CN112981188B - High-toughness aluminum material for battery external package - Google Patents
High-toughness aluminum material for battery external package Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XUDNJARNPKNDSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ti].[Cu].[Zn] Chemical compound [Ti].[Cu].[Zn] XUDNJARNPKNDSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- -1 aluminum-manganese Chemical compound 0.000 description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical group [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007847 structural defect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B2003/001—Aluminium or its alloys
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an aluminum material for producing a battery shell by casting and rolling a blank, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.06 to 0.20 percent of Si, 0.40 to 0.65 percent of Fe, 0.08 to 0.20 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of Ni and the balance of Al; the preparation method comprises the steps of raw material casting, first rough rolling, first heat treatment, intermediate rolling, first finish rolling and second heat treatment, the homogenization annealing is carried out at the thickness of 1.5-4.0 mm, the segregation of components and tissues is eliminated, the cubic texture is increased, the annealing is carried out once again when the product is finished, the rolling texture formed in the rolling process and the cubic texture form a reasonable proportion in quantity and strength, 8 small lugs with relatively uniform peak height can be obtained after the aluminum plate is subjected to deep drawing, and therefore the purpose of reducing the lug making rate is achieved, and the deep drawing forming performance of the aluminum material for the battery shell is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a high-toughness aluminum material for battery exterior packaging.
Background
The aluminum and aluminum alloy strip can be widely used in the fields of household appliances, toys, power supplies, energy-saving lamps, communication, national defense, vehicles and the like, such as computer mainboards, automobile circuit boards and the like. The current electronic technology is rapidly developed in depth or breadth, and the application field of the electronic technology permeates all industries and families.
The power battery shell is made of 3003 or 3005 aluminum alloy. The 3003 aluminum plate has good formability, good plasticity and high pressure resistance, but with the rapid development of the communication media industry, the functions of the mobile phone are continuously improved and increased, the manufacturing cost of manufacturers is required to be continuously reduced, and meanwhile, more new requirements are provided for the aluminum alloy for the battery case of the mobile phone, wherein 3005 is mainly aluminum-manganese alloy, and the main alloy element is manganese. The boiling point temperature difference of aluminum and manganese is not large, the problem that the quality of a welding seam is reduced due to burning loss of metal elements cannot occur during welding, but the traditional 3005 aluminum alloy is easy to have structural defects which influence deep drawing performance, such as uneven crystal grains, macrosegregation or forming local cracking and the like in the traditional ingot heating, hot rolling and subsequent annealing processes, and the quality of a final product of the aluminum alloy is difficult to reach the hot rolling level, so that how to produce the high-quality aluminum material for the capacitor shell by using a cast-rolling method is a subject of research of many professional technicians.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art, and provides a high-toughness aluminum material for battery outer packaging, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si 0.2-0.3%, Fe 0.4-0.6%, Fe/Si content ratio controlled at 1.5-2.5%, Cu 0.1-0.3%, Mn 0.9-1.3%, Mg 0.4-0.7%, and Al in balance.
Preferably, the composition and the mass percentage are as follows: si 0.2-0.25%, Fe 0.5-0.55%, controlling Fe/Si content ratio at 2-2.5%, Cu 0.15-0.25%, Mn 1.0-1.2%, Mg 0.5-0.65%, and balancing Al.
A preparation method of a high-toughness aluminum material for battery external packaging comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting the raw materials according to the chemical components, removing slag, degassing and purifying the melt; the smelting temperature is 700-750 ℃;
(2) cooling the smelted material to the rolling temperature, and simultaneously adopting aluminum alloy continuous casting and rolling equipment to continuously cast and roll the copper-titanium-zinc alloy to obtain a cast and rolled blank, wherein the casting and rolling speed is 700-750 ℃ and the casting and rolling temperature is 650-750 ℃;
(3) carrying out two times of rough rolling on the cast-rolled blank to reach the intermediate thickness;
(4) carrying out homogenization annealing treatment on the rough rolling material, and introducing nitrogen for protection in the annealing process;
(5) performing finish rolling on the homogenized and annealed blank for 1-2 times to obtain a finished product material with the thickness of 9-11 mm;
(6) carrying out pre-product annealing treatment on the finished product material, heating to 250-280 ℃, preserving heat for 5-8h, transferring to 450-470 ℃, preserving heat for 10-16h, and transferring to 300-320 ℃ again, preserving heat for 4-8 h;
(7) and (4) annealing the finished product, then slitting the finished product to the target width.
Preferably, in the step (3), the intermediate thickness is 32-40 mm;
preferably, in the step (4), the specific parameters of the homogenizing annealing treatment are as follows: the temperature rising speed is 3-5 ℃/min, the temperature is 460-650 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1200-2400min, and the tapping cooling time is 24-48 h.
Preferably, the temperature rise rate in step (6) is 3-5 ℃/min.
Preferably, the trimming speed of slitting in the step (7) is 300-.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) by adopting the 3005 alloy aluminum strip and the continuous casting and rolling process, the aluminum material has higher tensile strength of 120-134MPa and better elongation of 32.5-33.8 percent, and completely meets the use requirements of users on the internal structure and the mechanical property of the alloy;
(2) the homogenizing annealing is added in the rough rolling and finish rolling processes, the dissolving rate of Mn element in the alloy in aluminum is low, the homogenizing annealing promotes the dissolution of a promotion phase and improves the diffusion capacity of atoms to accelerate the conversion process from a non-equilibrium state to an equilibrium state, the Mg element is added at the same time, the grain size of the annealed aluminum-manganese alloy is obviously refined, the tensile strength of the annealed aluminum-manganese alloy is enhanced, the content ratio of Fe/Si is controlled, and the formation of more (FeMn) Al due to the fact that the content ratio of Fe/Si is too high or too low is avoided6Coarse lamellar segregated aggregates or alloys end up as a eutectic reaction early in the cast forming process.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of enhancing understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples, which are provided for illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A high-toughness aluminum material for battery external packaging comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si 0.225%, Fe 0.517%, Fe/Si content ratio controlled to be 2.30, Cu 0.168%, Mn 1.151%, Mg 0.594%, and the balance of Al.
The aluminum material is prepared according to the component control, and the specific preparation steps are as follows:
(1) smelting raw materials according to the chemical components, removing slag, degassing and purifying a melt; the smelting temperature is 700-750 ℃;
(2) cooling the smelted material to the rolling temperature, and simultaneously adopting aluminum alloy continuous casting and rolling equipment to continuously cast and roll the copper-titanium-zinc alloy to obtain a cast and rolled blank, wherein the casting and rolling speed is 700-750 ℃ and the casting and rolling temperature is 650-750 ℃;
(3) roughly rolling the cast-rolled blank to the middle thickness by two times, wherein the middle thickness is 32-40 mm;
(4) carrying out homogenization annealing treatment on the rough rolling material, and introducing nitrogen for protection in the annealing process; the specific parameters of the homogenizing annealing treatment are as follows: the temperature rising speed is 3-5 ℃/min, the temperature is 460-650 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1200-2400min, and the tapping cooling time is 24-48 h;
(5) performing finish rolling on the homogenized and annealed blank for 1-2 times to obtain a finished product material with the thickness of 9-11 mm;
(6) carrying out pre-product annealing treatment on the finished product material, heating to 250-280 ℃, preserving heat for 5-8h, transferring to 450-470 ℃, preserving heat for 10-16h, and transferring to 300-320 ℃ again, preserving heat for 4-8 h; the heating rate is 3-5 ℃/min;
(7) the finished product is annealed and then cut to the target width; the cutting speed of the cutting is 300-400 mm/min.
Example 2
A high-toughness aluminum material for battery external packaging comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si 0.2-0.3%, Fe 0.4-0.6%, Fe/Si content ratio controlled at 1.5-2.5%, Cu 0.1-0.3%, Mn 0.9-1.3%, Mg 0.4-0.7%, and Al in balance.
The aluminum material is prepared according to the component control, and the specific preparation steps are as follows:
(1) smelting the raw materials according to the chemical components, removing slag, degassing and purifying the melt; the smelting temperature is 700-750 ℃;
(2) cooling the smelted material to the rolling temperature, and simultaneously adopting aluminum alloy continuous casting and rolling equipment to continuously cast and roll the copper-titanium-zinc alloy to obtain a cast and rolled blank, wherein the casting and rolling speed is 700-750 ℃ and the casting and rolling temperature is 650-750 ℃;
(3) roughly rolling the cast-rolled blank to the middle thickness by two times, wherein the middle thickness is 32-40 mm;
(4) carrying out homogenization annealing treatment on the rough rolling material, and introducing nitrogen for protection in the annealing process; the specific parameters of the homogenizing annealing treatment are as follows: the temperature rising speed is 3-5 ℃/min, the temperature is 460-650 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1200-2400min, and the tapping cooling time is 24-48 h;
(5) performing finish rolling on the homogenized and annealed blank for 1-2 times to obtain a finished product material with the thickness of 9-11 mm;
(6) carrying out pre-product annealing treatment on the finished product material, heating to 250-280 ℃, preserving heat for 5-8h, transferring to 450-470 ℃, preserving heat for 10-16h, and transferring to 300-320 ℃ again, preserving heat for 4-8 h; the heating rate is 3-5 ℃/min;
(7) the finished product is annealed and then cut to the target width; the cutting speed of the cutting is 300-400 mm/min.
Example 3
A high-toughness aluminum material for battery external packaging comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si 0.2-0.3%, Fe 0.4-0.6%, Fe/Si content ratio controlled at 1.5-2.5%, Cu 0.1-0.3%, Mn 0.9-1.3%, Mg 0.4-0.7%, and Al in balance.
The aluminum material is prepared according to the component control, and the specific preparation steps are as follows:
(1) smelting the raw materials according to the chemical components, removing slag, degassing and purifying the melt; the smelting temperature is 700-750 ℃;
(2) cooling the smelted material to the rolling temperature, and simultaneously adopting aluminum alloy continuous casting and rolling equipment to continuously cast and roll the copper-titanium-zinc alloy to obtain a cast and rolled blank, wherein the casting and rolling speed is 700-750 ℃ and the casting and rolling temperature is 650-750 ℃;
(3) roughly rolling the cast-rolled blank to the middle thickness by two times, wherein the middle thickness is 32-40 mm;
(4) carrying out homogenization annealing treatment on the rough rolling material, and introducing nitrogen for protection in the annealing process; the specific parameters of the homogenizing annealing treatment are as follows: the temperature rising speed is 3-5 ℃/min, the temperature is 460-650 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1200-2400min, and the tapping cooling time is 24-48 h;
(5) performing finish rolling on the homogenized and annealed blank for 1-2 times to obtain a finished product material with the thickness of 9-11 mm;
(6) carrying out pre-product annealing treatment on the finished product material, heating to 250-280 ℃, preserving heat for 5-8h, transferring to 450-470 ℃, preserving heat for 10-16h, and transferring to 300-320 ℃ again, preserving heat for 4-8 h; the heating rate is 3-5 ℃/min;
(7) the finished product is annealed and then cut to the target width; the cutting speed of the cutting is 300-400 mm/min.
Example 4
A high-toughness aluminum material for battery external packaging comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si 0.2-0.3%, Fe 0.4-0.6%, Fe/Si content ratio controlled at 1.5-2.5%, Cu 0.1-0.3%, Mn 0.9-1.3%, Mg 0.4-0.7%, and Al in balance.
The aluminum material is prepared according to the component control, and the specific preparation steps are as follows:
(1) smelting the raw materials according to the chemical components, removing slag, degassing and purifying the melt; the smelting temperature is 700-750 ℃;
(2) cooling the smelted material to the rolling temperature, and simultaneously adopting aluminum alloy continuous casting and rolling equipment to continuously cast and roll the copper-titanium-zinc alloy to obtain a casting and rolling blank, wherein the casting and rolling speed is 700-800mm/min, and the casting and rolling temperature is 650-750 ℃;
(3) roughly rolling the cast-rolled blank to the middle thickness by two times, wherein the middle thickness is 32-40 mm;
(4) carrying out homogenization annealing treatment on the rough rolling material, and introducing nitrogen for protection in the annealing process;
(5) performing finish rolling on the homogenized and annealed blank for 1-2 times to obtain a finished product material with the thickness of 9-11 mm; the specific parameters of the homogenizing annealing treatment are as follows: the temperature rise speed is 3-5 ℃/min, the temperature is 460-650 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1200-2400min, and the tapping cooling time is 24-48 h;
(6) carrying out pre-product annealing treatment on the finished product material, heating to 250-280 ℃, preserving heat for 5-8h, transferring to 450-470 ℃, preserving heat for 10-16h, and transferring to 300-320 ℃ again, preserving heat for 4-8 h; the heating rate is 3-5 ℃/min;
(7) the finished product is annealed and then cut to the target width; the cutting speed of the cutting is 300-400 mm/min.
Performance testing
The finished products prepared in examples 1 to 4 were subjected to performance tests, and the test results are shown in table 1;
TABLE 1
| Tensile strength (Mpa) | Elongation (%) | Percentage of produced ear (%) | |
| Example 1 | 128 | 33.5 | 3.5 |
| Example 2 | 120 | 33.8 | 4.5 |
| Example 3 | 126 | 32.8 | 4.8 |
| Example 4 | 134 | 32.5 | 3.2 |
| Comparative example | 148 | 22.6 | 7.5 |
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (1)
1. A high-toughness aluminum material for battery external packaging is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: si 0.2-0.25%, Fe 0.5-0.55%, controlling Fe/Si content ratio at 2-2.5%, Cu 0.15-0.25%, Mn 1.0-1.2%, Mg 0.5-0.65%, and balancing Al;
the preparation method of the high-toughness aluminum material for the battery outer packaging comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting the raw materials according to the chemical components, removing slag, degassing and purifying the melt; the smelting temperature is 700-750 ℃;
(2) cooling the smelted material to the rolling temperature, and simultaneously adopting aluminum alloy continuous casting and rolling equipment to continuously cast and roll the copper-titanium-zinc alloy to obtain a cast and rolled blank, wherein the casting and rolling speed is 700-750 ℃ and the casting and rolling temperature is 650-750 ℃;
(3) carrying out two times of rough rolling on the cast-rolled blank to reach the intermediate thickness;
(4) carrying out homogenization annealing treatment on the rough rolling material, and introducing nitrogen for protection in the annealing process;
(5) performing finish rolling on the homogenized and annealed blank for 1-2 times to prepare a finished product material with the thickness of 9-11 mm;
(6) carrying out pre-product annealing treatment on the finished product material, heating to 250-280 ℃, preserving heat for 5-8h, transferring to 450-470 ℃, preserving heat for 10-16h, and transferring to 300-320 ℃ again, preserving heat for 4-8 h;
(7) the finished product is annealed and then cut to the target width;
in the step (3), the middle thickness is 32-40 mm;
in the step (4), the specific parameters of the homogenizing annealing treatment are as follows: the temperature rising speed is 3-5 ℃/min, the temperature is 460-650 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1200-2400min, and the tapping cooling time is 24-48 h;
in the step (6), the heating rate is 3-5 ℃/min;
the trimming speed of slitting in the step (7) is 300-400 mm/min.
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