CN112985453A - Simulation method for error term of active optical system of optical remote sensing camera - Google Patents
Simulation method for error term of active optical system of optical remote sensing camera Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation method of an error item of an active optical system of an optical remote sensing camera, and relates to the technical field of integrated simulation of optical remote sensing cameras. The active optics adopts an active correction technology in order to solve the problem of imaging quality reduction caused by factors such as emission vibration, gravity release, temperature change and the like, and the simulation method and accuracy of an error term in the simulation process influence the simulation precision of an active optical system. The invention integrates the optical model, the dynamic model, the control algorithm model and the error item line set into light, machine and control integrated simulation after operation, and the system wave aberration meets the requirement through continuous iteration. The invention considers various errors involved in the active optical correction process of the optical camera into the active optical integrated simulation, compared with the existing ideal simplified model, the simulation method of the invention is closer to the actual process, and the simulation result has stronger reference value for the design process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical remote sensing camera integrated simulation, in particular to a simulation method of an error item of an active optical system of an optical remote sensing camera.
Background
With the continuous development of the optical remote sensing imaging technology, a space optical remote sensing system becomes more and more complex and develops towards the direction of large caliber, large view field and high resolution, the difficulty of corresponding processing, manufacturing, supporting and adjusting is more and more great, the interference of emission, gravity environment and temperature factors is easily caused in the actual imaging process, the observation performance is seriously influenced, and the active optical correction technology is a key technology for realizing that an optical remote sensing camera can still perform high-quality imaging under the complicated and changeable external conditions; the active optics takes image quality detection as an evaluation standard and a feedback channel, and actively adjusts system wave aberration by adjusting mirror surface shapes, reflector postures and the like, so that the imaging quality is improved to a design level, a plurality of examples of active optical correction adopted by an international optical remote sensing camera are available, a single-mirror active optics precedent example exists, the use cases of splicing mirror active optics are more and more along with the increase of the caliber, generally, active optical correction technology has more mature cases on a foundation project, space active optics has no on-orbit case at present, but becomes a research hotspot and a future trend, and the space active optics, whether foundation or space active optics, needs to undergo a large amount of ground simulation and tests and needs to be intensively researched.
The existing simulation precision mainly depends on various error items in the active optical correction process, so the simulation of various error items in the simulation is particularly important, and the error items in the active optical correction process mainly comprise: optical design residual error, processing surface shape error, system installation and adjustment residual error, error caused by gravity environment change, error caused by thermal environment change and error of each module in the active optical correction process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a simulation method of an error item of an active optical system of an optical remote sensing camera, which solves the problem that the simulation precision provided in the background technology mainly depends on various error items in the active optical correction process, so that the simulation of various error items in the simulation is particularly important, and the error items in the active optical correction process mainly comprise: optical design residual error, processing surface shape error, system installation and adjustment residual error, error caused by gravity environment change, error caused by thermal environment change, error of each module in the active optical correction process and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a simulation method of an error item of an active optical system of an optical remote sensing camera comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: establishing a camera optical model, and determining an optical design residual error;
step two: determining a mirror machining error simulation method and determining the machining surface shape error of each mirror;
step three: determining a system installation and adjustment residual error, wherein the system installation and adjustment residual error is rigid displacement of each reflector caused by installation and adjustment;
step four: establishing a camera structure model and a finite element model, and calculating rigid body displacement and surface shape change of each reflector due to gravity and thermal environment change;
step five: establishing an optical system wavefront sensing algorithm model, and randomly adding a wavefront error to the obtained point spread function;
step six: establishing an active optical correction value solving algorithm model, and randomly increasing resolving errors for the field of view;
step seven: establishing a camera rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model, calculating a model transfer function, establishing a six-degree-of-freedom active optical actuator control algorithm model, and randomly increasing a control error for each degree-of-freedom adjustment quantity;
step eight: and carrying out integrated simulation calculation on the optical model, the dynamic model, the control algorithm model and each error item, and carrying out iteration according to the calculation result.
Optionally, in the step one, the optical design residual is a wave aberration from each mirror surface to the imaging focal plane.
Optionally, the simulation method for determining the processing error of the reflector in the second step simulates the processing surface shape error of each reflector in a zernike coefficient or rise form, and establishes a zernike coefficient or rise model to determine the processing surface shape error of each reflector.
Optionally, the system setup residual is determined in step three, and rigid body displacement of each mirror due to the setup is determined in a tolerance distribution manner.
Optionally, in the fourth step, the rigid body displacement and the surface zernike coefficient of each mirror are calculated, where the rigid body displacement and the surface zernike coefficient of each mirror are calculated according to the change of gravity environment, and the rigid body displacement and the surface zernike coefficient of each mirror are calculated according to the change of in-orbit thermal environment.
Optionally, the optical model in the first step is designed and simulated by using optical software Code V or Zemax.
Optionally, the finite element model in step four is modeled and solved by using MSC.
The invention provides a simulation method of an error term of an active optical system of an optical remote sensing camera, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. in the invention, various errors of the optical camera from the ground to the on-orbit state and errors existing in the active optical correction process are considered, including but not limited to the errors, so that the active optical correction process is simulated more comprehensively and accurately;
2. in the invention, the processing surface shape error of each reflector is simulated through a Zernike coefficient form or a rise form, so that the processing surface shape error can be simulated more simply and closer to the actual condition;
3. the invention comprehensively considers the influence of the module error of the actuating mechanism on the adjustment quantity of each degree of freedom, thereby simplifying the simulation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an error term simulation method of an active optical system of an optical remote sensing camera according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the results of a wavefront sensing field of view and a focus spread function according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the results of a wavefront sensor field of view from a focal point spread function in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the active optical calibration process of the optical remote sensing camera according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a technical solution: a simulation method of an error item of an active optical system of an optical remote sensing camera comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: establishing a camera optical model, and determining an optical design residual error; and establishing a camera optical model in optical software Code V or Zemax, wherein the optical model is an optical model from each optical reflector to an imaging focal plane, and the wave aberration of the optical system at the moment is calculated to be an optical design residual error.
Step two: determining a mirror machining error simulation method and determining the machining surface shape error of each mirror; the method comprises the steps of determining a mirror machining error simulation method, simulating each mirror machining surface shape error in a Zernike coefficient or rise form, establishing a Zernike coefficient or rise model, determining each mirror machining surface shape error, determining a mirror surface machining error distribution rule according to the existing mirrors, and constructing each mirror machining surface shape error by using software MATLAB.
Step three: determining a system installation and adjustment residual error, wherein the system installation and adjustment residual error is rigid displacement of each reflector caused by installation and adjustment; and determining system adjustment residual errors according to tolerance distribution, and performing tolerance analysis by using optical software CODE V or Zemax to determine rigid body displacement of each reflector caused by adjustment.
Step four: establishing a camera structure model and a finite element model, and calculating rigid body displacement and surface shape change of each reflector due to gravity and thermal environment change; calculating the rigid body displacement and the surface-shaped Zernike coefficients of each reflector, wherein the rigid body displacement and the surface-shaped Zernike coefficients of each reflector are caused by the change of a gravity environment, and the rigid body displacement and the surface-shaped Zernike coefficients of each reflector are caused by the change of an in-orbit thermal environment; the method comprises the specific operation modes that a three-dimensional structure model and a finite element model of a camera are established by utilizing three-dimensional design software UG and finite element analysis software MSC.Patran and MSC.Nastran respectively, working condition loading is carried out in the finite element software according to actual constraint states and boundary conditions, displacement of mirror surface nodes of each reflector is calculated, the working condition changes generally comprise gravity environment, thermal environment changes and the like, and an optical machine integration tool sigfit is utilized to respectively fit the mirror surface nodes to obtain rigid body displacement of each reflector caused by changes of the ground and the on-orbit environment of the camera, surface shapes expressed by Zernike polynomials, and rigid body displacement and surface shape Zernike coefficients of each reflector caused by changes of the on-orbit thermal environment.
Step five: establishing an optical system wavefront sensing algorithm model, and randomly adding a wavefront error to the obtained point spread function; an optical system wavefront sensing algorithm model is established in MATLAB, and a Phase Difference (PD) algorithm is adopted for wavefront sensing and is mainly used for resolving a system aberration Zernike coefficient of a camera in an interference state. The input of the wavefront sensing needs to use software MATLAB to drive optical software to respectively acquire a convergent focus diffusion function and a defocusing point diffusion function image for the same star point target, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. Because a certain difference exists between actually acquired in-focus and out-of-focus image data and in-focus and out-of-focus point diffusion function data acquired by optical software, and the difference affects wave front calculation precision, in order to facilitate calculation, in-focus and out-of-focus images need to be converted into a matrix representation form, and a certain amount of error is randomly added to the acquired point diffusion function according to experience, wherein the error is called as a wave front error.
Step six: establishing an active optical correction value solving algorithm model, and randomly increasing resolving errors for the field of view; an optical system active optical correction value solving algorithm model is established in MATLAB, and as the sensitivity matrix in the model is data obtained by the central positions of four wavefront sensing view fields, the sensitivity matrix in the model is not necessarily exactly positioned at the central positions of all the view fields during acquisition, a certain amount of error can be randomly added to the view fields according to experience, the error is called a resolving error, and the adjustment of a reflector can be resolved by the active optical adjustment value resolving model.
Step seven: establishing a camera rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model, calculating a model transfer function, establishing a six-degree-of-freedom active optical actuator control algorithm model, and randomly increasing a control error for each degree-of-freedom adjustment quantity; according to the characteristics of the structural model, a camera rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model is established, active optical adjustment requires accurate movement of the reflector according to the adjustment quantity, as shown in fig. 4, a six-degree-of-freedom adjusting mechanism at the back of the reflector is used for driving the reflector to perform active correction, therefore, a six-foot adjusting mechanism transfer function needs to be calculated to obtain an adjusting mechanism amplitude-frequency curve and a phase-frequency curve, and a six-degree-of-freedom active optical executing mechanism control algorithm model is established on the basis for driving the adjusting mechanism. The calculated adjustment quantity required to be realized by the reflector needs to be converted into the extension or shortening quantity of the supporting leg of the six-foot adjusting platform for adjustment, so that the reflector is driven to realize the required posture adjustment quantity.
Step eight: carrying out integrated simulation calculation on the optical model, the dynamic model, the control algorithm model and each error item, and carrying out iteration according to a calculation result; integrating an optical model, a dynamic model and a control algorithm model under an ISIGHT platform by using various software interface programs to form light, machine and control integrated simulation, bringing various error items into the optical model to obtain a detuning optical system, carrying out wave-front calculation on the detuning optical system, solving an adjustment quantity, realizing the adjustment quantity through a six-foot control model and a six-degree-of-freedom adjusting mechanism, and enabling the wave aberration of the detuning optical system to reach a required level through multiple iterations.
The error term in the active optical correction process simulated by the embodiment is an error term in a primary complete active optical correction process of the optical remote sensing camera, and includes but is not limited to the above errors, and other error simulation methods are similar to the above errors and finally need to be integrated under the ISIGHT platform.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A simulation method of an error item of an active optical system of an optical remote sensing camera comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: establishing a camera optical model, and determining an optical design residual error;
step two: determining a mirror machining error simulation method and determining the machining surface shape error of each mirror;
step three: determining a system installation and adjustment residual error, wherein the system installation and adjustment residual error is rigid displacement of each reflector caused by installation and adjustment;
step four: establishing a camera structure model and a finite element model, and calculating rigid body displacement and surface shape change of each reflector due to gravity and thermal environment change;
step five: establishing an optical system wavefront sensing algorithm model, and randomly adding a wavefront error to the obtained point spread function;
step six: establishing an active optical correction value solving algorithm model, and randomly increasing resolving errors for the field of view;
step seven: establishing a camera rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model, calculating a model transfer function, establishing a six-degree-of-freedom active optical actuator control algorithm model, and randomly increasing a control error for each degree-of-freedom adjustment quantity;
step eight: and carrying out integrated simulation calculation on the optical model, the dynamic model, the control algorithm model and the error items, and carrying out iteration according to the calculation result.
2. The method for simulating the error term of the active optical system of the optical remote sensing camera according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the optical design residual in the first step is the wave aberration from the mirror surface of each reflector to the imaging focal plane.
3. The method for simulating the error term of the active optical system of the optical remote sensing camera according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and step two, determining a reflector machining error simulation method, simulating each reflector machining surface shape error in a Zernike coefficient or rise form, establishing a Zernike coefficient or rise model, and determining each reflector machining surface shape error.
4. The method for simulating the error term of the active optical system of the optical remote sensing camera according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and determining system installation residual errors in the third step, and determining rigid displacement of each reflector caused by installation in a tolerance distribution mode.
5. The method for simulating the error term of the active optical system of the optical remote sensing camera according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fourth step, the rigid body displacement and the surface-shaped zernike coefficients of each reflector are calculated, wherein the rigid body displacement and the surface-shaped zernike coefficients of each reflector are caused by gravity environment change, and the rigid body displacement and the surface-shaped zernike coefficients of each reflector are caused by on-orbit thermal environment change.
6. The method for simulating the error term of the active optical system of the optical remote sensing camera according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and designing and simulating the optical model in the first step by adopting optical software Code V or Zemax.
7. The method for simulating the error term of the active optical system of the optical remote sensing camera according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the finite element model in the fourth step is modeled and solved by adopting MSC, Patran and MSC/NASTRAN.
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| CN114878145A (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2022-08-09 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Method and system for evaluating optical transfer function influence based on temperature distortion value |
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| CN114878145A (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2022-08-09 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Method and system for evaluating optical transfer function influence based on temperature distortion value |
| CN114878145B (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2023-01-03 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Method and system for evaluating optical transfer function influence based on temperature distortion value |
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Application publication date: 20210618 |