CN112986187B - Device and method for carrying retroreflective value of Lambertian body - Google Patents
Device and method for carrying retroreflective value of Lambertian body Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A device and a method for bearing a retroreflection value by a lambertian body belong to the field of traffic safety. The device comprises a measuring radiation source, a spectrum sensor, a space adjuster, a bidirectional positioner and a two-dimensional aligner. The spectrum sensor is used for collecting spectrum data of the measuring radiation source and spectrum data of the lambertian body reflected light, and respectively calculating and regulating correlated color temperature and a retroreflection value curve of the measured lambertian body under different pose and angle combinations. The present patent utilizes the changes in the spectral data of the measurement radiation source itself and the spectral data after reflection by the lambertian body to obtain the magnitude of retroreflection carried by the lambertian body. This patent has carried out automatically regulated to the correlated color temperature of measuring radiation source to guarantee the accuracy of measuring result at every turn. The lambertian body is used for bearing the retroreflection value, so that the retroreflection value can be stored for a long time through the stable lambertian body.
Description
Technical Field
A device and a method for bearing a retroreflection value by a lambertian body belong to the field of traffic safety.
Background
The traffic safety facility mainly comprises a reflective film, traffic signs, marked lines, raised road signs, spikes, outline signs and guiding signs.
The retroreflective value mainly comprises retroreflective coefficient, retroreflective brightness coefficient, luminous intensity coefficient and the like.
The retroreflection measuring instrument mainly comprises a retroreflection mark measuring instrument, a retroreflection mark measuring instrument and a raised road mark measuring instrument.
Retroreflective etalons, which essentially comprise a sign, reticle or raised pavement marker carrying a traceable magnitude.
Standard substance-substance carrying traceable magnitude.
2856K, a standard value, corresponds to the color temperature of the CIE standard illuminant A, and can be achieved by adjusting voltage and current.
Photopic vision function, a domestic and overseas recognized function determined by CIE, is initially calculated by finding out a plurality of people to observe the same batch of objects. The instrument should be well-regulated when leaving the factory, so that the matching degree of the instrument and the photopic vision function is within 7%.
The number of traffic accident deaths in recent years is continuously rising. Statistical data shows that the probability of correlation between traffic safety facilities with retroreflective functions and pedestrian dressing and traffic accidents is 70%. Since the first global traffic sign in 1937 made of retroreflective material was made in the united states, road traffic safety facilities have been attracting attention for the great effectiveness of night driving safety by utilizing their unique retroreflective properties. Clear traffic sign marks, dressing and the like can greatly reduce the traffic accident rate. The road traffic safety facility prompts and guides the road traffic by visually recognizing the shape, color, characters, patterns and other information of the driver. The road traffic safety facilities mainly comprise road traffic signs, road traffic marks, raised road marks and the like, the reflection principle is based on a special structure optical material which can reflect light back to a light source, namely a reflection material, and the main measuring equipment is a reflection measuring instrument. The test principle of the retroreflector is an alternative method, relying on a standard substance with a retroreflection value.
There is currently no disclosed device and method for using lambertian bodies to carry retroreflective values, typically using retroreflective bodies to carry retroreflective values. The corresponding device is a retroreflection measurement standard device or a retroreflection standard device, and the corresponding method is a ratio method, a direct luminous intensity method, a direct brightness method or an alternative method.
The prior art has the following defects that 1) the service life of the retroreflector is short and the annual change amount is large. 2) The retroreflector uniformity is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The device for carrying the retroreflection value by the lambertian body comprises a measuring radiation source, a spectrum sensor, a space adjuster, a two-way positioner and a two-dimensional aligner, and the hardware connection diagram is shown in figure 1.
The outer frame 4 is 1 closed cube, the black inside the outer frame is not reflective, external light cannot enter the inner frame, the bottom and two sides of the outer frame can be detached when a measured lambertian body is installed, a two-dimensional aligner is installed on the outer frame, the long side of the two-dimensional aligner is parallel to the long side of the upper portion of the outer frame, a measuring cabinet body 3, a two-way positioner 10 and a placing cabinet body 6 are installed on the two-dimensional aligner 5, a driving controller 2 is installed on the measuring cabinet body, a measuring radiation source is installed on the driving controller, an adjustable diaphragm is installed at the right side end of the measuring radiation source 1, the driving controller can provide controllable stable voltage and current to drive the measuring radiation source to emit radiation, the driving controller can receive spectrum data output by a spectrum sensor, the spectrum sensor is installed on the two-way positioner, the light sensing surface of the spectrum sensor is perpendicular to the long side of the two-dimensional aligner, the distance between the light sensing surface center of the spectrum sensor and the measuring radiation source is continuously adjustable, the diaphragm of the spectrum sensor and the measuring radiation source are located in the same plane, the driving controller can provide controllable stable voltage and current to drive the measuring radiation source to emit radiation, the driving controller can receive spectrum data output by the spectrum sensor, the spectrum sensor is installed on the two-way positioner, the spectrum sensor can be controlled, the spectrum sensor is located on the two-way positioner, the light sensing surface is enabled to be continuously adjustable between the light sensing surface center and the center of the measuring radiation source, the light sensing surface is located on the center, and the measuring plane is located on the center, and the center of the measuring plane, and the space is adjusted by the space, and the light sensor is located by the center, and the center and the light sensor is located, and. The space adjuster 7 can move to enable the center line of the measured lambertian body to coincide with the axis of the positioning laser, the center line of the measuring radiation source diaphragm is parallel to the long side of the two-dimensional aligner and passes through the middle point of the measured lambertian body 8, the measuring axis 11 is parallel to the long side of the upper part of the outer frame and is perpendicular to the side lines of the left side and the right side of the outer frame.
The device for bearing the retroreflection value by the lambertian body comprises a measuring radiation source, a spectrum sensor, a space adjuster, a bidirectional positioner, a two-dimensional aligner and the like.
In fig. 1, cs is that the spectrum sensor is in an initial position or a lower position, and gw is that the measured lambertian body is in an initial position or a homing state.
In fig. 3, tw is that the lambertian body to be measured is in a backset state, and sw is that the spectrum sensor is in an upper state.
The implementation process of the overall technical scheme is as follows:
(1) And detaching the bottom and two sides of the outer frame, installing the measured lambertian body on the space adjuster, and installing the bottom and two sides of the outer frame.
(2) The device is powered up so that the components are preheated.
(3) The driving controller outputs initial voltage and current, and lights the measuring radiation source to wait for the measuring radiation source to stably emit radiation.
(4) As shown in fig. 3, the spatial adjuster drives the measured lambertian body to move vertically downward to deviate from an initial position (the initial position is gw in fig. 1), so that the measured lambertian body cannot be irradiated by light emitted by the measuring radiation source, and after the spectrum sensor descends, the center of a light sensing surface of the spectrum sensor can be penetrated by the measuring axis, that is, the measured lambertian body is in a state of backset (tw in fig. 3).
(5) The spectral sensor starts measuring and recording stray light in the housing.
(6) The spectrum sensor moves towards the placing cabinet body under the drive of the two-way positioner, firstly moves towards the right side along the two-dimensional aligner, and when the spectrum sensor moves to the right side of the measured lambertian body, the two-way positioner moves downwards and rotates the spectrum sensor, so that the light sensing surface of the spectrum sensor faces towards the plane where the measuring radiation source is located, the center of the light sensing surface of the spectrum sensor and the center of the measuring radiation source are located on the same horizontal line, namely the center of the light sensing surface of the spectrum sensor and the center of the measuring radiation source are penetrated by the measuring axis at the same time, and the position where laser and the light sensing surface of the spectrum sensor intersect is located, and the direction of the light sensing surface of the spectrum sensor is opposite to the irradiation direction of the measuring radiation source, namely the spectrum sensor is in a sw state.
(7) The spectrum sensor collects spectrum data of the measuring radiation source, and the correlated color temperature is calculated.
(8) If the correlated color temperature of the measuring radiation source does not meet the requirement, the driving controller changes the voltage and the current so that the correlated color temperature of the measuring radiation source changes. When the correlated color temperature of the measured radiation source is too low, the output voltage value of the drive controller is regulated up, and when the correlated color temperature of the measured radiation source is too high, the output voltage value of the drive controller is regulated down. The requirement for correlated color temperature is 2856K.
(9) When the correlated color temperature of the measured radiation source meets the requirements, the spectral sensor collects spectral DATA1 and transmits it to the drive controller.
(10) As shown in cs in fig. 1, the spectrum sensor is in a lower state, that is, is driven by the bidirectional positioner to move towards the measurement cabinet body, so that the light sensing surface of the spectrum sensor and the diaphragm of the measurement radiation source are positioned on the same plane, and the light sensing surface of the spectrum sensor faces the irradiation direction of the measurement radiation source.
(11) The measured lambertian body is reset under the drive of the space adjuster, as shown by gw in fig. 1, so that the laser emitted by the positioning laser coincides with the central line of the measured lambertian body, and the included angle between the long side of the measured lambertian body and the horizontal direction is set as beta.
(12) And setting the distance between the midpoint of the measuring radiation source diaphragm and the midpoint of the measured lambertian body as b, and enabling the distance L between the photosurface center of the spectrum sensor and the center of the measuring radiation source to meet the following requirement under the drive of the bidirectional positioner, wherein θ is an included angle between a connecting line of the photosurface center of the spectrum sensor and the center of the measured lambertian body and a connecting line of the midpoint of the measuring radiation source diaphragm and the center of the measured lambertian body.
(13) The spatial adjuster is initialized so that the long sides of the measured lambertian bodies are parallel to the horizontal direction.
(14) The range of the included angle beta between the long side of the measured lambertian body and the horizontal direction is (-180 degrees) under the drive of the space regulator.
(15) B is correspondingly adjusted so that the variation range of theta is (0-90 degrees).
(16) The spectral sensor continuously collects spectral DATA2.
(17) After traversing all angle combinations of beta and theta, calculating to obtain a retroreflection value curve of a measured lambertian body, wherein the calculation method comprises the steps of multiplying DATA1 by a photopic function of a spectrum sensor, integrating in a corresponding wavelength range to obtain a total flux D1 of the corresponding wavelength range, multiplying DATA2 by the photopic function of the spectrum sensor, integrating in the corresponding wavelength range to obtain a total flux D2 of the corresponding wavelength range, dividing the total flux D2 by the total flux D1, multiplying the total flux D1 by a correction number k to obtain the retroreflection value curve of the corresponding beta and theta, taking beta as an x-axis and theta as a y-axis, calculating to obtain the retroreflection value as a z-axis, and drawing to obtain the retroreflection value three-dimensional graph. When the standard substance is used as an instrument, the design value of the measurement area is s1, and the effective area of the standard substance is s2, k= (l×l×s1)/(s2×s2×cos (β -1.05 °)). Wherein 1.05 DEG is the observation angle of a retroreflection measuring instrument using a lambertian body, and beta is the included angle between the long side of the measured lambertian body and the horizontal direction. s1 is given by an instrument instruction matched with a standard substance, namely when the instrument matched with the standard substance is used for measuring the road traffic marking, the illumination beam irradiates the spot area on the road traffic marking to be measured. S2, when the standard substance is used for calibration, the light spot area of the illumination beam irradiated on the standard substance is used for calibration by the instrument matched with the standard substance.
S1 and s2 can be measured using vernier caliper isotactics.
This patent has realized that the automation bears the weight of the retroreflection value to the lambertian body.
The light-emitting device has excellent applicability, and can bear the luminosity performance of various traffic safety facilities such as a retroreflection coefficient, a retroreflection brightness coefficient, a luminous intensity coefficient and the like on a lambertian body.
The cost of the patent is lower than that of the current common method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the hardware connections of a device for carrying retroreflection values for a lambertian body
In fig. 1, 1 is a measuring radiation source, 1-1 is a diaphragm of the measuring radiation source, 2 is a driving controller, 3 is a measuring cabinet, 4 is an outer frame, 5 is a two-dimensional aligner, 6 is a placing cabinet, 7 is a space adjuster, 8 is a measured lambertian body, 9 is a spectrum sensor, 9-1 is a photosurface on the spectrum sensor, 10 is a bidirectional positioner, 11 is a measuring axis, a is positioning laser, b is a distance between a middle point of the diaphragm of the measuring radiation source and a middle point of the measured lambertian body, beta is an included angle between a long side of the measured lambertian body and a horizontal direction, beta changes along with rotation of the measured lambertian body, and L is a distance between a photosurface center of the spectrum sensor and a center of the measuring radiation source. cs is that the spectrum sensor is in an initial position or a lower state, and gw is that the measured lambertian body is in an initial position or a homing state. The patent can work as shown in figure 1, and can also work by rotating the patent by +/-90 degrees.
Technical scheme flow chart of device and method for carrying retroreflection value by lambertian body in fig. 2
FIG. 3 position schematic diagram 2
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of embodiment 1
Detailed Description
(1) The bottom and the two sides of the outer frame are disassembled, the white-average ceramic plate is installed on the space adjuster, and the bottom and the two sides of the outer frame are installed.
(2) The device is powered up so that the components are preheated.
(3) The driving controller outputs initial voltage and current, and lights the measuring radiation source to wait for the measuring radiation source to stably emit radiation.
(4) The space adjuster drives the measured white-mean ceramic plate to deviate from the initial position.
(5) The spectral sensor starts measuring and recording stray light in the housing.
(6) The spectrum sensor is driven by the bidirectional positioner to move towards the placing cabinet body, the photosurface of the spectrum sensor is aligned to the measuring radiation source, the photosurface center of the spectrum sensor and the center of the measuring radiation source are positioned on the same horizontal line, and the positioning laser intersects with the photosurface of the spectrum sensor.
(7) The spectrum sensor collects spectrum data of the measuring radiation source, and the correlated color temperature is calculated.
(8) If the correlated color temperature and the designed color temperature of the measuring radiation source differ by more than 6K, the driving controller changes the voltage and the current so that the correlated color temperature of the measuring radiation source changes. And when the correlated color temperature of the measured radiation source is higher than the designed color temperature, the output voltage value of the drive controller is regulated down.
(9) When the correlated color temperature of the measured radiation source and the designed color temperature differ by not more than 6K, the spectral sensor collects the radiation source spectral DATA DATA1 and transmits the radiation source spectral DATA to the driving controller.
(10) The spectrum sensor is reset and moves towards the measuring cabinet body under the drive of the bidirectional positioner, so that the photosurface of the spectrum sensor and the diaphragm of the measuring radiation source are positioned in the same plane.
(11) The measured white average value ceramic plate is reset under the drive of the space adjuster, so that laser emitted by positioning laser coincides with the center line of the measured white average value ceramic plate, and the included angle between the long side of the measured white average value ceramic plate and the horizontal direction is recorded as beta.
(12) The distance between the midpoint of the measuring radiation source diaphragm and the midpoint of the measured white-mean ceramic plate is set as b, and the distance L between the photosurface center of the spectrum sensor and the center of the measuring radiation source is enabled to meet the following requirement that b/L=tan 1.05 DEG, wherein 1.05 DEG is an included angle between a connecting line of the photosurface center of the spectrum sensor and the center of the measured white-mean ceramic plate and a connecting line of the midpoint of the measuring radiation source diaphragm and the center of the measured white-mean ceramic plate under the driving of the bidirectional positioner.
(13) The space adjuster is initialized so that the long sides of the measured white average ceramic plate are parallel to the horizontal direction.
(14) The change range of the included angle beta between the long side of the measured white-mean ceramic plate and the horizontal direction is (80-90 degrees) under the drive of the space adjuster.
(15) The spectral sensor continuously collects spectral DATA2.
(16) The method comprises the steps of multiplying DATA1 by a photopic function of a spectrum sensor, integrating the photopic function in a wavelength range of 380 nm-780 nm to obtain total flux D1 in the wavelength range of 380 nm-780 nm, multiplying DATA2 by the photopic function of the spectrum sensor, integrating the photopic function in the wavelength range of 380 nm-780 nm to obtain total flux D2 in the wavelength range of 380 nm-780 nm, dividing the total flux D2 by the total flux D1, and multiplying the total flux by a correction k to obtain the retroflection brightness coefficient of the white-mean ceramic plate.
The present patent utilizes the changes in the spectral data of the measurement radiation source itself and the spectral data after reflection by the lambertian body to obtain the magnitude of retroreflection carried by the lambertian body.
This patent has carried out automatically regulated to the correlated color temperature of measuring radiation source to guarantee the accuracy of measuring result at every turn.
The lambertian body is used for bearing the retroreflection value, so that the retroreflection value can be stored for a long time through the stable lambertian body.
The method realizes the automatic adjustment of the correlated color temperature of the measured radiation source, and particularly means that (7) the spectrum sensor acquires the spectrum data of the measured radiation source and calculates the correlated color temperature, and the process of rapid convergence is difficult to realize because a controller is driven to change voltage and current to adjust the correlated color temperature.
The back reflection performance of the lambertian body is very weak, a common method such as using an illuminometer and the like can not receive weak signals, and the method provided by the patent solves the problem of sensing the weak signals from the perspective of total luminous flux.
Claims (2)
1. The device of the back reflection value is born to the lambertian body, its characterized in that:
The device comprises a measuring radiation source, a spectrum sensor, a space regulator, a two-way positioner and a two-dimensional aligner, wherein the outer frame is 1 closed cube, the two-dimensional aligner is arranged on the outer frame, the long side of the two-dimensional aligner is parallel to the long side of the upper part of the outer frame, a measuring cabinet body, the two-way positioner and a placing cabinet body are arranged on the two-dimensional aligner, a driving controller is arranged on the measuring cabinet body, the measuring radiation source is arranged on the driving controller, the right end part of the measuring radiation source is provided with a diaphragm with adjustable size, the driving controller provides controllable stable voltage and current to drive the measuring radiation source to emit radiation, the driving controller receives spectrum data output by the spectrum sensor, the spectrum sensor is arranged on the two-way aligner, and the light sensing surface of the spectrum sensor is perpendicular to the long side of the two-dimensional aligner;
The bidirectional positioner controls the spectrum sensor so that the distance between the center of the photosurface of the spectrum sensor and the center of the measuring radiation source is continuously adjustable, and the photosurface of the spectrum sensor and the diaphragm of the measuring radiation source are positioned in the same plane;
The positioning laser and the space adjuster are arranged on the placing cabinet body, the measured lambertian body is fixed on the space adjuster, so that the measured lambertian body rotates along with the space adjuster, the rotating center point of the space adjuster is arranged on the axis of the positioning laser, the space adjuster moves so that the central line of the measured lambertian body is coincident with the axis of the positioning laser, the central line of the measuring radiation source diaphragm is parallel to the long side of the two-dimensional aligner and passes through the middle point of the measured lambertian body, the measuring axis is parallel to the long side of the upper part of the outer frame, and the measuring axis is perpendicular to the side lines of the left side and the right side of the outer frame.
2. A method of using the apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
(1) Disassembling the bottom and two sides of the outer frame, mounting the measured lambertian body on the space adjuster, and mounting the bottom and two sides of the outer frame;
(2) Powering up the device to preheat each component;
(3) The driving controller outputs initial voltage and current, and lights the measuring radiation source to wait for the measuring radiation source to stably emit radiation;
(4) The space adjuster drives the measured lambertian body to move downwards and vertically so that the measured lambertian body cannot be used at all
The method comprises the steps that light emitted by a radiation source is measured, and after a spectrum sensor descends, the center of a photosurface of the spectrum sensor is penetrated by a measuring axis;
(5) The spectrum sensor starts to measure and record stray light in the outer frame;
(6) The spectrum sensor is driven by the bidirectional positioner to move towards the placing cabinet body, firstly moves towards the right side along the two-dimensional aligner, and when the spectrum sensor moves to the right side of the measured lambertian body, the bidirectional positioner moves downwards,
The spectrum sensor is rotated, so that the light sensitive surface of the spectrum sensor faces to a plane where the measuring radiation source is located, the center of the light sensitive surface of the spectrum sensor and the center of the measuring radiation source are located on the same horizontal line, namely the center of the light sensitive surface of the spectrum sensor and the center of the measuring radiation source penetrate through the measuring axis at the same time, the position where laser intersects the light sensitive surface of the spectrum sensor is located, and the light sensitive surface of the spectrum sensor faces to the direction opposite to the irradiation direction of the measuring radiation source;
(7) The spectrum sensor collects spectrum data of the measuring radiation source, and a correlated color temperature is obtained through calculation;
(8) If the correlated color temperature of the measuring radiation source does not meet the requirement, the driving controller changes the voltage and the current so that the correlated color temperature of the measuring radiation source changes, and when the correlated color temperature of the measuring radiation source is too low,
When the correlated color temperature of the measured radiation source is too high, the output voltage value of the drive controller is regulated down;
(9) When the correlated color temperature of the measured radiation source meets the requirement, the spectrum sensor collects spectrum DATA DATA1 and transmits the spectrum DATA DATA1 to the driving controller, wherein the requirement of the correlated color temperature is 2856K;
(10) The spectrum sensor is driven by the bidirectional positioner to move towards the measuring cabinet body, so that the photosurface of the spectrum sensor and the diaphragm of the measuring radiation source are positioned on the same plane, and the photosurface of the spectrum sensor faces the direction consistent with the irradiation direction of the measuring radiation source;
(11) The measured lambertian body is reset under the drive of the space adjuster, so that laser emitted by positioning laser coincides with the central line of the measured lambertian body, and an included angle between the long side of the measured lambertian body and the horizontal direction is set as beta;
(12) The distance between the midpoint of the measuring radiation source diaphragm and the midpoint of the measured lambertian body is set as b, and the distance L between the center of the photosurface of the spectrum sensor and the positioning laser meets the following requirements under the drive of the bidirectional positioner, wherein, theta is an included angle between a connecting line of the center of the photosurface of the spectrum sensor and the center of the measured lambertian body and a connecting line of the midpoint of the measuring radiation source diaphragm and the center of the measured lambertian body;
(13) Initializing a space regulator to enable the long side of the measured lambertian body to be parallel to the horizontal direction;
(14) The change range of the included angle beta between the long side of the measured lambertian body and the horizontal direction is (-180 degrees) under the drive of the space regulator;
(15) Correspondingly adjusting b to ensure that the variation range of theta is (0-90 degrees);
(16) The spectrum sensor continuously collects spectrum DATA DATA2;
(17) After traversing all angle combinations of beta and theta, calculating to obtain a retroreflection value curve of a measured lambertian body, wherein the calculation method comprises the steps of multiplying DATA1 by a photopic function of a spectrum sensor, integrating in a corresponding wavelength range to obtain total flux D1 of the corresponding wavelength range, multiplying DATA2 by the photopic function of the spectrum sensor, integrating in the corresponding wavelength range to obtain total flux D2 of the corresponding wavelength range, dividing the total flux D2 by the total flux D1, multiplying by a correction number k to obtain the retroreflection value curve of the corresponding beta and theta, drawing to obtain a retroreflection value three-dimensional graph by taking beta as an x-axis and taking theta as a y-axis, calculating to obtain a retroreflection value as a z-axis, and when a standard substance is matched with an instrument, the measurement area design value of which is S1 and the effective area of the standard substance is S2, obtaining total flux D2 of the corresponding wavelength range, wherein 1.05 DEG is the total flux D2 of the corresponding wavelength range, dividing the total flux D2 by the total flux D1, and multiplying by the correction number k, and when the standard substance is matched with the standard substance, the standard substance is illuminated on a road, and the standard substance is illuminated on the road, and the standard substance is matched with the standard substance, and the standard substance is illuminated on the road.
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