CN112985353B - Cable anti-settlement displacement monitoring method and system based on electromagnetic detection - Google Patents
Cable anti-settlement displacement monitoring method and system based on electromagnetic detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN112985353B CN112985353B CN202110550916.4A CN202110550916A CN112985353B CN 112985353 B CN112985353 B CN 112985353B CN 202110550916 A CN202110550916 A CN 202110550916A CN 112985353 B CN112985353 B CN 112985353B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cable anti-settlement displacement monitoring method and a system based on electromagnetic detection, which comprises the following steps: setting a calibration magnetic steel unit; setting a magnetic field monitoring unit, and detecting the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit; one of the calibration magnetic steel unit and the magnetic field monitoring unit is positioned on the cable, and the other one is positioned on the wall of the cable well; collecting the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit and calculating the real-time displacement information of the cable; and comparing the real-time displacement information with the initial displacement information, judging whether the real-time displacement information exceeds a preset range, and if so, sending an alarm. The method and the system can detect the position information of the calibrated magnetic steel unit through the magnetic field monitoring unit and calculate the real-time displacement information of the cable, thereby judging whether the cable generates displacement settlement or not; if the displacement subsides, then send the alarm, inform the staff to overhaul, realize real-time supervision, reduce the maintenance cost, and the rate of accuracy is high, can discover the potential safety hazard in advance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cable monitoring, in particular to a cable anti-settlement displacement monitoring method and system based on electromagnetic detection.
Background
In the current electrified era, power cables are widely distributed in all corners of life, cable settlement can damage a protective shell of the cable to cause electric leakage, and personal electric shock casualty accidents occur; the cable is stretched after the settlement, so that the cable line is heated, a fire disaster is caused, and huge property loss and life danger are caused; in severe cases, long-time power failure and line rush repair in the area can be directly caused, and huge economic loss is caused. The reasons for the cable settlement and displacement are many, such as: when the cable normally runs, displacement may be caused by disturbance and extrusion of surrounding construction soil; or the cable joint is not tight enough, the contact resistance on the lead lining is overlarge, the cable insulation is damped and the water inflow is slow, so that the resistance is gradually reduced, and the cable generates heat during operation to cause stretching; in addition, when the cable passes through a tall building, the foundation is overloaded, the cable is settled due to the sinking of the foundation, or the cable is displaced due to the stretching of the cable by excessive tension caused by geological disasters.
Therefore, displacement monitoring is carried out on the cable, the cable is prevented from settling, and the safe operation of the cable is guaranteed. The traditional cable displacement monitoring mainly depends on manual setting of reference lines and marks for monitoring, and workers can judge whether the operation condition of the cable is normal or not in sequence during regular safety visits, and the cable displacement monitoring system has the main advantages that the reliability of the result of manual judgment is high, observation is simple, and extra equipment is not needed for monitoring; the defects are that the labor cost is high, the well is inconvenient to open, and the real-time monitoring cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect that cable displacement monitoring in the prior art depends on manual patrol, and provides a cable anti-settlement displacement monitoring method and system based on electromagnetic detection.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a cable anti-settlement displacement monitoring method based on electromagnetic detection comprises the following steps:
setting a calibration magnetic steel unit;
setting a magnetic field monitoring unit, and detecting the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit; one of the calibration magnetic steel unit and the magnetic field monitoring unit is positioned on the cable, and the other one is positioned on the wall of the cable well;
collecting the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit and calculating the real-time displacement information of the cable;
comparing the real-time displacement information with the initial displacement information, judging whether the real-time displacement information exceeds a preset range, and if the real-time displacement information exceeds the initial displacement information, sending an alarm;
the position information comprises the magnetic field intensity and the magnetic line angle of the calibration magnetic steel unit;
the step of detecting the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit comprises:
detecting the magnetic field intensity and the magnetic line angle of the calibration magnetic steel unit through a three-axis magnetic sensor;
the strength value of the triaxial magnetic field of the initial position A of the calibration magnetic steel unit is (X)A,YA,ZA) The initial position A is used as an origin coordinate;
the three-axis magnetic field intensity value of the detection position B detected by the magnetic field monitoring unit is (X)B,YB,ZB) The distance amount of the space coordinate of the detection position B relative to the initial position A is
；
The initial coordinate of the initial position A is set as MAThe space coordinate of the detection position B based on the initial position A is set as MBSetting as follows:
obtaining the vector mode length between the initial position A and the detection position B of the calibration magnetic steel unit:
obtaining a vector angle between an initial position A and a detection position B of the calibration magnetic steel unit:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the attenuation coefficient of the magnetic force line of the X axis,
is the attenuation coefficient of the magnetic force line of the Y axis,
the attenuation coefficient of the magnetic force line of the Z axis is defined, and the attenuation of the magnetic force line means that the intensity of the magnetic force line is weakened along with the distance between the magnetic force line and the magnetic substance; the proportional relation between the intensity of the magnetic force lines and the distance is the attenuation coefficient of the magnetic force lines, and the attenuation coefficients of the magnetic force lines in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction refer to the attenuation conditions of the intensity of the magnetic force lines in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction respectively.
Preferably, the step of collecting the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit and calculating the real-time displacement information of the cable comprises:
sending the vector mode length between the initial position A and the detection position B of the calibration magnetic steel unit at fixed time
Angle of sum vector
；
According to the received vector modular length
Angle of sum vector
And calculating real-time displacement information of the cable.
Preferably, the step of collecting the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit and calculating the real-time displacement information of the cable further comprises:
collecting a current waveform when the cable runs, wherein the abscissa of the waveform is time, and the ordinate is voltage;
and when the ordinate voltage of the current waveform of the cable is judged to be 0, acquiring the detected position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit.
Preferably, the step of collecting the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit and calculating the real-time displacement information of the cable further comprises:
the real-time displacement information of set times is acquired and calculated within set time, the acquired real-time displacement information is screened through a preset screening strategy, and the average value of the screened real-time displacement information is obtained.
A cable anti-settlement displacement monitoring system based on electromagnetic detection comprises:
calibrating the magnetic steel unit;
the magnetic field monitoring unit is used for detecting the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit; one of the calibration magnetic steel unit and the magnetic field monitoring unit is positioned on the cable, and the other one is positioned on the wall of the cable well;
the displacement calculation unit is electrically connected with the magnetic field monitoring unit and is used for acquiring the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit and calculating the real-time displacement information of the cable;
the server is used for comparing the real-time displacement information with the initial displacement information, judging whether the real-time displacement information exceeds a preset range or not and sending an alarm;
the position information comprises the magnetic field intensity and the magnetic line angle of the calibration magnetic steel unit, the magnetic field monitoring unit comprises a three-axis magnetic sensor, and the magnetic field intensity and the magnetic line angle of the calibration magnetic steel unit are detected by the three-axis magnetic sensor;
the detecting the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit comprises:
the strength value of the triaxial magnetic field of the initial position A of the calibration magnetic steel unit is (X)A,YA,ZA) The initial position A is used as an origin coordinate;
the three-axis magnetic field intensity value of the detection position B detected by the magnetic field monitoring unit is (X)B,YB,ZB) The distance amount of the space coordinate of the detection position B relative to the initial position A is
；
The initial coordinate of the initial position A is set as MAThe space coordinate of the detection position B based on the initial position A is set as MBSetting as follows:
obtaining the vector mode length between the initial position A and the detection position B of the calibration magnetic steel unit:
obtaining a vector angle between an initial position A and a detection position B of the calibration magnetic steel unit:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the attenuation coefficient of the magnetic force line of the X axis,
is the attenuation coefficient of the magnetic force line of the Y axis,
the attenuation coefficient of the magnetic force line of the Z axis is defined, and the attenuation of the magnetic force line means that the intensity of the magnetic force line is weakened along with the distance between the magnetic force line and the magnetic substance; the proportional relation between the intensity of the magnetic force lines and the distance is the attenuation coefficient of the magnetic force lines, and the three-axis attenuation coefficient of the magnetic force refers to the attenuation conditions of the intensity of the magnetic force lines in the directions of the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis respectively.
Preferably, the displacement calculation unit further comprises a collecting circuit for collecting a current waveform when the cable runs; and when the displacement calculation unit judges that the ordinate voltage of the current waveform of the cable is 0, the displacement calculation unit collects the detected position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit.
Preferably, the server comprises a cloud platform, and the displacement calculation unit is in signal transmission with the cloud platform through a communication unit; and the communication unit transmits the real-time displacement information of the cable to a cloud platform through a wired network or a wireless network.
Preferably, the calibration magnetic steel unit is fixed on the wall of the cable well through a screw, and correspondingly, the magnetic field monitoring unit is installed on the outer protective shell of the cable; or the calibration magnetic steel unit is fixed on the outer protecting shell of the cable through a hoop or a binding band, and correspondingly, the magnetic field monitoring unit is installed on the wall of the cable well;
the initial horizontal distance between the calibration magnetic steel unit and the magnetic field monitoring unit is 2cm-4 cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method and the system provided by the technical scheme, the calibration magnetic steel unit and the magnetic field monitoring unit are respectively arranged on the cable and the wall of the cable well, the cable well is of a fixed structure, and if the cable is subjected to displacement settlement, the relative position of the calibration magnetic steel unit and the magnetic field monitoring unit can be changed, so that the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit can be detected through the magnetic field monitoring unit, the real-time displacement information of the cable is calculated, and whether the cable is subjected to displacement settlement or not is judged; if the displacement subsides, then send the alarm, inform the staff to overhaul, realize real-time supervision, reduce the maintenance cost, and the rate of accuracy is high, can discover the potential safety hazard in advance.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a monitoring method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an acquisition circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. calibrating the magnetic steel unit; 2. A magnetic field monitoring unit; 3. A displacement calculation unit;
4. a communication unit; 5. A server; 6. A cable;
7. a cable shaft wall.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cable anti-settling displacement monitoring method based on electromagnetic detection, including:
step 101: setting a calibration magnetic steel unit 1; a magnetic field monitoring unit 2 is arranged to detect the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit 1; one of the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 and the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 is positioned on the cable 6, and the other is positioned on the cable well wall 7.
In practical application, the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 can be a permanent magnet and stably disperses a magnetic field. The calibration magnetic steel unit 1 can be arranged on the wall 7 of the cable well, and correspondingly, the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 is arranged on the cable 6; or, the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 is arranged on the cable 6, and correspondingly, the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 is arranged on the cable well wall 7; the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 and the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 are subjected to relative displacement when the cable 6 is subjected to displacement settlement.
Specifically, the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 disperses a stable magnetic field, if the cable 6 is displaced, the position of the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 in the magnetic field also changes, and the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 located in the magnetic field determines the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 by detecting the magnetic field intensity of the calibration magnetic steel unit 1. The relative displacement of the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 and the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 is based on the displacement in a three-dimensional space, including horizontal displacement, vertical displacement and rotational displacement, and corresponds to the magnetic field, and then the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 includes the magnetic field intensity and the magnetic line angle of the calibration magnetic steel unit 1. Therefore, the step of detecting the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 includes: the magnetic field intensity and the magnetic line angle of the calibrated magnetic steel unit 1 are detected by the triaxial magnetic sensor.
The three-axis magnetic sensor can detect magnetic signals in the directions of the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis, and supposing that the three-axis magnetic sensor at the detection position B measures the magnetic field intensity at a certain moment, the components of the three-axis magnetic sensor on the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis are respectively XB、YBAnd ZBThe direction of the magnetic force lines can be determined according to the magnitude relations of the three magnetic field strengths, and then the distance and angle relations between the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 and the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 can be calculated according to the linear relations between the angles and the strengths of the scattered magnetic force lines at different distances of the calibration magnetic steel unit 1.
According to the technical scheme, the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 is used for detecting and calibrating the position of the magnetic steel unit 1, the cable 6 can emit a magnetic field during operation, and in order to enable the detection result to be more accurate, the attenuation coefficients of three-axis magnetic force lines on different cables need to be considered
、
、
A change will occur. The attenuation of the magnetic force lines means that the strength of the magnetic force lines is weakened along with the distance from the magnetic substance; the proportional relation between the intensity of the magnetic force lines and the distance is a magnetic force line attenuation coefficient, and the triaxial magnetic force attenuation coefficient refers to the proportional relation between the intensity of the magnetic force lines and the distance in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction respectively. The attenuation coefficient of the magnetic force line is not defined by a formula, but is obtained by a numerical calculation method under study. The measuring method comprises the following steps: defining the X-axis test direction of a measuring chip in a magnetic field monitoring unit 2, moving a calibration magnetic steel unit 80mm from an initial position to the right, moving for 1mm distance for a single time, recording the strength value under test each time, and then moving for 2mm, 4mm, 5mm, 8mm and 10mm for a single time respectively, thus obtaining 6 tracing curves of which the abscissa is the moving distance and the ordinate is the strength of magnetic force lines and a linear regression equation of the 6 trend lines, wherein the slopes of the curves are close to each other, and a rule is jointly disclosed: the attenuation of the magnetic force lines means that the magnetic force lines become farther with the distance from the magnetic substance; while substituting the obtained average slope into
In the same way to obtain
、
。
Specifically, the linear regression equation is solved by:
firstly, the transverse coordinate x of the point curve is calculatediAnd a longitudinal coordinate yiAverage value of (2)
、
(ii) a Solving by substituting a formula: b = (x)1y1+x2y2+...xnyn-n
）/（x1+x2+...xn-n
) And then average value
、
Substituting a = Y-bX, solving a and substituting the total formula Y = bX + a to obtain a linear regression equation:
After the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 and the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 are installed, the initial positions of the magnetic field monitoring unit and the calibration magnetic steel unit are determined, then the test is carried out, and the system sets the three-axis magnetic line attenuation coefficient according to the first cable
、
、
And then the actual cable is tested, and the attenuation coefficient of the magnetic force line is corrected, so that the displacement standards of the cables corresponding to each system are the same. Example (b)Such as: the system of the embodiment is applied to the first cable, after the installation is completed, the test is carried out, and if the deviation exists, the compensation is carried out until the deviation is 0.
Based on the technical scheme, the steps of detecting and calibrating the magnetic field intensity and the magnetic line angle of the magnetic steel unit 1 through the triaxial magnetic sensor are as follows:
the three-axis magnetic field intensity of the initial position A of the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 is known as (X)A,YA,ZA) The initial position A is used as an origin coordinate;
the three-axis magnetic field intensity of the detection position B detected by the magnetic field monitoring unit is (X)B,YB,ZB) The attenuation coefficient of the X-axis magnetic force line is measured by experiments to be
The attenuation coefficient of the magnetic force line of the Y axis is
Z-axis magnetic line attenuation coefficient of
(ii) a The spatial coordinate distance amount of the detection position B relative to the initial position a is:
；
the initial coordinate of the initial position A is set as MAThe space coordinate of the detection position B based on the initial position A is set as MBSetting as follows:
obtaining the vector mode length between the initial position A and the detection position B of the calibration magnetic steel unit:
obtaining a vector angle between an initial position A and a detection position B of the calibration magnetic steel unit:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
it is known that a vector angle can be obtained, and the vector angle is a direction angle of the magnetic force line.
Step 102: and collecting the position information of the calibrated magnetic steel unit 1 and calculating the real-time displacement information of the cable 6.
The position information of the detection and calibration magnetic steel unit 1 cannot visually reflect the displacement information of the cable 6, so that the real-time displacement information of the cable 6 is obtained through calculation after the position information and other data are acquired, and then the real-time displacement information is visually fed back to a worker, so that the use is more relieved. The real-time displacement information includes displacement values of the cable 6.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the displacement calculating unit 3 collects the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit 1, and the length of the model is calculated according to the distance vector between the initial position a and the detection position B of the calibration magnetic steel unit
And the direction angle of magnetic force line
And calculating the actual real-time displacement information of the cable 6.
Due to distance vector modulo length
And the direction angle of magnetic force line
All include three-axis magnetic line attenuation coefficient
、
、
Therefore, for different cables, the displacement calculating unit 3 needs to adjust the coefficients to obtain the correct displacement values on different cables. For example, the system is applied to a first cable for monitoring, the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 detects that the magnetic field intensity of the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 changes by 30 amperes/meter in the X-axis direction and actually moves by 1mm in the X-axis direction, and the displacement calculation unit 3 calculates a correct displacement value according to the three-axis magnetic line attenuation coefficient of the cable; the system is applied to a second cable for monitoring, the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 detects that the magnetic field intensity of the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 changes by 20 amperes/meter in the X-axis direction and actually moves by 1mm in the X-axis direction, and the displacement calculation unit 3 calculates a correct displacement value according to the three-axis magnetic line attenuation coefficient of the cable. Through adjusting the coefficient, guarantee that displacement calculating unit 3 can calculate out the correct displacement value of different cables, quantize the output of dynamic magnetic field intensity change to the distance, make the displacement result of cable 6 more directly perceived, make things convenient for the staff to observe.
Step 103: and comparing the real-time displacement information with the initial displacement information, judging whether the real-time displacement information exceeds a preset range, and if so, sending an alarm.
Besides feeding back the real-time displacement information, the safety displacement range of the cable 6 can be preset, and after the server 5 compares the real-time displacement information with the initial displacement information, if the real-time displacement information exceeds the preset safety movement range, an alarm is sent to a worker to inform the worker to check the cable 6 in time, so that potential safety hazards are eliminated. The initial displacement information is the initial distance between the calibrated magnetic steel unit 1 and the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 after the cable 6 is installed, the calibrated magnetic steel unit 1 and the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 are arranged oppositely, the distance between the calibrated magnetic steel unit 1 and the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 can be set according to the actual sizes of the cable 6 and the cable well 7, and the calibrated magnetic steel unit and the magnetic field monitoring unit are recorded into the server 5.
The server 5 can be arranged on the same circuit board with the displacement calculation unit 3 and the magnetic field monitoring unit 2, the server 5 can also be a cloud platform, and the displacement calculation unit 3 is in signal transmission with the cloud platform through the communication unit 4. Specifically, magnetic field monitoring unit 2 and displacement calculation unit 3 are integrated on same PCB circuit board and are connected, displacement calculation unit 3 is through 485 wired connection to communication unit 4, realize that displacement calculation unit 3 calibrates magnet steel unit 1 at a plurality of ascending positional information of axial to communication unit 4 real-time transmission, displacement value and angle, then, communication unit 4 carries out data transmission to the cloud platform in real time, can be through wired network, for example optical network, also can be through wireless network, for example 4G, 5G etc., keep data transfer to in the cloud platform, the cloud platform is through making the contrast to real-time displacement information and initial displacement information, judge the settlement condition of cable 6, and in time report to the police.
The method of the technical scheme not only facilitates the staff to obtain the displacement value of the cable 6 in real time, but also can inform the staff of maintenance in time even if the staff is not observing and the cable 6 is displaced and settled, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the cable 6 and being more relieved in use. The method is also suitable for settlement monitoring of pipelines such as gas pipelines, optical fiber pipelines and the like in underground shafts.
Based on the above technical scheme, the step of collecting and calibrating the position information of the magnetic steel unit 1 and calculating the real-time displacement information of the cable 6 further comprises: collecting current waveforms when the cable 6 runs; and when the ordinate voltage of the current waveform of the cable 6 is judged to be 0, acquiring the detected position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit 1.
In high-voltage cables of 10KV and above, the cables can emit magnetic field interference during operation, which causes disorder of a detection magnetic field and attenuation coefficient of triaxial magnetic force lines
、
、
It may also be inaccurate. Therefore, the method adopts a zero-crossing detection interference removing algorithm. Specifically, the displacement calculating unit 3 further comprises an acquisition circuit for acquiring the operation time of the cable 6As shown in fig. 3, the acquisition circuit mainly induces current waveforms through the inductance coil at the coil acquisition end, the current waveforms are output to the end D3 after passing through the comparator circuit, the end D3 is connected to the AD acquisition port of the MCU chip, and the current waveforms during cable operation are analyzed and acquired through the MCU chip; the abscissa of the collected current waveform is time, and the ordinate is voltage. The theoretical basis is as follows: the domestic cable running frequency is 50Hz, the conversion is carried out in 200 complete cycles per second, and when the sensed vertical coordinate voltage of the current waveform is 0, namely the sine wave passes through the X axis, the displacement calculation unit 3 collects a displacement value once. At the moment, the current of the cable is at the junction point of the forward direction and the reverse direction, and the interference is small. And when the displacement calculation unit 3 judges that the ordinate voltage of the current waveform of the cable is 0, the detected position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 is acquired.
In order to further improve the accuracy of the cable displacement value, the step of collecting and calibrating the position information of the magnetic steel unit 1 and calculating the real-time displacement information of the cable further comprises: and acquiring the position information of set times within set time, screening the acquired position information through a preset screening strategy, and taking an average value of the screened position information. The specific screening strategy may be that the position information acquired for many times is calculated to obtain real-time displacement information for many times, that is, a plurality of displacement values are obtained, the obtained displacement values are sorted, and then a plurality of maximum values and a plurality of minimum values are removed. Based on the interference removing algorithm for zero-crossing detection, in practical application, at most 600 times of zero-crossing collection points can be obtained per second, the displacement calculation unit 3 can be set to collect the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 for 200 times, after the displacement value is obtained through calculation, the displacement value is screened, and the average value of the screened displacement values is obtained. The screening method can be as follows: and sequencing 200 displacement values obtained by acquisition and calculation, removing the maximum 10 data and the minimum 10 data, and averaging the rest data.
The invention also discloses a cable anti-settling displacement monitoring system based on electromagnetic detection, which comprises a calibration magnetic steel unit 1 and a magnetic field monitoring unit 2; the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 is used for detecting the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit 1; one of the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 and the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 is positioned on the cable 6, and the other is positioned on the wall 7 of the cable well, so long as the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 and the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 are ensured to be installed oppositely; the device also comprises a displacement calculation unit 3 and a server 5, wherein the displacement calculation unit 3 is electrically connected with the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 and is used for acquiring the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 and calculating the real-time displacement information of the cable 6; the server 5 is used for comparing the real-time displacement information with the initial displacement information, judging whether the real-time displacement information exceeds a preset range or not and sending an alarm.
According to the technical scheme, the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 and the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 are respectively arranged on the cable 6 and a cable shaft wall 7, a cable shaft is of a fixed structure, if the cable 6 is displaced and settled, the relative positions of the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 and the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 can be changed, so that the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 can be detected through the magnetic field monitoring unit 2, the displacement calculating unit 3 calculates the real-time displacement information of the cable, and the server 5 judges whether the cable 6 is displaced and settled; if the displacement settlement occurs, the server 5 sends an alarm to inform workers of overhauling, so that real-time monitoring is realized, the maintenance cost is reduced, the accuracy is high, and potential safety hazards can be found in advance.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 is fixed on the wall 7 of the cable shaft by screws, a through hole is formed in the middle of the calibration magnetic steel unit 1, and magnetic steel is installed by self-tapping screws or punching holes by using expansion screws; correspondingly, magnetic field monitoring unit 2 installs on cable 6's outer protective casing, can adopt the mode of bandage or clamp to fix, avoid magnetic field monitoring unit 2 self to remove and lead to the detection error, this moment, magnetic field monitoring unit 2 and displacement calculating unit 3 set up on same circuit board, communication unit 4 is fixed on the cable wall, contain multichannel collection control panel and communication module, communication module can be optical network, 4G or 5G, with 5 signal transmission of server, the circuit board at magnetic field monitoring unit 2 and displacement calculating unit 3 place passes through 485 wired connection to communication unit 4, realize that displacement calculating unit 3 transmits multiaxial information to communication unit 4 in real time, the displacement value, the angle.
In another specific embodiment, the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 is fixed on the outer casing of the cable 6 by a hoop or a binding band, correspondingly, the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 is installed on the cable shaft wall 7, the magnetic field monitoring unit 2, the displacement calculating unit 3 and the communication unit 4 can be arranged on the same circuit board, the circuit board is fixed on the cable shaft wall, the communication unit 4 contains a multi-channel acquisition control board and a communication module, the communication module can be an optical fiber network, 4G or 5G, and is in signal transmission with the server 5, and the displacement calculating unit 3 is in signal transmission with the communication unit 4, so that the displacement calculating unit 3 can transmit multi-axial information, displacement values and angles to the communication unit 4 in real time.
In practical application, the initial horizontal distance between the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 and the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 is 2cm-4cm, so that the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 can more accurately detect the magnetic field intensity of the calibration magnetic steel unit 1, and preferably, the initial horizontal distance between the calibration magnetic steel unit 1 and the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 is 3 cm.
In addition, the magnetic field monitoring unit 2 can also have a self-checking function, and errors of detection results caused by self faults are avoided.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A cable anti-settlement displacement monitoring method based on electromagnetic detection is characterized by comprising the following steps:
setting a calibration magnetic steel unit;
setting a magnetic field monitoring unit, and detecting the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit; one of the calibration magnetic steel unit and the magnetic field monitoring unit is positioned on the cable, and the other one is positioned on the wall of the cable well;
collecting the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit and calculating the real-time displacement information of the cable;
comparing the real-time displacement information with the initial displacement information, judging whether the real-time displacement information exceeds a preset range, and if the real-time displacement information exceeds the initial displacement information, sending an alarm;
the position information comprises the magnetic field intensity and the magnetic line angle of the calibration magnetic steel unit;
the step of detecting the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit comprises:
detecting the magnetic field intensity and the magnetic line angle of the calibration magnetic steel unit through a three-axis magnetic sensor;
the strength value of the triaxial magnetic field of the initial position A of the calibration magnetic steel unit is (X)A,YA,ZA) The initial position A is used as an origin coordinate;
the three-axis magnetic field intensity value of the detection position B detected by the magnetic field monitoring unit is (X)B,YB,ZB) The distance amount of the space coordinate of the detection position B relative to the initial position A is
；
The initial coordinate of the initial position A is set as MAThe space coordinate of the detection position B based on the initial position A is set as MBSetting as follows:
obtaining the vector mode length between the initial position A and the detection position B of the calibration magnetic steel unit:
obtaining a vector angle between an initial position A and a detection position B of the calibration magnetic steel unit:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the attenuation coefficient of the magnetic force line of the X axis,
is the attenuation coefficient of the magnetic force line of the Y axis,
the attenuation coefficient of the magnetic force line of the Z axis is defined, and the attenuation of the magnetic force line means that the intensity of the magnetic force line is weakened along with the distance between the magnetic force line and the magnetic substance; the proportional relation between the intensity of the magnetic force lines and the distance is the attenuation coefficient of the magnetic force lines, and the attenuation coefficients of the magnetic force lines in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction refer to the attenuation conditions of the intensity of the magnetic force lines in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction respectively.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of collecting position information of the calibrated magnetic steel unit and calculating real-time displacement information of the cable comprises:
sending the vector mode length between the initial position A and the detection position B of the calibration magnetic steel unit at fixed time
Angle of sum vector
；
According to the received vector modular length
Angle of sum vector
And calculating real-time displacement information of the cable.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
the step of collecting the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit and calculating the real-time displacement information of the cable further comprises the following steps:
collecting a current waveform when the cable runs, wherein the abscissa of the waveform is time, and the ordinate is voltage;
and when the ordinate voltage of the current waveform of the cable is judged to be 0, acquiring the detected position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit.
4. The method of claim 3,
the step of collecting the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit and calculating the real-time displacement information of the cable further comprises the following steps:
the real-time displacement information of set times is acquired and calculated within set time, the acquired real-time displacement information is screened through a preset screening strategy, and the average value of the screened real-time displacement information is obtained.
5. The utility model provides a displacement monitoring system is prevented subsiding by cable based on electromagnetic detection which characterized in that includes:
calibrating the magnetic steel unit;
the magnetic field monitoring unit is used for detecting the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit; one of the calibration magnetic steel unit and the magnetic field monitoring unit is positioned on the cable, and the other one is positioned on the wall of the cable well;
the displacement calculation unit is electrically connected with the magnetic field monitoring unit and is used for acquiring the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit and calculating the real-time displacement information of the cable;
the server is used for comparing the real-time displacement information with the initial displacement information, judging whether the real-time displacement information exceeds a preset range or not and sending an alarm;
the position information comprises the magnetic field intensity and the magnetic line angle of the calibration magnetic steel unit, the magnetic field monitoring unit comprises a three-axis magnetic sensor, and the magnetic field intensity and the magnetic line angle of the calibration magnetic steel unit are detected by the three-axis magnetic sensor;
the detecting the position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit comprises:
the strength value of the triaxial magnetic field of the initial position A of the calibration magnetic steel unit is (X)A,YA,ZA) The initial position A is used as an origin coordinate;
the three-axis magnetic field intensity value of the detection position B detected by the magnetic field monitoring unit is (X)B,YB,ZB) The distance amount of the space coordinate of the detection position B relative to the initial position A is
；
The initial coordinate of the initial position A is set as MAThe space coordinate of the detection position B based on the initial position A is set as MBSetting as follows:
obtaining the vector mode length between the initial position A and the detection position B of the calibration magnetic steel unit:
obtaining a vector angle between an initial position A and a detection position B of the calibration magnetic steel unit:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the attenuation coefficient of the magnetic force line of the X axis,
is the attenuation coefficient of the magnetic force line of the Y axis,
the attenuation coefficient of the magnetic force line of the Z axis is defined, and the attenuation of the magnetic force line means that the intensity of the magnetic force line is weakened along with the distance between the magnetic force line and the magnetic substance; the proportional relation between the intensity and the distance of the magnetic force lines is the attenuation coefficient of the magnetic force lines, and the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axisThe magnetic force attenuation coefficients refer to the attenuation of the intensity of magnetic force lines in the directions of the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis respectively.
6. The system of claim 5,
the displacement calculation unit further comprises an acquisition circuit for acquiring a current waveform when the cable runs; and when the displacement calculation unit judges that the ordinate voltage of the current waveform of the cable is 0, the displacement calculation unit collects the detected position information of the calibration magnetic steel unit.
7. The system of claim 5, wherein the server comprises a cloud platform, and the displacement computing unit is in signal transmission with the cloud platform through a communication unit; and the communication unit transmits the real-time displacement information of the cable to a cloud platform through a wired network or a wireless network.
8. The system according to claim 5, wherein said calibrated magnetic steel unit is fixed on the wall of said cable shaft by screws, and correspondingly, said magnetic field monitoring unit is mounted on the outer sheath of said cable; or the calibration magnetic steel unit is fixed on the outer protecting shell of the cable through a hoop or a binding band, and correspondingly, the magnetic field monitoring unit is installed on the wall of the cable well;
the initial horizontal distance between the calibration magnetic steel unit and the magnetic field monitoring unit is 2cm-4 cm.
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