CN112985058A - Rotary casting composite crucible - Google Patents
Rotary casting composite crucible Download PDFInfo
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- CN112985058A CN112985058A CN202110249804.5A CN202110249804A CN112985058A CN 112985058 A CN112985058 A CN 112985058A CN 202110249804 A CN202110249804 A CN 202110249804A CN 112985058 A CN112985058 A CN 112985058A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/06—Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat
- F27B14/061—Induction furnaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/10—Crucibles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/14—Arrangements of heating devices
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- Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a transfer-casting composite crucible for preparing platinum-based alloy powder by an atomization method, which comprises an inner-layer crucible, an outer-layer crucible, a flow guide pipe, a ceramic pipe, a graphite assembly and an induction heating coil assembly for heating the graphite assembly; the honeycomb duct intercommunication the bottom and the two integrated into one piece of inlayer crucible, outer crucible is located the periphery of inlayer crucible and set up and supply the through-hole that the honeycomb duct wore to establish, ceramic pipe locates the periphery of honeycomb duct and with outer crucible is connected, graphite subassembly equipartition in outer crucible with between the inlayer crucible and the honeycomb duct with between the ceramic pipe. The transfer-casting composite crucible can perform timely and accurate temperature compensation in the transfer-casting process of the platinum group metal and the alloy melt, so that the temperature of the flow guide pipe is consistent with that of the inner layer crucible, and the powder quality of the alloy powder preparation is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of powder metallurgy, in particular to a rotary casting composite crucible for preparing platinum-based alloy powder by an atomization method.
Background
Due to the excellent performance of platinum group metal and alloy powder materials thereof, the platinum group metal and alloy powder materials thereof are widely applied in industry and are mainly used as raw materials of powder metallurgy products such as dispersion strengthening materials, 3D printing, catalysts, electronic paste and other deep processing products. The atomization powder preparation technology combines the traditional smelting technology with the powder metallurgy technology, and the liquid metal or the alloy is directly crushed by high-pressure water, gas or a water-gas mixed medium after smelting to prepare powder, thereby providing an important method for preparing common materials and materials with special microstructures and properties.
Factors affecting the performance of platinum group metals and alloy powders include: the selected atomization method, the atomization structure device, the atomization medium, the metal liquid flow, the spraying parameters, the powder collecting device and the like. Wherein the surface tension and viscosity of the metal stream, superheat and stream diameter all contribute to its performance. The viscosity and surface tension of the metal melt increase with decreasing temperature, affecting the shape and particle size of the powder; the higher the overheating temperature of the molten metal is, the higher the yield of fine powder is, and spherical powder is easier to obtain; the smaller the diameter of the metal liquid flow strand, the smaller the amount of the melt entering the atomization area in unit time, and the yield of fine powder is increased. Due to the characteristics of high melting point of platinum group metal and alloy material thereof (the melting point of platinum is 1770 ℃, the melting point of iridium reaches 2454 ℃), high melt viscosity and the like, effective control of metal liquid flow is particularly important for obtaining high-quality powder material in the atomization powder preparation process.
The effective control points for the platinum group metal and alloy liquid flow are as follows: the temperature of the melt when the melt is transferred to a pouring tundish crucible and flows through the tail end of the flow guide pipe; the degree of superheat and the flow rate of the melt. The melt flow during atomization is controlled by melt viscosity eta, inner diameter d of the guide pipe, height H of the guide pipe and height H of the liquid level above the guide pipe. Due to the particularity of the platinum group metal and the alloy melt, if the temperature compensation is not timely or the compensation temperature is not enough in the process of pouring, the melt is cooled rapidly, so that the guide pipe is blocked easily, and the atomization operation is interrupted; secondly, the temperature control of the fusant in the tundish and the guide pipe is inconsistent, so that the fluctuation of the particle size and the particle size distribution range of the powder prepared each time is large, and the stable powder quality is difficult to obtain.
How to solve the problem of inconsistent melt temperature in the melt transfer casting process becomes a technical problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a transfer-casting composite crucible which can provide timely and accurate temperature compensation in the melt transfer-casting process and improve the powder quality of alloy powder preparation.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a transfer casting composite crucible for preparing platinum-based alloy powder by an atomization method, which is characterized by comprising an inner layer crucible, an outer layer crucible, a flow guide pipe, a ceramic pipe, a graphite assembly and an induction heating coil assembly for heating the graphite assembly; the honeycomb duct intercommunication the bottom and the two integrated into one piece of inlayer crucible, outer crucible is located the periphery of inlayer crucible and set up and supply the through-hole that the honeycomb duct wore to establish, ceramic pipe locates the periphery of honeycomb duct and with outer crucible is connected, graphite subassembly equipartition in outer crucible with between the inlayer crucible and the honeycomb duct with between the ceramic pipe.
Optionally, the graphite assembly comprises a graphite tube arranged between the inner crucible and the outer crucible and a flanged graphite tube arranged between the ceramic tube and the draft tube, and the flange diameter of the flanged graphite tube is larger than that of the through hole;
the induction heating coil assembly comprises a first induction heating coil and a second induction heating coil, wherein the first induction heating coil is arranged on the periphery of the outer-layer crucible in a layered mode along the axial direction, and the second induction heating coil is arranged on the periphery of the ceramic tube in a layered mode along the axial direction.
Optionally, the ceramic pipe is a flanged ceramic pipe, the diameter of the flanged ceramic pipe is matched with the diameter of the through hole, and the diameter of the flange of the flanged ceramic pipe is larger than the diameter of the through hole.
Optionally, inner layer pouring filler is arranged between the graphite pipe and the inner layer crucible and between the graphite pipe with the flange and the flow guide pipe.
Optionally, outer-layer pouring filler is respectively arranged between the graphite tube and the outer-layer crucible and between the flanged graphite tube and the flanged ceramic tube.
Optionally, the surfaces of the graphite tube and the graphite tube with the flange are both provided with an oxidation resistant coating.
Optionally, the height h and the diameter d of the draft tube are in a relation of h 10-20 d.
Optionally, the burying depths of both the upper end of the graphite tube and the lower end of the flanged graphite tube are greater than or equal to 3 mm.
Optionally, the inner crucible, the outer crucible and the ceramic tube are made of the same material.
Optionally, the induction heating coil assembly is a water-cooled copper tube.
Compared with the background technology, the transfer-casting composite crucible provided by the invention utilizes the induction heating coil assembly to electromagnetically heat the graphite assembly of the composite crucible, before the melt is not transferred to the composite crucible, the wall temperature and the internal temperature of the composite crucible reach the preset temperature (1500-2300 ℃, the transfer-casting temperature of the platinum-rhodium alloy melt is 200-300 ℃ higher than the melting point of the platinum group metal and the alloy), and the melt temperature is prevented from being suddenly reduced during transfer-casting to influence the quality of subsequent atomized powder making powder. Because the inner wall of the inner crucible of the transfer-casting composite crucible and the inner wall of the flow guide pipe are all preheated and insulated to the preset temperature, the phenomenon that the inner wall of the inner crucible at the transfer-casting position of platinum group metal and alloy liquid has great temperature difference is avoided, the problem that the inner crucible is cracked due to thermal stress is prevented, and the service life is further prolonged. In the atomization powder making process, the inner layer crucible and the guide pipe of the rotary casting composite crucible are uniform in temperature, and liquid flow with uniform temperature and stable melt flow can be provided, so that the quality of atomization powder making powder is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a spin-on composite crucible according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an inner crucible having a tapered bottom;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a flat bottom inner crucible;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an outer crucible;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a flanged graphite tube;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a flanged ceramic tube;
fig. 7 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 1.
Wherein:
1-inner layer crucible, 2-inner layer pouring filler, 3-graphite tube, 4-outer layer pouring filler, 5-outer layer crucible, 6-first induction heating coil, 7-draft tube, 8-flanged graphite tube, 9-ceramic tube and 10-second induction heating coil.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a composite spin-on crucible according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an inner crucible having a tapered bottom; FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a flat bottom inner crucible; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an outer crucible; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a flanged graphite tube; FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a flanged ceramic tube; fig. 7 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 1.
The rotary casting composite crucible provided by the invention comprises an inner layer crucible 1 and an outer layer crucible 5, wherein the bottom of the inner layer crucible 1 is provided with a flow guide pipe 7 which is integrally communicated with an output melt, the periphery of the flow guide pipe 7 is provided with a ceramic pipe 9 which is matched and connected with the outer layer crucible 5, namely, the rotary casting composite crucible is in a hollow double-layer structure no matter a tundish (the section of the inner layer crucible 1) or the section of the flow guide pipe 7, so that a graphite assembly is arranged in a middle interlayer, the graphite assembly and the composite crucible are heated by an induction heating coil assembly, temperature compensation is carried out by the graphite assembly, the uniform temperature of the melt in the rotary casting process and all positions of the composite crucible is ensured, the problems of blockage of the flow guide pipe 7 and nonuniform melt temperature are effectively solved, and the quality.
The inner crucible 1 and the draft tube 7 are integrally formed, the draft tube 7 is communicated with the bottom of the inner crucible 1, the melt is output from the draft tube 7 after being poured into the inner crucible 1, and the inner crucible 1 can be a conical bottom crucible as shown in fig. 2 or a flat bottom crucible as shown in fig. 3 as required. The outer crucible 5 is coated on the periphery of the inner crucible 1, a hollow interlayer is formed between the inner crucible 1 and the outer crucible 5, a through hole is formed in the bottom of the outer crucible 5, and the flow guide pipe 7 penetrates out of the through hole in the bottom of the outer crucible 5. The ceramic tube 9 is sleeved on the periphery of the draft tube 7 and connected with the outer crucible 5, and the through hole of the outer crucible 5 is covered and sealed. The graphite components are uniformly arranged between the inner crucible 1 and the outer crucible 5 and between the flow guide pipe 7 and the ceramic pipe 9, and play a role in temperature compensation of the melt flowing through the inner crucible 1 and the flow guide pipe 7.
The graphite assembly comprises a graphite pipe 3 arranged between an inner crucible 1 and an outer crucible 5 and a flanged graphite pipe 8 arranged between a ceramic pipe 9 and a flow guide pipe 7, wherein the diameter of the flanged graphite pipe 8 is smaller than that of the through hole, so that the flanged graphite pipe 8 can penetrate through the through hole to cover the periphery of the flow guide pipe 7, and meanwhile, the diameter of the flange of the flanged graphite pipe 8 is larger than that of the through hole, so that the flanged graphite pipe 8 is prevented from falling off. Correspondingly, the induction heating coil assembly comprises a first induction heating coil 6 which is arranged at the periphery of the outer crucible 5 and is layered along the axial direction of the outer crucible 5, and a second induction heating coil 10 which is arranged at the periphery of the ceramic tube 9 and is layered along the axial direction of the ceramic tube 9. The first induction heating coil 6 and the second induction heating coil 10 can be connected in series to supply power simultaneously, different power supplies can be adopted to supply power respectively, and the compensation temperatures of the graphite pipe 3 and the graphite pipe 8 with the flange, namely the inner wall of the inner-layer crucible 1 and the inner wall of the draft tube 7, are consistent through corresponding coil parameters.
The heating coil assembly can specifically adopt a water-cooling copper tube, a square tube or a round tube.
The ceramic tube 9 may be a cylindrical tube bonded to the periphery of the through hole of the outer crucible 5, and the diameter of the ceramic tube 9 is larger than the diameter of the through hole. The diameter of the flanged ceramic tube is matched with the diameter of the through hole and is usually equal to or slightly smaller than the diameter of the through hole, and the diameter of the flange of the flanged ceramic tube is larger than the diameter of the through hole so as to prevent the flanged ceramic tube from falling off from the outer-layer crucible 5.
In order to avoid the oxidation burning loss of the graphite assembly, the surfaces of the graphite pipe 3 and the graphite pipe 8 with the flange are provided with anti-oxidation coatings, and the oxidation resistance is improved by coating the surfaces. In addition, filling materials are filled and poured in the hollow interlayer of the rotary casting composite crucible. Specifically, inner layer pouring filler 2 is filled between the inner layer crucible 1 and the graphite pipe 3 and between the draft tube 7 and the graphite pipe 8 with the flange; and filling outer-layer pouring filler 4 between the outer-layer crucible 5 and the graphite tube 3 and between the ceramic tube 9 and the graphite tube 8 with the flange.
The inner crucible 1, the outer crucible 5 and the ceramic tube 9 are preferably made of the same material, such as zirconia, magnesia or calcium oxide, so that the thermal expansion coefficient and the cold shrinkage coefficient of the composite crucible are consistent, the rotary casting composite crucible is prevented from cracking, and the service life is prolonged.
For the atomization method to prepare platinum group metal and alloy powder, when the required flow and temperature of the melt at the end of the flow guide pipe 7 are fixed, the melt flow can be expressed by formula
(F flow, d flow guide tube 7 straight
Diameter, height of melt liquid level above the H flow guide pipe 7, height of the H flow guide pipe 7, eta melt viscosity). According to the flow formula, the diameter d of the draft tube 7 is controlled by the height h of the draft tube 7, and the height of the draft tube 7 is determined by the structural size of the atomizing device. Through experimental statistical analysis, the platinum group metal and alloy powder material is prepared by an atomization method, and the relation between h and d is 10-20 times, namely h is 10-20 d. When the melt flow is determined, the height value of the draft tube 7 is increased, and the diameter of the draft tube 7 must be enlarged to achieve flow balance; on the contrary, if the diameter of the draft tube 7 needs to be enlarged, the height of the draft tube 7 must be increased to achieve the flow balance.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiment 1
Pouring the composite crucible in a rotating way, arranging an inner layer crucible 1, a graphite tube 3, an outer layer crucible 5 and a first induction heating coil 6 from inside to outside, wherein the outer wall of the inner layer crucible 1 is connected with the inner wall of the graphite tube 3 by using an inner layer pouring filler 2; the outer wall of the graphite tube 3 is connected with the outer crucible 5 by the same outer pouring filler 4. The graphite pipe 3 and the graphite pipe 8 with the flange are sealed in the inner-layer pouring filler 2 and the outer-layer pouring filler 4.
Wherein, the inner crucible 1 and the draft tube 7 are integrally formed, a conical bottom crucible is adopted, the materials of the inner crucible are zirconium dioxide using magnesium oxide as a stabilizer, the inner diameter of the inner crucible 1 is 80mm, the wall thickness is 6mm, the outer diameter is 92mm, and the height of the crucible is 150 mm. The central hole at the bottom of the inner crucible 1 is the same as the inner diameter of the guide pipe 7, the inner diameter of the guide pipe 7 is 5mm, the wall thickness of the guide pipe 7 is 6mm, the outer diameter of the guide pipe 7 is 17mm, and the height of the guide pipe 7 is 70 mm.
The graphite tube 3 is a compact high-purity graphite tube 3 treated by a zirconia coating, the inner diameter of the graphite tube 3 is 110mm, the wall thickness of the graphite tube is 5mm, the outer diameter of the graphite tube is 120mm, and the length of the graphite tube 3 is 170 mm.
The outer crucible 5 is flat-bottom and provided with a through hole at the bottom, the inner diameter of the crucible is 140mm, the wall thickness is 5mm, the outer diameter is 150mm, and the height of the crucible is 185 mm; the through hole at the bottom of the crucible is 50 mm.
The ceramic pipe with the flange is made of zirconia, the outer diameter of the ceramic pipe 9 is 49mm, the wall thickness is 5mm, the inner diameter is 39mm, the height is 50mm, and the diameter of the flange is 70 mm.
The graphite pipe 8 with the flange is made of compact high-purity graphite treated by a zirconia coating, the outer diameter of the graphite pipe is 38mm, the wall thickness of the graphite pipe is 5mm, the inner diameter of the graphite pipe is 28mm, the length of the graphite pipe is 60mm, and the diameter of the flange is 50 mm.
Wherein, 5 inner walls of outer crucible and 3 outer walls of graphite pipe, 3 inner walls of graphite pipe and 1 outer walls of inner crucible, take flange ceramic pipe inner wall and take flange 8 outer walls of graphite pipe, take flange 8 inner walls of graphite pipe and honeycomb duct 7 outer walls between all pour with zircon sand and water glass and connect into a whole. In the pouring process of the composite crucible, the upper end edge of the graphite pipe 3 and the lower end edge of the graphite pipe 8 with the flange are both buried in the pouring material, and the buried depth is not less than 3 mm.
In the using process, the crucible after pouring and drying is directly placed into the first induction heating coil 10 and the second induction heating coil 10, and then normal temperature rise can be achieved for use. The composite crucible is adopted to cast platinum-rhodium alloy melt (rhodium content of 20 weight percent) in a rotating way, and high-pressure water is used as an atomizing medium to prepare the alloy powder material. And (3) starting the first induction heating coil 6 and the second induction heating coil 10 for the transfer-casting composite crucible while melting and refining the platinum-rhodium alloy (the melting point of the PtRh20 alloy is 1930 ℃), setting the temperature in the composite crucible to be 2230 ℃, transferring the alloy melt into the transfer-casting composite crucible after refining and melting are finished, and starting the atomizing device to start preparing platinum-rhodium alloy powder. By the rotary casting composite crucible with good constant temperature performance and the draft tube 7, the alloy powder material with uniform powder granularity can be prepared.
Specific example 2
The transfer casting composite crucible is also provided with an inner layer crucible 1, a graphite tube 3, an outer layer crucible 5 and a first induction heating coil 6 from inside to outside, wherein the outer wall of the inner layer crucible 1 is connected with the inner wall of the graphite tube 3 by inner layer casting filler 2; the outer wall of the graphite tube 3 is connected with the outer crucible 5 by outer pouring filler 4 made of the same material. The graphite pipe 3 and the graphite pipe 8 with the flange are sealed in the inner-layer pouring filler 2 and the outer-layer pouring filler 4.
Wherein, the inner crucible 1 and the draft tube 7 are integrally formed, a flat-bottom crucible is adopted, the materials are all alumina, the inner diameter of the inner crucible 1 is 120mm, the wall thickness is 10mm, the outer diameter is 140mm, and the height of the crucible is 250 mm. The central hole at the bottom of the inner crucible 1 is the same as the inner diameter of the guide pipe 7, the inner diameter of the guide pipe 7 is 10mm, the wall thickness of the guide pipe 7 is 10mm, the outer diameter of the guide pipe 7 is 30mm, and the height of the guide pipe 7 is 150 mm.
The graphite tube 3 is a compact high-purity graphite tube 3 treated by a silicon carbide coating, the inner diameter of the graphite tube 3 is 160mm, the wall thickness of the graphite tube is 10mm, the outer diameter of the graphite tube is 180mm, and the length of the graphite tube 3 is 270 mm.
The outer crucible 5 is flat and provided with a through hole at the bottom, the inner diameter of the crucible is 210mm, the wall thickness is 10mm, the outer diameter is 230mm, and the height of the crucible is 300 mm; the through hole at the bottom of the crucible is 120 mm.
The ceramic tube with the flange is made of zirconia, the inner diameter of the ceramic tube 9 is 100mm, the wall thickness is 10mm, the outer diameter is 120mm, the height is 130mm, and the diameter of the flange is 140 mm.
The graphite pipe 8 with the flange is made of compact high-purity graphite treated by a silicon carbide coating, the inner diameter of the graphite pipe is 50mm, the wall thickness of the graphite pipe is 10mm, the outer diameter of the graphite pipe is 70mm, the height of the graphite pipe is 140mm, and the flange plate is 90 mm.
Wherein, 5 inner walls of outer crucible and 3 outer walls of graphite pipe, 3 inner walls of graphite pipe and 1 outer walls of inner crucible, take flange ceramic pipe inner wall and take flange 8 outer walls of graphite pipe, take flange 8 inner walls of graphite pipe and honeycomb duct 7 outer walls between all pour with zircon sand and water glass and connect into a whole. In the process of pouring the composite crucible, the upper end edge of the graphite pipe 3 and the lower end edge of the graphite pipe 8 with the flange are both buried in the pouring material, and the buried depth is 5 mm.
In the using process, the crucible after pouring and drying is directly placed into the first induction heating coil 10 and the second induction heating coil 10, and then normal temperature rise can be achieved for use.
The composite crucible is adopted to transfer and cast the platinum-palladium alloy melt, and high-pressure water vapor is used as an atomizing medium to prepare the alloy powder material. And (3) starting the first induction heating coil 6 and the second induction heating coil 10 for the rotary casting composite crucible while melting and refining the platinum-palladium alloy (the melting point is above 1600 ℃), setting the temperature inside the rotary casting composite crucible at 1800 ℃, after refining and melting are finished, casting the alloy melt into the composite crucible, and starting the atomizing device to prepare platinum-palladium alloy powder. By the composite crucible with good constant temperature performance and the draft tube 7, the alloy powder material with uniform powder granularity can be prepared.
The step and the method for installing and pouring the transfer pouring composite crucible comprise the following steps:
firstly, preparation work before installation and pouring
(1) According to actual requirements, an inner layer crucible 1, a graphite pipe 3, an outer layer crucible 5, a graphite pipe 8 with a flange, a ceramic pipe with a flange, pouring filler, water glass and other required tools with proper specification size and materials are selected.
(2) The pouring filler is mixed with the water glass, and the pouring filler can be selected from zircon sand, corundum sand and the like, but is preferably selected from the filling material which is the same as the crucible in material. The diameter of the filler particles is between 250 and 420 μm; and mixing and stirring the pouring material and the sodium silicate aqueous solution uniformly for later use.
Second, the installation of the composite crucible of rotating and casting is poured
(1) The outer crucible 5 is placed on a circular table with a through hole in the center. The inner diameter of the circular truncated cone is larger than the diameter of the through hole of the outer-layer crucible 5, so that the circular truncated cone can be smoothly assembled into the through hole of the outer-layer crucible 5 when the flanged ceramic tube and the flanged graphite tube 8 are installed subsequently; the wall thickness of the round table is larger than the outer diameter of the outer-layer crucible 5, so that the bottom of the crucible is uniformly stressed when force is applied in the pouring process.
(2) A layer of pouring material with the thickness of 3 mm-5 mm is paved at the bottom of the outer crucible 5.
(3) And (3) enabling the ceramic pipe with the flange to penetrate through the through hole of the outer-layer crucible 5, keeping the flange part inside the outer-layer crucible 5, and tightly pressing the flange plate by using a wood rod or a rubber rod to compact the casting material below the flange plate. The outer diameter of the selected ceramic tube 9 is matched with the inner diameter of the through hole of the crucible as much as possible (usually, the outer diameter of the ceramic tube 9 is about 1-2 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole), and if the size deviation of the ceramic tube 9 and the through hole is large, the center of the ceramic tube 9 and the center of the outer-layer crucible 5 need to be centered in the assembling process.
(4) A layer of pouring material with the thickness of 3 mm-5 mm is paved at the bottom of the outward crucible 5 and above the flange of the ceramic tube 9.
(5) The method comprises the following steps of enabling a graphite pipe 8 with a flange to penetrate through a ceramic pipe 9, enabling the flange of the graphite pipe 8 with the flange to be arranged above the flange of the ceramic pipe with the flange, enabling pouring materials of 3-5 mm to be arranged between the flange of the ceramic pipe with the flange and the flange of the graphite pipe 8 with the flange, and enabling the graphite pipe 3 flange plate to be tightly pressed by a wood stick or a glue stick to enable the pouring materials below the graphite pipe 3 flange plate to be compacted. During the assembly process, the center of the graphite pipe 8 with the flange and the center of the outer crucible 5 are centered.
(6) The graphite pipe 3 is installed, the graphite pipe 3 matched with the inner diameter of the outer crucible 5 is placed in the outer crucible 5, the center of the graphite pipe 3 and the center of the outer crucible 5 are centered, the graphite pipe 3 is compacted by force, and the upper end edge of the graphite pipe 3 is 3-5 mm lower than the upper end edge of the outer crucible 5 after compaction. After the upper end edge of the graphite tube 3 is centered and meets the requirement, continuously adding pouring materials into the gap between the graphite tube 3 and the outer crucible 5, adding the pouring materials while tamping the pouring materials by using a slender rod until the pouring materials are added and tamped to the upper end edge of the graphite tube 3, and finishing the filling of the outer pouring filler 4.
(7) Installing the inner crucible 1, adding pouring materials around the inner wall of the graphite tube 3 and tamping, then placing the inner crucible 1 with the draft tube 7 in the graphite tube 3, and enabling the draft tube 7 to partially penetrate through the flanged graphite tube 8 at the lower end. And (3) forcibly rotating and pressing the inner crucible 1 to compact the casting material below the inner crucible 1. After compaction, the upper end edge of the inner crucible 1 is flush with the upper end edge of the outer crucible 5, and the lower end edge of the draft tube 7 is flush with the lower end edge of the ceramic tube 9 with the flange. And then adding a pouring material into the gap between the inner-layer crucible 1 and the graphite tube 3, tamping the pouring material by using a slender rod while adding the pouring material until the pouring material is leveled with the upper end edges of the two layers of crucibles, and finishing the filling of the inner-layer pouring filler 2. Note that: the upper end of the graphite pipe 3 is buried for 3-5 mm in depth by pouring materials.
(8) And after the upper part of the composite crucible is poured, the rotary casting composite crucible is removed from the circular table, the rotary casting composite crucible is turned over, and the rotary casting composite crucible is inverted on the flat ground.
(9) Pouring the honeycomb duct 7 part, firstly adding a pouring material into a gap between the ceramic tube with the flange and the graphite tube with the flange 8, and tamping while adding until the pouring material is flush with the lower end edge of the graphite tube with the flange 8; then, pouring materials are added into the gap between the graphite pipe 8 with the flange and the honeycomb duct 7 of the inner crucible 1, and tamping is carried out while adding until the pouring materials are flush with the lower ends of the honeycomb duct 7 and the ceramic pipe with the flange.
Third, post-treatment of rotary casting composite crucible
Drying the poured composite crucible in the shade under the natural ventilation condition, wherein the drying time in the shade is more than 48 h; then the crucible dried in the shade is placed in an oven to be dried, the drying temperature is 150-250 ℃, and the drying time is 5-10 h.
The transfer casting composite crucible provided by the invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A transfer-casting composite crucible is used for preparing platinum-based alloy powder by an atomization method, and is characterized by comprising an inner-layer crucible (1), an outer-layer crucible (5), a flow guide pipe (7), a ceramic pipe (9), a graphite assembly and an induction heating coil assembly for heating the graphite assembly; honeycomb duct (7) intercommunication the bottom and the two integrated into one piece of inlayer crucible (1), outer crucible (5) are located the periphery of inlayer crucible (1) and set up and supply honeycomb duct (7) wear to establish the through-hole, ceramic pipe (9) are located the periphery of honeycomb duct (7) and with outer crucible (5) are connected, graphite subassembly equipartition in outer crucible (5) with between inlayer crucible (1) and honeycomb duct (7) with between ceramic pipe (9).
2. A transfer composite crucible according to claim 1, wherein the graphite assembly comprises a graphite tube (3) arranged between the inner crucible (1) and the outer crucible (5) and a flanged graphite tube (8) arranged between the ceramic tube (9) and the draft tube (7), the flanged graphite tube (8) having a flange diameter larger than the diameter of the through hole;
the induction heating coil assembly comprises a first induction heating coil (6) which is arranged on the periphery of the outer-layer crucible (5) in a layered mode along the axial direction and a second induction heating coil (10) which is arranged on the periphery of the ceramic tube (9) in a layered mode along the axial direction.
3. A transfer composite crucible according to claim 2, wherein the ceramic tube (9) is a flanged ceramic tube having a diameter matching the diameter of the through hole, the flanged ceramic tube having a flange diameter larger than the diameter of the through hole.
4. The transfer composite crucible according to claim 3, wherein the inner layer pouring filler (2) is arranged between the graphite pipe (3) and the inner layer crucible (1) and between the flanged graphite pipe (8) and the draft tube (7).
5. A transfer composite crucible according to claim 4, wherein an outer casting filler (4) is arranged between the graphite tube (3) and the outer crucible (5) and between the flanged graphite tube (8) and the flanged ceramic tube.
6. A transfer composite crucible according to any of claims 2 to 5, wherein the graphite tube (3) and the flanged graphite tube (8) are provided with an oxidation resistant coating on their surfaces.
7. A transfer casting composite crucible according to claim 6, characterized in that the height h and the diameter d of the flow guide pipe (7) are 10-20 d.
8. A transfer composite crucible according to claim 7, wherein the buried depth of the upper end of the graphite tube (3) and the lower end of the flanged graphite tube (8) are both greater than or equal to 3 mm.
9. A transfer composite crucible according to claim 8, characterized in that the inner crucible (1), the outer crucible (5) and the ceramic tube (9) are of the same material.
10. A transfer composite crucible according to claim 9 wherein the induction heating coil assembly is a water cooled copper tube.
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