CN112978907B - Device and method for quickly starting filamentous bacterium sludge expansion under low-temperature condition - Google Patents

Device and method for quickly starting filamentous bacterium sludge expansion under low-temperature condition Download PDF

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CN112978907B
CN112978907B CN202110177353.9A CN202110177353A CN112978907B CN 112978907 B CN112978907 B CN 112978907B CN 202110177353 A CN202110177353 A CN 202110177353A CN 112978907 B CN112978907 B CN 112978907B
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water
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expansion
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CN112978907A (en
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高春娣
李悦
杨箫阳
程丽阳
韩颖璐
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Beijing University of Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/1205—Particular type of activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/121—Multistep treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/1236—Particular type of activated sludge installations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/22—O2
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/36—Biological material, e.g. enzymes or ATP
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/02—Odour removal or prevention of malodour
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Abstract

A device and a method for rapidly starting the expansion of microfilaria sludge under a low temperature condition belong to the technical field of biological sewage treatment. Inoculating short-cut nitrified sludge in a low-temperature SBR reactor, and acclimating for 7 days in the first stage to recover the activity, wherein the SVI is 80-100 mL/g; and in the second stage, the operation test is carried out in an aerobic-starved and low-dissolved-oxygen mode, the dissolved oxygen concentration is 0.8-1.1 mg/L, the SVI value is gradually increased from 100mL/g to 180mL/g, and after the reactor is operated for 17 days, when the SVI value is stably maintained between 160-180 mL/g, the activated sludge is maintained in a sludge micro-expansion state, so that the dominant filamentous fungus is the filamentous fungus of the Micromycelial type. In the third stage, the dissolved oxygen concentration is further reduced by 0.2-0.5 mg/L, the sludge settleability of the system is remarkably deteriorated in the later stage of the test, the SVI value is increased to 423mL/g, the sludge bulking phenomenon is very serious, and a large amount of filamentous bacteria in the activated sludge can be obviously seen through gram and nano type dyeing.

Description

Device and method for quickly starting filamentous bacterium sludge expansion under low-temperature condition
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biological sewage treatment, in particular to a device and a method for quickly starting the sludge bulking of a microfilaria at a low temperature.
Background
Since the initiative of an activated sludge process, the sludge bulking problem always troubles the operation of a sewage treatment plant, the sludge bulking phenomenon induced by excessive growth of filamentous bacteria is a great challenge for stable operation of an urban sewage biological treatment system, and the sludge bulking phenomenon can cause difficult solid-liquid separation of a secondary sedimentation tank and worsen the quality of effluent water, and can cause the breakdown of the whole biological treatment system in serious cases. Since previous studies on filamentous fungi sludge bulking have been mostly conducted around environmental conditions causing filamentous fungi bulking and characteristics of sludge flocs after bulking, microscopic intensive studies on sludge bulking have been lacking. Different advantageous filamentous fungi not only have different physiological characteristics, but also can dynamically change along with the change of water quality and environment, so that the related research on sludge bulking is not realized any further.
The phenomenon of sludge bulking induced by the microfilaria is common and serious in consequence, so that the prevention and control of the sludge bulking in the daily process operation of sewage are very important. However, the water quality characteristics of some sewage are easy to induce swelling, and the problems of easy swelling induction caused by temperature change caused by seasonal changes and the like are difficult to completely avoid in actual operation, so that the difficulty in preventing and controlling sludge swelling is increased. In the field of microbiological research of filamentous bacterium expansion, although the physiological and ecological characteristics of a large number of microfilaments are researched and summarized, due to the difficulty in separating the microfilaments, the obtained pure culture grows very slowly under the laboratory condition, so that the deep understanding of people on the physiological and biochemical characteristics is limited, and the establishment of a targeted general control strategy is quite difficult. Therefore, the investigation of the structural change of the microbial population and the competitive mechanism among the microbial populations in the sludge bulking process is of great importance for deepening the understanding of the sludge bulking process.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method for sludge bulking by filamentous fungi which is directed to specific dominant filamentous fungi. By identifying the specific dominant filamentous bacteria in the activated sludge and researching the morphology and ecological physiology of the specific filamentous bacteria in the sludge bulking process, the method has pertinence and pertinence to the regulation and control of the sludge micro-bulking stage and malignant bulking interpretation of the specific filamentous bacteria in the activated sludge. On the basis, a control method for inhibiting the proliferation of the dominant filamentous fungi is provided according to the physiological characteristics of the dominant filamentous fungi, so that the sludge bulking is effectively prevented and treated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the research, the invention provides a method for quickly starting sludge bulking taking microfilaria as dominant filamentous bacteria in a low-temperature SBR reactor, which relates to the field of sewage biological treatment, can quickly start a sludge micro-bulking state or a malignant bulking state taking microfilaria as dominant filamentous bacteria, is simple to operate, and can maintain the stable operation of the reactor in the micro-bulking or malignant bulking state for a long time.
A device and a method for rapidly starting the expansion of microfilaria sludge under the condition of low temperature are characterized in that:
1. a device for rapidly starting the expansion of microfilaria sludge under the low-temperature condition has the following structure:
the low-temperature SBR reactor comprises a water inlet system, a water drainage system, a stirring system, an aeration system, a temperature control system, a DO (DO) and a pH monitoring system; the effective volume of the SBR reactor is 8L, a low-temperature water bath circulation system is arranged outside the SBR reactor, and a corresponding temperature control device refrigerator (8) is arranged, the refrigerator can successfully reduce the temperature of 8L of activated sludge water at 28 ℃ to 8 ℃ within 30 minutes, the temperature control device adjusts the temperature of the reaction device through the low-temperature circulation system and a heating rod (4), the control range is-9-99 ℃, and the temperature control device is monitored through a temperature probe, namely comprises a low-temperature device and a heating device; the outermost side is provided with a water inlet valve, a water outlet valve and a mud valve; the water inlet system is communicated with a water inlet valve (7) at the top of the SBR reactor through a water inlet tank (9), a peristaltic pump (10) and a water inlet pipe; a drainage system is arranged at 1/2 of the bottom of the SBR reactor and is communicated with a water outlet tank through a drainage pipe; the stirring system comprises an electric stirrer (1); the bottom of the reactor is provided with an aeration disc (15) which is connected with a gas rotameter (12) which is connected with an air compressor (14) to control the aeration rate; a sludge discharge valve is arranged at the bottom end of the SBR reactor and used for discharging sludge; a DO probe (6) and a pH probe (5) connected to a hand-held digital multi-parameter meter WTW (3) monitor changes in DO and pH, respectively.
2. A method for rapidly starting the expansion of Micromyces sludge under the low temperature condition comprises the following steps: COD concentration range is 87.5-242.5 mg/L, NH 4+ The concentration of N is 49.1-79.8 mg/L, the pH range is 6.9-7.8, and the C/N range is 2.5-3.5; the sludge concentration is maintained at 2000-3500 mg/L in the whole operation process, the temperature is controlled at 12-13 ℃ by using a low-temperature circulating system, and the drainage ratio of the SBR reactor is 50%; the specific process comprises the following three stages:
(1) A sludge domestication stage, wherein activated sludge taken from a sewage treatment plant is inoculated into an SBR reactor, domestic sewage is added into the SBR reactor through a water inlet pipe by using a peristaltic pump, and water is fed for 10min; acclimatization is carried out in an aerobic way in the whole process, gas flows through a glass rotameter by an air compressor and then enters the reactor through an aeration disc at the bottom of the reactor, the rotameter is adjusted to control the DO concentration to be 2.0-2.5 mg/L, a stirrer is started to fully stir the mud-water mixture, and aerobic stirring is carried out for 270min; standing for precipitation for 30min, opening a water outlet valve, and discharging water through a water outlet pipe with a water discharge ratio of 50%; after standing idle, feeding water to the next period, 4 periods per day, repeating the above steps for 7-10 days, recovering the activity of the seed sludge, and entering the next stage, wherein the SVI is 80-100 mL/g;
(2) The sludge micro-expansion stage runs for 4 cycles every day, and the single-cycle running mode is as follows: feeding water for 10min, stirring for 90min under oxygen deficiency, stirring for 180min under aerobic condition, precipitating for 30min, draining for 10min, and standing; the DO concentration of the aerobic stage is controlled to be 0.8-1.1 mg/L, and the DO and the pH value in the system are continuously monitored by using WTW at the aerobic stage; and (4) after standing and precipitating, opening a water outlet valve to discharge water through a water outlet pipe, wherein the water discharge ratio is 50%, feeding water again to the next period, and operating for 15-20 days. When the SVI value is stably maintained between 160 and 180mL/g, the activated sludge is maintained in a sludge micro-expansion state, gram staining, nano staining and FISH experiments are carried out on the micro-expanded sludge, and the dominant filamentous fungus in the micro-expansion is proved to be a microfilament type filamentous fungus, so that the next stage can be entered;
(3) In the stage of sludge malignant expansion, the DO concentration is changed after the sludge is subjected to micro-expansion stability, the DO concentration is controlled to be 0.2-0.5 mg/L in the aerobic stage, the DO and the pH value in the system are continuously monitored by using WTW (WTW-Wolfram) for 10-15 days, and when the mixed liquor in the aeration tank is statically precipitated for 30min, the volume fraction (SV) occupied by the precipitated sludge is 30 When the volume value of the corresponding 1g of dry sludge, namely the SVI value exceeds 400mL/g, exceeds 95 percent, the sludge is seriously and maliciously expanded, and a large number of filamentous bacteria exist in the activated sludge through gram and nano-type dyeing.
3. The invention has the advantages that:
(1) The invention provides a device for rapidly starting the expansion of the microfilament sludge under the low temperature condition, the SBR reactor has a simple structure, a low-temperature circulating system is added in the device, the temperature of 8L of activated sludge at 28 ℃ can be successfully reduced to 8 ℃ within 30 minutes, and the control range of a matched temperature controller is-9-99 ℃, thereby providing convenience for experimental adjustability.
(2) The rapid starting method for sludge micro-expansion is a starting method for the expansion of filamentous bacteria (microfilaments) with specific advantages, can maintain the sludge micro-expansion state in the expansion process, can also cause the malignant expansion of the sludge after adjustment, has strong pertinence, provides an experimental basis for researching the competitive relationship and diversity among microorganisms in the microfilament sludge expansion, is convenient for carrying out accurate sludge expansion regulation and control by combining the physiological characteristics of the filamentous bacteria with the specific advantages in the later period, and achieves the aims of better energy conservation and improvement of effluent quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a portion of the apparatus of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1: 1. an electric stirrer; 2. an electric motor; model wtw3420 dissolved oxygen instrument; 4. a heating rod; 5.pH probe; 6.DO probe; 7. a sampling port; 8. a refrigerator; 9. a water distribution tank; 10. a peristaltic pump; 11. a gas flow meter; 12. an air compressor; 13. an aeration disc; 14. temperature controller
FIG. 2 shows the change of SVI values at different stages of the whole reaction process;
FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) are a gram stain chart and a nanomesh stain chart, respectively, of the sludge in a micro-swollen state after completion of step (2);
FIG. 4 is a FISH dominant filamentous bacterium detection diagram in a sludge micro-bulking state after the completion of step (2);
FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b) are a gram stain chart and a nanomorphic stain chart, respectively, of a sludge in a state of malignant swelling after completion of step (3);
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific control methods:
the invention adopts the low-temperature SBR reactor, the inoculated sludge is the return sludge of a sewage treatment plant of a high tombstone shop, and the sedimentation performance of the sludge is good. Controlling the sludge concentration in the SBR reactor to be kept at 2500-3500 mg/L. Opening a water inlet valve, adopting a short-time water inlet mode, feeding water for 10min, and adding domestic sewage with a low carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N = 2.5-3.5) into the SBR reactor through a water inlet pipe by using a peristaltic pump; opening a temperature control device to maintain the temperature at 12-14 ℃; making gas flow through a glass rotameter by using an air compressor, then entering the reactor through an aeration disc at the bottom of the reactor, and adjusting the rotameter to control the DO concentration to be 2.0-2.5 mg/L; opening the stirrer to fully stir the mud-water mixture, and carrying out aerobic stirring for 270min; standing for precipitation for 30min, opening a water outlet valve, and discharging water through a water outlet pipe with a water discharge ratio of 50%; and (4) feeding water to the next period after standing for 4 periods every day, repeating the steps for 7 to 10 days, recovering the activity of the seed sludge, and entering the next stage when the SVI is 80 to 100 mL/g.
The actual domestic sewage with low C/N ratio is adopted in the test period, and the specific water quality ranges are as follows: COD concentration is 86.3-240.5 mg/L, NH 4+ The concentration of-N is 45.3-82 mg/L, the pH is 6.8-7.6, and the C/N ratio is 2.5-3.5. The change of the sedimentation performance of the sludge is judged by measuring the SVI value every day, and the change trend of the SVI value in the whole process is shown in figure 2.
After the domestication stage, changing the operation parameters, and entering a second stage: the sludge micro-expansion stage runs for 4 cycles every day, and the single-cycle running mode is as follows: feeding water for 10min, stirring for 90min under oxygen deficiency, stirring for 180min under aerobic condition, precipitating for 30min, draining for 10min, and standing; the DO concentration of the aerobic stage is controlled to be 0.8-1.1 mg/L, and the DO and the pH value in the system are continuously monitored by using WTW at the aerobic stage; and after standing and precipitating, opening a water outlet valve to discharge water through a water outlet pipe, wherein the water discharge ratio is 50%, and operating for 15-20 days. The SVI value of the system is gradually increased from 100mL/g to 180mL/g due to the fact that the system is operated under the condition of low oxygen from the normal dissolved oxygen level, the sludge bulking phenomenon of the activated sludge occurs, through gram and nano type staining, the existence of some filamentous bacteria in the activated sludge can be obviously seen, the gram staining chart is shown in figure 3 (a), and the nano type staining chart is shown in figure 3 (b). The dominant filamentous fungi were further qualitatively analyzed by FISH method to obtain the dominant filamentous fungi as microfilament type filamentous fungi (see FIG. 4). And (3) stably maintaining the SVI value between 160 and 180mL/g, and maintaining the activated sludge in a sludge micro-expansion state, namely entering the next stage.
Changing the operation conditions, entering a third stage: in the stage of sludge malignant expansion, the DO concentration is changed after the sludge is subjected to micro-expansion stability, the DO concentration is controlled to be 0.2-0.5 mg/L in the aerobic stage, DO and pH values in the system are continuously monitored by WTW (WTW), the operation is carried out for 10-15 days, the sludge settleability of the system is remarkably deteriorated in the later period of the test, the SVI value of the system reaches 285mL/g after the operation is carried out for 5 days in the stage, the SVI value is increased to 423mL/g at the last time of the operation of the system, and the sludge is subjected to malignant expansion (SV) 30 >95％，SVI>400 mL/g), a large amount of filamentous bacteria can be obviously seen in the activated sludge through gram and nano-type staining, and the gram staining graph is shown inFIG. 5 (a), the Naeseler staining pattern is shown in FIG. 5 (b). The method not only provides a device for rapidly starting the sludge bulking of the filamentous fungi under the low-temperature condition, can maintain the sludge micro-bulking state in the bulking process, can also trigger the malignant bulking of the sludge after the adjustment, has stronger pertinence, and is convenient for the later-period accurate sludge bulking regulation and control by combining the physiological characteristics of the filamentous fungi with specific advantages.
The foregoing is a detailed description of the invention that will enable one skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention, and the practice of the invention is not limited thereto, and thus, simple modifications of the invention by one skilled in the art are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (1)

1. A method for rapidly starting the expansion of Micromyces sludge under the low temperature condition is characterized in that:
the device used in the method comprises a low-temperature SBR reactor, a water inlet system, a water drainage system, a stirring system, an aeration system, a temperature control system, a DO and a pH monitoring system; the effective volume of the SBR reactor is 8L, a low-temperature water bath circulation system is arranged outside the SBR reactor, and a corresponding temperature control device refrigerator (8) is arranged, the refrigerator can successfully reduce the temperature of 8L of activated sludge water at 28 ℃ to 8 ℃ within 30 minutes, the temperature control device adjusts the temperature of the reaction device through the low-temperature circulation system and a heating rod (4), the control range is-9-99 ℃, and the temperature control device is monitored through a temperature probe, namely comprises a low-temperature device and a heating device; the outermost side is provided with a water inlet valve, a water outlet valve and a mud valve; the water inlet system is communicated with a water inlet valve (7) at the top of the SBR reactor through a water inlet tank (9), a peristaltic pump (10) and a water inlet pipe; a drainage system is arranged at 1/2 of the bottom of the SBR reactor and is communicated with a water outlet tank through a drainage pipe; the stirring system comprises an electric stirrer (1); the bottom of the reactor is provided with an aeration disc (15) which is connected with a gas rotameter (12) which is connected with an air compressor (14) to control the aeration amount; a sludge discharge valve is arranged at the bottom end of the SBR reactor and used for discharging sludge; a DO probe (6) and a pH probe (5) which are connected with a hand-held digital multi-parameter meter WTW (3) are used for respectively monitoring the change of DO and pH;
the quality of inlet water is as follows: the COD concentration range is 87.5-242.5 mg/L, the NH4+ -N concentration is 49.1-79.8 mg/L, the pH range is 6.9-7.8, and the C/N range is 2.5-3.5; the sludge concentration is maintained at 2000-3500 mg/L in the whole operation process, the temperature is controlled at 12-14 ℃ by using a low-temperature circulating system, and the drainage ratio of the SBR reactor is 50%; the specific process comprises the following three stages:
(1) A sludge domestication stage, wherein activated sludge taken from a sewage treatment plant is inoculated into an SBR reactor, domestic sewage is added into the SBR reactor through a water inlet pipe by using a peristaltic pump, and water is fed for 10min; acclimatization is carried out in an aerobic way in the whole process, gas flows through a glass rotameter by an air compressor and then enters the reactor through an aeration disc at the bottom of the reactor, the rotameter is adjusted to control the DO concentration to be 2.0-2.5 mg/L, a stirrer is started to fully stir the mud-water mixture, and aerobic stirring is carried out for 270min; standing for precipitation for 30min, opening a water outlet valve, and discharging water through a water outlet pipe, wherein the water discharge ratio is 50%; after idling, water is fed into the next period, 4 periods are carried out every day, and after the operation is repeated for 7 to 10 days and the SVI is 80 to 100mL/g, the activity of the seed sludge is considered to be recovered, and the next stage is carried out;
(2) The sludge micro-expansion stage runs for 4 cycles every day, and the single-cycle running mode is as follows: feeding water for 10min, stirring for 90min under oxygen deficiency, stirring for 180min under aerobic condition, precipitating for 30min, draining for 10min, and standing; the DO concentration of the aerobic stage is controlled to be 0.8-1.1 mg/L, and the DO and the pH value in the system are continuously monitored by using WTW at the aerobic stage; after standing and precipitating, opening a water outlet valve to discharge water through a water outlet pipe, wherein the water discharge ratio is 50%, feeding water again to the next period, and operating for 15-20 days; when the SVI value is stably maintained between 160 and 180mL/g, the activated sludge is maintained in a sludge micro-expansion state, and then the next stage can be started;
(3) In the stage of sludge malignant expansion, the DO concentration is continuously reduced after the sludge is subjected to micro-expansion stabilization, the DO concentration is controlled to be 0.2-0.5 mg/L in the aerobic stage, the DO and the pH value in the system are continuously monitored by using WTW (WTW) for 10-15 days, and when the mixed liquor in the aeration tank is statically precipitated for 30min, the volume fraction (SV) occupied by the precipitated sludge 30 If the volume value of the sludge exceeds 95 percent and the corresponding volume value of 1g of dry sludge, namely the SVI value exceeds 400mL/g, the severe malignant expansion of the sludge can be finished.
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