CN112983515B

CN112983515B - Supporting device for tunnel portal construction and construction method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112983515B
Application number: CN202110318643.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭锋锋; 刘解放; 张永杰; 孙卫松; 黄思凝
Original assignee: China University of Petroleum East China; CCCC Tunnel Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: China University of Petroleum East China; CCCC Tunnel Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-03-25
Filing date: 2021-03-25
Publication date: 2023-04-25
Anticipated expiration: 2041-03-25
Also published as: CN112983515A

Abstract

The invention relates to a supporting device for tunnel portal construction and a construction method thereof, which belong to the technical field of tunnel portal construction, and discloses a supporting device for tunnel portal construction.

Description

Supporting device for tunnel portal construction and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel portal construction, and relates to a supporting device for tunnel portal construction and a construction method thereof.

Background

The tunnel portal is used for keeping the tunnel portal upward slope and the cutting slope stable; collecting and removing ground water flow; is convenient for building construction treatment. The main form of the tunnel portal is 1, a ring frame type portal. The lining is slightly extended out of the hole, the thickness of the lining is increased, and the hole ring frame is formed, so that the lining is suitable for occasions with hard stone and steep topography at the hole without drainage requirements. 2. End wall type tunnel portal. The method is suitable for a tunnel portal with wide terrain and basically stable stratum; the device has the functions of supporting the opening of the tunnel to face upward and collecting and discharging the water flow of the face upward. 3. Wing wall type tunnel portal. The wing walls are additionally arranged on the side surfaces of the end walls to form the end walls, so that the end walls are supported and the stability of cut side slopes is protected, and the end walls are suitable for holes with poor geological conditions; the top surface of the wing wall is consistent with the extension surface of the upward slope, and a ditch is arranged on the wing wall, so that the surface water collected by the upward slope and the top of the hole is discharged into the cutting side ditch. In addition, when the terrain is steeper, the geological conditions are worse, and the wing wall type portal is set up and limited by the terrain conditions, piers can be arranged in the end wall to increase the stability of the end wall, and such portal is called a column portal. It is beautiful and suitable for suburb, scenic spot or tunnel entrance. In mountain areas, in order to reduce the excavation height of a downhill slope and the excavation amount of earth and stone, the top of the end wall can be shaped like a step corresponding to the gradient of the earth surface, which is called a step-type portal.

The supporting device is needed to be used in the construction of a tunnel portal, but the existing supporting device cannot be well attached to the tunnel portal of the tunnel, so that the supporting effect is not ideal, and the top of the tunnel is uneven due to a certain slope, so that the effective contact surface between the existing supporting device and the top of the tunnel portal is small, the supporting effect can be reduced, the supporting device does not have the function of protecting falling rocks, timely alarm cannot be carried out when the falling rocks occur, the safety coefficient is low, and the supporting device for the construction of the tunnel portal and the construction method thereof are provided for solving the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a supporting device for tunnel portal construction and a construction method thereof, which are used for solving the problems that the existing supporting device for tunnel portal construction cannot be suitable for portals with different slopes and has a narrow application range.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

the utility model provides a supporting device is used in tunnel portal construction, includes the base, two sleeves that the top fixedly connected with symmetry set up of base, one side inner wall sliding connection of sleeve has the lifter, one side of lifter is provided with the fixed subassembly that is used for fixing the lifter, two the top fixedly connected with of lifter is the same semi-circular backplate, the first fixed plate of inner wall fixedly connected with of semi-circular backplate, the bottom of first fixed plate is provided with the lifting unit who is used for making first fixed plate go up and down, the top fixedly connected with bearing of base, the inner wall rotation of bearing is connected with the rotary drum, the outside of rotary drum is provided with the drive assembly who is used for driving lifting unit, the top fixedly connected with reinforcing plate of semi-circular backplate, the top of semi-circular backplate is provided with the adjusting part that is used for the adaptation portal, the equal fixedly connected with in both sides of semi-circular backplate is used for sending danger information's alarm subassembly.

Further, fixed subassembly is including seting up a plurality of draw-in grooves and the fixture block of a plurality of sliding connection in sleeve one side at lifter one side, fixture block and draw-in groove looks block, the one end of fixture block runs through sleeve and the first arm-tie of fixedly connected with, the outer wall fixed cover of fixture block is equipped with the cover board, one side fixedly connected with second spring of cover board, a plurality of the one end fixedly connected with of second spring is same second arm-tie, two gag lever posts that telescopic one side fixedly connected with symmetry set up, one side of gag lever post is inconsistent with one side of second arm-tie, and a plurality of the fixture block all runs through the second arm-tie, the second spring housing is established on the fixture block, the inside threaded connection of second arm-tie has two bolts that the symmetry set up, bolt and gag lever post threaded connection for guarantee that the lifter can not fall easily, and then hoisting device's stability.

Further, lifting unit includes fixed box of fixed connection in first fixed plate bottom, the bottom fixedly connected with second screw rod of fixed box, the outer wall of second screw rod and the inner wall threaded connection of rotary drum, two the equal fixedly connected with first fixed block in one side that the sleeve is close to each other, one side rotation of first fixed block is connected with the connecting rod, one end rotation of connecting rod is connected with the second fixed block, the first slider of top fixedly connected with of second fixed block, the bottom fixedly connected with of first fixed plate and the first slide rail of first slider looks adaptation, first slide rail and first slider sliding connection, the fourth slide rail of one side inner wall fixedly connected with of sleeve, one side fixedly connected with of lifter and the fourth slider sliding connection of fourth slide rail looks for improve the steadiness of first fixed plate.

Further, lifting unit still includes two fixed connection two the push rod of one side that the second fixed block is close to each other, two the one end that the push rod is close to each other all runs through the fixed box and extends to the inside of fixed box, the top inner wall and the bottom inner wall fixedly connected with same second fixed plate of fixed box, two the one end that the push rod is close to each other is all fixedly connected with sliding plate, two the equal fixedly connected with of one side that the sliding plate is close to each other two first extension springs that the symmetry set up, four the one end of first extension spring respectively with the both sides fixed connection of second fixed plate, the top inner wall fixedly connected with two second slide rails that the symmetry set up of fixed box, the top fixedly connected with of sliding plate and the second slider of second slide rail looks adaptation, second slider and second slide rail sliding connection, the both sides inner wall fixedly connected with of fixed box two slide bars, the slide bar runs through second fixed plate and sliding plate, sliding connection with sliding plate for the second fixed block can not rebound easily, and then improves device's stability.

Further, the drive assembly includes that fixed connection establishes the second gear at the rotary drum outer wall at the drive box at base top and fixed cover, the bottom inner wall fixedly connected with positive and negative motor of drive box, the output shaft fixedly connected with pivot of positive and negative motor, the top of pivot runs through the drive box and fixedly connected with first gear, first gear meshes with the second gear mutually, does not need the manpower to realize the lift of device, has alleviateed workman's work burden.

Further, the adjusting part comprises a plurality of first screw rods which are connected with the top of the semicircular support plate in a threaded mode, the top of each first screw rod is rotationally connected with a protruding block, one side of each protruding block is fixedly connected with two second tension springs which are symmetrically arranged, one end of each second tension spring is fixedly connected with one side of the semicircular support plate, the bottom of each first screw rod penetrates through the semicircular support plate and is fixedly connected with a hand wheel, the contact surface between the device and the top of a hole is larger, and the supporting effect is better.

Further, the alarm assembly comprises two third fixing plates fixedly connected to two sides of the semicircular support plate and two acousto-optic alarms fixedly connected to two sides of the semicircular support plate, the top of the third fixing plate is fixedly connected with a micro switch and a first spring, the micro switch is electrically connected with the acousto-optic alarms, two sides of the semicircular support plate are slidably connected with support blocks, the bottoms of the support blocks are fixedly connected with the tops of the first springs, the top of the support blocks is fixedly connected with a bearing plate which is obliquely arranged, one side of the support block is fixedly connected with a third sliding block, one side of the semicircular support plate is fixedly connected with a third sliding rail which is matched with the third sliding block, and the third sliding rail is slidably connected with the third sliding block and used for reminding constructors of timely surveying or evacuating.

Further, a plurality of constant head tanks have been seted up to the bottom of lifter, telescopic bottom inner wall fixedly connected with a plurality of locating pieces, locating piece and constant head tank looks adaptation prevent that the lifter from taking place the skew at the lift in-process.

Further, the top fixedly connected with symmetry of first fixed plate sets up two second backup pads, two the top of second backup pad all with the top inner wall fixed connection of semi-circular backplate, two the equal fixedly connected with third backup pad in one side that the second backup pad kept away from each other, one end and one side inner wall fixed connection of semi-circular backplate of third backup pad, two one side fixedly connected with same first backup pad that the second backup pad is close to each other is triangle-shaped between first backup pad, second backup pad and the third backup pad, and stability is good, has promoted the supporting effect of device.

The construction method of the supporting device for tunnel portal construction comprises the following steps:

s1, moving the device to a tunnel portal, starting a forward and reverse motor to enable the forward and reverse motor to rotate forward, enabling an output shaft of the forward and reverse motor to drive a rotating shaft to rotate, enabling the rotating shaft to drive a first gear to rotate, enabling the first gear to drive a second gear to rotate, enabling the second gear to drive a rotary drum to rotate, enabling the rotary drum to drive a second screw to vertically move upwards, enabling a second screw to drive a fixing box to vertically move upwards, enabling the fixing box to drive a first fixing plate to vertically move upwards, and enabling the first fixing plate to drive a semicircular support plate to vertically move upwards;

S2, the semicircular support guard plate drives the lifting rod to vertically move upwards, the lifting rod drives the clamping block to transversely move, the clamping block drives the sleeve plate to transversely move, the sleeve plate extrudes the second spring, the clamping block is released from the clamping state of the clamping groove until the hand wheel is completely attached to the hole, the clamping block is meshed with the clamping groove again, the first fixing plate drives the two connecting rods to rotate and move away from each other, the connecting rods drive the two push rods to move away from each other, the push rods drive the sliding plate to transversely move, and the sliding plate stretches the first tension spring;

s3, rotating a hand wheel, wherein the hand wheel drives a first screw rod to move in a direction away from the semicircular support plate, and the first screw rod drives a lug to move in a direction away from the semicircular support plate, so that the lug is abutted against the top of the hole, and the hole is convenient to adapt;

s4, when the stone falling from the hole is possibly dangerous, the stone falls on the bearing plate, the bearing plate drives the supporting block to vertically move downwards, the supporting block extrudes the first spring and is in conflict with the micro switch, and at the moment, the audible and visual alarm starts to alarm and is used for reminding constructors to survey or withdraw in time, and the safety coefficient is high;

s5, when the screw is required to be disassembled, the bolt is screwed out, the second pulling plate is pulled transversely by hands, the first pulling plate is driven to move transversely by the second pulling plate, the clamping block is driven to move transversely by the first pulling plate, the clamping block and the clamping groove are released, the forward-reverse motor is started again to enable the forward-reverse motor to rotate reversely, the output shaft of the forward-reverse motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, the rotating shaft drives the first gear to rotate, the first gear drives the second gear to rotate, the second gear drives the rotating drum to rotate, the rotating drum drives the second screw to move vertically downwards, the second screw drives the fixing box to move vertically downwards, the fixing box drives the first fixing plate to move vertically downwards, the semicircular supporting plate drives the lifting rod to move vertically downwards, the forward-reverse motor is closed at the moment, the screw bolt is screwed, the clamping block and the clamping groove are clamped again, and the next use is facilitated.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the supporting device for tunnel portal construction, the device is moved to the tunnel portal, the position selectivity is high, the device can be adjusted according to actual conditions, the semicircular supporting plate is finally driven to ascend by the forward and reverse motor, the phenomenon that the semicircular supporting plate is required to ascend by manpower is avoided, time and labor are wasted, the contact between the semicircular supporting plate driven by manpower and the top end of the tunnel portal is not fit enough, the supporting effect of driving the semicircular supporting plate by the forward and reverse motor is better, and the safety is higher.

2. According to the supporting device for tunnel portal construction, after the semicircular supporting plate moves to be in contact with the tunnel portal, the clamping blocks are meshed with the clamping grooves again, and the semicircular supporting plate can move downwards when the top of the device is subjected to larger pressure through the meshing of the clamping blocks and the clamping grooves, so that the supporting effect is poor, the supporting device is dangerous, and the device cannot fall easily due to the arrangement of the clamping blocks when dangerous situations occur, so that the safety is improved.

3. According to the supporting device for tunnel portal construction, the protruding blocks are abutted against the tops of the portals through the arrangement of the adjusting components, so that the portals can be conveniently adapted, the effective contact area of the device and the portals is larger, the supporting effect is better, and the situation that the effective contact area is too small to guarantee the safety of constructors when the device is arranged on uneven portals is avoided.

4. According to the supporting device for tunnel portal construction, when a stone falling in a tunnel portal is possibly dangerous, the stone falls on the bearing plate, the bearing plate drives the supporting block to vertically move downwards, the supporting block extrudes the first spring and is in contact with the micro switch, at the moment, the audible and visual alarm starts to alarm, so that constructors can be reminded of timely surveying or evacuating, and the safety coefficient is high.

5. According to the supporting device for tunnel portal construction, when the bolts are required to be disassembled, the second pulling plate is pulled transversely by hands, the clamping block and the clamping groove are further released, the forward and reverse motor is started again to enable the forward and reverse motor to rotate reversely, the output shaft of the forward and reverse motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, the rotating shaft drives the first gear to rotate, the first gear drives the second gear to rotate, the second gear drives the rotating drum to rotate, the rotating drum drives the second screw to vertically downwards move, the second screw drives the fixing box to vertically downwards move, the fixing box drives the first fixing plate to vertically downwards move, the first fixing plate drives the semicircular supporting plate to vertically downwards move, the lifting rod is driven to vertically downwards move, the forward and reverse motor is closed at the moment, the bolts are screwed, the clamping block and the clamping groove are clamped again, and the next use is facilitated.

6. The supporting device for tunnel portal construction disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the structure is compact, the lifting function of the whole device can be realized through the forward and reverse rotation of the forward and reverse rotation motor, when the supporting device is disassembled, only the bolts are needed to be screwed out, the second pulling plate is transversely pulled by hands, the supporting device is quick and convenient, time and labor are saved, the setting of the protruding blocks can be adapted to portals with different gradients, the application range is wide, the alarm assembly is arranged, the safety of constructors is greatly protected, the structure is simple, and the operation is convenient.

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the specification.

Drawings

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in the following preferred detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a main sectional structure of a supporting device for tunnel portal construction of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of section A of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the main sectional structure of the stationary box of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional view of the bowl and second screw of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional view of a reinforcement plate and a semicircular support shield of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of a supporting device for tunnel portal construction according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of section B of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the connection of the semicircular support shield and the first screw of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional front view of a sleeve according to the present invention;

fig. 10 is a bottom view of the lifter of the present invention.

Reference numerals: 1. a base; 2. a first gear; 3. a rotating shaft; 4. a forward and reverse rotation motor; 5. a drive box; 6. a bearing; 7. a rotating drum; 8. a second gear; 9. a connecting rod; 10. a lifting rod; 11. a reinforcing plate; 12. a first screw; 13. a bump; 14. a semicircular support plate; 15. a sleeve; 16. a first fixed block; 17. a second screw; 18. a first slide rail; 19. a first slider; 20. a fixed box; 21. a first support plate; 22. a second support plate; 23. a push rod; 24. a third support plate; 25. a second fixed block; 26. a first fixing plate; 27. a slide bar; 28. a second slide rail; 29. a second slider; 30. a second fixing plate; 31. a sliding plate; 32. a first tension spring; 33. a bearing plate; 34. an audible and visual alarm; 35. a micro-switch; 36. a third fixing plate; 37. a first spring; 38. a third slide rail; 39. a third slider; 40. a support block; 41. a hand wheel; 42. a fourth slide rail; 43. a fourth slider; 44. a positioning block; 45. a clamping groove; 46. a second spring; 47. a clamping block; 48. a first pulling plate; 49. a sleeve plate; 50. a bolt; 51. a second pulling plate; 52. a limit rod; 53. a positioning groove; 54. and a second tension spring.

Detailed Description

Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments merely illustrate the basic idea of the present invention by way of illustration, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

Wherein the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are shown in schematic, non-physical, and not intended to limit the invention; for the purpose of better illustrating embodiments of the invention, certain elements of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced and do not represent the size of the actual product; it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.

The same or similar reference numbers in the drawings of embodiments of the invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that, if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., that indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on the azimuth or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but not for indicating or suggesting that the referred device or element must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, so that the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are merely for exemplary illustration and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that the specific meaning of the above terms may be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-10, a supporting device for tunnel portal construction comprises a base 1, two sleeves 15 symmetrically arranged are fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, lifting rods 10 are slidably connected to the inner walls of one sides of the sleeves 15, fixing components for fixing the lifting rods 10 are arranged on one sides of the lifting rods 10, the same semicircular supporting plate 14 is fixedly connected to the tops of the two lifting rods 10, a first fixing plate 26 is fixedly connected to the inner walls of the semicircular supporting plate 14, lifting components for lifting the first fixing plate 26 are arranged at the bottom of the first fixing plate 26, bearings 6 are fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, a rotary drum 7 is rotatably connected to the inner walls of the bearings 6, driving components for driving the lifting components are arranged outside the rotary drum 7, reinforcing plates 11 are fixedly connected to the tops of the semicircular supporting plate 14, adjusting components for adapting to the portal are arranged at the tops of the semicircular supporting plate 14, and warning components for sending dangerous information are fixedly connected to the two sides of the semicircular supporting plate 14.

According to the invention, the lifting assembly comprises a fixed box 20 fixedly connected to the bottom of a first fixed plate 26, a second screw rod 17 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed box 20, the outer wall of the second screw rod 17 is in threaded connection with the inner wall of a rotary drum 7, one sides of two sleeves 15, which are close to each other, are fixedly connected with a first fixed block 16, one side of the first fixed block 16 is rotatably connected with a connecting rod 9, one end of the connecting rod 9 is rotatably connected with a second fixed block 25, the top of the second fixed block 25 is fixedly connected with a first sliding block 19, the bottom of the first fixed plate 26 is fixedly connected with a first sliding rail 18 matched with the first sliding block 19, the first sliding rail 18 is in sliding connection with the first sliding block 19, one side inner wall of each sleeve 15 is fixedly connected with a fourth sliding rail 42, one side of the lifting rod 10 is fixedly connected with a fourth sliding block 43 matched with the fourth sliding rail 42, and the fourth sliding rail 42 are in sliding connection with the fourth sliding block 43, so that the stability of the first fixed plate 26 is improved.

In the invention, the lifting assembly further comprises two push rods 23 fixedly connected to one sides of the two second fixing blocks 25, which are close to each other, wherein one ends of the two push rods 23, which are close to each other, penetrate through the fixing box 20 and extend into the fixing box 20, the top inner wall and the bottom inner wall of the fixing box 20 are fixedly connected with the same second fixing plate 30, one ends of the two push rods 23, which are close to each other, are fixedly connected with sliding plates 31, one sides of the two sliding plates 31, which are close to each other, are fixedly connected with two first tension springs 32 symmetrically arranged, one ends of the four first tension springs 32 are respectively and fixedly connected with two sides of the second fixing plate 30, the top inner wall of the fixing box 20 is fixedly connected with two second sliding rails 28 symmetrically arranged, the top of the sliding plates 31 are fixedly connected with second sliding blocks 29 matched with the second sliding rails 28, the second sliding blocks 29 are in sliding connection with the second sliding rails 28, two sliding bars 27 are fixedly connected with the two side inner walls of the fixing box 20, the sliding bars 27 penetrate through the second fixing plate 30 and the sliding plates 31, the sliding plates 27 are in sliding connection with the sliding plates 31, so that the rebound stability of the second fixing blocks 25 cannot be easily improved.

In the invention, the driving assembly comprises a driving box 5 fixedly connected to the top of the base 1 and a second gear 8 fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotary drum 7, the inner wall of the bottom of the driving box 5 is fixedly connected with a forward and reverse rotation motor 4, the output shaft of the forward and reverse rotation motor 4 is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft 3, the top of the rotating shaft 3 penetrates through the driving box 5 and is fixedly connected with a first gear 2, the first gear 2 is meshed with the second gear 8, the lifting of the device is realized without manpower, and the work load of workers is reduced.

In the invention, the adjusting assembly comprises a plurality of first screws 12 which are connected with the top of a semicircular support plate 14 in a threaded manner, the top of each first screw 12 is rotatably connected with a convex block 13, one side of each convex block 13 is fixedly connected with two second tension springs 54 which are symmetrically arranged, one ends of the two second tension springs 54 are fixedly connected with one side of the semicircular support plate 14, and the bottom of each first screw 12 penetrates through the semicircular support plate 14 and is fixedly connected with a hand wheel 41.

The setting of adjusting part makes lug 13 inconsistent with the entrance to a cave top, and the adaptation entrance to a cave of being convenient for the device is bigger with the effective area of contact of entrance to a cave, and it is better to strut the effect, avoids when the device is set up in the uneven entrance to a cave, and effective area of contact is too little and plays the effect of guarantee constructor safety.

In the invention, the alarm assembly comprises two third fixing plates 36 fixedly connected to two sides of the semicircular support plate 14 and two audible and visual alarms 34 fixedly connected to two sides of the semicircular support plate 14, wherein the top of the third fixing plate 36 is fixedly connected with a micro switch 35 and a first spring 37, the micro switch 35 is electrically connected with the audible and visual alarms 34, two sides of the semicircular support plate 14 are both slidably connected with a supporting block 40, the bottom of the supporting block 40 is fixedly connected with the top of the first spring 37, the top of the supporting block 40 is fixedly connected with a bearing plate 33 which is obliquely arranged, one side of the supporting block 40 is fixedly connected with a third sliding block 39, one side of the semicircular support plate 14 is fixedly connected with a third sliding rail 38 which is matched with the third sliding block 39, and the third sliding rail 38 is slidably connected with the third sliding block 39 and used for reminding constructors to timely survey or withdraw, and the safety coefficient is high.

In the invention, a plurality of positioning grooves 53 are formed in the bottom of the lifting rod 10, a plurality of positioning blocks 44 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the sleeve 15, and the positioning blocks 44 are matched with the positioning grooves 53 to prevent the lifting rod 10 from shifting in the lifting process.

In the invention, the top of the first fixing plate 26 is fixedly connected with two symmetrically arranged second support plates 22, the tops of the two second support plates 22 are fixedly connected with the top inner wall of the semicircular support plate 14, one far side of the two second support plates 22 is fixedly connected with a third support plate 24, one end of the third support plate 24 is fixedly connected with one side inner wall of the semicircular support plate 14, one near side of the two second support plates 22 is fixedly connected with the same first support plate 21, and the first support plate 21, the second support plate 22 and the third support plate 24 are triangular, so that the stability is good, and the support effect of the device is improved.

Example two

This embodiment is a further improvement over the previous embodiment: as shown in fig. 1-10, a supporting device for tunnel portal construction comprises a base 1, two sleeves 15 symmetrically arranged are fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, lifting rods 10 are slidably connected to the inner walls of one sides of the sleeves 15, fixing components for fixing the lifting rods 10 are arranged on one sides of the lifting rods 10, the same semicircular supporting plate 14 is fixedly connected to the tops of the two lifting rods 10, a first fixing plate 26 is fixedly connected to the inner walls of the semicircular supporting plate 14, lifting components for lifting the first fixing plate 26 are arranged at the bottom of the first fixing plate 26, bearings 6 are fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, a rotary drum 7 is rotatably connected to the inner walls of the bearings 6, driving components for driving the lifting components are arranged outside the rotary drum 7, reinforcing plates 11 are fixedly connected to the tops of the semicircular supporting plate 14, adjusting components for adapting to the portal are arranged at the tops of the semicircular supporting plate 14, and warning components for sending dangerous information are fixedly connected to the two sides of the semicircular supporting plate 14.

In the invention, the fixing assembly comprises a plurality of clamping grooves 45 formed on one side of the lifting rod 10 and a plurality of clamping blocks 47 connected to one side of the sleeve 15 in a sliding manner, wherein the clamping blocks 47 are clamped with the clamping grooves 45, one end of each clamping block 47 penetrates through the sleeve 15 and is fixedly connected with a first pull plate 48, a sleeve plate 49 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of each clamping block 47, one side of the sleeve plate 49 is fixedly connected with a second spring 46, one end of each second spring 46 is fixedly connected with the same second pull plate 51, one side of the sleeve 15 is fixedly connected with two limiting rods 52 which are symmetrically arranged, one side of each limiting rod 52 is abutted against one side of each second pull plate 51, each clamping block 47 penetrates through each second pull plate 51, each second spring 46 is sleeved on each clamping block 47, two bolts 50 which are symmetrically arranged are connected with internal threads of each second pull plate 51, and each bolt 50 is in threaded connection with each limiting rod 52, and are used for guaranteeing that the lifting rod 10 cannot easily fall down, and the stability of the device is further improved.

In the invention, the adjusting component comprises a plurality of first screws 12 which are connected with the top of the semicircular support plate 14 in a threaded manner, the top of each first screw 12 is rotationally connected with a convex block 13, one side of each convex block 13 is fixedly connected with two second tension springs 54 which are symmetrically arranged, one ends of the two second tension springs 54 are fixedly connected with one side of the semicircular support plate 14, the bottom of each first screw 12 penetrates through the semicircular support plate 14 and is fixedly connected with a hand wheel 41, so that the contact surface between the device and the top of a hole is larger, and the supporting effect is better.

The advantages of the embodiment over the first embodiment are:

the plurality of clamping grooves 45 of the fixing assembly of the second embodiment of the invention are formed on one side of the lifting rod 10, the plurality of clamping blocks 47 are slidably connected on one side of the sleeve 15, the clamping blocks 47 are clamped with the clamping grooves 45, after the semicircular support plate 14 moves to collide with the hole, the clamping blocks 47 are meshed with the clamping grooves 45 again through the arrangement of the fixing assembly, when the top of the device is under large pressure, the semicircular support plate 14 can move downwards through the meshing of the plurality of clamping blocks 47 and the plurality of clamping grooves 45, the supporting effect is further deteriorated, the danger is relatively high, and when the dangerous situation occurs, the arrangement of the plurality of clamping blocks 47 ensures that the device cannot fall easily, and the safety is further improved.

A construction method of a supporting device for tunnel portal construction comprises the following steps:

s1, moving the device to a tunnel portal, starting a forward and reverse motor 4 to enable the forward and reverse motor 4 to rotate forward, enabling an output shaft of the forward and reverse motor 4 to drive a rotating shaft 3 to rotate, enabling the rotating shaft 3 to drive a first gear 2 to rotate, enabling the first gear 2 to drive a second gear 8 to rotate, enabling the second gear 8 to drive a rotary drum 7 to rotate, enabling the rotary drum 7 to drive a second screw 17 to vertically move upwards, enabling the second screw 17 to drive a fixed box 20 to vertically move upwards, enabling the fixed box 20 to drive a first fixed plate 26 to vertically move upwards, and enabling the first fixed plate 26 to drive a semicircular support plate 14 to vertically move upwards;

s2, the semicircular support guard plate 14 drives the lifting rod 10 to vertically move upwards, the lifting rod 10 pushes the clamping block 47 to transversely move, the clamping block 47 drives the sleeve plate 49 to transversely move, the sleeve plate 49 presses the second spring 46, at the moment, the clamping block 47 releases the clamping state with the clamping groove 45 until the hand wheel 41 is completely attached to the hole, the clamping block 47 is meshed with the clamping groove 45 again, the first fixing plate 26 drives the two connecting rods 9 to rotate and move away from each other, the connecting rods 9 drive the two push rods 23 to move away from each other, the push rods 23 drive the sliding plate 31 to transversely move, and the sliding plate 31 stretches the first tension spring 32;

S3, rotating a hand wheel 41, wherein the hand wheel 41 drives the first screw rod 12 to move in a direction away from the semicircular support plate 14, and the first screw rod 12 drives the protruding block 13 to move in a direction away from the semicircular support plate 14, so that the protruding block 13 is abutted against the top of the hole, and the hole with different specifications can be conveniently adapted;

s4, when the stone falling at the opening is possibly dangerous, the stone falls on the bearing plate 33, the bearing plate 33 drives the supporting block 40 to vertically move downwards, the supporting block 40 presses the first spring 37 and abuts against the micro switch 35, and at the moment, the audible and visual alarm 34 starts to alarm so as to remind constructors of timely surveying or evacuating, and the safety coefficient is high;

s5, when the dismounting is needed, the bolt 50 is unscrewed, the second pulling plate 51 is transversely pulled by hands, the second pulling plate 51 drives the first pulling plate 48 to transversely move, the first pulling plate 48 drives the clamping block 47 to transversely move, the clamping state of the clamping block 47 and the clamping groove 45 is further relieved, the forward and reverse motor 4 is started again to enable the forward and reverse motor 4 to reversely rotate, the output shaft of the forward and reverse motor 4 drives the rotating shaft 3 to rotate, the rotating shaft 3 drives the first gear 2 to rotate, the first gear 2 drives the second gear 8 to rotate, the second gear 8 drives the rotary drum 7 to rotate, the rotary drum 7 drives the second screw 17 to vertically move downwards, the second screw 17 drives the fixing box 20 to vertically move downwards, the fixing box 20 drives the first fixing plate 26 to vertically move downwards, the first fixing plate 26 drives the semicircular support plate 14 to vertically move downwards, the semicircular support plate 14 drives the lifting rod 10 to vertically move downwards, the forward and reverse motor 4 is closed at the moment, the bolt 50 is screwed, the clamping block 47 and the clamping groove 45 are enabled to be clamped again, and the next use is convenient.

When the supporting device for tunnel portal construction is used, the device is moved to a tunnel portal, the forward and reverse motor 4 is started to enable the forward and reverse motor 4 to rotate forward, the output shaft of the forward and reverse motor 4 drives the rotating shaft 3 to rotate, the rotating shaft 3 drives the first gear 2 to rotate, the first gear 2 drives the second gear 8 to rotate, the second gear 8 drives the rotary drum 7 to rotate, the rotary drum 7 drives the second screw 17 to vertically move upwards, the second screw 17 drives the fixed box 20 to vertically move upwards, the fixed box 20 drives the first fixed plate 26 to vertically move upwards, and the first fixed plate 26 drives the semicircular supporting plate 14 to vertically move upwards.

The semicircular support plate 14 drives the lifting rod 10 to vertically move upwards, the lifting rod 10 pushes the clamping block 47 to transversely move, the clamping block 47 drives the sleeve plate 49 to transversely move, the sleeve plate 49 presses the second spring 46, at this time, the clamping block 47 releases the clamping state with the clamping groove 45, when the hand wheel 41 is completely attached to a hole, the clamping block 47 is meshed with the clamping groove 45 again, the first fixing plate 26 drives the two connecting rods 9 to rotate and move away from each other, the connecting rods 9 drive the two push rods 23 to move away from each other, the push rods 23 drive the sliding plate 31 to transversely move, the sliding plate 31 stretches the first tension spring 32, the hand wheel 41 is rotated, the hand wheel 41 drives the first screw 12 to move away from the semicircular support plate 14, the first screw 12 drives the protruding block 13 to move away from the semicircular support plate 14, and then the protruding block 13 is made to collide with the top of the hole, the hole is convenient to be matched with, when the hole is possibly dangerous, the stone is dropped on the bearing plate 33, the bearing plate 33 drives the supporting block 40 to vertically move downwards, the supporting block 40 presses the first spring 37 and abuts against the micro switch 35, and the acousto-optic alarm 34 is used for reminding a constructor to timely take a high-safety inspection alarm.

When the dismounting is needed, the bolt 50 is unscrewed, the second pulling plate 51 is transversely pulled by hands, the second pulling plate 51 drives the first pulling plate 48 to transversely move, the first pulling plate 48 drives the clamping block 47 to transversely move, the clamping state of the clamping block 47 and the clamping groove 45 is further relieved, the forward and reverse motor 4 is started again to enable the forward and reverse motor 4 to reversely rotate, the output shaft of the forward and reverse motor 4 drives the rotating shaft 3 to rotate, the rotating shaft 3 drives the first gear 2 to rotate, the first gear 2 drives the second gear 8 to rotate, the second gear 8 drives the rotary drum 7 to rotate, the rotary drum 7 drives the second screw 17 to vertically move downwards, the second screw 17 drives the fixing box 20 to vertically move downwards, the fixing box 20 drives the first fixing plate 26 to vertically move downwards, the first fixing plate 26 drives the semicircular support plate 14 to vertically move downwards, the lifting rod 10 is vertically moved downwards, the forward and reverse motor 4 is closed at the moment, the bolt 50 is screwed, the clamping block 47 and the clamping groove 45 are enabled to be clamped again, and the next use is facilitated.

Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The construction method of the supporting device for tunnel portal construction comprises a base (1), two sleeves (15) which are symmetrically arranged are fixedly connected to the top of the base (1), a lifting rod (10) is slidably connected to the inner wall of one side of each sleeve (15), a fixing component which is used for fixing the lifting rod (10) is arranged on one side of each lifting rod (10), each fixing component comprises a plurality of clamping grooves (45) which are formed in one side of each lifting rod (10) and a plurality of clamping blocks (47) which are slidably connected to one side of each sleeve (15), the clamping blocks (47) are clamped with the clamping grooves (45), one end of each clamping block (47) penetrates through each sleeve (15) and is fixedly connected with a first pulling plate (48), a sleeve plate (49) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of each clamping block (47), one side of each sleeve plate (49) is fixedly connected with a second spring (46), one end of each second spring (46) is fixedly connected with the same second pulling plate (51), one side of each sleeve (15) is fixedly connected with a plurality of clamping blocks (52) which are symmetrically arranged on one side of each clamping block (47), two limiting plates (52) are abutted against each second pulling plate (47), two bolts (50) which are symmetrically arranged are connected with the inner threads of the second pull plate (51), and the bolts (50) are connected with a limiting rod (52) in a threaded manner; the top fixedly connected with same semi-circular backplate (14) of two lifter (10), the inner wall fixedly connected with first fixed plate (26) of semi-circular backplate (14), the bottom of first fixed plate (26) is provided with the lift subassembly that is used for making first fixed plate (26) go up and down, the lift subassembly includes fixed box (20) of fixed connection in first fixed plate (26) bottom, the bottom fixedly connected with second screw rod (17) of fixed box (20), the outer wall of second screw rod (17) and the inner wall threaded connection of rotary drum (7), two one side that sleeve (15) are close to each other all fixedly connected with first fixed block (16), one side rotation of first fixed block (16) is connected with connecting rod (9), one end rotation of connecting rod (9) is connected with second fixed block (25), the top fixedly connected with first slider (19) of second fixed block (25), the bottom fixedly connected with of first fixed plate (26) and first slider (19) looks first slider (18), first slider (18) and fourth slider (42) are connected with first slider (18) looks fixedly connected with fourth slider (42), the lifting assembly further comprises two push rods (23) fixedly connected to one sides of the second fixing blocks (25) which are close to each other, one ends of the two push rods (23) which are close to each other penetrate through the fixing box (20) and extend to the inside of the fixing box (20), the top inner wall and the bottom inner wall of the fixing box (20) are fixedly connected with the same second fixing plate (30), one ends of the two push rods (23) which are close to each other are fixedly connected with sliding plates (31), one sides of the two sliding plates (31) which are close to each other are fixedly connected with two first tension springs (32) which are symmetrically arranged, one ends of the four first tension springs (32) are fixedly connected with two sides of the second fixing plate (30) respectively, the top inner wall of the fixing box (20) is fixedly connected with two second sliding rails (28) which are symmetrically arranged, the top of the sliding plates (31) is fixedly connected with a second sliding block (29) which is matched with the second sliding rail (28), the two sliding plates (29) are fixedly connected with the two sliding plates (27) which are fixedly connected with the two sliding plates (27), the sliding rod (27) is in sliding connection with the sliding plate (31); the top fixedly connected with bearing (6) of base (1), the inner wall of bearing (6) rotates and is connected with rotary drum (7), the outside of rotary drum (7) is provided with the drive assembly who is used for driving lifting unit, drive assembly includes drive box (5) and the fixed cover of being established at the second gear (8) of rotary drum (7) outer wall at base (1) top, the bottom inner wall fixedly connected with positive and negative rotation motor (4) of drive box (5), the output shaft fixedly connected with pivot (3) of positive and negative rotation motor (4), the top of pivot (3) runs through drive box (5) and fixedly connected with first gear (2), first gear (2) meshes with second gear (8); the top of the semicircular support protection plate (14) is fixedly connected with a reinforcing plate (11), an adjusting component used for adapting to a hole is arranged at the top of the semicircular support protection plate (14), the adjusting component comprises a plurality of first screws (12) which are connected to the top of the semicircular support protection plate (14) in a threaded mode, the tops of the first screws (12) are rotationally connected with protruding blocks (13), one side of each protruding block (13) is fixedly connected with two second tension springs (54) which are symmetrically arranged, one ends of the two second tension springs (54) are fixedly connected with one side of the semicircular support protection plate (14), and the bottoms of the first screws (12) penetrate through the semicircular support protection plate (14) and are fixedly connected with hand wheels (41); the alarm assembly comprises two third fixing plates (36) fixedly connected to two sides of the semicircular support plate (14) and two acousto-optic alarms (34) fixedly connected to two sides of the semicircular support plate (14), a micro switch (35) and a first spring (37) are fixedly connected to the top of the third fixing plate (36), the micro switch (35) is electrically connected with the acousto-optic alarms (34), supporting blocks (40) are slidably connected to two sides of the semicircular support plate (14), the bottom of each supporting block (40) is fixedly connected with the top of each first spring (37), a bearing plate (33) obliquely arranged is fixedly connected to the top of each supporting block (40), a third sliding block (39) is fixedly connected to one side of each supporting block (40), a third sliding rail (38) matched with the third sliding block (39) is fixedly connected to one side of the semicircular support plate (14), and the third sliding block (38) is slidably connected with the third sliding block (39), and the alarm assembly is characterized in that: the construction method comprises the following steps:

S1, moving a device to a tunnel portal, starting a forward and reverse motor (4) to enable the forward and reverse motor (4) to rotate forward, enabling an output shaft of the forward and reverse motor (4) to drive a rotating shaft (3) to rotate, enabling the rotating shaft (3) to drive a first gear (2) to rotate, enabling the first gear (2) to drive a second gear (8) to rotate, enabling the second gear (8) to drive a rotary drum (7) to rotate, enabling the rotary drum (7) to drive a second screw (17) to vertically move upwards, enabling a second screw (17) to drive a fixed box (20) to vertically move upwards, enabling the fixed box (20) to drive a first fixed plate (26) to vertically move upwards, and enabling the first fixed plate (26) to drive a semicircular support plate (14) to vertically move upwards;

s2, driving a lifting rod (10) to vertically move upwards by a semicircular support plate (14), driving a clamping block (47) to transversely move by the lifting rod (10), driving a sleeve plate (49) to transversely move by the clamping block (47), extruding a second spring (46) by the sleeve plate (49), releasing the clamping block (47) from the clamping groove (45) until the clamping block (47) is meshed with the clamping groove (45) again when a hand wheel (41) is completely attached to a hole, driving two connecting rods (9) to rotate and mutually separate by a first fixed plate (26), driving two push rods (23) to mutually separate by the connecting rods (9), driving a sliding plate (31) to transversely move by the push rods (23), and stretching a first tension spring (32) by the sliding plate (31);

S3, rotating a hand wheel (41), wherein the hand wheel (41) drives the first screw rod (12) to move in a direction away from the semicircular support plate (14), and the first screw rod (12) drives the protruding block (13) to move in a direction away from the semicircular support plate (14), so that the protruding block (13) is abutted against the top of the hole, and the hole is convenient to adapt;

s4, when the stone falls into the hole and is dangerous, the stone falls onto the bearing plate (33), the bearing plate (33) drives the supporting block (40) to vertically move downwards, the supporting block (40) extrudes the first spring (37) and props against the micro switch (35), at the moment, the audible and visual alarm (34) starts to alarm, so that constructors can be reminded of timely surveying or evacuating, and the safety coefficient is high;

s5, when dismantling, unscrew bolt (50), with horizontal pulling second arm-tie (51) of hand, second arm-tie (51) drive first arm-tie (48) lateral shifting, first arm-tie (48) drive fixture block (47) lateral shifting, and then the block state of canceling fixture block (47) and draw-in groove (45), start positive and negative motor (4) again and make positive and negative motor (4) reverse, the output shaft of positive and negative motor (4) drives pivot (3) and rotates, pivot (3) drive first gear (2) rotate, first gear (2) drive second gear (8) rotate, second gear (8) drive rotary drum (7) rotate, rotary drum (7) drive second screw (17) vertically move down, second screw (17) drive fixed box (20) vertically move down, fixed box (20) drive first fixed plate (26) vertically move down, semicircular support backplate (14) drive lifter (10) and are down moved, make clamp block (45) close down again, make forward and reverse (45) convenient for use of the clamp block.

2. The construction method of the supporting device for tunnel portal construction according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of positioning grooves (53) are formed in the bottom of the lifting rod (10), a plurality of positioning blocks (44) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the sleeve (15), and the positioning blocks (44) are matched with the positioning grooves (53).