CN112983389A - Method for designing double two-dimensional combined three-dimensional horizontal well track - Google Patents

Method for designing double two-dimensional combined three-dimensional horizontal well track Download PDF

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CN112983389A
CN112983389A CN202110272041.6A CN202110272041A CN112983389A CN 112983389 A CN112983389 A CN 112983389A CN 202110272041 A CN202110272041 A CN 202110272041A CN 112983389 A CN112983389 A CN 112983389A
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石建刚
路宗羽
席传明
吴继伟
熊超
张楠
叶雨晨
王雪刚
赵廷峰
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Petrochina Co Ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for designing a double two-dimensional combined three-dimensional horizontal well track. The design method of the double two-dimensional combined three-dimensional horizontal well track comprises the following steps: determining a first axis D, a second axis N and a third axis E which are perpendicular to each other by taking the well mouth as a central point O; determining an upper track of the horizontal well according to a two-dimensional track design method; determining a lower track of the horizontal well according to a two-dimensional track design method; wherein, the terminal point of the upper track is the starting point of the lower track, the upper track is positioned on the first vertical plane passing through the wellhead, and the lower track is positioned on the second vertical plane passing through the horizontal section. The invention solves the problem that the well track of the three-dimensional horizontal well is difficult to control in the prior art.

Description

Method for designing double two-dimensional combined three-dimensional horizontal well track
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of petroleum drilling engineering, in particular to a method for designing a double two-dimensional combined three-dimensional horizontal well track.
Background
In the field of oil drilling engineering, a horizontal well refers to a directional well in which the axis of a borehole is nearly horizontal (the inclination angle of the well is about 90 °) when entering a target zone and extends for a certain length in the target zone. If the borehole tracks (which refer to the pre-designed borehole axes) of one horizontal well are positioned on the same vertical plane, the horizontal well is called a two-dimensional horizontal well; if the well hole tracks of one horizontal well are not on the same vertical plane, the horizontal well is called a three-dimensional horizontal well. Compared with a two-dimensional horizontal well, the three-dimensional horizontal well track has higher design and construction difficulty. Three-dimensional horizontal well track design models and solving methods are established at home and abroad since the last 90 th century. The traditional three-dimensional horizontal well track is provided with a three-dimensional variable-direction well section which simultaneously plays roles of twisting azimuth and increasing inclination, so that the well section is relatively long, the control difficulty of the well track is increased, and the drilling speed is also influenced.
That is to say, the problem that the well track is difficult to control exists in the three-dimensional horizontal well in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method for designing a double-two-dimensional combined three-dimensional horizontal well track, which aims to solve the problem that a three-dimensional horizontal well in the prior art is difficult to control a well track.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a method for designing a double two-dimensional combined three-dimensional horizontal well track, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: determining a first axis D, a second axis N and a third axis E which are perpendicular to each other by taking the well mouth as a central point O; determining an upper track of the horizontal well according to a two-dimensional track design method; determining the lower part track of the horizontal well according to a two-dimensional track design method; wherein, the terminal point of the upper track is the starting point of the lower track, the upper track is positioned on the first vertical plane passing through the wellhead, and the lower track is positioned on the second vertical plane passing through the horizontal section.
Further, determining the upper track of the horizontal well according to a two-dimensional track design method comprises: extending from the center point O to the first axis D by a distance DaWhen the deviation reaches a first deflecting point a, the track from the central point O to the first deflecting point a is a first straight well section; presetting upper orbit azimuth angle phibThe upper track is located through the center point O and the upper track azimuth angle phibOn the first vertical plane. On the first vertical plane, the distance R from the first axis D with the first deflecting point a as the starting point11Determining a first stable inclination point b for making an arc line with the radius and the point M as a first circle center, wherein the first stable inclination point b corresponds to the well inclination angle alphabThe track from the first deflecting point a to the first stable deflecting point b is a first deflection increasing section; taking the first stable inclination point b as a starting point and along a well inclination angle alphabExtend a distance L in the direction ofW1When the slope is reduced to a slope reducing point c, the track from the first slope stabilizing point b to the slope reducing point c is a first slope stabilizing section; the distance R between the starting point of the declination point c and the first stable slope section12Determining a straight well point D by taking an arc line as a radius and a point P as a second circle center, wherein the well inclination angle corresponding to the straight well point D is equal to 0, a connecting line between the point P and a declination point c is parallel to a connecting line between the point M and a first declination point b and is vertical to a first declination section, the connecting line between the straight well point D and the point P is vertical to a first axis D, a track from the declination point c to the straight well point D is a declination section, and the point M and the point P are positioned at two sides of the declination section; the vertical well point D extends to a second deflecting point e along the direction of the first axis D, and the vertical depth of the second deflecting point e is DeThe track from the straight well point d to the second deflecting point e is a second straight well section; the first straight well section, the first slope increasing section, the first slope stabilizing section, the slope descending section and the second straight well section form an upper track.
Further, determining the lower trajectory of the horizontal well according to a two-dimensional trajectory design method comprises: calculating the azimuth angle phi corresponding to the horizontal segment according to the preset coordinates of the target point t1 and the target point t2tI.e. lower track azimuth angle phitWith the lower track lying second through the horizontal sectionOn the vertical plane; on the second vertical plane, the distance R from the second deflecting point e as the starting point to the second straight well section21An arc is made as the third circle center by the radius and the point Q to form a third arc, and the distance R from the horizontal segment by taking the target point t1 as the starting point22An arc line is made for the radius and the point R is the fourth circle center to form a fourth arc line; making an external common tangent line on the third arc line and the fourth arc line, wherein the tangent point of the external common tangent line and the third arc line is a second stable slope point f, and the second stable slope point f corresponds to the well slope angle alphafThe track from the second deflecting point e to the second deflection stabilizing point f is a second deflection increasing section, the tangent point of the external common tangent line and the fourth arc line is a third deflection increasing point g, the track from the third deflection increasing point g to the target point t1 is a third deflection increasing section, and the track from the second deflection stabilizing point f to the third deflection increasing point g is a second deflection stabilizing section; starting at target point t1, along the angle αtExtends to the target point t2, the trajectory from the target point t1 to the target point t2 is a horizontal segment, and the length of the horizontal segment is Δ Lt。
Further, the upper track satisfies formula (1):
Figure BDA0002974982460000021
the lower track satisfies formula (2):
Figure BDA0002974982460000022
the included angle between the first vertical plane of the upper track and the second axis N direction is the azimuth angle phi of the upper trackbThe included angle between the second vertical plane of the lower track and the second axis N direction is the lower track azimuth angle phitUpper track azimuth angle phibAzimuth angle phi with respect to the lower tracktThere is a correlation and equation (3) is satisfied
Figure BDA0002974982460000023
Wherein D isaIs a first deflecting pointThe vertical depth of a, unit: m; r11First whipstock radius, unit: m; r12Declination radius, unit: m; alpha is alphabIs the first slope section well inclination angle, unit: (iv) DEG; l isW1Is the segment length of the first ramp segment, unit: m; ddVertical depth of vertical well point d, unit: m; cdThe closing distance corresponding to the vertical well point d is as follows: m; deIs the vertical depth of the second oblique point e, unit: m; r21Is the second whipstock radius, in units: m; alpha is alphafIs the well inclination angle of the second stable inclination section, unit: m; l isW2The length of the second oblique stabilizing section; r22Third radius of increase, unit: m; alpha is alphatHorizontal section angle of inclination, unit: (iv) DEG; dtIs the target point t1 vertical depth, unit: m; cetHorizontal distance from the second whipstock point e to the target point t1, in units: m; ceThe closure distance corresponding to the second deflecting point e is as follows: m, Cd＝Ce；NtFor the N coordinate of target point t1, the unit: m, EtFor the E coordinate of target point t1, the unit: and m is selected.
Further, the vertical depth D of the first deflecting point a is presetaFirst deflecting radius R11Radius of declination R12Vertical depth D of vertical well point DdThen, the length L of the first steady inclined section is calculated by adopting the formulas (4) to (6)W1And a first slope section well inclination angle alphab，
Figure BDA0002974982460000031
When in use
Figure BDA0002974982460000032
When the formula is not solved, the construction conditions need to be adjusted, in which case the first deflecting point a should be moved upwards, or the straight well point d should be moved downwards, or the first deflecting radius R should be reduced11And decreasing the radius of declination R12；
When in use
Figure BDA0002974982460000033
When the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,length L of the first oblique stabilizing sectionW1And a first slope section well inclination angle alphabThe calculation formula is as formula (5)
Figure BDA0002974982460000034
When R ise1-Ce1When equal to 0, the length L of the first stable inclined sectionW1And a first slope section well inclination angle alphabThe calculation formula is as formula (6)
Figure BDA0002974982460000035
Further, a first whipstock radius R is set in advance11Radius of declination R12First stable inclination section well inclination angle alphabVertical depth D of vertical well point DdCalculating the vertical depth D of the first deflecting point a by adopting the formulas (7) to (9)aAnd a length L of the first ramp sectionW1：
Presetting upper orbit azimuth angle phib：
Figure BDA0002974982460000041
Not given upper track azimuth angle phi in advanceb：
Figure BDA0002974982460000042
Da＝Dd-(R11+R12)sinαb-Lw1cosαbFormula (9).
Further, the vertical depth D of the second deflecting point e is preseteSecond deflecting radius R21Third increased skew radius R22Calculating the length L of the second stable inclined section by using the formula (10) to the formula (12)W2And a second ramp section well angle αf：
Figure BDA0002974982460000043
When in use
Figure BDA0002974982460000044
The formula is not solved and the construction conditions need to be adjusted, in which case the second deflecting point e should be moved up or the second deflecting radius R should be reduced21And a third increased skew radius R22；
When in use
Figure BDA0002974982460000045
Length L of the second oblique-stabilizing segmentW2And a second ramp section well angle αfSolving by using equation (11):
Figure BDA0002974982460000046
when R ise2-Ce2When equal to 0, the length L of the second steady inclined sectionW2And a second ramp section well angle αfSolving using equation (12):
Figure BDA0002974982460000051
further, a second whipstock radius R is set in advance21Third increased skew radius R22And a second ramp section well angle αfCalculating the vertical depth D of the second deflecting point e by adopting the formula (13) to the formula (15)eAnd the length L of the second ramp sectionW2：
Presetting upper orbit azimuth angle phib：
Figure BDA0002974982460000052
The upper track azimuth angle phi is not set in advanceb：
Figure BDA0002974982460000053
De＝Dt-R21sinαf-Lw2cosαf-R22(sinαt-sinαf) Equation (15).
Further, when the collision prevention requirement of the upper rail is evaluated, the azimuth angle phi of the upper rail is presetbThe vertical depth D of the first deflecting point aaFirst deflecting radius R11Radius of declination R12Vertical depth D of vertical well point DdThe vertical depth D of the second inclined construction point eeThe solving steps of the double two-dimensional combined three-dimensional horizontal well track are as follows:
calculating the closure distance C of the second deflecting point e according to the formula (16)eAnd a horizontal distance C from the second deflecting point e to the target point t1et；
Figure BDA0002974982460000054
Wherein, CtThe closing distance corresponding to the target point t 1; phi is aotThe closing azimuth corresponding to the target point t 1; e from target point t1tAnd NtCan find CtAnd phiot；
Constructing an upper track, and calculating the length L of the first stable inclined section by adopting formulas (4) to (6)W1And a first slope section well inclination angle alphabOr calculating the vertical depth D of the first deflecting point a by adopting the formula (7) to the formula (9)aAnd a length L of the first ramp sectionW1(ii) a Constructing a lower track, and calculating the length L of the second stable inclined section by adopting formulas (10) to (12)W2And a second ramp section well angle αf(ii) a If the upper track azimuth angle phi is not set in advancebFirstly, the vertical depth D of the second deflecting point e is calculated by adopting the formula (13) to the formula (15)eAnd the length L of the second ramp sectionW2(ii) a All trajectory parameters for each point are calculated.
Further, the lower rail is evaluatedPresetting the vertical depth D of the second inclined point e when the drilling is in dangereSecond deflecting radius R21Third increased skew radius R22And a second stable inclination section well inclination angle alphafThe solving steps of the double two-dimensional combined three-dimensional horizontal well track are as follows:
constructing a lower track, and solving the length L of the second stable inclined section by adopting a formula (17)W2And CetHorizontal distance from the second kick-off point e to the target point t 1:
Figure BDA0002974982460000061
calculating the closure distance C of the second deflecting point e by adopting the formula (18) to the formula (20)eAnd upper track azimuth angle phib：
Figure BDA0002974982460000062
Figure BDA0002974982460000063
Figure BDA0002974982460000064
Constructing an upper track, and calculating the length L of the first stable inclined section by adopting formulas (4) to (6)W1And a first slope section well inclination angle alphabOr calculating the vertical depth D of the first deflecting point a by adopting the formula (7) to the formula (9)aAnd a length L of the first ramp sectionW1(ii) a All trajectory parameters for each point are calculated.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the method for designing the double two-dimensional combined three-dimensional horizontal well track comprises the steps of determining a first axis D (vertical depth), a second axis N (N coordinate) and a third axis E (E coordinate) which are perpendicular to each other by taking a well mouth as a central point O; determining an upper track of the horizontal well according to a two-dimensional track design method; determining a lower track of the horizontal well according to a two-dimensional track design method; the terminal point of the upper track is the starting point of the lower track, the upper track is positioned on a first vertical plane passing through the wellhead, and the lower track is positioned on a second vertical plane passing through the horizontal section.
Because the first vertical plane of the upper rail and the second vertical plane of the lower rail are not the same vertical plane, the upper rail and the lower rail are connected through a straight well section to form a three-dimensional horizontal well rail. When the upper track and the lower track are constructed respectively, only the upper track and the lower track need to be constructed on a two-dimensional plane, and a three-dimensional variable-direction well section does not need to be designed, so that the design of the three-dimensional horizontal well track is simpler, and the construction difficulty is reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 illustrates a flow diagram of a dual two-dimensional combination three-dimensional horizontal well track design method according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 2 shows a three-dimensional horizontal well trajectory diagram of an alternative embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 shows another angled three-dimensional horizontal well trajectory diagram of fig. 2.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
10. a first straight well section; 20. a first ramp section; 30. a first stable inclined section; 40. a declination section; 50. a second straight well section; 60. a second ramp section; 70. a second stable inclined section; 80. a third ramp section; 90. a horizontal segment.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
It is noted that, unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
In the present invention, unless specified to the contrary, use of the terms of orientation such as "upper, lower, top, bottom" or the like, generally refer to the orientation as shown in the drawings, or to the component itself in a vertical, perpendicular, or gravitational orientation; likewise, for ease of understanding and description, "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the components themselves, but the above directional words are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides a method for designing a double-two-dimensional combined three-dimensional horizontal well track, which aims to solve the problem that a three-dimensional horizontal well is difficult to control in the prior art.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the method for designing a dual two-dimensional combined three-dimensional horizontal well track includes determining a first axis D (vertical depth), a second axis N (N coordinate) and a third axis E (E coordinate) perpendicular to each other with a well head as a central point O; determining an upper track of the horizontal well according to a two-dimensional track design method; determining a lower track of the horizontal well according to a two-dimensional track design method; the terminal point of the upper track is the starting point of the lower track, the upper track is positioned on a first vertical plane passing through the wellhead, and the lower track is positioned on a second vertical plane passing through the horizontal section.
Because the first vertical plane of the upper rail and the second vertical plane of the lower rail are not the same vertical plane, the upper rail and the lower rail are connected through a straight well section to form a three-dimensional horizontal well rail. When the upper track and the lower track are constructed respectively, only the upper track and the lower track need to be constructed on a two-dimensional plane, and a three-dimensional variable-direction well section does not need to be designed, so that the design of the three-dimensional horizontal well track is simpler, and the construction difficulty is reduced.
It should be noted that, during actual mining, the first axis D is the gravity direction, the second axis N is the north-south direction, and the third axis E is the east-west direction.
Specifically, determining the upper track of the horizontal well according to the two-dimensional track design method comprises: extending from the center point O to the first axis D by a distance DaWhen the deviation reaches a first deflecting point a, the track from the central point O to the first deflecting point a is a first straight well section 10; preset isFixed upper track azimuth angle phibThe upper track is located through the center point O and the upper track azimuth angle phibOn the first vertical plane. On the first vertical plane, the distance R from the first axis D with the first deflecting point a as the starting point11Determining a first stable inclination point b for making an arc line with the radius and the point M as a first circle center, wherein the first stable inclination point b corresponds to the well inclination angle alphabThe track from the first deflecting point a to the first stable deflecting point b is a first deflecting increasing section 20; taking the first stable inclination point b as a starting point and along a well inclination angle alphabExtend a distance L in the direction ofW1When the slope descending point c is reached, the track from the first slope stabilizing point b to the slope descending point c is a first slope stabilizing section 30; a distance R from the first slope section 30 with the declination point c as a starting point12Determining a straight well point D by taking an arc line as the radius and a point P as a second circle center, wherein the corresponding well inclination angle of the straight well point D is equal to 0, a connecting line between the point P and a declination point c is parallel to a connecting line between the point M and a first declination point b and is vertical to a first declination section 30, the connecting line between the straight well point D and the point P is vertical to a first axis D, the track from the declination point c to the straight well point D is a declination section 40, and the point M and the point P are positioned at two sides of the declination section 40; the vertical well point D extends to a second deflecting point e along the direction of the first axis D, and the vertical depth of the second deflecting point e is DeThe track from the straight well point d to the second deflecting point e is a second straight well section 50; wherein the first straight wellbore section 10, the first slant increasing section 20, the first slant stabilizing section 30, the slant decreasing section 40 and the second straight wellbore section 50 form an upper track. The upper track is constructed by determining some key points of the upper track.
Specifically, determining the lower track of the horizontal well according to the two-dimensional track design method comprises: calculating the azimuth angle phi corresponding to the horizontal segment according to the preset coordinates of the target point t1 and the target point t2tI.e. lower track azimuth angle phitThe lower rail is positioned on a second vertical plane passing through the horizontal section; on a second vertical plane, starting from the second deflecting point e, at a distance R from the second straight section 5021An arc is made as the third circle center by the radius and the point Q to form a third arc, and the distance R from the horizontal segment by taking the target point t1 as the starting point22An arc line is made for the radius and the point R is the fourth circle center to form a fourth arc line; making external common tangent to the third arc line and the fourth arc lineThe tangent point of the arc line is a second stable inclination point f, and the second stable inclination point f corresponds to the well inclination angle alphafThe locus from the second deflecting point e to the second stable deflecting point f is a second slope increasing section 60, the tangent point of the external common tangent and the fourth arc line is a third slope increasing point g, the locus from the third slope increasing point g to the target point t1 is a third slope increasing section 80, and the locus from the second stable deflecting point f to the third slope increasing point g is a second slope stabilizing section 70; starting at target point t1, along the angle αtExtends to the target point t2, the trajectory from the target point t1 to the target point t2 is a horizontal segment 90, and the length of the horizontal segment 90 is Δ Lt. The upper track is constructed by determining some key points of the upper track. In the application, a nine-section type bi-two-dimensional combined three-dimensional horizontal well track consisting of a first straight well section, a first inclination increasing section, a first inclination stabilizing section, a declination section, a second straight well section, a second inclination increasing section, a second inclination stabilizing section, a third inclination increasing section and a horizontal section is constructed. The upper half part is composed of a straight well section, an inclination increasing section, an inclination stabilizing section, an inclination decreasing section and a straight well section, and is equivalent to a special five-section type track; the lower half part of the track consists of an inclination increasing section, a stable inclination section, an inclination increasing section and a horizontal section, is equivalent to a special double-increasing track, is favorable for overcoming the uncertainty of the vertical depth of an oil reservoir and the build-up rate before the target, and improves the track control capability of a well in the field.
It should be noted that, in the construction of a three-dimensional horizontal well trajectory, the target point and target section parameters are typically provided by the drilling geological design, including the component D of the horizontal point t1 on the first axis DtComponent N of horizontal point t1 on second axis NtComponent E of horizontal point t1 on third axis EtHorizontal section well angle alphatLower track azimuth angle phitThe distance from the target point t2 to the first axis D is DeltaLt. For the nine-section double two-dimensional combined three-dimensional horizontal well track, in addition to the above parameters, there are 12 key parameters including a first whipstock radius R11Radius of declination R12Second deflecting radius R21Third increased skew radius R22Upper track azimuth angle phibThe vertical depth D of the first deflecting point aaVertical depth D of vertical well point DdThe vertical depth D of the second oblique point eeFirst stable inclination section well inclination angle alphabThe length L of the first stable inclined sectionW1And a second stable inclination section well inclination angle alphafThe length L of the second stable inclined sectionW2. Theoretically, 8 key parameters must be preset during the construction of the three-dimensional horizontal well track, then other four unknown key parameters are obtained, and there are 495 design conditions in total, but after drilling geology and engineering requirements are considered, the most common three-dimensional horizontal well track construction conditions basically do not exceed 10.
The first whipstock radius R among the 12 critical parameters mentioned above11Radius of declination R12Second deflecting radius R21Third increased skew radius R22Depending on the current standby deflecting tool, the vertical depth D of the first deflecting point aaVertical depth D of vertical well point DdThe vertical depth D of the second oblique point eeIn connection with formation properties and well bore design to avoid roof kick-offs in complex formations or crossing two openings in the same kick-off section. First deflecting radius R11Radius of declination R12Second deflecting radius R21Third increased skew radius R22The vertical depth D of the first deflecting point aaVertical depth D of vertical well point DdThe vertical depth D of the second oblique point eeUsually preset by the drilling department, and also require an azimuth phi from the upper trackbFirst stable inclination section well inclination angle alphabThe length L of the first stable inclined sectionW1And a second stable inclination section well inclination angle alphafThe length L of the second stable inclined sectionW2Then, the remaining 4 key parameters are solved.
Specifically, the upper track satisfies formula (1):
Figure BDA0002974982460000091
the lower track satisfies formula (2):
Figure BDA0002974982460000101
the first vertical plane of the upper track and the direction of the second axis NThe included angle is the upper track azimuth angle phibThe included angle between the second vertical plane of the lower track and the second axis N direction is the lower track azimuth angle phitUpper track azimuth angle phibAzimuth angle phi with respect to the lower tracktThere is a correlation and equation (3) is satisfied
Figure BDA0002974982460000102
Wherein D isaIs the vertical depth of the first whipstock point a, unit: m; r11First whipstock radius, unit: m; r12Declination radius, unit: m; alpha is alphabIs the first slope section well inclination angle, unit: (iv) DEG; l isW1Is the segment length of the first ramp segment, unit: m; ddVertical depth of vertical well point d, unit: m; cdThe closing distance corresponding to the vertical well point d is as follows: m; deIs the vertical depth of the second oblique point e, unit: m; r21Is the second whipstock radius, in units: m; alpha is alphafIs the well inclination angle of the second stable inclination section, unit: (iv) DEG; l isW2Is the segment length of the second steady-slope segment, unit: m; r22Third radius of increase, unit: m; alpha is alphatHorizontal section angle of inclination, unit: (iv) DEG; dtIs the vertical depth of target point t1, unit: m; cetHorizontal distance from the second whipstock point e to the target point t1, in units: m; ceThe closure distance corresponding to the second deflecting point e is as follows: m, Cd＝Ce；NtFor the N coordinate of target point t1, the unit: m, EtFor the E coordinate of target point t1, the unit: and m is selected. The parameters of the upper track satisfy formula (2), and the parameters of the lower track satisfy formula (3).
The equations (1) to (3) are basic equations satisfied by the upper orbit and the lower orbit, and in general, the equations are strong nonlinear equations containing trigonometric functions, so that the difficulty in resolving is high. Given different design conditions, the solution methods of the system of equations are different, and the following provides the commonly used construction conditions and solution methods.
Specifically, the vertical depth D of the first deflecting point a is presetaFirst deflecting radius R11Radius of declination R12Vertical depth D of vertical well point DdThen, the length L of the first steady inclined section is calculated by adopting the formulas (4) to (6)W1And a first slope section well inclination angle alphab，
Figure BDA0002974982460000103
When in use
Figure BDA0002974982460000111
When the formula is not solved, the construction conditions need to be adjusted, in which case the first deflecting point a should be moved upwards, or the straight well point d should be moved downwards, or the first deflecting radius R should be reduced11And decreasing the radius of declination R12；
When in use
Figure BDA0002974982460000112
The length L of the first stable inclined sectionW1And a first slope section well inclination angle alphabThe calculation formula is as formula (5)
Figure BDA0002974982460000113
When R ise1-Ce1When equal to 0, the length L of the first stable inclined sectionW1And a first slope section well inclination angle alphabThe calculation formula is as formula (6)
Figure BDA0002974982460000114
Length L of the first stable inclined section of the upper trackW1And a first slope section well inclination angle alphabIt can be solved by the formula (4) to the formula (6).
Specifically, a first whipstock radius R is set in advance11Radius of declination R12First stable inclination section well inclination angle alphabVertical depth D of vertical well point DdCalculating to obtain the first value by using the formula (7) to the formula (9)Vertical depth D of deflecting point aaAnd a length L of the first ramp sectionW1：
Presetting upper orbit azimuth angle phib：
Figure BDA0002974982460000115
Not given upper track azimuth angle phi in advanceb：
Figure BDA0002974982460000116
Da＝Dd-(R11+R12)sinαb-Lw1cosαbFormula (9).
Vertical depth D of first deflecting point a of upper railaAnd a length L of the first ramp sectionW1Can be solved by equations (7) to (9).
It should be noted that equations (4) to (9) are general methods for constructing the upper rail. And selecting different formulas to solve according to different preset parameters. Presetting the vertical depth D of the first deflecting point aaFirst deflecting radius R11Radius of declination R12Vertical depth D of vertical well point DdThen, the length L of the first steady inclined section is calculated by adopting the formulas (4) to (6)W1And a first slope section well inclination angle alphab. Presetting a preset first deflecting radius R11Radius of declination R12First stable inclination section well inclination angle alphabVertical depth D of vertical well point DdCalculating the vertical depth D of the first deflecting point a by adopting the formulas (7) to (9)aAnd a length L of the first ramp sectionW1。
Specifically, the vertical depth D of the second deflecting point e is preseteSecond deflecting radius R21Third increased skew radius R22Calculating the length L of the second stable inclined section by using the formula (10) to the formula (12)W2And a second ramp section well angle αf：
Figure BDA0002974982460000121
When in use
Figure BDA0002974982460000122
The formula is not solved and the construction conditions need to be adjusted, in which case the second deflecting point e should be moved up or the second deflecting radius R should be reduced21And a third increased skew radius R22；
When in use
Figure BDA0002974982460000123
Length L of the second oblique-stabilizing segmentW2And a second ramp section well angle αfSolving by using equation (11):
Figure BDA0002974982460000124
when R ise2-Ce2When equal to 0, the length L of the second steady inclined sectionW2And a second ramp section well angle αfSolving using equation (12):
Figure BDA0002974982460000125
length L of the second stable inclined section of the lower trackW2And a second ramp section well angle αfCan be solved by the formula (10) to the formula (11).
Specifically, the second whipstock radius R is set in advance21Third increased skew radius R22And a second ramp section well angle αfCalculating the vertical depth D of the second deflecting point e by adopting the formula (13) to the formula (15)eAnd the length L of the second ramp sectionW2：
Presetting upper orbit azimuth angle phib：
Figure BDA0002974982460000131
The upper track azimuth angle phi is not set in advanceb：
Figure BDA0002974982460000132
De＝Dt-R21sinαf-Lw2cosαf-R22(sinαt-sinαf) Equation (15).
Vertical depth D of second deflecting point e of lower raileAnd the length L of the second ramp sectionW2Can be solved by equations (13) to (15).
It should be noted that equations (10) to (15) are general methods for constructing the lower rail. And selecting different formulas to solve according to different preset parameters. Presetting the vertical depth D of the second deflecting point eeSecond deflecting radius R21Third increased skew radius R22Calculating the length L of the second stable inclined section by using the formula (10) to the formula (12)W2And a second ramp section well angle αf. Presetting a second deflecting radius R21Third increased skew radius R22And a second ramp section well angle αfCalculating the vertical depth D of the second deflecting point e by adopting the formula (13) to the formula (15)eAnd the length L of the second ramp sectionW2。
The method for constructing the three-dimensional horizontal well track when the collision prevention requirement of the upper track is considered preferentially comprises the following steps:
when the requirement of collision prevention of the upper rail is evaluated, the azimuth angle phi of the upper rail is presetbThe vertical depth D of the first deflecting point aaFirst deflecting radius R11Radius of declination R12Vertical depth D of vertical well point DdThe vertical depth D of the second inclined construction point eeThe solving steps of the double two-dimensional combined three-dimensional horizontal well track are as follows:
calculating to obtain a closing distance C corresponding to the second deflecting point e according to a formula (16)eAnd a horizontal distance C from the second deflecting point e to the target point t1et；
Figure BDA0002974982460000133
Wherein, CtThe closing distance corresponding to the target point t 1; phi is aotThe closing azimuth of the target point t 1; e from target point t1tAnd NtCan find CtAnd phiot；
Constructing an upper track, and calculating the length L of the first stable inclined section by adopting formulas (4) to (6)W1And a first slope section well inclination angle alphabOr calculating the vertical depth D of the first deflecting point a by adopting the formula (7) to the formula (9)aAnd a length L of the first ramp sectionW1(ii) a Constructing a lower track, and calculating the length L of the second stable inclined section by adopting formulas (10) to (12)W2And a second ramp section well angle αf(ii) a If the upper track azimuth angle phi is not set in advancebCalculating the vertical depth D of the second deflecting point e by using the formula (13) to the formula (15)eAnd the length L of the second ramp sectionW2(ii) a All trajectory parameters for each point are calculated.
The method is characterized in that the collision prevention requirement of the upper rail is preferentially considered to construct the three-dimensional horizontal well rail, the upper rail is preferentially constructed, and then the lower rail is constructed.
The method for constructing the three-dimensional horizontal well track with the drilling risk of the lower track in priority comprises the following steps: when the drilling risk of the lower orbit is evaluated, the vertical depth D of the second inclined point e is preseteSecond deflecting radius R21Third increased skew radius R22And a second stable inclination section well inclination angle alphafThe solving steps of the double two-dimensional combined three-dimensional horizontal well track are as follows:
constructing a lower track, and solving the length L of the second stable inclined section by adopting a formula (17)W2And CetHorizontal distance from the second kick-off point e to the target point t 1:
Figure BDA0002974982460000141
calculated by using the formula (18) to the formula (20)Closure distance C from second deflecting point eeAnd upper track azimuth angle phib：
Figure BDA0002974982460000142
Figure BDA0002974982460000143
Figure BDA0002974982460000144
Constructing an upper track, and calculating the length L of the first stable inclined section by adopting formulas (4) to (6)W1And a first slope section well inclination angle alphabOr calculating the vertical depth D of the first deflecting point a by adopting the formula (7) to the formula (9)aAnd a length L of the first ramp sectionW1(ii) a All trajectory parameters for each point are calculated. Vector target centering is required when a three-dimensional horizontal well track is constructed, and the target centering requirement is high and the difficulty is high. In order to reduce the target-in-horizontal well difficulty, the adverse effects caused by reservoir burial depth and build-up rate errors need to be considered preferentially.
As will be explained in the context of a specific example,
the vertical depth D of the target point t1 is preset during drilling of the geological formationt2584 meters, target point t 1N coordinatetAt-275.1 m, the E coordinate E of target point t1tFor-287.7 m, the horizontal interval well inclination angle alpha is calculatedtIs 83.9 DEG, lower track azimuth phitIs 260 DEG, and the length of the horizontal segment is Delta LtIs 1500 meters.
The method for designing the double two-dimensional combined three-dimensional horizontal well track is adopted. Setting a first whipstock radius R11Is 572.96 m, and the declination radius R12286.48 m, vertical depth D of first deflecting point aaIs 300 m, vertical well point DdA vertical depth D of 1500 m and a second inclined point ee2250 meters. And respectively calculating unknown parameters according to the two construction conditions.
Case 1: giving priority to the requirement of collision prevention of the upper rail
Presetting upper orbit azimuth angle phibAt 177.1 degrees, solving the closing distance C corresponding to the second deflecting point e by adopting a formula (2)e321.91 m, horizontal distance C from the second deflecting point e to the target point t1etAt 308.68 m, the length L of the first steady inclined section is calculated by using the formulas (4) to (6)W1897.70 m, the first steady slope angle alphabThe length L of the second ramp section is determined using equations (10) to (12) for a 17.45 DEG angleW272.01m and a second steady inclined section well inclined angle alphafIs 46.97 degrees.
Table one: parameters of each point of three-dimensional horizontal well track with priority given to upper well section anti-collision requirement
Figure BDA0002974982460000151
Case 1 of 2: prioritizing lower track drilling risk
Presetting a second steady inclination section well inclination angle alphafIs 80 degrees, and the vertical depth D of the second oblique point e is adjustedeIs 2290 m, the length L of the second stable inclined section is calculated by the formula (17)W252.65 meters, horizontal distance C from second whipstock e to target point t1etThe closure distance C of the second deflecting point e is calculated by using the formula (18) to the formula (20) for 307.89 me322.01 m, upper track azimuth angle phibAt 177.24 deg., the length L of the first steady-slope segment is calculated by using the formulas (4) to (6)W1897.61 m, the first steady slope angle alphabIs 17.46 degrees.
Table two: prioritizing parameters of points of a three-dimensional horizontal well trajectory when drilling risk of a lower trajectory
Figure BDA0002974982460000161
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments are only a few, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular is intended to include the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, and it should be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for designing a double two-dimensional combined three-dimensional horizontal well track is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining a first axis D, a second axis N and a third axis E which are perpendicular to each other by taking the well mouth as a central point O;
determining an upper track of the horizontal well according to a two-dimensional track design method;
determining a lower track of the horizontal well according to a two-dimensional track design method;
wherein the end point of the upper track is the start point of the lower track, the upper track is located on a first vertical plane passing through the wellhead, and the lower track is located on a second vertical plane passing through the horizontal section (90).
2. The method for designing a dual two-dimensional combined three-dimensional horizontal well track according to claim 1, wherein the determining the upper track of the horizontal well according to the two-dimensional track design method comprises:
a distance D from the center point O to the first axis DaReaching a first deflecting point a, wherein the track from the central point O to the first deflecting point a is a first straight well section (10);
presetting upper orbit azimuth angle phibSaid upper track being located through said center point O and said upper track azimuth angle phibOn the first vertical plane, a distance R from the first axis D with the first deflecting point a as a starting point11Determining a first stable inclination point b for making an arc line with the radius and the point M as a first circle center, wherein the first stable inclination point b corresponds to the well inclination angle alphabThe track from the first deflecting point a to the first stable deflecting point b is a first deflection increasing section (20);
taking the first stable inclination point b as a starting point and along the well inclination angle alphabExtend a distance L in the direction ofW1Reaching a descending point c, wherein the track from the first steady-slope point b to the descending point c is a first steady-slope section (30);
a distance R from the first slope section (30) with the declination point c as a starting point12Determining a straight well point D by taking an arc line as a radius and a point P as a second circle center, wherein a well inclination angle corresponding to the straight well point D is equal to 0 degree, a connecting line between the point P and the declination point c is parallel to a connecting line between the point M and the first declination point b and is vertical to the first declination section (30), the connecting line between the straight well point D and the point P is vertical to the first axis D, a track from the declination point c to the straight well point D is a declination section (40), and the point M and the point P are positioned at two sides of the declination section (40);
the straight well point D extends to a second deflecting point e in the direction of the first axis D, and the second deflecting point e corresponds to the vertical depth DeThe track from the straight well point d to the second deflecting point e is the firstTwo straight sections (50);
wherein the first straight wellbore section (10), the first slant increasing section (20), the first slant stabilizing section (30), the declining section (40), and the second straight wellbore section (50) form the upper track.
3. The method for designing a dual two-dimensional combined three-dimensional horizontal well track according to claim 2, wherein the determining the lower track of the horizontal well according to the two-dimensional track design method comprises:
calculating the azimuth angle phi corresponding to the horizontal segment (90) according to the coordinates of the preset target point t1 and the target point t2tI.e. lower track azimuth angle phitSaid lower track being located on a second vertical plane passing through said horizontal section (90);
on the second vertical plane, a distance R from the second straight well section (50) with the second deflecting point e as a starting point21An arc is made as the third circle center by the radius and the point Q to form a third arc, and the distance R between the target point t1 as the starting point and the horizontal segment (90)22An arc line is made for the radius and the point R is the fourth circle center to form a fourth arc line;
making an external common tangent line on the third arc line and the fourth arc line, wherein the tangent point of the external common tangent line and the third arc line is a second stable inclination point f, and the second stable inclination point f corresponds to a well inclination angle alphafThe locus from the second deflecting point e to the second deflecting point f is a second increasing slope section (60), the tangent point of the external common tangent line and the fourth arc line is a third increasing slope point g, the locus from the third increasing slope point g to the target point t1 is a third increasing slope section (80), and the locus from the second deflecting point f to the third increasing slope point g is a second stabilizing slope section (70);
starting at the target point t1 and following a well angle αtTo a target point t2, the trajectory of the target point t1 to the target point t2 being the horizontal segment (90), the length of the horizontal segment (90) being Δ Lt。
4. The design method of a dual two-dimensional combination three-dimensional horizontal well track according to claim 3,
the upper track satisfies formula (1):
Figure FDA0002974982450000021
the lower track satisfies formula (2):
Figure FDA0002974982450000022
the included angle between the first vertical plane of the upper track and the second axis N direction is the upper track azimuth angle phibThe included angle between the second vertical plane of the lower track and the second axis N direction is the lower track azimuth angle phitSaid upper track azimuth angle phibAzimuth angle phi with said lower tracktThere is a correlation and equation (3) is satisfied
Figure FDA0002974982450000023
Wherein D isaIs the vertical depth of the first whipstock point a, unit: m; r11First whipstock radius, unit: m; r12Declination radius, unit: m; alpha is alphabIs the first slope section well inclination angle, unit: (iv) DEG; l isW1Is the segment length of the first ramp segment, unit: m; ddVertical depth of vertical well point d, unit: m; cdThe closing distance corresponding to the vertical well point d is as follows: m; deIs the vertical depth of the second oblique point e, unit: m; r21Is the second whipstock radius, in units: m; alpha is alphafIs the well inclination angle of the second stable inclination section, unit: (iv) DEG; l isW2Is the segment length of the second steady-slope segment, unit: m; r22Third radius of increase, unit: m; alpha is alphatHorizontal section angle of inclination, unit: (iv) DEG; dtIs the vertical depth of target point t1, unit: m; cetIs the horizontal distance from the second deflecting point e to the target point t1The unit: m; ceThe closure distance corresponding to the second deflecting point e is as follows: m, Cd＝Ce；NtFor the N coordinate of target point t1, the unit: m, EtFor the E coordinate of target point t1, the unit: and m is selected.
5. The design method of a dual two-dimensional combination three-dimensional horizontal well track according to claim 4,
presetting the vertical depth D of the first deflecting point aaFirst deflecting radius R11Radius of declination R12Vertical depth D of vertical well point DdThen, the length L of the first steady inclined section is calculated by adopting the formulas (4) to (6)W1And a first slope section well inclination angle alphab，
Figure FDA0002974982450000031
When in use
Figure FDA0002974982450000032
When the formula is not solved, the construction conditions need to be adjusted, in this case, the first deflecting point a should be moved upwards, or the straight well point d should be moved downwards, or the first deflecting radius R should be reduced11And decreasing the radius of declination R12；
When in use
Figure FDA0002974982450000033
While, the length L of the first stable inclined sectionW1And the first slope section well inclination angle alphabThe calculation formula is as formula (5)
Figure FDA0002974982450000034
When R ise1-Ce1When equal to 0, the length L of the first stable inclined sectionW1And the first slope section well inclination angle alphabThe calculation formula is as formula (6)
Figure FDA0002974982450000035
6. The design method of a dual two-dimensional combination three-dimensional horizontal well track according to claim 5,
presetting a first deflecting radius R11Radius of declination R12First stable inclination section well inclination angle alphabVertical depth D of vertical well point DdCalculating the vertical depth D of the first deflecting point a by adopting the formulas (7) to (9)aAnd the length L of the first oblique stabilizing sectionW1：
Presetting upper orbit azimuth angle phib：
Figure FDA0002974982450000041
Not given upper track azimuth angle phi in advanceb：
Figure FDA0002974982450000042
Da＝Dd-(R11+R12)sinαb-Lw1cosαbFormula (9).
7. The design method of a dual two-dimensional combination three-dimensional horizontal well track according to claim 6,
presetting the vertical depth D of the second deflecting point eeSecond deflecting radius R21Third increased skew radius R22Calculating the length L of the second stable inclined section by using the formula (10) to the formula (12)W2And a second ramp section well angle αf：
Figure FDA0002974982450000043
When in use
Figure FDA0002974982450000044
The formula is not solved and the construction conditions need to be adjusted, in which case the second whipstock e should be moved up or the second whipstock radius R should be reduced21And a third increased skew radius R22；
When in use
Figure FDA0002974982450000045
Length L of the second oblique-stabilizing segmentW2And a second ramp section well angle αfSolving by using equation (11):
Figure FDA0002974982450000046
when R ise2-Ce2When equal to 0, the length L of the second steady inclined sectionW2And a second ramp section well angle αfSolving using equation (12):
Figure FDA0002974982450000047
8. the design method of a dual two-dimensional combination three-dimensional horizontal well track according to claim 7,
presetting a second deflecting radius R21Third increased skew radius R22And a second ramp section well angle αfCalculating the vertical depth D of the second deflecting point e by adopting the formula (13) to the formula (15)eAnd the length L of the second ramp sectionW2：
Presetting upper orbit azimuth angle phib：
Figure FDA0002974982450000051
The upper track azimuth angle phi is not set in advanceb：
Figure FDA0002974982450000052
De＝Dt-R21sinαf-Lw2cosαf-R22(sinαt-sinαf) Equation (15).
9. The design method of the dual two-dimensional combined three-dimensional horizontal well track as claimed in claim 8, wherein when the collision prevention requirement of the upper track is evaluated, the azimuth angle phi of the upper track is presetbThe vertical depth D of the first deflecting point aaFirst deflecting radius R11Radius of declination R12Vertical depth D of vertical well point DdThe vertical depth D of the second inclined construction point eeThe solving steps of the double two-dimensional combined three-dimensional horizontal well track are as follows:
calculating to obtain a closing distance C corresponding to the second deflecting point e according to a formula (16)eAnd a horizontal distance C from the second deflecting point e to the target point t1et；
Figure FDA0002974982450000053
Wherein, CtThe closing distance corresponding to the target point t 1; phi is aotThe closing azimuth of the target point t 1; e from target point t1tAnd NtCan find CtAnd phiot；
Constructing the upper track, and calculating the length L of the first stable inclined section by adopting formulas (4) to (6)W1And a first slope section well inclination angle alphabOr calculating the vertical depth D of the first deflecting point a by adopting the formula (7) to the formula (9)aAnd the length L of the first oblique stabilizing sectionW1；
Constructing the lower track, and calculating to obtain a second track by using a formula (10) to a formula (12)Length L of steady inclined sectionW2And a second ramp section well angle αf(ii) a If the upper track azimuth angle phi is not set in advancebCalculating the vertical depth D of the second deflecting point e by using the formula (13) to the formula (15)eAnd the length L of the second ramp sectionW2；
All trajectory parameters for each point are calculated.
10. The method for designing a dual two-dimensional combined three-dimensional horizontal well track according to claim 8, wherein a vertical depth D of a second inclined point e is preset when the drilling risk of the lower track is evaluatedeSecond deflecting radius R21Third increased skew radius R22And a second stable inclination section well inclination angle alphafThe solving steps of the double two-dimensional combined three-dimensional horizontal well track are as follows:
constructing the lower track, solving the segment length L of the second stable inclined segment by adopting a formula (17)W2And CetHorizontal distance from the second kick-off point e to the target point t 1:
Figure FDA0002974982450000061
calculating the closure distance C of the second deflecting point e by adopting the formula (18) to the formula (20)eAnd said upper track azimuth angle phib：
Figure FDA0002974982450000062
Figure FDA0002974982450000063
Figure FDA0002974982450000064
Constructing said upper track using the formula (4) Calculating to obtain the length L of the first stable inclined section by the formula (6)W1And a first slope section well inclination angle alphabOr calculating the vertical depth D of the first deflecting point a by adopting the formula (7) to the formula (9)aAnd the length L of the first oblique stabilizing sectionW1；
All trajectory parameters for each point are calculated.
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