CN112986045A - Determination method for boundary of marsh wetland - Google Patents
Determination method for boundary of marsh wetland Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a determination method of a marsh wetland boundary, and relates to a determination method of a wetland boundary. The method solves the problem that the judgment result of determining the boundary between the wetland and the land is careless and accurate at present. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, setting and surveying a swamp wetland sample prescription; secondly, collecting and analyzing a soil sample; thirdly, analyzing a plant sample; and fourthly, analyzing and determining the indexes for judging the wetland boundary by using the single-factor variance, wherein the positions meeting the indexes in the swamp wetland sample prescription are the boundaries of the wetland and the land. According to the method, the wetland boundary judgment indexes are determined through sample setting, investigation and analysis, the wetland boundary judgment accuracy is greatly improved, and the problem that the wetland boundary judgment result is careless and accurate is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for judging a wetland boundary.
Background
The wetland is a natural transition zone from a water body to the land, and has important functions in the aspects of keeping biological diversity, storing flood, preventing drought, adjusting climate, controlling soil erosion and the like. Although the function and value of the wetland in the ecological system are generally accepted, and the wetland protection is also an important content in maintaining the ecological function of countries in the world, the global wetland still has the problems of loss and degradation along with the economic development. For example, the Netherlands and Germany still retain part of natural wetlands before 1950, and most of the wetlands are destroyed after 1980, and about 2/3 natural wetlands are destroyed in the whole Europe; in 1978-2008, although the artificial wetland is increased by 122%, the natural wetland is decreased by 33%. On the one hand, the problems are still required to be further solved when protective measures are implemented, and on the other hand, the wetland boundary cannot be determined. The prior false knowledge of the wetland causes large-scale direct destruction to the wetland, such as marshland improvement, reclamation and farmland building, and at present, the continuous destruction to the environment on which the wetland lives is caused due to the insufficient knowledge of the existence range of the wetland.
In the current wetland protection work in China, an urgent task is to establish a national wetland standard and a detailed wetland distribution diagram so as to effectively protect and repair wetland resources. However, in wetland research and protection, there are many disputes and ambiguities on the basic problem of how to distinguish the wetland. The reason is that in addition to the complexity and diversity of the wetland system, the fuzzy wetland boundary causes difficulties and disputes when people research, recover and effectively utilize the wetland. The judgment of the wetland boundary is the foundation of wetland research and is also the premise of wetland protection, restoration and reconstruction. By integrating the definitions of scholars at home and abroad on the wetlands, the three elements of the wetlands, namely the wetland hydrology, the wetland vegetation and the wetland soil, are theoretical bases for identifying the wetlands and defining the wetland boundaries. Since the wetland system is a transition zone between the land system and the water system, determining the wetland boundary requires determining the wet land boundary (boundary between wetland and land).
In the traditional method, wetland in different areas is counted by using a remote sensing identification technology, but the data is not strictly acquired according to three elements of the wetland in the data acquisition process; or the multi-source remote sensing technology is used for defining wetland vegetation boundary inversion radar interference measurement technology observed wetland hydrological threshold values, so that the wetland boundary is determined, but wetland soil of one of the three elements of the wetland is ignored.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for judging a boundary of a marsh wetland, aiming at solving the problem that the judgment result of the conventional method for determining the boundary of the marsh wetland is careless and accurate.
The determination method of the marsh wetland boundary is carried out according to the following steps:
swamp wetland sample prescription setting and investigation
Setting 3-6 sample plots at the water-land boundary of the wetland at intervals of 50 meters from near to far, and setting 3-4 sample squares of 50cm multiplied by 50cm in each sample plot; classifying the plants on the ground surface, recording the names, the number of plants, the coverage degree and the height of the plants, and calculating the important value of the plant species, namely the important value is relative density, relative coverage degree and relative frequency of the species;
second, soil sample collection and analysis
Collecting 0-20 cm of soil samples in each sample prescription, weighing and drying the soil samples, measuring and calculating the water content and the volume weight of the soil, and measuring the content of soil ions according to the national soil detection standard;
third, analysis of plant samples
Measuring the aboveground biomass of each sample plant sample, counting wetland plant species, sequencing the wetland plant species according to the important value, weighing and drying the plant samples, and measuring and calculating the plant biomass and the plant water content, namely:
b represents the biomass of a sample prescription; n represents the number of species; b represents the biomass of each species;
plant moisture content (plant wet weight-plant dry weight)/plant wet weight;
fourthly, determining the wetland boundary
And (3) respectively carrying out one-factor variance analysis on the indexes obtained in the first step to the third step and the sampling distance, namely carrying out one-factor variance analysis on the plant important value, the soil ion content, the plant biomass, the soil water content and the sampling distance, determining that the index which has a significant difference of p < 0.05 from the sampling distance is an index for judging the boundary of the wetland, and determining the position meeting the index in the swamp wetland sample prescription, namely the boundary of the wetland and the land.
Further, carrying out single-factor variance analysis on the plant important value, the soil ion content, the plant biomass, the water content and the sampling distance in the fourth step to determine the soil water content and K+The ion and wetland plant species can be used as indexes for judging the wetland boundary, wherein the water content of the soil is between 5.23% and 12.09%, the K + content in the soil is 9.26-50.9 mg/kg, and the position of the swamp wetland sample prescription of species such as reed, suaeda salsa, scripus triqueter, barnyard grass, chenopodium glaucum or starwort and the like, which are dominant species, is the position of the boundary between the wetland and the land.
The wetland refers to a transition zone between the land and the water body and has the characteristics of the land and the water body, so the boundary of the wetland, the land and the water body is required to be determined when the boundary of the wetland is determined, and the two boundaries are the boundary of the wetland.
The wetland hydrology, the wetland vegetation and the wetland soil are combined, the single-factor variance analysis is adopted to judge the boundary of the swamp wetland, and the accuracy of judging the boundary of the swamp wetland is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic drawing of a sampling plane of example 1.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of example 1.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the determination method of the marsh wetland boundary in the embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:
swamp wetland sample prescription setting and investigation
Setting 3-6 sample plots at the water-land boundary of the wetland at intervals of 50 meters from near to far, and setting 3-4 sample squares of 50cm multiplied by 50cm in each sample plot; classifying the plants on the ground surface, recording the names, the number of plants, the coverage degree and the height of the plants, and calculating the important value of the plant species, namely the important value is relative density, relative coverage degree and relative frequency of the species;
second, soil sample collection and analysis
Collecting 0-20 cm of soil samples in each sample prescription, weighing and drying the soil samples, measuring and calculating the water content and the volume weight of the soil, and measuring the content of soil ions according to the national soil detection standard;
third, analysis of plant samples
Measuring the aboveground biomass of each sample plant sample, counting wetland plant species, sequencing the wetland plant species according to the important value, weighing and drying the plant samples, and measuring and calculating the plant biomass and the plant water content, namely:
b represents the biomass of a sample prescription; n represents the number of species; b represents the biomass of each species;
plant moisture content (plant wet weight-plant dry weight)/plant wet weight;
fourthly, determining the wetland boundary
And (3) respectively carrying out one-factor variance analysis on the indexes obtained in the first step to the third step and the sampling distance, namely carrying out one-factor variance analysis on the plant important value, the soil ion content, the plant biomass, the soil water content and the sampling distance, determining that the index which has a significant difference of p < 0.05 from the sampling distance is an index for judging the boundary of the wetland, and determining the position meeting the index in the swamp wetland sample prescription, namely the boundary of the wetland and the land.
Further, carrying out single-factor variance analysis on the plant important value, the soil ion content, the plant biomass, the water content and the sampling distance in the fourth step to determine that the soil water content, the K + ions and the wetland plant species can be used as indexes for judging the wetland boundary, namely when the soil water content is 5.23-12.09%, the K + content in the soil is 9.26-50.9 mg/kg, and the dominant species are the swamp wetland sample prescription of reeds, suaeda glauca, scripus triqueter, barnyard grass, chenopodium album linn or starwort and the like, the position of the wetland boundary with the land is the position.
In the first step of the present embodiment, at least 3 patterns are arranged in order from the near side to the far side, and 4 or more patterns are optionally arranged by observing the distance between the third pattern and the land or farmland.
In the second step of this embodiment, the volume weight and water content of the soil are measured, and then the dried soil sample is ground through a sieve of 10 meshes or 60 meshes to detect the organic carbon and the ions in the soil.
In the third step of the embodiment, the fresh weight of each wetland species in each sample is firstly measured, then the samples are placed into an oven (60 ℃) to be dried for 6-8 hours, and finally the dry weight of each wetland species is measured and is subjected to summary calculation.
The single factor (data statistics) analysis method in the fourth step of the embodiment: and (3) carrying out single-factor variance analysis on each factor of the sample and the sampling distance by using SPSS22.0(SPSS Inc. Chicago, USA) software according to the sample and the sampling distance to obtain each index and the index of judging the wetland boundary when the biomass and the distance have obvious difference.
Example 1 determination of the boundary of the west marsh wetland of Jilin, the specific method is as follows:
swamp wetland sample prescription setting and investigation
Selecting 16 wetlands with different areas in west of Jilin as research objects, setting 3 sample plots at 50m intervals in a sequence from near to far by taking wetland land-water interfaces as first sampling sample plots, and setting 3 sample plots of 50cm multiplied by 50cm in each sample plot; classifying the plants in the sample prescription, recording the plant names, the plant numbers, the coverage and the heights, counting the species of the wetland plants, and classifying the plant species appearing in the sample plot according to Chinese wetland plant famous records, Chinese marsh records and Chinese northeast wetland wild vascular bundle plants; a sampled schematic plan view is shown in fig. 1 and a sampled schematic cross-sectional view is shown in fig. 2;
second, soil sample collection and analysis
In each sample prescription, a soil sample of 0-20 cm is collected by using a cutting ring method, the collected soil and the cutting ring are placed in a sample collection box together for storage, in an indoor test, the soil sample is weighed and dried, the soil water content and the soil volume weight are measured and calculated, and an instrument is used in a laboratory to test the properties of soil ions and nutrients; wherein, the dried soil sample needs to be ground through a sieve of 10 meshes and 60 meshes, and then organic carbon and soil ion detection (soil ion and nutrient property test) is carried out;
third, analysis of plant samples
Collecting aboveground biomass in each sample prescription, counting wetland plant species, sequencing the wetland plant species according to the magnitude of an important value, weighing and drying a plant sample in an indoor test, and measuring and calculating the plant biomass and the plant water content;
fourthly, determining the wetland boundary
Dividing the sampling distance into four gradients of 0m, 0-100m, 100-200m and 200-300m, and obtaining the water content of the soil and the K in the soil by using one-factor variance analysis+Determining wetland boundaries by using factors such as ion content and wetland species;
the statistical analysis method for the sampling data in the fourth step of the embodiment comprises the following steps: dividing the sampling distance into four gradients, dividing the wetland area into three types of small area, medium area and large area, obtaining the significant difference (p is less than 0.05) between the water content of the soil, the K + in the soil and the biomass and the distance by using single-factor variance analysis, wherein the water content of the soil and the K + in the soil are gradually reduced along with the increase of the distance, and the biomass is gradually increased along with the increase of the distance; the interaction between the sampling distance and the wetland area obtained by using the two-factor variance analysis has obvious influence on the soil water content and the plant water content. The water content of the soil causes the change of the water content of the plants, the water content of the plants and the water content of the soil are consistent, the soil is a result of the comprehensive effect of various soil forming factors and has comprehensive characteristics, and therefore, compared with the water content of the plants, the water content of the soil is more suitable for being used as an index for judging the boundary of the wetland.
In the embodiment, when the water content of the soil is 9 +/-1.05 percent and the K in the soil is+The ion content is 22.85 + -4.99 mg/kg, and when the representative wetland plants are Scirpus triqueter and Suaeda salsa, the boundary distance of the western swamp wetland of Jilin is 183.88 + -19.40 m.
Claims (1)
1. A determination method of a marsh wetland boundary is characterized by comprising the following steps:
swamp wetland sample prescription setting and investigation
Setting 3-6 sample plots at the water-land boundary of the wetland at intervals of 50 meters from near to far, and setting 3-4 sample squares of 50cm multiplied by 50cm in each sample plot; classifying the plants on the ground surface, recording the names, the number of plants, the coverage degree and the height of the plants, and calculating the important value of the plant species, namely the important value is relative density, relative coverage degree and relative frequency of the species;
second, soil sample collection and analysis
Collecting 0-20 cm of soil samples in each sample prescription, weighing and drying the soil samples, measuring and calculating the water content and the volume weight of the soil, and measuring the content of soil ions according to the national soil detection standard;
third, analysis of plant samples
Measuring the aboveground biomass of each sample plant sample, counting wetland plant species, sequencing the wetland plant species according to the important value, weighing and drying the plant samples, and measuring and calculating the plant biomass and the plant water content, namely:
b represents the biomass of a sample prescription; n represents the number of species; b represents the biomass of each species;
plant moisture content (plant wet weight-plant dry weight)/plant wet weight;
fourthly, determining the wetland boundary
And (3) respectively carrying out one-factor variance analysis on the indexes obtained in the first step to the third step and the sampling distance, namely carrying out one-factor variance analysis on the plant important value, the soil ion content, the plant biomass, the soil water content and the sampling distance, determining that the index which has a significant difference of p < 0.05 from the sampling distance is an index for judging the boundary of the wetland, and determining the position meeting the index in the swamp wetland sample prescription, namely the boundary of the wetland and the land.
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| CN113821925A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-21 | 北京师范大学 | Wetland dynamic boundary determination method based on three elements of aquatic soil |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN113821925A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-21 | 北京师范大学 | Wetland dynamic boundary determination method based on three elements of aquatic soil |
| CN113821925B (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2023-11-24 | 北京师范大学 | Wetland dynamic boundary determination method based on three elements of aquatic soil |
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