CN110852532A - Natural protected area system integration and boundary delineation method - Google Patents
Natural protected area system integration and boundary delineation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a natural protected area system integration and boundary delineation method, which comprises the following steps: (1) determining a protective land integration merging principle; (2) constructing an ecological suitability, farmland suitability and suitability evaluation index system for the area to be integrated and merged, and carrying out index standardization treatment and weight assignment; calculating the suitability comprehensive index of each land type, constructing a conflict pattern spot suitability land type distinguishing matrix for qualitative evaluation, and drawing a suitability land type spatial layout diagram; (3) selecting an evaluation reference element for protecting ground boundary optimization, (4) evaluating the background characteristics of resources and performing primary aggregation optimization; (5) extracting the existing elements and the resource base polymerization result for intersection optimization according to the characteristics of the protected legacy resources; (6) and (5) linking and coordinating the result with the construction management condition to define a new protected area boundary. The invention can solve the problem of conflict plaques of the natural reserve and form a scientific, reasonable, clear and definite natural reserve boundary.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection and comprehensive utilization of resources, and particularly relates to a natural protected area system integration and boundary delineation method.
Background
The protected area comprises a natural protection area, a scenic spot, a national forest park of a natural forest part and a world natural and cultural heritage area. By the end of 2017, China has 10000 natural reserve which accounts for 18 percent of the area of the China.
However, our country is facing serious population pressures and rapid economic growth that pose serious challenges to the environment and ecosystem. Furthermore, the loss of biodiversity and cultural heritage in protected areas continues due to lack of cost, confusion of administration, law or law enforcement, and administrative interference. Particularly, the current chaotic and disordered hydropower development, tourism development and mineral development make the effectiveness of some important protected areas in China face unprecedented damage and lose danger
As the development of China enters a new historical stage, the remodeling of a natural protected land system is a key link and important exploration in the ecological civilization construction of China, the fundamental purpose is to remove various mechanism system defects causing the management dilemma of the current protected land by taking the natural protected land as a hand grab and a trigger, and the system protection by taking the mountain and water forest field lake grass as a life community is realized again.
Chinese patent publication No. CN110196892A discloses a comprehensive protective land monitoring platform based on the internet of things, which includes: the system comprises a satellite remote sensing monitoring system, a ground site monitoring system, a real-time video monitoring system and a comprehensive management system; the satellite remote sensing monitoring system, the ground station monitoring system and the real-time video monitoring system are all connected with the comprehensive management system; also discloses a comprehensive protective land monitoring method based on the Internet of things, which comprises the following steps: respectively acquiring human activity monitoring results, ecosystem condition monitoring results and real-time video monitoring results, and comprehensively analyzing all the acquired results to form a result report.
Chinese patent publication No. CN109657994A discloses a method and system for evaluating the protection effect of ecological natural protection ground. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring the state of a natural protected area at a first moment and the state of a natural protected area at a second moment; the first moment is the initial stage of the monitoring evaluation period, and the second moment is the final stage of the monitoring evaluation period; acquiring indexes representing the state of the first moment and the state of the second moment; calculating the change rate of various parameters of the protective effect evaluation of the natural conservation place according to the variable of the index; substituting the change rate of each parameter into a corresponding pre-constructed index model to obtain the protection success indexes of various parameter indexes; and summing the protection effect indexes to obtain a comprehensive protection effect value.
The current domestic research is mainly limited to monitoring of protected areas and evaluation of protection effect, but a series of problems exist in protection management aiming at China: the method comprises the problems of external problems caused by the splitting of administrative regions, division and management of departments, isolated land fragmentation of a protected land caused by different protection starting points and logics and management overlapping confusion, and a natural protected land system integration and boundary delineation method is urgently needed to be designed to provide technical support for the construction of a natural protected land system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a natural protection place system integration and boundary delineation method, which solves the problem of natural protection place conflict plaques and forms a scientific, reasonable, clear and definite natural protection place boundary.
A natural conservation place system integration and boundary delineation method comprises the following steps:
(1) determining a protective land integration merging principle;
(2) constructing an ecological suitability, farmland suitability and suitability evaluation index system for the area to be integrated and merged, and carrying out index standardization treatment and weight assignment; calculating the suitability comprehensive index of each land type, constructing a conflict pattern spot suitability land type distinguishing matrix for qualitative evaluation, and drawing a suitability land type spatial layout diagram;
(3) selecting evaluation reference elements for protecting ground boundary optimization, wherein the evaluation reference elements comprise resource background characteristics, legacy resource characteristics and construction management conditions;
(4) evaluating the background characteristics of resources, performing primary aggregation optimization, and determining a primary candidate range of a protected area;
(5) extracting the existing elements and the resource base polymerization result for intersection optimization according to the characteristics of the protected legacy resources to obtain a new screening range;
(6) and (4) linking and coordinating the result with the existing construction management conditions, and comprehensively defining a new protected area boundary.
The method is based on a three-line coordination thought, and grid evaluation of primary candidate region screening of a protective area range is carried out; comprehensively considering resource background characteristics, heritage resource characteristics and construction management conditions, performing vector comprehensive evaluation, performing resource background evaluation and primary aggregation optimization, extracting existing elements of a protected area and resource base clustering results, performing intersection optimization, linking and coordinating existing construction management conditions, and formulating a protected area boundary conflict collaborative optimization scheme.
In the step (1), the protective ground integration and merging principle includes: an adjacent protection ground integration principle, an overlapping region processing principle and a space system integration evaluation principle.
Specifically, protective grounds which are located in the same geographic unit and are adjacent in spatial position are preferentially integrated; preferentially integrating a protective land with continuous and complete ecological system, close ecological process connection and communicated species habitats; preferentially integrating the protected object type attribute with the protected area setting target similar to the protected area setting target; a protection area with excellent common management conditions is preferentially integrated.
After adjacent protection grounds are integrated, the strength of an overlapping area is not reduced, the protection strength of the same level is prior, and the low levels of different levels obey the high level; the area of the overlapped area is not small, and bottom linear control spaces such as a core area, a key ecological nursing area and an ecological red line defining area are preferentially ensured; and (4) setting a priority rule and determining the main guide function of the protected ground after the integration of the overlapping area when the property of the overlapping area is unchanged.
In the step (2), according to different conflict types, an extremum linear standardization method is adopted to carry out index standardization treatment, and the indexes are standardized to be dimensionless numerical values between 0 and 100, and the formula is as follows:
Hi＝(Zi-Zmin)/(Zmax-Zmin)×100
wherein HiIs a normalized value; zi、Zmin、ZmaxRespectively, an index calculation value, an index minimum value and an index maximum value.
And weighting by adopting an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), judging the relative importance of the indexes, the sub-indexes and the sub-index indexes to form a judgment matrix, and calculating the weight value.
Considering the comprehensive effects of restrictive factors, suitability factors and neighborhood influence factors, the suitability comprehensive index calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: siThe suitability of the conflict pattern spot to the ith land is shown, wherein i represents a certain land among ecological land, cultivated land and construction land; ci、Ti、NiRespectively representing the scores of restrictive factors, suitability factors and neighborhood influence factors; c. Ci，jRepresenting the restriction type of the jth restriction factor to the ith land, wherein the value 0 represents that the ith land class is restricted to exist, and the value 1 represents that the ith land class is not restricted to exist; t is ti,kIndicating the suitability degree of the jth suitability factor for the ith land, and t being the forward correlation indexi,kIs the normalized value of the k-th index, for the inverse correlation index, ti,kIs the difference between 100 and the k index normalization value;
a weight representing the kth fitness factor, obtained by an analytic hierarchy process; n isi,lIndicating the degree of influence of the ith neighborhood factor on the ith right of way, for the forward correlation index,the weight of the first neighborhood influence factor is obtained by an analytic hierarchy process; j. k and n represent the number of restriction factors, suitability factors and neighborhood influence factors respectively.
The specific process of drawing the suitable ground class space layout diagram is as follows:
and dividing the qualitative evaluation result into three types of grades of strong competitiveness, medium competitiveness and weak competitiveness by adopting a Natural Break point method (Natural Break), representing the quantity structure of the suitability grade of various land by a statistical chart, representing the distribution characteristics of the competitiveness grade of various land by a space distribution chart, calculating the suitable land type of each conflict graphic spot by using a suitable land type discrimination matrix, merging the classified conflict graphic spots and the original graphic spots, and generating various land distribution charts.
In the step (3), the resource background characteristics include two factors:
① landform units, regarding the relative consistency and completeness of landform units and geological structure units, extracting essential elements that may have an effect on the boundary of the natural reserve land according to the landform conditions and geological conditions.
② natural resource regions, the space distribution situation and the region characteristics of basic natural resources in the attention region, and basic elements which may influence the boundary of the natural conservation land are extracted in three aspects of hydrologic watershed, soil conditions and vegetation conditions.
The heritage resources include three factors:
① ecosystem integrity protection, extracting three spatial elements of ecosystem patch, corridor and substrate to guide and standardize the boundary demarcation of the protected area, the distribution of ecosystem patch concerned with ecological source area, ecological vulnerable area and sensitive area, the ecosystem corridor concerned with water system and other important ecosystem material energy connection channels, the ecosystem substrate concerned with the range boundary of natural environment background enough to support the integrity of one or more core ecosystem.
② protection of species diversity, extracting core plaque and corridor for species protection, ensuring the complexity and integrity of species structure not to be cut and destroyed by boundary of protected area, i.e. vertical or horizontal spectrum is required.
③ characteristic landscape vestige protection, extracting elements which can affect the boundary of the natural protected land from both natural landscape and human landscape, wherein the natural landscape focuses on the intensive distribution area of the characteristic natural vestige and the natural landscape, and considers the inherent connectivity and space difference characteristics between the natural vestige or the natural landscape.
The construction management conditions include two factors:
① continuity of construction management, considering boundary and partition control boundary set by existing protected area, boundary of land ownership in protected area, boundary of natural resource development and operation ownership, boundary of tourism and recreation franchise ownership, administrative boundary and boundary cutting function of high-grade road.
② coordination of construction management, considering the conflict with other types of space control system in the optimization process of the boundary of the protected area, avoiding the serious conflict area from being drawn into the boundary of the protected area or the boundary of the core protection area as much as possible, wherein in the aspect of the current land utilization situation, the setting situations of the construction layout of the villages, the administrative villages and the natural villages inside or around the protected area, the historical cultural relic protection area, the permanent basic farmlands, the ecological protection red line, the mining right and the like can be extracted, and in the aspect of the future national and local space planning, the planning situation of the recent important project and the planning situation of the important management line and the like should be considered.
Selecting an evaluation reference element selection principle for protecting ground boundary optimization;
① vector features the extracted reference elements have well-defined boundary patches, well-oriented line-type galleries, and regions of significant heterogeneity.
②, the extracted reference elements should be generated as much as possible based on the terrain that is relatively stable in space.
③, the extracted reference elements are defined accurately and clearly, have consensus, can be extracted clearly based on the existing geographic space mapping means or the homeland space database, and have mature technical processing methods.
The specific steps of the step (4) are as follows:
dividing the area according to the resource background unit, and comprehensively considering the characteristics of landform, soil and vegetation to enable analysis units of the landform, the soil and the vegetation with similar characteristics to form clusters and grade; dividing the determined protected area into an area PIN located within the original protected area and an area POUT located outside the original protected area, grading the resource background characteristics, and respectively counting the average value of the resource background characteristics of the PIN and the POUT;
according to the similarity of the background features of the resources, all the pattern spots outside the original protected area are classified again into two types, namely potential protected area pattern spots and non-protected area pattern spots, and the preliminary candidate range of the protected area is determined; the similarity is calculated according to the following formula:
in the above formula, VmpValue, V, representing the p-th feature of spot mTpIt is the average of the p-th feature of the PIN or POUT.
In the step (5), the existing elements include a protection object class element and a regulation condition class element;
the protection object type elements are various important natural ecosystems, important wild animal and plant habitats, important geological trails, the distribution quantity of important natural landscapes, protection values and geographical distribution in the protected area. And determining the priority of the feature extraction of the legacy resource of the protected target by combining the main function positioning of the protected area and the core protected target, preferentially ensuring the integrity, the originality, the connectivity and the systematicness of the core protected target, further extracting reference elements from three aspects of the ecological system feature, the important animal and plant distribution feature and the characteristic landscape vestige distribution feature, and performing aggregation, smoothing and secondary optimization on the boundary of the protected area.
The control condition type elements are the spatial distribution and the land use authority information of development and production activities of mineral products, forest farms, pastures, orchards, fishponds and farms in the protection area range. Integrating the construction management basic data, extracting or re-defining a space boundary which has important influence on the protected area space control, and organically linking and coordinating with the adjusted and optimized protected area space boundary.
The step (6) specifically comprises the following aspects:
① collecting the current land utilization information provided by the third land utilization survey in the whole country, overlapping and checking with the space region of the proposed protected area, coordinating the construction land of residential sites, the historical cultural site protected area, the permanent basic farmland, the ecological protection red line, the mining right of the mining right, identifying the conflict area, defining the priority rule and the compatibility control condition in the conflict processing, and optimizing the boundary again.
②, superposing the distribution diagram of the current important road traffic and the linear infrastructure, analyzing the cutting strength and the passing grade of the linear infrastructure passing through the protected area with emphasis, and finely adjusting the boundary of the protected area according to the linear infrastructure with strong cutting limit function.
③ overlapping the preliminary boundary map of the protected area with the territorial space and the important project, excluding the agricultural land, the mineral and the important project as far as possible from the preliminary boundary range of the protected area, and fine-tuning the boundary according to the important regulation line defined in the planning.
And (5) adjusting the screening result in the step (5) through the steps to define a new protection zone boundary.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the natural protection land system integration and boundary demarcation method provided by the invention is used for carrying out grid evaluation of screening of preliminary candidate areas in the protection area range based on a three-line coordination thought according to the construction requirement of a national space development protection system in China, and lays a foundation for making a boundary conflict collaborative optimization scheme.
2. According to the method for integrating the natural protection land system and demarcating the boundary, the ecological land requirement, the cultivated land requirement and the urban development requirement of the conflict graphic spots are evaluated and compared through quantifiable evaluation indexes, the problem of the planning direction of the conflict graphic spots is solved, and powerful technical support is provided for boundary optimization of the natural protection land;
3. the natural protection ground system integration and boundary delineation method is clear, the technology is feasible, the required data information is easy to obtain, and the method provides powerful support for application and popularization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall flow chart of a natural reserve system integration and boundary delineation method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of suitability evaluation and grade division of arable land, construction land and ecological land in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a suitable terrain-based spatial layout in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of protected candidate ranges in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a candidate range diagram formed after overlaying the protected area elements in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the reason classification for removing the pattern spots around the scenic spot of Jiangnang mountain in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a chart illustrating the reason for eliminating the surrounding pattern spots of the Xianxialing natural preservation area according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a classification chart of the cause of pattern spot removal around Xianxia forest park in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the classification of cause of spot removal in the vicinity of a wetland park in a Jiangshan Port according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a diagram of the cause classification of spot removal in the periphery of a golden nail geological relic park in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the classification of the cause of pattern spot removal in the periphery of a floating-cover mountain park according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a spatial distribution diagram of the newly defined protected area and the original protected area according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples, which are intended to facilitate the understanding of the invention without limiting it in any way.
In this embodiment, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 11.
As shown in fig. 1, a natural conservation system integration and boundary delineation method is mainly performed according to the following steps:
and (3) referring to a technical guideline for evaluating resource environment bearing capacity and homeland space development suitability of the natural resource department, defining reference bases for different boundaries, and performing detailed research and analysis on boundary conflict types and characteristics of the reference bases, and selecting differentiation indexes according to different conflict types and by combining accessibility of river mountain city data. Specifically, as shown in tables 1,2, and 3 below, table 1 is an ecological suitability evaluation index system, table 2 is a farmland suitability evaluation index system, and table 3 is a construction land suitability evaluation index system.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
And (3) carrying out index standardization treatment on various measurement units of the land competitiveness evaluation index score, and standardizing the indexes into dimensionless numerical values between 0 and 100. Typically, extreme linear normalization is used, and the normalization formula is as follows:
Hi＝(Zi-Zmin)/(Zmax-Zmin)×100
wherein HiIs a normalized value; zi、Zmin、ZmaxRespectively, an index calculation value, an index minimum value and an index maximum value.
And (3) judging the relative importance of the index, the sub-index and the sub-index by adopting an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to form a judgment matrix, and calculating the weight value. Using analytic hierarchy methods, it is required that the decision matrix must pass a consistency check.
And (3) considering the restrictive factors, the suitability factors and the neighborhood influence factors to calculate the comprehensive index of suitability of various land, wherein the formula is as follows:
in the formula: siThe suitability of the conflict pattern spot for the ith land type, wherein i represents a certain land among ecological land, cultivated land and construction land;
Ci、Ti、Ni-representing the restriction factor, suitability factor, neighborhood influencing factor score, respectively;
ci，j-the jth restriction factor is a binary variable with a value of 0 or 1 for the restriction type of the ith right. The value 0 represents that the ith land is limited to exist, and the value 1 represents that the ith land is not limited to exist;
ti，k-suitability degree of jth suitability factor for ith plot, for forward correlation index, ti，kNormalized value of the k-th index, t for the inverse correlation indexi，k(100-normalized value of the k-th index);
ni，l-degree of influence of the 1 st neighborhood factor on the ith plot, for the forward correlation index, ti，kNormalized value of the k-th index, t for the inverse correlation indexi，k(100-normalized value of the k-th index);
j. k, n-represent the number of restriction factors, fitness factors and neighborhood impact factors, respectively.
And (4) qualitatively evaluating the suitable land types of the conflict pattern spots by adopting a conflict pattern spot suitable land type distinguishing matrix, wherein the table 4 is a suitable land type distinguishing matrix.
TABLE 4
The suitability of each land is calculated, and the evaluation result is divided into three types of grades of strong competitiveness, medium competitiveness and weak competitiveness by a Natural Break point method (Natural Break), as shown in figure 2. The number structure of the suitability levels of various land is represented by a statistical chart, and the distribution characteristics of the competitive levels of various land are represented by a spatial distribution chart. And calculating the suitable land type of each conflict pattern spot by using the suitable land type distinguishing matrix, merging the classified conflict pattern spots and the original pattern spots to generate various land use distribution maps, and referring to fig. 3.
And 2, selecting an evaluation reference element for protecting ground boundary optimization, wherein the evaluation reference element for protecting ground boundary optimization comprises a resource background characteristic, a legacy resource characteristic and a construction management condition, and is specifically shown in the following table 5.
TABLE 5
And 3, dividing the area according to the resource background unit, and comprehensively considering the features of the landform, the soil and the vegetation, so that the analysis units of the landform, the soil and the vegetation with similar features can form clusters to perform resource background evaluation and primary aggregation optimization.
①, the units of the forestry survey are selected as basic statistical units to classify or grade the relief conditions, soil conditions and vegetation conditions of each unit.
② the above unit regions are optimized for integration by superimposing the results of the analysis of soil conditions.
③ the result of the analysis and aggregation of the vegetation conditions is superposed to carry out the integrated optimization of the unit areas.
④, dividing the defined protection area into two parts, namely a PIN area and a POUT area, assigning 1,2,3,4,5 to the grades of the features of the resource background according to the sequence from low to low, assigning non-grade attributes such as the classification attribute is 1,2,3 … n instead, and counting the average value of the features of the PIN and the POUT resource background respectively.
⑤ according to the similarity of the background features of the resources, reclassifying all the patches outside the original protected area into two categories, namely potential protected area patches and unprotected area patches, the similarity is calculated according to the following formula:
in the above formula VmpValue, V, representing the p-th feature of spot mTpIs PIN orAverage of p-th features of POU. Then, for the currently examined patch m, the similarities with the PIN and the POU are respectively calculated, the similarity is high as the classification basis of the currently examined patch m, and the newly screened protected candidate range C1 is shown in fig. 4.
And 4, extracting the existing protected elements and the resource base clustering result to perform intersection optimization.
Combining the concrete conditions of the scenic spot of the Jianglang mountain and the availability of data, superposing the following protective area elements and the resource background:
1) originally demarcated various types of protection land boundaries, including Jiangnan mountain scenic spots, Jiangshan harbor wetland parks, golden nail natural protection areas, Xiancelin natural protection, Xiancelin forest parks and floating cover mountain geological parks;
2) natural heritage (Jiangshan urban region edge geological heritage, urban north geological heritage, Jianglang mountain land geological heritage, floating cover mountain geological heritage), human landscape (the first-level, second-level, third-level and fourth-level human landscape sources determined in the existing Jianglang mountain country level landscape scenic spot total planning text) and historical cultural heritage;
3) pattern spots with important ecological value and for maintaining ecological safety: extracting pattern spots and important water source places with forest land coverage of more than 65, highest protection level and complete community structure in forestry investigation data;
4) areas with intact species colony structure (replaced by vegetation colony integrity); combining the above elements 1), 2), 3) with the candidate range, and intersecting the combined candidate range with the spot screened in 4) to obtain a new screening range C2, as shown in fig. 5.
And 5, linking and coordinating the analysis result with the existing construction management conditions, and comprehensively defining a new protected area boundary.
1) Combining the second-adjustment land utilization survey data, if the intersection of the pattern spots and mining right land, city, town building, hydraulic construction land, facility farming land, tea garden and orchard land is investigated, the pattern spots are removed from the protective geographical range to form a new screening range C3;
2) eliminating the natural resource management right area (replaced by the forest right) owned by the individual to form a new screening range C4;
3) removing the small independent pattern spots generated in the steps or ensuring the connectivity of the pattern spots as much as possible to form a new screening range C5, wherein the number of the pattern spots in the pattern spot cluster is less than 10;
4) and (4) considering the enclosure and cutting conditions of important road traffic, river lines and administrative region boundaries, and eliminating the patches by adopting a manual distinguishing mode. For example, plaques distributed along a long and narrow main road are susceptible to traffic environment and should be eliminated; the patch area is small, and the patch covers a plurality of administrative areas, which brings difficulty to management and needs to be removed; and removing the pattern spot island formed by the girdling of the river and the administrative area boundary.
FIGS. 6-11 show the screening process of the spots around the existing protected area in Jiangshan city, wherein FIG. 6 is the classification of the cause of eliminating the spots around the Yangshan landscape; FIG. 7 is a chart of the cause of spot removal around Xiancelin natural preservation area; FIG. 8 is a classification of elimination reasons of surrounding patches of Xianxia forest park; FIG. 9 is a diagram of the reason classification of the spot removal in the periphery of a wetland park in a Jiangshan harbor; FIG. 10 is a diagram of the reason classification of the removal of the pattern spots around the geological relic park with gold nails; FIG. 11 is a chart of reason classification of spot removal in the periphery of a floating-cover mountain park.
After the screening, a new protection area is finally formed, as shown in fig. 12.
The embodiments described above are intended to illustrate the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, additions and equivalents made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A natural conservation place system integration and boundary delineation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) determining a protective land integration merging principle;
(2) constructing an ecological suitability, farmland suitability and suitability evaluation index system for the area to be integrated and merged, and carrying out index standardization treatment and weight assignment; calculating the suitability comprehensive index of each land type, constructing a conflict pattern spot suitability land type distinguishing matrix for qualitative evaluation, and drawing a suitability land type spatial layout diagram;
(3) selecting evaluation reference elements for protecting ground boundary optimization, wherein the evaluation reference elements comprise resource background characteristics, legacy resource characteristics and construction management conditions;
(4) evaluating the background characteristics of resources, performing primary aggregation optimization, and determining a primary candidate range of a protected area;
(5) extracting the existing elements and the resource base polymerization result for intersection optimization according to the characteristics of the protected legacy resources to obtain a new screening range;
(6) and (4) linking and coordinating the result with the existing construction management conditions, and comprehensively defining a new protected area boundary.
2. The natural protection system integration and boundary delineation method according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the integrated merging principle of protection specifically comprises: an adjacent protection ground integration principle, an overlapping region processing principle and a space system integration evaluation principle.
3. The natural protection land system integration and boundary delineation method of claim 1, wherein in step (2), an extremum linear normalization method is adopted to perform index normalization, and the normalization is a dimensionless number between 0 and 100, and the formula is as follows:
Hi＝(Zi-Zmin)/(Zmax-Zmin)×100
wherein HiIs a normalized value; zi、Zmin、ZmaxRespectively, an index calculation value, an index minimum value and an index maximum value.
4. The natural protection land system integration and boundary delineation method of claim 1, wherein in step (2), an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is adopted to assign weights, and the relative importance of the index, the sub-index and the sub-index is judged to form a judgment matrix and calculate the weights.
5. The natural conservation system integration and boundary delineation method of claim 1, wherein in step (2), the suitability combination index calculation formula is:
in the formula: siThe suitability of the conflict pattern spot to the ith land is shown, wherein i represents a certain land among ecological land, cultivated land and construction land; ci、Ti、NiRespectively representing the scores of restrictive factors, suitability factors and neighborhood influence factors; c. Ci,jRepresenting the restriction type of the jth restriction factor to the ith land, wherein the value 0 represents that the ith land class is restricted to exist, and the value 1 represents that the ith land class is not restricted to exist; t is ti,kIndicating the suitability degree of the jth suitability factor for the ith land, and t being the forward correlation indexi,kIs the normalized value of the k-th index, for the inverse correlation index, ti,kIs the difference between 100 and the k index normalization value;
a weight representing the kth fitness factor, obtained by an analytic hierarchy process; n isi,lIndicating the degree of influence of the ith neighborhood factor on the ith right of way, for the forward correlation index,
the weight of the first neighborhood influence factor is obtained by an analytic hierarchy process; j. k and n represent the number of restriction factors, suitability factors and neighborhood influence factors respectively.
6. The natural conservation system integration and boundary delineation method of claim 2, wherein in the step (2), the specific process of drawing the suitable geospatial layout map comprises:
a natural breakpoint method is adopted to divide a qualitative evaluation result into three types of grades of strong competitiveness, medium competitiveness and weak competitiveness, a quantity structure of the suitability grade of various land is represented through a statistical chart, distribution characteristics of the competitiveness grade of various land are represented through a space distribution chart, a suitable land type of each conflict pattern spot is calculated through a suitable land type distinguishing matrix, the classified conflict pattern spots and the original pattern spots are merged, and the distribution chart of various land is generated.
7. The natural conservation system integration and boundary delineation method of claim 1, wherein the specific steps of step (4) are as follows:
dividing the area according to the resource background unit, and comprehensively considering the characteristics of landform, soil and vegetation to enable analysis units of the landform, the soil and the vegetation with similar characteristics to form clusters and grade; dividing the determined protected area into an area PIN located within the original protected area and an area POUT located outside the original protected area, grading the resource background characteristics, and respectively counting the average value of the resource background characteristics of the PIN and the POUT;
according to the similarity of the background features of the resources, all the pattern spots outside the original protected area are classified again into two types, namely potential protected area pattern spots and non-protected area pattern spots, and the preliminary candidate range of the protected area is determined; the similarity is calculated according to the following formula:
in the above formula, VmpValue, V, representing the p-th feature of spot mTpIt is the average of the p-th feature of the PIN or POUT.
8. The natural protection system integration and boundary delineation method of claim 1, wherein in step (5), the existing elements comprise a protection object class element and a regulation condition class element;
the protection object type elements are various important natural ecosystems, important wild animal and plant habitats, important geological trails, the distribution quantity of important natural landscapes, protection values and geographical distribution in the protected area; the control condition type elements are the spatial distribution and the land use authority information of development and production activities of mineral products, forest farms, pastures, orchards, fishponds and farms in the protection area range.
9. The natural protection system integrating and delimiting method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific process of step (6) is:
and (5) collecting the current land utilization information provided in the third land utilization survey in China, carrying out superposition check on the current land utilization information and the space region of the proposed protection land, adjusting the screening result in the step (5), and delimiting a new protection area boundary.
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