intelligent prepayment system are integrally placed in an electric meter box, so that the modularization and integration of the system are realized. The user directly purchases whole ammeter case when purchasing the product, and the wiring is complicated when having avoided purchasing single module, and the chaotic scheduling problem is connected in the communication. Corresponding manufacturers can uniformly allocate all the modules and formulate corresponding specifications, so that the standardization of products is improved. Each module in the intelligent prepayment system is integrated, so that the maintainability of the product can be improved, the product maintenance cost is greatly reduced, and the work difficulty of maintenance personnel is reduced. Maintenance personnel only need to master the performance and maintenance of the product, and specific line wiring and communication connection of each maintenance site do not need to be identified.
As shown in fig. 2, the diagram of the centralized intelligent prepaid system structure (without the TTU 5). The figure shows a specific structure of a centralized control type intelligent prepayment system, wherein 1 is a branch switch, 2 is an intelligent monitoring unit, 3 is an electric energy meter, 2a is a tapping module, and 2b is a bottom box module. A first communication unit 21 is located in the tapping module 2a and a first analysis processing unit 22 is located in the bottom box module 2 b. All modules including a branch switch 1, an electric energy meter 3, a tapping module 2a and a bottom box module 2b are arranged in an electric meter box shell. The branch switch 1 and the electric energy meter 3 form more than one branch, and can be freely adjusted according to the number of users.
In this embodiment, the centralized control type intelligent prepayment system can realize the functions of electricity charge prestoring, remote switching on and off, arrearage power failure and the like. The following detailed description is provided for the implementation of the cost control function:
the electric energy meter 3 finds that the pre-stored electric quantity of the user is insufficient by continuously detecting the voltage and the current in the line, and the wireless communication module in the electric energy meter 3 sends the information of the insufficient electric quantity to the first communication unit 21. The first communication unit 21 sends the information to the first analysis processing unit 22, and the first analysis processing unit 22 controls the branch switch 1 to perform the opening operation. Meanwhile, the first communication unit 21 transmits the user data to the TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) 5 or the concentrator 6, and the TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) 5 or the concentrator 6 remotely transmits the data to the master station 7 through GPRS/CDMA. Thus, the power company can obtain the power consumption data of the user and update the data in the power information management system. When the user pays, the user can pay online through an intelligent terminal such as a power company website or a mobile phone APP, and can also pay online in person from the power company. Finally, the payment information of the user is updated in the power information management system of the power company and is sent to the local TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) 5 or the concentrator 6 of the user. The TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) 5 or the concentrator 6 sends the payment information of the user to the first communication unit 21, and the first analysis processing unit 22 controls the branch switch 1 to close the switch. Meanwhile, the first communication unit 21 sends the pre-stored electric quantity information of the user to the electric energy meter 3, and the electric energy meter 3 displays the pre-stored electric quantity of the user.
Second embodiment
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the centralized intelligent prepayment system in the second embodiment. In this embodiment, the electric energy meter 3 no longer establishes a wireless communication connection with the first communication unit 21, and the communication of the electric energy meter 3 is changed to a broadband carrier (HPLC) mode. The branch switch 1 or the electric energy meter 3 establishes power carrier communication with a platform broadband carrier (HPLC) communication host 8 or a TTU5, respectively. The platform broadband carrier (HPLC) communication host 8 reads the fee control instruction of the electric energy meter 3, transmits the fee control instruction to the first communication unit 21, and further transmits the fee control instruction to the first analysis processing unit 22, and the first analysis processing unit 22 controls the branch switch 1 to execute corresponding fee control operation.
Unlike the first embodiment, the wireless connection of the power meter is changed to broadband carrier (HPLC) communication. The broadband carrier (HPLC) communication method requires additional wiring for the electric energy meter 3, and some power application places have definite restrictions on the wiring, and the first embodiment can be considered for places where the wiring is restricted. The first and second embodiments may also be used in combination, taking into account the complexity of the field situation.
In the second embodiment, the centralized intelligent prepayment system also adopts the encryption chip 21 a. The master station 7 or the TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) 5 may generate a key, and the key is issued to the encryption chip 21a of the user terminal, and the user terminal encrypts or decrypts according to the key. The encryption process can be remotely realized by a device such as the main station 7 and the like, and can also be realized on site by a device such as a palm machine and the like. To secure the communication line and the transmission data, the encryption key may be updated periodically.
Third embodiment
As shown in fig. 10, which is a schematic diagram of a centralized control type intelligent prepayment system in the third embodiment, in this embodiment, the electric energy meter 3 is connected in a communication manner by using an SPI bus. SPI is a high-speed, full-duplex, synchronous communication bus, a synchronous serial interface technology. The SPI works in a master-slave mode, which usually has a master device and one or more slave devices, and at least four wires are required, and when unidirectional transmission is performed, three wires can also work.
Specifically, the electric energy meter 3 is connected with the first analysis processing unit 22 in an SPI bus manner, the electric energy meter 3 sends information such as a cost control instruction to the first analysis processing unit 22, and the first analysis processing unit 22 controls the branch switch 1 to perform switching on and off operations. Meanwhile, the first analysis processing unit 22 transmits the information to the first communication unit 21, the first communication unit 21 transmits the information to the TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) 5 or the concentrator 6, and the TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) 5 or the concentrator 6 remotely transmits the information to the power company master station 7. The corresponding TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) 5 or the concentrator 6 may also receive information sent by the power company main station 7, and then send the information to the first communication unit 21, the first analysis processing unit 22, the branch switch 1, and the electric energy meter 3.
The present application may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. The present embodiments are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the utility model being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (13)
1. A centralized control type intelligent prepayment system comprises at least two branch switches (1), an intelligent monitoring unit (2) and an electric energy meter (3),
the branch switch (1) can measure/meter the electrical quantity and transmit the measurement/measurement result to the intelligent monitoring unit (2);
the electric energy meter (3) is a single-family electric energy meter with the quantity equal to that of the branch switch (1) or at least one multi-family electric energy meter which can be arranged independently or simultaneously with the single-family electric energy meter, the electric energy meter (3) can send out a charge control instruction, the intelligent monitoring unit (2) further comprises a first communication unit (21) and a first analysis processing unit (22), the first communication unit (21) is in communication connection with the branch switch (1) and the first analysis processing unit (22), and the first analysis processing unit (22) comprises a nonvolatile storage area (22a) and is characterized in that,
the system is characterized by further comprising a TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) (5) and/or a concentrator (6), wherein the TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) (5) and/or the concentrator (6) are in communication connection with the electric energy meter (3) and the first communication unit (21) respectively, can read the electric quantity information of the branch switch (1) and the electric quantity information of the electric energy meter (3) and then conduct consistency comparison analysis to obtain the address corresponding relation between the single-user electric energy meter and each branch switch (1) and/or the address corresponding relation between each user address in the multi-user electric energy meter and each branch switch (1), and sends and stores the addresses in the nonvolatile storage area (22 a).
2. The centralized control type intelligent prepayment system according to claim 1, wherein the single-family electric energy meter and the corresponding branch switches (1) are installed on the same conductive branch line, a plurality of branch switches (1) are connectable to the lower end of the multi-family electric energy meter, and a user address corresponding to each connected branch switch (1) is provided in the multi-family electric energy meter.
3. The centralized intelligent prepaid system of claim 1, further comprising a master station (7), wherein the TTU5 and/or the concentrator 6 respectively establish a telecommunication connection with the master station 7 through GPRS/CDMA wireless communication.
4. Centralized intelligent prepayment system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first communication unit (21) is wirelessly connectable to the electric energy meter (3).
5. The centralized intelligent prepayment system according to claim 4, wherein the first communication unit (21) is capable of receiving the fee control command from the electric energy meter (3) and transmitting the fee control command to the first analysis processing unit (22), and the first analysis processing unit (22) controls the corresponding branch switch (1) to execute the corresponding fee control action.
6. Centralized intelligent prepayment system according to claim 5, characterized in that the first analysis processing unit (22) receives the execution feedback signal of the branch switch (1) and transmits it to the first communication unit (21), and the first communication unit (21) transmits it to the electric energy meter (3).
7. Centralized intelligent prepaid system according to claim 1, characterised in that the first communication unit (21) is also provided with an encryption chip (21 a).
8. Centralized intelligent prepayment system according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric energy meter (3) is communicatively connected with the first communication unit (21) by means of a broadband carrier (HPLC).
9. The system according to claim 8, further comprising a platform broadband carrier (HPLC) communication host (8), wherein the communication host reads the fee control command of the electric energy meter (3) and transmits the fee control command to the first communication unit (21), and further transmits the fee control command to the first analysis processing unit (22) and controls the corresponding branch switch (1) to perform the corresponding fee control action.
10. The centralized intelligent prepayment system according to claim 1, wherein the electric energy meter (3) further comprises a collector (31) and a conversion module (33), and the signal inputted by the collector (31) is transmitted to the first analysis processing unit (22) through the conversion module (33) in a bus manner.
11. The centralized intelligent prepayment system according to claim 4, wherein the TTU (distribution transformer monitoring terminal) (5) and/or the concentrator (6) and/or the master station (7) can perform consistency comparison analysis again after replacing the electric energy meter (3), update the address correspondence, and then send the update to be stored in the nonvolatile storage area (22 a).
12. The centralized intelligent prepayment system according to claim 1, wherein the branch analysis processing module (11) in the branch switch (1) can read and update the corresponding address set in the intelligent monitoring unit after replacing the branch switch (1).
13. A control method applying the centralized intelligent prepaid system according to any of claims 1-12, comprising:
the branch switch measures/meters the electric quantity, and the electric energy meter measures the electric quantity;
reading the electrical quantity information, performing consistency comparison analysis, and storing the corresponding relation of the analysis result in a nonvolatile storage area (22 a);
the intelligent monitoring unit (2) receives the charge control instruction of the electric energy meter (3) and controls the corresponding branch switch (1) to execute corresponding operation according to the corresponding relation.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB2278699B (en) * | 1993-05-17 | 1997-09-24 | Logica Uk Ltd | Domestic meter |
| CN204538386U (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-08-05 | 深圳市达特智慧物联科技有限公司 | A kind of multiposition socket with limitation Electricity Functional |
| CN107656137A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2018-02-02 | 中国电力科学研究院 | A kind of intelligent electric meter payment control system and its control method |
| CN108597123A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-09-28 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | A kind of three-phase remote is multi-functional to take control electric energy meter device |
| CN109993658A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-09 | 北京杰视通科技发展有限公司 | Electricity based on block chain really weighs method, intelligent terminal and block chain node |
| CN110111556B (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2022-01-28 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | Automatic control method and device for realizing instant installation and instant collection of intelligent electric meter |
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