CN112985133A - Method for treating accumulated temperature in deep part of gangue dump by inclined gravity assisted heat pipe in stages - Google Patents
Method for treating accumulated temperature in deep part of gangue dump by inclined gravity assisted heat pipe in stages Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/025—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes having non-capillary condensate return means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal gangue dump treatment, and particularly relates to a method for treating accumulated temperature in the deep part of a gangue dump by stages by using an inclined gravity heat pipe. The method comprises the following steps that S100-initial stage, a long forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe with the total length of 12-20 m is inserted into a gangue dump for 10-17 m to perform circulating heat dissipation, and high-level heat inside the gangue dump is firstly transferred from a deep part to a shallow part; s200-middle stage, replacing a part of long forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe with a short forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe with the total length of 5-8 m, inserting the pipe into a gangue dump for 4-6 m to perform circulation heat dissipation, and transferring the heat in the gangue dump from the shallow part to the outside; s300, gradually pulling out the long forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe along with the reduction of the temperature of the deep area of the gangue dump, adding the forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe, monitoring the state of the short forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe in real time, and starting to recover the earth surface vegetation when the recovery temperature is lower than that of the short gravity heat pipe with the phase change of the working medium.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal gangue dump treatment, and particularly relates to a method for treating accumulated temperature in the deep part of a gangue dump by stages by using an inclined gravity heat pipe.
Background
The coal gangue refers to the carbon-containing rock discharged from coal mines in the production processes of development and excavation, coal mining, coal washing and the like, and is a waste in the coal mine production process. The coal gangue is extremely easy to self-ignite in the air, and the spontaneous combustion coal gangue dump is a special combustion system and has the characteristics of large heat storage and easy reburning. The gangue dump piled in the open air often generates spontaneous combustion, causes resource waste and environmental pollution, and can cause accidents seriously. Statistical data show that the total amount of coal gangue accumulated for a long time since the country is built reaches more than 50 hundred million tons, the occupied area is 1.33 million hectares, and more than 1500 gangue piles with larger scale exist, wherein the large gangue piles with spontaneous combustion risk have more than 300 gangue piles, and still increase at the speed of 2 hundred million tons per year. Under the environmental action of wind erosion, rain erosion and the like, the coal gangue is decomposed to generate a large amount of dust, acid water and heavy metal ions, thereby seriously deteriorating the local ecological environment and polluting the atmosphere, water bodies, soil and vegetation. In particular, spontaneous combustion waste rock hills are easy to collapse after being burnt out, and spray explosion and explosion accidents are easily caused by rainfall, so that the life health of the masses in the mining area is threatened.
The ground temperature of the stacking area of the spontaneous combustion coal gangue dump is higher than that of the normal ground by more than 30 ℃, and the spontaneous combustion coal gangue dump is stressed by high temperature in the ecological environment and vegetation construction process, so that the spontaneous combustion control is difficult and the ecological restoration is slow. At present, the conventional fire prevention and extinguishing technologies for treating the spontaneous combustion of coal piles or coal gangue dump, such as grouting, loess covering and the like, mainly control the spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue dump from the perspective of oxygen isolation. However, the heat accumulated in the gangue dump cannot be timely dissipated, and reburning often occurs along with the lapse of time. The key point is to achieve the ultimate goal of ecological management of the spontaneous combustion coal gangue dump, namely complete fire extinguishing and no re-combustion, and break the physical condition of heat accumulation, and the elimination of high-temperature waste heat of the spontaneous combustion coal gangue dump is a key problem to be solved urgently in the recovery of the habitat of a mining area.
The coal gangue spontaneous combustion causes mainly include pyrite oxygen chemistry theory and coal oxygen composite spontaneous combustion theory. The theory of pyrite oxidation is the main theory for explaining spontaneous combustion of coal gangue at present. It is believed that pyrite in the coal gangue is oxidized at low temperature, and the generated heat is accumulated continuously, so that the temperature in the coal gangue is accumulated, coal and combustible organic matters in the coal gangue are combusted, and the coal gangue is self-combusted. The theory of coal-oxygen composite spontaneous combustion considers that 10-25% of carbonaceous combustible materials are usually entrained in coal gangue, coal (especially specular coal and silk coal) in the coal gangue can generate slow oxidation reaction at normal temperature and emit heat at the same time, and when the heat is accumulated to a certain temperature, the combustible materials can be caused to spontaneously combust, so that the gangue dump is spontaneously combusted.
The following conditions are required for spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue dump:
1. the coal gangue has spontaneous combustion tendency;
2. there is a continuous supply of oxygen;
3. environments with heat build-up;
4. the above conditions should be maintained for a sufficient time to reach the self-ignition point.
Wherein, the condition 1 is the internal characteristic of spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue, and the conditions 2 and 3 are the external conditions of spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue. The combustible substances in the coal gangue are mainly pyrite and coal, and the environment of oxygen and heat accumulation is related to the stacking structure of the coal gangue. In the natural stacking process (stacking on flat ground or along a slope), the gangue dump can generate granularity segregation, and a chimney effect is generated in the gangue dump. Part of the heat generated by oxidation is carried out with the air by the chimney effect, and the other part of the heat is accumulated in the gangue dump. When a certain local temperature reaches the self-ignition point, self-ignition is caused and the gas gradually spreads to the periphery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a method for treating accumulated temperature in the deep part of a gangue dump by stages by using an inclined gravity heat pipe.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for treating accumulated temperature at the deep part of a gangue dump by stages by using an inclined gravity heat pipe comprises the following steps of S100-initial stage, inserting a long forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe with the total length of 12-20 m into the gangue dump by 10-17 m for circulating heat dissipation, and transferring high-level heat in the gangue dump from the deep part to the shallow part; s200-middle stage, replacing a part of long forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe with a short forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe with the total length of 5-8 m, inserting the pipe into a gangue dump for 4-6 m to perform circulation heat dissipation, and transferring the heat in the gangue dump from the shallow part to the outside; s300, gradually pulling out the long forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe along with the reduction of the temperature of the deep area of the gangue dump, adding the forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe, monitoring the state of the short forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe in real time, and starting to recover the earth surface vegetation when the recovery temperature is lower than that of the short gravity heat pipe with the phase change of the working medium.
Furthermore, the long and short forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe is installed in the hole protection steel pipe through the heat pipe fixing frame, and the top of the hole protection steel pipe is provided with a hole protection pipe sealing plate.
Furthermore, the hole-protecting steel pipe is obliquely arranged.
Furthermore, the long and short forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe comprises a gravity heat pipe, a piston driving structure, a power generation part and a fan, wherein the gravity heat pipe comprises an internal air channel wall and a heat pipe outer wall, the internal air channel wall is arranged inside the heat pipe outer wall, a heat dissipation fin is arranged on the outer side of the heat pipe outer wall, a working medium flow channel is arranged at the lower end of the internal air channel wall, a gas working medium channel is arranged between the internal air channel wall and the heat pipe outer wall, a cylinder heating cavity is arranged at the upper part of the gas working medium channel, and a gap for gas to pass through is; the piston driving structure comprises a large piston cavity communicated with the upper part of the cylinder heating cavity, a large piston capable of moving up and down is arranged in the large piston cavity, a large piston upper cover is arranged on the upper part of the large piston cavity, a small piston cavity is fixed on the upper part of the large piston upper cover, the lower part of the small piston cavity is communicated with the upper part of the large piston cavity, and a small piston capable of moving up and down is arranged in the small piston cavity; the power generation part comprises a power generator, a middle connecting rod is arranged in the middle of the power generator, one end of the middle connecting rod is fixed with the fan, the other end of the middle connecting rod is connected with a second gear through a coupler, the second gear is meshed with a first gear, the first gear is driven by one end of the connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is fixed with a small piston, the connecting rod is a straight rod with two sections of pin inserting pins, one end of the straight rod is connected with the small piston through a small piston pin, and the other end of the straight rod.
Furthermore, the generator is arranged on a generator support, the generator support is fixed on a gear support seat, the first gear and the second gear are arranged on the gear support seat, and the gear support seat is fixed on the upper cover of the large piston.
Furthermore, a large piston bottom isolation pad is arranged at the bottom of the large piston, and a large piston top isolation pad is arranged at the top of the large piston.
Further, the circulating working medium in the long-forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe is heat conducting MuM B; the circulating working medium in the short forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe is acetone.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the gravity heat pipe is obliquely arranged, so that the top of the internal working medium can flow after being liquefied, and the liquefied working medium in the heat pipe can not flow down from the gas ascending channel.
2. The metal pipe guard hole is compared in directly burying with soil and can be increased with the inside heat radiating area of hillock, can increase and make the inside great space that forms of pillar, the heat radiation of being convenient for and heat convection heat dissipation. And the metal hole protecting pipe can be deeply inserted into the gangue dump and exceeds the bottom of the long gravity heat pipe, so that the temperature of the deeper part can be conveniently led out, and the gravity heat pipe is obliquely arranged, so that the temperature of the gangue dump side slope can be effectively prevented from diffusing into the gangue dump.
3. The accumulated temperature in the deep part of the waste rock hill is treated by stages, the accumulated temperature in the deep part is favorably gradually increased to the earth surface and the atmosphere, the short gravity heat pipe can quickly dissipate heat of the earth surface part, the earth surface temperature is reduced so as to be convenient for plant greening, and meanwhile, the air can be prevented from entering the waste rock hill to cause re-combustion of the waste rock hill. The recovered long gravity heat pipe can be moved to other places for treatment, which is beneficial to saving resources.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a gangue dump treatment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of earlier-stage treatment of a waste rock hill;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of medium-term treatment of a gangue dump;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of later-stage treatment of a waste rock hill;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a gravity assisted heat pipe for forced convection heat dissipation;
FIG. 1-gravity heat pipe; 2-working medium flow channel; 3-internal airway walls; 4-outer wall of heat pipe; 5-a heat sink; 6-a liquid working medium channel; 7-cylinder heating cavity; 8-large piston bottom spacer; 9-large piston; 10-large piston cavity; 11-large piston top spacer; 12-big piston upper cover; 13-a screw; 14-small piston cavity; 15-small piston; 16-a connecting rod; 17-a gear support seat; 18-gear number one; 19-gear number two; 20-a generator support; 21-a coupler; 22-an intermediate link; 23-a generator; 24-an electrode; 25-a fan; 26-gas working medium channel; 101-forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe; 102-thermal radiation convection zone; 103-a grommet sealing plate; 104-hillock; 105-heat pipe fixing frame; 106-hole protecting steel pipe; 107-the moving direction of the heat inside the gangue dump; 108-shallow mid-temperature region; 109-deep high temperature region; 110-schematic diagram of earlier stage treatment of the hillock; 111-medium-term treatment schematic diagram of the waste rock hill; 112-a later-stage treatment schematic diagram of the waste rock hill; 113-fissure; 114-long stirling power generation forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe; 115-short Stirling power generation forced convection heat dissipation gravity assisted heat pipe.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A method for treating accumulated temperature in the deep part of a gangue dump by inclined gravity assisted heat pipes in stages comprises the following steps:
and S100, at the initial stage, inserting a long forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe with the total length of 12-20 meters into the gangue dump for 10-17 meters for circulating heat dissipation, wherein high-level heat inside the gangue dump is firstly transferred from the deep part to the shallow part.
And S200-middle period, replacing a part of long forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe with a short forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe with the total length of 5-8 m, inserting the pipe into a gangue dump for 4-6 m to perform circulating heat dissipation, and transferring the heat in the gangue dump from the shallow part to the outside.
S300, gradually pulling out the long forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe along with the reduction of the temperature of the deep area of the gangue dump, adding the forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe, monitoring the state of the short forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe in real time, and starting to recover the earth surface vegetation when the recovery temperature is lower than that of the short gravity heat pipe with the phase change of the working medium. The difference of short gravity heat pipe and long gravity heat pipe lies in that the inside working medium evaporation condensation route of short gravity heat pipe is short, and the circulation rate piece, the heat conductivity is stronger, but the heat source temperature is lower than long gravity heat pipe, inserts and can reduce soil temperature fast at hillock top layer to be favorable to the vegetation to resume.
As shown in fig. 1, the long and short forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe is installed in a hole protection steel pipe 106 through a heat pipe fixing frame 105, the hole protection steel pipe 106 is arranged in an inclined manner, and a hole protection pipe sealing plate 103 is arranged at the top of the hole protection steel pipe 106.
As shown in fig. 5, the long and short forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe 101 includes a gravity heat pipe 1, a piston driving structure, a power generation part and a fan 25, wherein the gravity heat pipe 1 includes an internal air passage wall 3 and a heat pipe outer wall 4, the internal air passage wall 3 is disposed inside the heat pipe outer wall 4, a heat sink 5 is disposed outside the heat pipe outer wall 4, a working medium flow passage 2 is disposed at the lower end of the internal air passage wall 3, a gas working medium passage 26 is disposed between the internal air passage wall 3 and the heat pipe outer wall 4, a cylinder heating cavity 7 is mounted at the upper part of the gas working medium passage 26, and a gap through which gas can pass is reserved; the piston driving structure comprises a large piston cavity 10 communicated with the upper part of the cylinder heating cavity 7, a large piston 9 capable of moving up and down is arranged in the large piston cavity 10, a large piston upper cover 12 is arranged on the upper part of the large piston cavity 10, a small piston cavity 14 is fixed on the upper part of the large piston upper cover 12, the lower part of the small piston cavity 14 is communicated with the upper part of the large piston cavity 10, and a small piston 15 capable of moving up and down is arranged in the small piston cavity 14; the power generation part comprises a generator 23, a middle connecting rod 22 is arranged in the middle of the generator 23, one end of the middle connecting rod 22 is fixed with a fan 25, the other end of the middle connecting rod 22 is connected with a second gear 19 through a coupler 21, the second gear 19 is meshed with a first gear 18, the first gear 18 is driven by one end of a connecting rod 16, the other end of the connecting rod 16 is fixed with a small piston 15, the connecting rod 16 is a straight rod with two sections of inserted pins, one end of the straight rod is connected with the small piston 15 through a small piston pin 27, and the other end of the straight rod is connected with the.
The generator 23 is arranged on a generator support 20, the generator support 20 is fixed on the gear support seat 17, the first gear 18 and the second gear 19 are arranged on the gear support seat 17, and the gear support seat 17 is fixed on the large piston upper cover 12.
The bottom of the large piston 9 is provided with a large piston bottom isolation pad 8, and the top of the large piston 9 is provided with a large piston top isolation pad 11.
The long forced convection gravity heat pipe adopts stainless steel as a shell, and the circulating working medium in the long forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe is heat conduction MuM B, and is characterized in that the working medium is gasified when the temperature is 140-300 ℃, the gas is liquefied when rising to the outside of the waste rock mountain or the upper part of the heat pipe, and falls to a deep area by virtue of gravity and is heated and gasified, and the circulation can transfer the deep heat of the waste rock mountain to the shallow part and the outside. The short forced convection gravity heat pipe adopts aluminum or copper as a shell, acetone is adopted as an internal circulating working medium, the boiling point of acetone is 56.53 ℃, the temperature of the acetone is higher than 56.53 ℃, the working medium can be gasified, gas is liquefied when rising to the outside of the waste rock mountain or the upper part of the heat pipe, and falls to the lower area of the heat pipe by virtue of gravity to be heated and gasified, and the circulation can transfer the heat of the shallow part of the waste rock mountain to the outside.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for treating accumulated temperature in the deep part of a gangue dump by inclined gravity assisted heat pipes in stages is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
s100, at the initial stage, inserting a long forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe with the total length of 12-20 meters into the gangue dump for 10-17 meters for circulating heat dissipation, wherein high-level heat inside the gangue dump is transferred from a deep part to a shallow part;
s200-middle stage, replacing a part of long forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe with a short forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe with the total length of 5-8 m, inserting the pipe into a gangue dump for 4-6 m to perform circulation heat dissipation, and transferring the heat in the gangue dump from the shallow part to the outside;
s300, gradually pulling out the long forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe along with the reduction of the temperature of the deep area of the gangue dump, adding the forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe, monitoring the state of the short forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe in real time, and starting to recover the earth surface vegetation when the recovery temperature is lower than that of the short gravity heat pipe with the phase change of the working medium.
2. The method for treating accumulated temperature in the deep part of the gangue dump by stages by using the inclined gravity heat pipe according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the long and short forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe is arranged in a hole protection steel pipe (106) through a heat pipe fixing frame (105), and a hole protection pipe sealing plate (103) is arranged at the top of the hole protection steel pipe (106).
3. The method for treating accumulated temperature in the deep part of the gangue dump by stages through the inclined gravity heat pipe according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the hole-protecting steel pipe (106) is obliquely arranged.
4. The method for treating accumulated temperature in the deep part of the gangue dump by stages through the inclined gravity heat pipe according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: the gravity heat pipe (101) with two types of forced convection heat dissipation, namely a long gravity heat pipe and a short gravity heat pipe (101), comprises a gravity heat pipe (1), a piston driving structure, a power generation part and a fan (25), wherein the gravity heat pipe (1) comprises an internal air channel wall (3) and a heat pipe outer wall (4), the internal air channel wall (3) is arranged inside the heat pipe outer wall (4), a radiating fin (5) is arranged on the outer side of the heat pipe outer wall (4), a working medium flowing channel (2) is arranged at the lower end of the internal air channel wall (3), a gas working medium channel (26) is arranged between the internal air channel wall (3) and the heat pipe outer wall (4), a cylinder heating cavity (7) is arranged at the upper part of the gas working; the piston driving structure comprises a large piston cavity (10) communicated with the upper part of the cylinder heating cavity (7), a large piston (9) capable of moving up and down is arranged in the large piston cavity (10), a large piston upper cover (12) is arranged on the upper part of the large piston cavity (10), a small piston cavity (14) is fixed on the upper part of the large piston upper cover (12), the lower part of the small piston cavity (14) is communicated with the upper part of the large piston cavity (10), and a small piston (15) capable of moving up and down is arranged in the small piston cavity (14); the power generation part comprises a power generator (23), a middle connecting rod (22) is arranged in the middle of the power generator (23), one end of the middle connecting rod (22) is fixed with a fan (25), the other end of the middle connecting rod is connected with a second gear (19) through a coupler (21), the second gear (19) is meshed with a first gear (18), the first gear (18) is driven by one end of a connecting rod (16), the other end of the connecting rod (16) is fixed with a small piston (15), the connecting rod (16) is a straight rod with two pin inserting pieces, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the small piston (15) through a small piston pin, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the first gear (18) through.
5. The method for treating accumulated temperature in the deep part of the gangue dump by stages through the inclined gravity heat pipe according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the generator (23) is arranged on a generator support (20), the generator support (20) is fixed on a gear support seat (17), the first gear (18) and the second gear (19) are arranged on the gear support seat (17), and the gear support seat (17) is fixed on the upper cover (12) of the large piston.
6. The method for treating accumulated temperature at the deep part of the gangue dump in stages in a radial convection mode of the inclined gravity heat pipe according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: the large piston is characterized in that a large piston bottom isolation pad (8) is arranged at the bottom of the large piston (9), and a large piston top isolation pad (11) is arranged at the top of the large piston (9).
7. The method for treating accumulated temperature in the deep part of the gangue dump by stages through the inclined gravity heat pipe according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: the circulating working medium in the long forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe is heat conducting MuM B; the circulating working medium in the short forced convection heat dissipation gravity heat pipe is acetone.
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