CN112977000A - Thermal management system of pure electric vehicle - Google Patents
Thermal management system of pure electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN112977000A CN112977000A CN202110427974.8A CN202110427974A CN112977000A CN 112977000 A CN112977000 A CN 112977000A CN 202110427974 A CN202110427974 A CN 202110427974A CN 112977000 A CN112977000 A CN 112977000A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
- B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00321—Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices
- B60H1/00342—Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices of the liquid-liquid type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/14—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit
- B60H1/143—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit the heat being derived from cooling an electric component, e.g. electric motors, electric circuits, fuel cells or batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
- H01M10/6571—Resistive heaters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
- H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
- B60K2001/005—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric storage means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K2001/008—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for heating the electrical propulsion units
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Abstract
The invention provides a pure electric vehicle thermal management system which comprises an electronic power device cooling subsystem, an air-conditioning cooling and heating subsystem and a battery pack cooling and heating subsystem. According to the pure electric vehicle thermal management system, the battery pack adopts a water cooling mode, is coupled with the air conditioning system through the heat exchange device, and takes the heat of the battery pack out of the vehicle through the high COP value of the air conditioning system, so that the cooling efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced; for heating the battery pack at low temperature, a water cooling mode is also adopted, the water type PTC heating mode is utilized, the battery pack is heated and cooled by a water circulation system, the battery pack and the water circulation system are switched by a switching electromagnetic valve, the flow resistance is reduced, and the arrangement space is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of energy conservation of new energy automobiles, and particularly relates to a thermal management system of a pure electric automobile.
Background
Compared with the traditional fuel oil automobile, the new energy automobile has a plurality of parts needing heat management, and the complexity, control difficulty and technical requirement of a heat management system are higher. The thermal management system architecture becomes one of core key technologies of research and development of new energy automobiles, is an important factor influencing the performances of new energy automobiles such as dynamic property, economy, safety, reliability, thermal comfort, environmental adaptability, driving range and the like, and plays a vital role in development of new energy automobiles. With the rapid development of new energy automobiles and the continuous adjustment of the national policies and technical requirements related to the energy consumption and the driving range of new energy automobiles, the energy conservation, the consumption reduction and the driving range extension become the technological development direction of new energy automobiles.
The thermal management system architecture is the basis of the good and bad thermal management performance of the vehicle, a good thermal management system architecture not only can fully exert the performance of subsystems such as a battery, a motor and an air conditioner, but also can reduce the energy consumption of the battery and improve the driving range of the vehicle, and the thermal management system architecture is an important design link for developing the thermal management performance of the new energy automobile.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention aims to provide a pure electric vehicle thermal management system to solve the problems that in the prior art, a heat exchange device is connected in series with a PTC to increase energy consumption, and the spatial layout is unreasonable.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a pure electric vehicle heat management system comprises an electronic power device cooling subsystem, an air-conditioning cooling and heating subsystem and a battery pack cooling and heating subsystem, wherein the air-conditioning cooling and heating subsystem comprises a compressor, a condenser, a thermal expansion valve, an evaporator and an air-type PTC (positive temperature coefficient), the compressor is connected to the outlet end of the evaporator through a first pipe body, the condenser and a second pipe body in sequence, the inlet end of the evaporator is connected to the compressor through a third pipe body, a first temperature sensor is arranged inside the outlet end of the evaporator, the thermal expansion valve is installed on the second pipe body, the evaporator is installed inside an air-conditioning box, the air-type PTC is also installed inside the air-conditioning box, one end of the battery pack cooling and heating subsystem is communicated with the third pipe body through a fourth pipe body, the other end of the battery pack cooling and heating subsystem is communicated with the second pipe body through a fifth pipe body, and, and the low-temperature radiator and the condenser are arranged in parallel.
Furthermore, the electronic power device cooling subsystem further comprises a first electronic water pump, a charger, a motor controller, a first motor and a low-temperature radiator, wherein the first electronic water pump, the charger, the motor controller and the first motor are connected in series between the water outlet end and the water inlet end of the low-temperature radiator through a sixth pipe body, a second temperature sensor is arranged inside the sixth pipe body, and the second temperature sensor is located at the water outlet end of the first motor.
Furthermore, a fan is arranged on one side of the low-temperature radiator, the low-temperature radiator is located between the fan and the condenser, and the fan and the low-temperature radiator are arranged in parallel.
Furthermore, the battery pack cooling and heating subsystem comprises a battery pack, a water cooling plate, a second electronic water pump, a heat exchange device and a water type PTC, wherein the water cooling plate is of a groove structure, the battery pack is installed inside the water cooling plate, a first water inlet end of the heat exchange device is communicated with the second pipe body through a fifth pipe body, a first water outlet end of the heat exchange device is communicated with the third pipe body through a fourth pipe body, water outlet ends of the water cooling plate are respectively connected to a second water inlet end of the heat exchange device through a seventh pipe body and connected to a water inlet end of the water type PTC through an eighth pipe body, a water inlet end of the water cooling plate is fixedly connected to a water outlet end of the second electronic water pump, a water inlet end of the second electronic water pump is respectively connected to a water outlet end of the water type PTC through a ninth pipe body and connected to a water outlet end of the heat exchange device through a.
Furthermore, the battery pack cooling and heating subsystem further comprises a three-way electromagnetic valve, the three-way electromagnetic valve is installed on the tenth pipe body, and one end of the three-way electromagnetic valve is connected to the water outlet end of the water type PTC through the ninth pipe body.
Furthermore, the battery pack cooling and heating subsystem also comprises a first expansion kettle, a water injection port is connected with the water inlet end of the second electronic water pump, a water discharge port is connected with the water inlet end of the cold plate,
furthermore, the electronic power device cooling subsystem further comprises a second expansion kettle, and two ends of the second expansion kettle are fixedly connected to a water inlet and a water outlet of the low-temperature radiator respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the pure electric vehicle thermal management system has the following advantages: the battery pack adopts a water cooling mode, is coupled with the air conditioning system through the heat exchange device, and takes the heat of the battery pack out of the vehicle through the high COP value of the air conditioning system, so that the cooling efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced; for heating the battery pack at low temperature, a water cooling mode is also adopted, the water type PTC heating mode is utilized, the battery pack is heated and cooled by a water circulation system, the battery pack and the water circulation system are switched by a switching electromagnetic valve, the flow resistance is reduced, and the arrangement space is saved; the electronic power device cooling subsystem adopts a set of independent water circulation cooling, the cooling sequence is determined according to the amount of heat productivity, the charger, the motor controller and the motor are sequentially arranged in the cooling sequence, the cooling of each component is considered, and the cooling performance is improved; the battery pack cooling and heating water circulation and the motor cooling water circulation are respectively provided with an expansion kettle, a water inlet is connected with the water inlet end of the water pump, an air outlet is connected with the water inlet end of the subsystem heat exchanger, and when the cooling liquid is filled, water can be fully injected and exhausted, so that the efficiency is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a control schematic diagram of a pure electric vehicle thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
1-a condenser; 2-an evaporator; 3-wind type PTC; 4-low temperature radiator; 5-a first electronic water pump; 6-a charger; 7-a motor controller; 8-a first motor; 9-a second expansion kettle; 10-water cooling plate; 11-a second electronic water pump; 12-a fan; 13-heat exchange means; 14-water type PTC; 15-three-way solenoid valve; 16-a thermostatic expansion valve; 17-a first temperature sensor; 18-a second temperature sensor; 19-a third temperature sensor; 20-high and low pressure sensors.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
A thermal management system of a pure electric vehicle comprises an electronic power device cooling subsystem, an air-conditioning cooling and heating subsystem and a battery pack cooling and heating subsystem, the actual working requirements of the battery pack cooling and heating subsystem, the motor cooling subsystem, the air-conditioning cooling and heating subsystem and the like and the characteristic of optimal system energy consumption are comprehensively considered, the requirements of cost, arrangement, process and the like are considered from the aspect of system architecture, and the system is simple in structure and easy to control;
the air-conditioning refrigerating and heating subsystem comprises a compressor, a condenser 1, a thermal expansion valve 16, an evaporator 2 and a wind-type PTC3, wherein the model of the compressor is E34P300, one end of the compressor is connected to the outlet end of the evaporator 2 through a first pipe, the condenser 1 and a second pipe in sequence, the model of the condenser 1 is DWN-200, the inlet end of the evaporator 2 is connected to the compressor through a third pipe, the model of the evaporator 2 is LT-9.52, a first temperature sensor 17 is arranged inside the outlet end of the evaporator 2, the thermal expansion valve 16 is arranged on the second pipe, the thermal expansion valve 16 is an air-conditioning pipeline expansion valve in the prior art, the evaporator 2 is arranged inside an air-conditioning box, a wind-type PTC3 is also arranged inside the air-conditioning box, the wind-type PTC3 is an electric heating plate with a blowing fan, one end of the battery pack cooling and heating subsystem is communicated with the third pipe through a fourth pipe, the other end of the, the low-temperature radiator 4 in the electronic power device cooling subsystem is positioned at one side of the condenser 1, the low-temperature radiator 4 and the condenser 1 are arranged in parallel, the compressor, the condenser 1, the thermal expansion valve 16, the evaporator 2, the wind type PTC3 and the first temperature sensor 17 are connected to a vehicle-mounted central controller in a signal mode, the first temperature sensor 17 is used for monitoring the temperature of the outlet end of the evaporator 2 and transmitting the temperature to the vehicle-mounted central controller, the vehicle-mounted central controller adjusts the opening degree of the thermal expansion valve 16 according to the temperature signal and improves the evaporation efficiency of the evaporator 2, the high-low pressure sensor 20 is arranged in the second pipe body and used for monitoring the pressure in the system and transmitting the signal to the controller, the external electronic fan 12 is started when the pressure of the system is too high to cool the system, so that the system operates under a normal and stable condition, the wind type PTC3 is arranged in the air conditioning box, the battery pack is used for heating the passenger compartment at low temperature, adopts a water cooling mode, is coupled with the air conditioning system through the heat exchange device, and takes the heat of the battery pack out of the vehicle through the high COP value of the air conditioning system, so that the cooling efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced; for heating the battery pack at low temperature, a water cooling mode is also adopted, the water type PTC heating mode is utilized, the battery pack is heated and cooled by a water circulation system, the battery pack and the water circulation system are switched by a switching electromagnetic valve, the flow resistance is reduced, and the arrangement space is saved.
The air-conditioning refrigeration and heating subsystem is controlled in a related way that when a driver and a passenger give an air-conditioning refrigeration requirement through a button on an instrument board, a compressor starts to work, the working gear of the compressor is determined by the refrigeration gear of the instrument board, meanwhile, an expansion valve temperature sensing probe monitors the temperature of refrigerant at the outlet of an evaporator 2 in real time, signals are transmitted to a vehicle-mounted central controller, the opening size of an expansion valve is adjusted by the vehicle-mounted central controller, the gear of a fan 12 is determined by the internal pressure of the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating subsystem, when the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating subsystem is started, the fan 12 starts to work at a low gear, when the heating high pressure of the air-conditioning refrigeration subsystem exceeds 15bar, the fan 12 runs at a high gear, when the driver and the passenger give the air-conditioning heating requirement through the button on the instrument board.
The electronic power device cooling subsystem further comprises a first electronic water pump 5, a charger 6, a motor controller 7, a first motor 8 and a low-temperature radiator 4, wherein the first electronic water pump 5, the charger 6, the motor controller 7 and the first motor 8 are connected in series between a water outlet end and a water inlet end of the low-temperature radiator 4 through a sixth pipe body, a second temperature sensor 18 is arranged inside the sixth pipe body, the second temperature sensor 18 is located at the water outlet end of the first motor 8, the charger 6, the motor controller 7 and the first motor 8 are all in the prior art, the low-temperature radiator 4 is in a type of a radiator LR0078, the first electronic water pump 5, the charger 6, the motor controller 7, the first motor 8 and the low-temperature radiator 4 are all in signal connection with a vehicle-mounted central controller, the second temperature sensor 18 is used for monitoring the temperature inside the electronic power device cooling subsystem and transmitting the signals to the vehicle-mounted central controller, and once the temperature, the vehicle-mounted central control signal starts the first electronic water pump 5 or raises the gear of the first electronic water pump 5, the fan 12 is started to participate in cooling, the electronic power device cooling subsystem adopts a set of independent water circulation cooling, the cooling sequence is determined according to the amount of heat, the cooling sequence comprises a charger, a motor controller and a motor in sequence, the cooling of each component is considered, and the cooling performance is improved.
The related control of the electronic power device cooling subsystem is as follows: when the electric automobile is powered on, the vehicle-mounted central control controls the first electronic water pump 5 to operate at a low gear, when the second temperature sensor monitors that the water temperature reaches 45 ℃, the vehicle-mounted central control controls the first electronic water pump 5 to operate at a first gear, meanwhile, the fan 12 is started, when the second temperature sensor monitors that the water temperature reaches 55 ℃, the vehicle-mounted central control controls the first electronic water pump 5 to operate at a highest gear of the rotating speed, and meanwhile, the rotating speed of the fan 12 is increased by a first gear.
One side of low temperature radiator 4 sets up fan 12, and low temperature radiator 4 is located between fan 12 and the condenser 1, and fan 12 and low temperature radiator 4 parallel arrangement each other, fan 12 signal connection to on-vehicle cavity, condenser 1 provides the cooling environment for low temperature radiator 4, and fan 12 is used for exchanging the air current, has reduced the flow resistance and has saved the arrangement space, has compromise the cooling of every part, has promoted cooling performance.
The battery pack cooling and heating subsystem comprises a battery pack, a water-cooling plate 10, a second electronic water pump 11, a heat exchange device 13 and a water type PTC14, wherein the water-cooling plate 10 is of a groove structure, cooling water is filled in the water-cooling plate 10, the battery pack is a vehicle lithium battery in the prior art, the battery pack is installed inside the water-cooling plate 10, the heat exchange device is an NB-18 plate heat exchanger, a first water inlet end of the heat exchange device 13 is communicated with a second pipe body through a fifth pipe body, a first water outlet end of the heat exchange device 13 is communicated with a third pipe body through a fourth pipe body, water outlet ends of the water-cooling plate 10 are respectively connected to a second water inlet end of the heat exchange device 13 through a seventh pipe body and connected to a water inlet end of the water type PTC14 through an eighth pipe body, a water inlet end of the water-cooling plate 10 is fixedly connected to a water outlet end of the second electronic water pump 11, the first electronic water pump 5 and the second electronic water pump 11 are both in models of P620812E02, The battery pack cooling and heating subsystem further comprises a three-way electromagnetic valve 15, the three-way electromagnetic valve 15 is mounted to the tenth pipe body, one end of the three-way electromagnetic valve 15 is connected to the water outlet end of the water type PTC14 through the ninth pipe body, the water type PTC14 is a water storage type water heater, the second electronic water pump 11, the heat exchange device 13, the water type PTC14 and the third temperature sensor 19 are all in signal connection with a vehicle-mounted central controller, the third temperature sensor 19 is used for monitoring the temperature of cooling water in the water cooling plate 10 and transmitting the signal to the vehicle-mounted central controller, when the battery pack needs to be cooled at high temperature, the vehicle-mounted central controller controls the three-way electromagnetic valve 15 to be switched to the end containing the heat exchange device 13 and the cooler, the vehicle-mounted central controller controls the second electronic water pump 11 to work, the heat exchange device 13 is used for carrying out heat exchange on the cooling water and air conditioning refrigerant, when the battery pack needs to be heated at low temperature, the vehicle-mounted central control three-way electromagnetic valve 15 is switched to one end of the water-containing PTC14 heater, the vehicle-mounted central control controls the second electronic water pump 11 to work, and the battery is heated by the water-containing PTC 14.
The related control of the battery pack cooling and heating subsystem is as follows: when the temperature of the battery pack in the water cooling plate 10 exceeds 40 ℃, the third temperature sensor 19 monitors the temperature and transmits a signal to the vehicle-mounted central control, the second electronic water pump 11 is turned on by the vehicle-mounted central control, and the heat exchange device 13 and the water cooling plate 10 are conducted through the three-way electromagnetic valve 15; when the temperature monitored by the battery pack temperature sensor in the water-cooling plate 10 is lower than 0 ℃, the second electronic water pump 11 is turned on by the vehicle-mounted central control, the water type PTC14 and the water-cooling plate 10 are conducted through the three-way electromagnetic valve 15, and the vehicle-mounted central control realizes the function switching of battery pack cooling and heating by controlling the three-way electromagnetic valve 15.
Battery package cooling and heating subsystem and electronic power device cooling subsystem set up the same first expansion kettle and the second expansion kettle of structure respectively, and first expansion kettle water filling port connects the end of intaking of second electronic water pump 11, and the end of intaking of outlet water receiving cold drawing 10, the both ends difference fixed connection of second expansion kettle 9 to the water inlet of low temperature radiator 4, delivery port, can fully water injection exhaust when the coolant liquid fills notes, lifting efficiency.
High temperature environment in summer, under the vehicle driving state:
firstly, the vehicle-mounted central control controls the first electronic water pump 5 to be started, the electronic power device cooling subsystem is started, the second temperature sensor 18 behind the first motor 8 monitors the cooling temperature of the circulating loop, when the temperature is too high, the rotating speed of the first electronic water pump 5 and the rotating speed of the fan 12 are increased, otherwise, the rotating speed of the first electronic water pump 5 and the rotating speed of the fan 12 are reduced, and the motor, the motor controller 7 and the charger 6 work in an optimal temperature range.
Secondly, the vehicle-mounted central control controls the air conditioner compressor to be opened, the second electronic water pump 11 is opened, the vehicle-mounted central control switches the three-way electromagnetic valve 15 to one way of the heat exchange device 13 through a signal transmitted by the third temperature sensor 19, the vehicle-mounted central control controls the refrigerant flow of air conditioner refrigeration through the expansion valve in front of the evaporator 2 to meet the passenger compartment refrigeration target requirement, and the heat exchange device 13 and the second electronic water pump 11 are matched to jointly achieve the battery pack cooling performance requirement.
High temperature environment in summer, under the vehicle parking charged state:
firstly, the charger 6 works, the vehicle-mounted central control controls the first electronic water pump 5 to be turned on, the second temperature sensor 18 monitors the water temperature of the circulating loop, and the rotating speed of the first electronic water pump 5 and the rotating speed of the fan 12 are adjusted in real time to meet the requirement of the working temperature of the charger 6.
Secondly, the vehicle-mounted central control controls the air conditioner compressor to be opened, the second electronic water pump 11 is opened, the vehicle-mounted central control switches the three-way electromagnetic valve 15 to one way of the heat exchange device 13 through signals transmitted by the third temperature sensor 19, and the air conditioner refrigerating and heating subsystem is utilized to provide cooling energy for the battery pack.
In winter, low-temperature environment, and in a vehicle running state:
firstly, the first electronic water pump 5 is controlled to be started by the vehicle-mounted central control, cooling water circularly flows in a loop, damage to parts caused by local overheating is avoided, meanwhile, the water temperature is monitored through the second temperature sensor 18, and the rotating speeds of the first electronic water pump 5 and the fan 12 are adjusted by the vehicle-mounted central control.
Secondly, the vehicle-mounted central control unit switches the three-way electromagnetic valve 15 to one way of the water-type PTC14 according to the temperature in the water-cooling plate 10 through a signal transmitted by the third temperature sensor 19, the vehicle-mounted central control unit controls the second electronic water pump 11 to be turned on, the water-type PTC14 is connected, and the water-type PTC14 provides heat required by heating the battery pack.
And thirdly, the vehicle-mounted central control controls the air type PTC3 in the air conditioning box to be opened, and the warm air temperature at the air outlet of the passenger compartment is controlled through a mixing air door.
In the low-temperature environment in winter, in the parking charging state of the vehicle:
firstly, the charger 6 works, the vehicle-mounted central control controls the first electronic water pump 5 to be started, cooling water circularly flows in a loop, damage to parts caused by local overheating is avoided, meanwhile, the water temperature is monitored through the second temperature sensor 18, and the rotating speed of the first water pump and the rotating speed of the fan 12 are adjusted through the vehicle-mounted central control.
Secondly, the vehicle-mounted central control unit switches the three-way electromagnetic valve 15 to one way of the water-type PTC14 according to the temperature in the water-cooling plate 10 through a signal transmitted by the third temperature sensor 19, the vehicle-mounted central control unit controls the second electronic water pump 11 to be turned on, the water-type PTC14 is connected, and the water-type PTC14 provides heat required by heating the battery pack.
Spring and autumn normal temperature environment, in a vehicle running/parking charging state:
firstly, the first electronic water pump 5 is controlled to be started by the vehicle-mounted central control, cooling water circularly flows in a loop, damage to parts caused by local overheating is avoided, meanwhile, the water temperature is monitored through the second temperature sensor 18, and the rotating speeds of the first electronic water pump 5 and the fan 12 are adjusted by the vehicle-mounted central control.
Secondly, the vehicle-mounted central control determines whether to switch to one path of the heat exchange device 13 or not through a signal transmitted by the third temperature sensor 19, when the temperature of the battery pack is detected to be high, the vehicle-mounted central control controls the second electronic water pump 11 to be turned on, meanwhile, the compressor is controlled to work, the three-way electromagnetic valve 15 is switched to the other path of the heat exchange device 13, the battery pack is provided with cooling energy through the air-conditioning refrigeration and heating subsystem, and otherwise, the compressor and the first electronic water pump 5 do not work.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. The pure electric vehicles thermal management system which characterized in that: the air-conditioning system comprises an electronic power device cooling subsystem, a battery pack cooling and heating subsystem, a compressor, a condenser (1), a thermal expansion valve (16), an evaporator (2) and an air-type PTC (3), wherein the compressor sequentially passes through a first pipe body, the condenser (1) and a second pipe body are connected to the outlet end of the evaporator (2), the inlet end of the evaporator (2) is connected to the compressor through a third pipe body, a first temperature sensor (17) is arranged inside the outlet end of the evaporator (2), the thermal expansion valve (16) is installed on the second pipe body, the evaporator (2) is installed inside an air-conditioning box, the air-type PTC (3) is further installed inside the air-conditioning box, one end of the battery pack cooling and heating subsystem is communicated with the third pipe body, the other end of the battery pack cooling and heating subsystem is communicated with the second pipe body, and a low-temperature radiator (4) in the electronic power, and the low-temperature radiator (4) and the condenser (1) are arranged in parallel, and the compressor, the condenser (1), the thermal expansion valve (16), the evaporator (2), the wind type PTC (3) and the first temperature sensor (17) are connected to a vehicle-mounted central controller in a signal mode.
2. The pure electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electronic power device cooling subsystem further comprises a first electronic water pump (5), a charger (6), a motor controller (7), a first motor (8) and a low-temperature radiator (4), the first electronic water pump (5) is connected in series between the water outlet end and the water inlet end of the low-temperature radiator (4) through a sixth pipe body, the charger (6), the motor controller (7) and the first motor (8), a second temperature sensor (18) is arranged inside the sixth pipe body, the second temperature sensor (18) is located at the water outlet end of the first motor (8), the first electronic water pump (5), the charger (6), the motor controller (7), the first motor (8) and the low-temperature radiator (4) are connected to a vehicle-mounted central control unit in a signal mode.
3. The pure electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: one side of the low-temperature radiator (4) is provided with a fan (12), the low-temperature radiator (4) is positioned between the fan (12) and the condenser (1), and the fan (12) and the low-temperature radiator (4) are arranged in parallel.
4. The pure electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the battery pack cooling and heating subsystem comprises a battery pack, a water cooling plate (10), a second electronic water pump (11), a heat exchange device (13) and a water type PTC (14), wherein the water cooling plate (10) is of a groove structure, the battery pack is installed inside the water cooling plate (10), a first water inlet end of the heat exchange device (13) is communicated with a second pipe body through a fifth pipe body, a first water outlet end of the heat exchange device (13) is communicated with a third pipe body through a fourth pipe body, water outlet ends of the water cooling plate (10) are respectively connected to a second water inlet end of the heat exchange device (13) through a seventh pipe body and connected to a water inlet end of the water type PTC (14) through an eighth pipe body, a water inlet end of the water cooling plate (10) is fixedly connected to a water outlet end of the second electronic water pump (11), a water inlet end of the second electronic water pump (11) is respectively connected to a water outlet end of the water type PTC (14) through a ninth pipe body and connected to a water outlet end of the, a third temperature sensor (19) is installed in the water cooling plate (10), and the second electronic water pump (11), the heat exchange device (13), the water type PTC (14) and the third temperature sensor (19) are connected to the vehicle-mounted central control through signals.
5. The pure electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the battery pack cooling and heating subsystem further comprises a three-way electromagnetic valve (15), the three-way electromagnetic valve (15) is installed on the tenth pipe body, and one end of the three-way electromagnetic valve (15) is connected to the water outlet end of the water type PTC (14) through the ninth pipe body.
6. The pure electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the battery pack cooling and heating subsystem further comprises a first expansion kettle, a water injection port is connected with the water inlet end of the second electronic water pump (11), and a water outlet is connected with the water inlet end of the water cooling plate (10).
7. The pure electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the electronic power device cooling subsystem further comprises a second expansion kettle (9), and two ends of the second expansion kettle (9) are fixedly connected to a water inlet and a water outlet of the low-temperature radiator (4) respectively.
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| CN202110427974.8A CN112977000A (en) | 2021-04-21 | 2021-04-21 | Thermal management system of pure electric vehicle |
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