CN112980480A - Method for preparing iron coke from steel slag and iron ore powder - Google Patents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/04—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
- C10B47/28—Other processes
- C10B47/30—Other processes in rotary ovens or retorts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/08—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form in the form of briquettes, lumps and the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/16—Features of high-temperature carbonising processes
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing iron coke by using steel slag and iron ore powder, which comprises the following steps: preparing raw materials according to the mass percentage of 5-15% of steel slag, 5-15% of iron ore powder, 10-25% of lean coal, 50-65% of 1/3 coking coal and 5-15% of anthracite; mixing the raw materials, heating, and hot-press molding to obtain a hot-press block; placing the hot-pressed block in an external heating type carbonization furnace for carbonization; and cooling the carbonized hot-pressed block to room temperature in a closed container to obtain the iron coke. The method for preparing the ferro-coke by using the steel slag and the iron ore powder has the advantages of wide raw material source, simple process flow, low energy consumption and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy, in particular to a method for preparing iron coke by using steel slag and iron ore powder.
Background
The ferro coke is an excellent iron-making raw material with high reactivity refined by using coal and a catalyst as raw materials. The ferro-coke has the characteristics of low initial reaction temperature, high reaction rate and improvement of the reduction driving force of the reduced iron ore. The iron coke can lead the gasification reaction of the carbon to be carried out at a lower temperature in advance, thereby reducing the temperature level of a heat reserve area, improving the reduction reaction efficiency of iron ore in the blast furnace and improving the utilization rate of coal gas.
Alkaline earth metals and transition element metals can be used as catalysts to be added into coal, thereby improving reactivity. The catalyst is added in a pre-addition method or a post-addition method. The pre-adding method is that the catalyst is added into the coal blending to be coked together to obtain the iron coke. The latter addition method refers to spraying a catalyst solution on the surface during the coke discharging process. When the post-addition method is adopted, the catalyst on the surface of the ferro coke can fall off in the transportation process, and the ferro coke reactivity cannot be well improved.
On the other hand, the steel slag contains a large amount of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide and iron-containing substances, which have good catalytic action on coke gasification reaction. Iron oxide in the iron ore powder can be reduced into metallic iron in the process of iron coke carbonization, thereby playing a role in catalyzing the gasification reaction of carbon. The combined action of the steel slag and the iron ore powder can obviously improve the reactivity of the coke compared with the single action of the steel slag and the iron ore powder. Therefore, the iron coke can be prepared by utilizing the dual catalytic action of the steel slag and the iron ore powder.
At present, there are many methods for preparing ferro coke, for example, as described in patent CN103756701, the ferro coke is prepared by using blended coal as raw material, steel slag as additive and coke oven coking process. The granularity of the added steel slag is not more than 0.2mm, and the mass of the added steel slag is not more than 1 percent of the mass of the blended coal.
In patent CN101910364, iron oxide-containing substance and carbonaceous substance are mixed and molded, and then the molded product is subjected to dry distillation at a heating rate of not more than 20 ℃/min within the temperature range of 550-600 ℃ to produce ferro-coke.
In patent CN102827624, the raw materials are mixed by 10-40% of red mud and 60-90% of coal powder at the ratio of 300-800g/cm2The iron coke with the strength not lower than 20N/ball is obtained by cold press molding of a double-roller ball press machine under the pressure, then the bulk materials are loaded into a coke oven by a mixed loading mode, the coke oven is heated under the protective atmosphere until the central temperature of a coke cake reaches 900-1100 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 1-2 hours, and finally the high-strength iron coke is obtained.
According to CN103468287, the steel slag with the particle size of less than 74 μm is used as a catalyst and is respectively dried and uniformly mixed with a coal sample to form a mixed material, water accounting for 9-11% of the mixed material by mass and the steel slag accounting for 0-15% of the mixed material by mass are added into a coking reaction tank, the mixture is tamped and sealed to obtain a coal cake, and the mixed material is placed into the coking reaction tank, wherein the bulk density of the mixed material is 950-1150 kg/m3And (3) quickly placing the coking reaction tank into the center of a hearth when the temperature of the coke oven is raised to 800 ℃, keeping the temperature for 6-8 hours after the temperature of the coke oven is raised to 1000-1100 ℃, taking out the reaction tank, and cooling to obtain the iron coke.
As described in CN103468289, 5-20% of steel slag and 80-95% of blended coal are mixed with water uniformly and tamped, and then put into a coke oven at 800 ℃, heated at the speed of 2-5 ℃/min, and discharged at 950-1050 ℃; and the iron coke is obtained by wet quenching, wherein the blended coal is prepared by mixing 25-29% of 1/3 coking coal, 40-44% of coking coal, 7-11% of lean coal, 6-10% of gas-fat coal and 12-16% of fat coal.
However, these methods have the following problems: (1) the iron coke is prepared by only adopting the iron-containing substance or the steel slag, and the iron coke is not prepared by the steel slag and the iron-containing substance together. (2) Some methods require the use of expensive binders, while inorganic binders contain impurity elements such as Na, K, Cl, etc., and organic binders do not have high temperature strength. (3) Some methods add nearly half or more of coking coal, have limited coke-saving effect and limit the popularization and use of the coking-free coal areas. In order to reduce energy consumption, simplify process flow, reduce environmental load and realize sustainable development of the steel industry, a new method for preparing iron coke needs to be actively researched and researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for preparing iron coke from steel slag and iron ore powder, which has the advantages of wide raw material source, simple process flow, low energy consumption and low cost.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for preparing iron coke by using steel slag and iron ore powder, which comprises the following steps:
preparing raw materials according to the mass percentage of 5-15% of steel slag, 5-15% of iron ore powder, 10-25% of lean coal, 50-65% of 1/3 coking coal and 5-15% of anthracite;
mixing the raw materials, heating, and hot-press molding to obtain a hot-press block;
placing the hot-pressed block in an external heating type carbonization furnace for carbonization;
and cooling the carbonized hot-pressed block to room temperature in a closed container to obtain the iron coke.
Further, the raw materials are mixed and heated to 150-300 ℃.
Further, the carbonization of the hot-pressed block in the external heating carbonization furnace comprises three stages of preheating, temperature rising and high-temperature carbonization.
Further, the preheating temperature in the preheating stage is not higher than 350 ℃, the heating rate in the heating stage is not more than 5 ℃/min, the high-temperature carbonization temperature in the high-temperature carbonization stage is 950-1050 ℃, and the high-temperature carbonization time is 3-5 h.
Further, the content of calcium oxide in the steel slag is not lower than 40%; the total iron content in the iron ore powder is not lower than 40%; the 1/3 coking coal contains not less than 55% of fixed carbon, not more than 10% of ash, not more than 35% of volatile matter and not less than 10% of colloidal layer index; the content of fixed carbon in the lean coal is not less than 65%, the ash content is not more than 10%, the volatile content is not more than 15%, and the index of a colloidal layer is not less than 10; the anthracite has the fixed carbon content of not less than 75%, the ash content of not more than 10% and the volatile component of not more than 7%.
Further, the granularity of the steel slag is not more than 0.5 mm; the granularity of the iron ore powder is not more than 0.15 mm; the particle sizes of the 1/3 coking coal, the lean coal and the anthracite are not more than 0.15 mm.
The method for preparing the ferro-coke by using the steel slag and the iron ore powder provided by the invention mainly realizes the main contents and advantages of the invention according to the following principles: (1) the iron ore powder and the steel slag are added, so that the dual catalytic action of the iron ore powder and the steel slag is fully utilized, and the catalyst can play a role in catalyzing the carbon gasification reaction in coal better than the single use of the steel slag or the iron ore powder. (2) By controlling the heating rate of the external heating type carbonization furnace, the decomposition and precipitation rate of volatile components in the heating process is reduced, meanwhile, part of anthracite and lean coal are added into the ingredients, the volatile component content of the whole iron coke can be reduced, cracks are prevented from occurring in the heating process of the iron coke, and the qualified strength of the iron coke product is ensured. (3) The iron coke has higher reactivity, can preferentially react with carbon dioxide when being mixed with the coke, and plays a certain role in protecting the coke in the blast furnace to a certain extent
The method for preparing the ferro coke by using the steel slag and the iron ore powder has the following advantages: (1) the double catalytic action of the steel slag and the iron ore powder is utilized, so that the reactivity of the coke is obviously improved. (2) The production process of the ferro-coke can use a large amount of non-coking coal, particularly adds part of cheap steel slag and iron ore powder, and has good effects on measures for coping coal resources, strengthening environmental protection measures of iron works and the like. (3) The iron coke has higher reactivity, can preferentially react with carbon dioxide when being mixed with the coke, and plays a certain protective role on the coke in the blast furnace to a certain extent, thereby reducing the use of the coke. After the iron coke is used in the blast furnace, the gasification reaction of the carbon can be carried out at a lower temperature in advance, the temperature of a heat storage area is reduced, and the utilization rate of coal gas is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing iron coke from steel slag and iron ore powder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the method for preparing iron coke from steel slag and iron ore powder according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
preparing raw materials according to the mass percentage of 5-15% of steel slag, 5-15% of iron ore powder, 10-25% of lean coal, 50-65% of 1/3 coking coal and 5-15% of anthracite;
mixing the raw materials, heating, and hot-press molding to obtain a hot-press block;
placing the hot-pressed block in an external heating type carbonization furnace for carbonization;
and cooling the carbonized hot-pressed block to room temperature in a closed container to obtain the iron coke.
Wherein the raw materials are mixed and heated to 150-300 ℃.
The carbonization of the hot-pressed block in the external heating carbonization furnace comprises three stages of preheating, temperature rising and high-temperature carbonization.
The preheating temperature in the preheating stage is not higher than 350 ℃, the heating rate in the heating stage is not more than 7 ℃/min, the high-temperature carbonization temperature in the high-temperature carbonization stage is 900-1050 ℃, and the high-temperature carbonization time is 3-5 h.
Wherein, the content of calcium oxide in the steel slag is not lower than 40 percent; the total iron content in the iron ore powder is not lower than 40%; the 1/3 coking coal contains not less than 55% of fixed carbon, not more than 10% of ash, not more than 35% of volatile matter and not less than 10% of colloidal layer index; the content of fixed carbon in the lean coal is not less than 65%, the ash content is not more than 10%, the volatile content is not more than 15%, and the index of a colloidal layer is not less than 10; the anthracite has the fixed carbon content of not less than 75%, the ash content of not more than 10% and the volatile component of not more than 7%.
Wherein the granularity of the steel slag is not more than 0.5 mm; the granularity of the iron ore powder is not more than 0.15 mm; the particle sizes of the 1/3 coking coal, the lean coal and the anthracite are not more than 0.15 mm.
The method for preparing iron coke from steel slag and iron ore powder provided by the invention is specifically described by the following examples.
Example 1
The main components of the steel slag are shown in table 1, the main components of the iron ore powder are shown in table 2, the chemical components of the 1/3 coking coal are shown in table 3, the chemical components of the anthracite are shown in table 4, and the chemical components of the lean coal are shown in table 5. The granularity of the steel slag is less than 0.15mm, wherein the granularity of less than 0.075mm accounts for 60 percent. 95 percent of the iron ore powder with the granularity not more than 0.15 mm. 1/3 the coke powder has a particle size of less than 0.15mm, wherein 80% of the particles with a particle size of less than 0.075 mm. The lean coal has a particle size of less than 0.15mm accounting for 90%, and the lean coal has a particle size of less than 0.075mm accounting for 80%. The anthracite has a particle size of less than 0.15mm, wherein 70% of the particles with a particle size of less than 0.075mm are present.
TABLE 1 Steel slag principal Components (mass fraction)
TABLE 2 iron ore powder principal ingredients (mass fraction)
TABLE 3 Industrial analysis of certain 1/3 pulverized coking coal
TABLE 4 Industrial analysis of certain anthracite fines
TABLE 5 Industrial analysis of certain lean coal fines
The raw materials comprise 15 percent of steel slag, 15 percent of iron ore powder, 50 percent of 1/3 coking coal powder, 10 percent of lean coal and 10 percent of anthracite coal powder by mass fraction. After the materials are fully and uniformly mixed, the mixture is heated to 200 ℃, and then is quickly hot-pressed and molded to prepare the hot-pressed block. The hot pressed blocks are placed in an external heating type carbonization furnace and are preheated, heated and carbonized at high temperature in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. Wherein the preheating temperature in the preheating stage is not higher than 350 ℃, the heating rate is 5 ℃/min, the high-temperature carbonization temperature is 1050 ℃, the high-temperature carbonization time is 4 hours, and the iron coke is prepared by taking out the iron coke and cooling the iron coke to room temperature in a closed container. The compressive strength of the prepared iron coke is 3194N/piece, the dropping strength is 12.5 times/piece, the drum index is 66.3 percent, the CaO content is 7.84 percent, and the SiO content is2The content was 5.73% and the reactive CRI was 59.5%.
Example 2
The main components of the steel slag are shown in Table 6, the main components of the iron ore powder are shown in Table 7, the chemical components of the 1/3 coking coal are shown in Table 8, the chemical components of the anthracite are shown in Table 9, and the chemical components of the lean coal are shown in Table 10. The granularity of the steel slag is less than 0.15mm, wherein the granularity of less than 0.075mm accounts for 70 percent. The iron ore powder with the granularity not more than 0.15mm accounts for 90 percent. 1/3 the coke powder has a particle size of less than 0.15mm, wherein 75% of the particles with a particle size of less than 0.075 mm. The lean coal has a particle size of less than 0.15mm accounting for 85%, wherein the particle size of less than 0.075mm accounts for 85%. The anthracite has a particle size of less than 0.15mm, wherein 75% of the particles with a particle size of less than 0.075mm are present.
TABLE 6 Steel slag principal Components (mass fraction)
TABLE 7 iron ore powder principal ingredients (mass fraction)
TABLE 8 Industrial analysis of certain 1/3 pulverized coking coal
TABLE 9 Industrial analysis of certain anthracite fines
TABLE 10 Industrial analysis of certain lean coal fines
The raw materials are respectively 10% of steel slag, 10% of iron ore powder, 50% of 1/3 coking coal powder, 20% of lean coal and 10% of anthracite coal powder in percentage by mass. After the materials are mixed evenly, the mixture is heated to 250 ℃, and then is quickly hot-pressed and molded to prepare the hot-pressed block. The hot-pressed block is placed in an external heating type carbonization furnace and is subjected to three stages of preheating, temperature rising and high-temperature carbonization in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. Wherein the preheating temperature in the preheating stage is not higher than 300 ℃, the heating rate is 3 ℃/min, the high-temperature carbonization temperature is 1000 ℃, the high-temperature carbonization time is 4 hours, and the iron coke is prepared by taking out and cooling to room temperature in a closed container. The compressive strength of the prepared iron coke is 3260N/piece, the falling strength is 13 times/piece, the drum strength index is 68.6 percent, the CaO content is 7.64 percent, and the SiO content is2The content was 7.53%, and the reactive CRI was 56.3%.
Example 3
The main components of the steel slag are shown in Table 11, the main components of the iron ore powder are shown in Table 12, the chemical components of the 1/3 coking coal are shown in Table 13, the chemical components of the anthracite are shown in Table 14, and the chemical components of the lean coal are shown in Table 15. The granularity of the steel slag is less than 0.15mm, wherein the granularity of less than 0.075mm accounts for 65 percent. The iron ore powder with the granularity not more than 0.15mm accounts for 90 percent. 1/3 the coke powder has a particle size of less than 0.15mm, wherein 78% of the coke powder with a particle size of less than 0.075 mm. The lean coal has a particle size of less than 0.15mm accounting for 94%, and the lean coal has a particle size of less than 0.075mm accounting for 85%. The anthracite has a particle size of less than 0.15mm, wherein 75% of the particles with a particle size of less than 0.075mm are present.
TABLE 11 Steel slag principal Components (mass fraction)
TABLE 12 iron ore powder principal ingredients (mass fraction)
TABLE 13 Industrial analysis of certain 1/3 pulverized coking coal
TABLE 14 Industrial analysis of certain anthracite fines
TABLE 15 Industrial analysis of certain lean coal fines
The raw materials are respectively 10% of steel slag, 5% of iron ore powder, 55% of 1/3 coking coal powder, 20% of lean coal and 10% of anthracite coal powder in percentage by mass. After the materials are mixed evenly, the mixture is heated to 300 ℃, and then is quickly hot-pressed and molded to prepare the hot-pressed block. Placing the hot pressing block inIn the external heating type carbonization furnace, three stages of preheating, temperature rising and high-temperature carbonization are carried out under the non-oxidizing atmosphere. Wherein the preheating temperature in the preheating stage is not higher than 350 ℃, the heating rate is 4 ℃/min, the high-temperature carbonization temperature is 950 ℃, the high-temperature carbonization time is 4 hours, and the iron coke is prepared by taking out the iron coke and cooling the iron coke to room temperature in a closed container. The compressive strength of the prepared iron coke is 3160N/piece, the dropping strength is 11 times/piece, the drum index is 66.4 percent, the CaO content is 7.54 percent, and the SiO content is2The content was 7.47% and the reactive CRI was 55.3%.
The invention provides a method for preparing iron coke by using steel slag and iron ore powder. The process flow is simple, the coking coal is not used, the binder is not added, only the raw materials of steel slag, iron ore powder, 1/3 coking coal, anthracite, lean coal and the like are used, and the source of the raw fuel is wide. Meanwhile, the external heating type carbonization furnace is used for high-temperature carbonization treatment, a large amount of domestic idle external heating type furnaces can be utilized, the energy consumption is low, the production rate is high, and the requirements of low energy consumption and low cost in steel production can be met. Moreover, as can be seen from the properties of the ferro coke prepared in the above examples, the ferro coke prepared by the invention has excellent compressive strength and high reactivity, and can be used as an excellent blast furnace ironmaking raw material.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preparing iron coke by using steel slag and iron ore powder is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing raw materials according to the mass percentage of 5-15% of steel slag, 5-15% of iron ore powder, 10-25% of lean coal, 50-65% of 1/3 coking coal and 5-15% of anthracite;
mixing the raw materials, heating, and hot-press molding to obtain a hot-press block;
placing the hot-pressed block in an external heating type carbonization furnace for carbonization;
and cooling the carbonized hot-pressed block to room temperature in a closed container to obtain the iron coke.
2. The method for preparing iron coke from steel slag and iron ore powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the raw materials are mixed and heated to 150-300 ℃.
3. The method for preparing iron coke from steel slag and iron ore powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the carbonization of the hot-pressed block in the external heating carbonization furnace comprises three stages of preheating, temperature rising and high-temperature carbonization.
4. The method for preparing iron coke from steel slag and iron ore powder as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the preheating temperature in the preheating stage is not higher than 350 ℃, the heating rate in the heating stage is not more than 7 ℃/min, the high-temperature carbonization temperature in the high-temperature carbonization stage is 900-1050 ℃, and the high-temperature carbonization time is 2-4 h.
5. The method for preparing iron coke from steel slag and iron ore powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the content of calcium oxide in the steel slag is not lower than 40 percent; the total iron content in the iron ore powder is not lower than 40%; the 1/3 coking coal contains not less than 55% of fixed carbon, not more than 10% of ash, not more than 35% of volatile matter and not less than 10% of colloidal layer index; the content of fixed carbon in the lean coal is not less than 65%, the ash content is not more than 10%, the volatile content is not more than 15%, and the index of a colloidal layer is not less than 10; the anthracite has the fixed carbon content of not less than 75%, the ash content of not more than 10% and the volatile component of not more than 7%.
6. The method for preparing iron coke from steel slag and iron ore powder as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the granularity of the steel slag is not more than 0.5 mm; the granularity of the iron ore powder is not more than 0.15 mm; the particle sizes of the 1/3 coking coal, the lean coal and the anthracite are not more than 0.15 mm.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113416567A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-09-21 | 山西沁新能源集团股份有限公司 | Preparation method of iron coke and iron coke |
| CN115612761A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2023-01-17 | 山西沁新能源集团股份有限公司 | Low-ash high-strength iron coke and preparation method thereof |
| CN115612761B (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2023-11-03 | 山西沁新能源集团股份有限公司 | Low-ash high-strength iron coke and preparation method thereof |
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