CN112980587A

CN112980587A - Method for extracting kiwi flower essential oil

Info

Publication number: CN112980587A
Application number: CN202110386676.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张羿; 张德高
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-04-12
Filing date: 2021-04-12
Publication date: 2021-06-18

Abstract

A method for extracting kiwi flower essential oil comprises the following steps: (1) crushing kiwi fruit flowers, and adding deionized water to obtain kiwi fruit flower pulp; (2) placing the kiwi fruit flower pulp in a round-bottom flask, connecting the round-bottom flask to the right inlet of a multifunctional extraction device, then connecting a heart-shaped bottle containing kiwi fruit flower solvent to the left inlet of the multifunctional extraction device, and distilling the round-bottom flask and the heart-shaped bottle respectively to obtain kiwi fruit flower oil-water mixed airflow and kiwi fruit flower solvent airflow; (3) and simultaneously condensing and extracting the kiwi fruit flower oil-water mixed airflow and the kiwi fruit flower solvent airflow in a multifunctional extraction device, and then introducing the airflow into a U-shaped pipe for standing and liquid separation to obtain an organic phase, namely the kiwi fruit flower essential oil. The method continuously performs water vapor distillation and extraction in a seamless butt joint manner, can extract a large amount of essential oil only by using a small amount of kiwi fruit flower solvent, improves the extraction efficiency of the kiwi fruit flower essential oil, and has the advantages of simple operation and low production cost.

Description

Method for extracting kiwi flower essential oil

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for extracting plant essential oil, in particular to a method for extracting kiwi flower essential oil.

Background

The kiwi fruit belongs to the vine, the plant fruit belongs to subtropical fruit, the planting area of China is wide, the yield is high, and the raw material supply is abundant. With the development of economy and the continuous improvement of income, people have an enhanced consciousness on self health preservation and health, and the consciousness on the naturalness, safety and health of food raw materials and additives, so that people pay more attention to the development and utilization of medicinal and edible kiwi fruit plant resources. The whole body of the kiwi fruit is precious, and the roots, the stems, the leaves, the flowers, the seeds and the fruits can be extracted and processed into products with high added values by adopting distillation and extraction methods, so that the economic benefit is remarkable.

The kiwi flower essential oil is also called flower aromatic oil, is the essence of natural kiwi plant flowers and sesame oil, is known as the superior product of plant flower perfume, is a plant flower secondary metabolite with small molecular weight of kiwi flowers, is contained in the kiwi plant flower perfume, has light depression and bright fragrance characteristics and certain volatility, and is chemically and medically called volatile oil. The kiwi flower essential oil has the advantages of safety, economy, sanitation, cleanness, simplicity, convenience, quick and wide use, uniform and lasting fragrance and the like, and accords with the consumption trend. The kiwi flower essential oil is widely applied to the industries of food industry, medicine industry, cigarette and wine manufacturing, daily chemical industry and the like, is usually used as a perfuming raw material of high-grade perfume, cosmetics, washing products, beverages, foods and candies, and has great market potential.

The traditional extraction method of essential oil is many, including steam distillation extraction method, squeezing method and blowing adsorption method.

CN104946396A discloses a method for preparing agilawood essential oil, the used equipment includes a steam distillation tower and a vacuum control distillation tower, the feed inlet of the steam distillation tower is connected with crushed eaglewood and water, the reaction discharge outlet is connected with an oil-water separator, the oil-water separator separates distilled water and distilled oil, the distilled water is circularly connected into the water required by the steam distillation tower, the distilled oil is connected into the vacuum control distillation tower, the vacuum control distillation tower is placed in a heating jacket, two pipelines are led out from the column of the distillation tower, an essential oil outflow pipe is located at the lower end, a vacuum control pipe is located at the upper end, a group of condensers are installed between the two pipeline openings, the vacuum control pipe is provided with a vacuum valve, the end is connected with a vacuum device, and a group of condensers are installed in the essential oil outflow pipeline.

CN106318642A discloses a preparation method of high-purity essential oil by low-temperature distillation extraction, which comprises the following steps: (1) putting the harvested fresh plants into a stirrer to be smashed; (2) putting the crushed plant material into a distillation device for vacuum low-temperature distillation at the temperature of 40-60 ℃, and introducing distilled steam airflow into the plant material to obtain oil-water mixed airflow; (3) radiating the oil-water mixed airflow after passing through a condenser to obtain mixed liquid of the plant essential oil and water; (4) the mixed liquid forms an oil-water layer after passing through an oil-water separator, and an upper oil layer is collected by using a collector; (5) and (4) circulating for 2-3 hours in the steps (3) to (4) to obtain the high-purity essential oil, wherein the distillation temperature is high, and the method is not suitable for extracting volatile plant essential oil.

CN1628787A discloses a method for extracting and separating active ingredients from zingiber officinale by a two-enzyme method, which comprises the following steps: (1) crushing the sand ginger, and adding water according to the weight ratio of 1: 4-1: 10 to prepare sand ginger slurry; (2) under the conditions that the temperature is 70-100 ℃ and the pH is = 5-7, 1-5 per mill of alpha-amylase is added according to the volume per thousand ratio to liquefy the sand ginger slurry for 25-35 minutes, and then water vapor distillation is carried out for 3-5 hours; (3) extracting the distillate of steam distillation with n-hexane or petroleum ether, concentrating, and refining to obtain rhizoma Kaempferiae essential oil and rhizoma Kaempferiae brain; (3) adding 1 per mill diastase into residual liquid obtained by steam distillation at 59-65 ℃ under the condition that the pH is = 3-5 according to the volume per mill ratio, wherein the action time is 0.5-1.5 hours; (5) filtering; (6) concentrating the filtrate to obtain syrup; (7) drying and crushing the filter residue to obtain the sand ginger residue powder rich in polysaccharide and cellulose, wherein the distillation and the extraction are carried out in two steps, the operation is complex, and the production cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems of overcoming the defects in the prior art and providing the method for extracting the kiwi flower essential oil, which has the advantages of simple operation, short extraction time, high extraction efficiency, low energy consumption and low cost.

The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problem is that the method for extracting the kiwi flower essential oil comprises the following steps:

(1) crushing kiwi fruit flowers, and adding deionized water to obtain kiwi fruit flower pulp;

(2) placing the kiwi fruit flower pulp obtained in the step (1) in a round-bottom flask, connecting the round-bottom flask to the right end inlet of a multifunctional extraction device, then connecting a heart bottle containing the kiwi fruit flower solvent to the left end inlet of the multifunctional extraction device, and distilling the round-bottom flask containing the kiwi fruit flower pulp and the heart bottle containing the kiwi fruit flower solvent respectively to obtain kiwi fruit flower oil-water mixed airflow and kiwi fruit flower solvent airflow respectively;

(3) and (3) condensing the kiwi fruit flower oil-water mixed airflow and the kiwi fruit flower solvent airflow obtained in the step (2) in a condensation pipe in a multifunctional extraction device at the same time, extracting, then guiding into a U-shaped pipe of the multifunctional extraction device, standing and separating liquid, and obtaining an organic phase, namely the kiwi fruit flower essential oil.

Further, in the step (2), the distillation temperature is less than or equal to 40 ℃, and preferably 36-38 ℃. The distillation mode of the invention is reduced pressure distillation, the round-bottom flask filled with kiwi fruit flower pulp adopts reduced pressure low temperature steam distillation, the distillation temperature is not more than 40 ℃, otherwise the active ingredients of flower essential oil can be damaged, and the fragrance volatilization loss is caused.

Further, in the step (2), the kiwi flower solvent is one or more of petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butane, dichloromethane and chloroform.

In the extraction process, the kiwi fruit flower solvent is preferably a mixed solvent of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate. The kiwi fruit flower oil-water mixed airflow and the kiwi fruit flower solvent airflow are simultaneously condensed and extracted in a condensation pipe of the multifunctional extraction device, and are guided into a U-shaped pipe of the multifunctional extraction device to be kept stand and separated, and the density of ethyl acetate and petroleum ether is smaller than that of water and floats on the upper layer of the water, so that the organic solvent on the upper layer is the kiwi fruit flower essential oil.

The multifunctional extraction device used in the invention is self-assembled by the inventor, and the whole device is sealed during the reaction process.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the invention continuously carries out low-temperature water vapor distillation and extraction in a seamless butt joint manner, combines two steps into one, can extract a large amount of essential oil only by a small amount of kiwi fruit flower solvent, improves the extraction efficiency of kiwi fruit flower essential oil, avoids secondary operation pollution, saves the extracted solvent, shortens the extraction time, and has simple operation and low production cost;

(2) the extraction rate of the kiwi fruit flower essential oil reaches 85%, the utilization rate of the kiwi fruit flower reaches 95%, and the extraction rate of the traditional Chinese medicine functional components of the kiwi fruit flower reaches 70%;

(3) the kiwi flower essential oil has fragrant smell and long fragrance duration, can concentrate g/L-level volatile organic components from lipid or water medium by thousands of times, can effectively retain organic matters and trace elements beneficial to human health in kiwi flowers, and has remarkable economic value.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the multifunctional extracting device of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. the device comprises a heart-shaped bottle, 2, a vacuum valve, 3, a vacuum device, 4, a condensation pipe, 5, an essential oil collecting device, 6, a U-shaped pipe, 7 and a round-bottom flask.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment includes the following steps:

(1) crushing 1kg of kiwi fruit flower, and adding 100mL of deionized water to obtain kiwi fruit flower pulp;

(2) placing the kiwi fruit flower slurry obtained in the step (1) in a round-bottom flask, connecting the round-bottom flask to the right end inlet of a multifunctional extraction device, then connecting a heart bottle containing 20mL of kiwi fruit flower solvent (formed by mixing petroleum ether and ethyl acetate according to the volume ratio of 2: 1) to the left end inlet of the same multifunctional extraction device, and distilling the round-bottom flask containing the kiwi fruit flower slurry and the heart bottle containing the kiwi fruit flower solvent respectively at the temperature of 36 ℃ to obtain kiwi fruit flower oil-water mixed airflow and kiwi fruit flower solvent airflow respectively;

(3) and (3) condensing the kiwi fruit flower oil-water mixed airflow and the kiwi fruit flower solvent airflow obtained in the step (2) at the same time in a condensation pipe of a multifunctional extraction device, extracting, then introducing into a U-shaped pipe of the multifunctional extraction device, standing and separating, wherein the water phase and the kiwi fruit flower essential oil are mutually insoluble, and the obtained upper organic phase is the kiwi fruit flower essential oil product.

According to the analysis of the kiwi fruit flower essential oil product by GC/MS, the extraction rate of the kiwi fruit flower essential oil is 83%, the utilization rate of the kiwi fruit flower is 92%, and the extraction rate of the traditional Chinese medicine functional components of the kiwi fruit flower is 65%.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment includes the following steps:

(2) placing the kiwi fruit flower slurry obtained in the step (1) in a round-bottom flask, connecting the round-bottom flask to the right end inlet of a multifunctional extraction device, then connecting a heart bottle containing 30mL of kiwi fruit flower solvent (formed by mixing petroleum ether and ethyl acetate according to the volume ratio of 5: 1) to the left end inlet of the same multifunctional extraction device, and distilling the round-bottom flask containing the kiwi fruit flower slurry and the heart bottle containing the kiwi fruit flower solvent respectively at the temperature of 38 ℃ to obtain kiwi fruit flower oil-water mixed airflow and kiwi fruit flower solvent airflow respectively;

According to the analysis of the kiwi fruit flower essential oil product by GC/MS, the extraction rate of the kiwi fruit flower essential oil is 85%, the utilization rate of the kiwi fruit flower is 95%, and the extraction rate of the traditional Chinese medicine functional components of the kiwi fruit flower is 70%.

Claims

1. The extraction method of the kiwi flower essential oil is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method for extracting actinidia flower essential oil, as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the distillation temperature is less than or equal to 40 ℃.

3. The method for extracting actinidia flower essential oil, as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step (2), the distillation temperature is 36-38 ℃.

4. The method for extracting essential oil of kiwi flowers according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein in step (2), the solvent of kiwi flowers is one or more of petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butane, dichloromethane and chloroform.