CN112976945A - 充气轮胎 - Google Patents

充气轮胎 Download PDF

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CN112976945A
CN112976945A CN202011499479.XA CN202011499479A CN112976945A CN 112976945 A CN112976945 A CN 112976945A CN 202011499479 A CN202011499479 A CN 202011499479A CN 112976945 A CN112976945 A CN 112976945A
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belt
working
pneumatic tire
tire
working belt
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M·N·科孔
E·P·斯帕卡皮特拉
A·P·马诺加兰
D·文金
R·W·克里耶
P·J·A·马勒
P·J·C·毛斯
V·纳维尔
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Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/18Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
    • B60C9/20Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/18Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/18Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
    • B60C9/20Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel
    • B60C9/2003Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel characterised by the materials of the belt cords
    • B60C9/2006Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel characterised by the materials of the belt cords consisting of steel cord plies only
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/18Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
    • B60C9/20Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel
    • B60C9/22Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel the plies being arranged with all cords disposed along the circumference of the tyre
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/18Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
    • B60C9/20Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel
    • B60C2009/2012Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel with particular configuration of the belt cords in the respective belt layers
    • B60C2009/2016Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel with particular configuration of the belt cords in the respective belt layers comprising cords at an angle of 10 to 30 degrees to the circumferential direction
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/18Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
    • B60C9/20Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel
    • B60C2009/2012Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel with particular configuration of the belt cords in the respective belt layers
    • B60C2009/2019Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel with particular configuration of the belt cords in the respective belt layers comprising cords at an angle of 30 to 60 degrees to the circumferential direction
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/18Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
    • B60C9/20Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel
    • B60C2009/2035Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel built-up by narrow strips
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/18Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
    • B60C9/20Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel
    • B60C2009/2074Physical properties or dimension of the belt cord
    • B60C2009/2093Elongation of the reinforcements at break point
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C2200/00Tyres specially adapted for particular applications
    • B60C2200/02Tyres specially adapted for particular applications for aircrafts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C2200/00Tyres specially adapted for particular applications
    • B60C2200/06Tyres specially adapted for particular applications for heavy duty vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/18Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
    • B60C9/20Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel
    • B60C9/2003Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel characterised by the materials of the belt cords
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/18Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
    • B60C9/28Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers characterised by the belt or breaker dimensions or curvature relative to carcass

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)

Abstract

描述了充气轮胎,该充气轮胎包括胎面、胎体以及插置在胎体和胎面之间的带束层结构。带束层结构包括第一和第二工作带束层,其中工作带束层的角度的范围为从约12度至约35度,其中带束层结构还包括位于工作带束层径向内侧的低角度带束层。第一工作带束层是径向最内的工作带束层并且是最宽的带束层。第二工作带束层是径向最外的带束层。充气轮胎可还包括可选的第二低角度带束层,该第二低角度带束层位于第一低角度带束层和第一工作带束层之间。

Description

充气轮胎
技术领域
本发明涉及具有胎体和带束层加强结构的充气轮胎,并且更具体地涉及用于在飞机、卡车及其他高载荷应用中使用的子午线轮胎。
背景技术
商用卡车市场正朝着总体车辆重量增加的方向发展,这部分是由于在马达和设备重量上的增加。总体车辆重量的增加要求能够承受额外载荷的轮胎。因此,具有改进的胎冠耐久性和增加的载荷承载能力的轮胎是期望的。
发明内容
在第一方面中,本发明提供了充气轮胎,该充气轮胎包括胎面、胎体以及插置在胎体和胎面之间的带束层结构。带束层结构包括第一和第二工作带束层,该第一和第二工作带束层是径向最外的带束层。低角度带束层定位在第一和第二工作带束层的径向内侧,并且其中低角度带束层具有的角度小于10度。第一和第二工作带束层是最宽的带束层,并且由可伸长的加强物形成。
本发明还提供了以下技术方案:
1. 充气轮胎,包括胎面、胎体以及插置在所述胎体和所述胎面之间的带束层结构,其中所述带束层结构包括第一工作带束层和第二工作带束层,其中所述第二工作带束层位于所述第一工作带束层的径向外侧,其中低角度带束层定位在所述第一工作带束层的径向内侧,并且其中所述低角度带束层具有小于10度的角度。
2. 根据技术方案1所述的充气轮胎,其中所述第一工作带束层和所述第二工作带束层的角度的范围为从约12度至约35度。
3. 根据技术方案1所述的充气轮胎,其中所述第一工作带束层具有的宽度约等于所述胎面弧宽。
4. 根据技术方案1所述的充气轮胎,其中所述第二工作带束层具有的宽度小于所述第一工作带束层。
5. 根据技术方案1所述的充气轮胎,其中所述第一工作带束层是由可伸长的加强物形成的。
6. 根据技术方案1所述的充气轮胎,其中所述第二工作带束层是由可伸长的加强物形成的。
7. 根据技术方案1所述的充气轮胎,还包括第三工作带束层。
8. 根据技术方案1所述的充气轮胎,其中所述第三工作带束层是径向最外的带束层。
9. 根据技术方案1所述的充气轮胎,其中所述第三工作带束层是由可伸长的加强物形成的。
10. 根据技术方案1所述的充气轮胎,其中所述第一横向带束层和所述第二横向带束层与所述低角度带束层一体地形成。
11. 根据技术方案1所述的充气轮胎,其中所述第一横向带束层的宽度在所述胎面弧宽的10%至50%的范围内。
12. 根据技术方案1所述的充气轮胎,其中所述第一横向带束层的宽度在所述胎面弧宽的10%至30%的范围内。
13. 根据技术方案1所述的充气轮胎,其中所述第二横向带束层的宽度在所述胎面弧宽的10%至50%的范围内。
14. 根据技术方案1所述的充气轮胎,其中所述第二横向带束层的宽度在所述胎面弧宽的10%至30%的范围内。
附图说明
将以示例的方式并参考附图描述本发明,其中:
图1图示了通过本发明的示例性子午线轮胎10的轮胎中平面的局部截面;
图2图示了轮胎带束层包的第一实施例的截面图;
图3图示了轮胎带束层包的第二实施例的截面图;
图4图示了轮胎带束层包的第三实施例的截面图;
图5图示了在轮胎成型鼓上示出的带束敷层的第一实施例的从示出的鼓的0至360度的俯视图;以及
图6图示了在轮胎成型鼓上示出的带束敷层的第二实施例的从示出的鼓的0至360度的俯视图。
具体实施方式
定义
“三角胶芯(Apex)”表示定位在胎圈芯径向上方的非加强的弹性体。
轮胎的“高宽比(aspect ratio)”表示轮胎的断面高度(SH)与其断面宽度(SW)的比乘以100%以便以百分数表示。
“轴向的(axial)”和“轴向地(axially)”表示平行于轮胎的旋转轴线的线或方向。
“胎圈(bead)”表示轮胎的包括环形抗拉构件的部分,其由帘布层帘线包绕并且成形,带有或不带其它加强元件,诸如胎圈芯包布、胎跟加强层、三角胶芯、护趾胶(toeguard)和胎圈包布,以配合设计轮辋。
“斜交帘布轮胎(bias ply tire)”表示具有在胎体帘布层中带有加强帘线的胎体的轮胎,该加强帘线以相对于轮胎的赤道面约25-65度的角度从胎圈芯至胎圈芯跨轮胎斜对角地延伸。帘线在交替的层中以相反的角度延伸。
“胎体(carcass)”表示除带束层结构、胎面、底胎面以及在帘布层上的侧壁橡胶之外的轮胎结构,但是包括胎圈。
“周向(circumferential)”表示垂直于轴向方向的沿环形胎面的表面的周长延伸的线或方向。
“胎圈包布(chafer)”是指绕胎圈的外侧设置的窄的材料的条,以相对于轮辋保护帘线帘布层、在轮辋上方分配挠曲、并且密封轮胎。
“胎跟加强层(chipper)”表示位于轮胎的胎圈部分中的加强结构。
“帘线(cord)”表示在轮胎中组成帘布层的加强线束之一。
“可伸长(extensible)”表示当测量自从固化轮胎提取的帘线时,缆线具有在断裂载荷的10%时大于0.2%的相对断裂伸长率。
“赤道面(EP)”表示垂直于轮胎的旋转轴线并且穿过其胎面中心的平面。
“胎圈芯包布(flipper)”表示绕胎圈芯和三角胶芯包绕的加强的织物。
“印迹(footprint)”表示轮胎胎面在零速度并在标准载荷和压力下与平坦表面的接触印痕或接触面积。
“内衬层(inner liner)表示弹性体或其它材料的层或多层,其形成无内胎轮胎的内侧表面并且包含轮胎内的充气流体。
“净毛比(net-to-gross ratio)”表示与路表面发生接触并在印记中的轮胎胎面橡胶除以在该印记中的包括诸如花纹沟的非接触部分的胎面面积的比。
“子午线轮胎(radial-ply tire)”表示带束或周向地限制的充气轮胎,其中从胎圈延伸至胎圈的帘布层帘线以相对于轮胎的赤道面在65-90度之间的帘线角布置。
“断面高度(SH)”表示在轮胎赤道面上从名义轮辋直径到轮胎的外直径的径向距离。
“缠绕(winding)”表示在绕轮胎成型鼓、轮胎或胎芯的条的第一旋转中形成的条的图案。
图1-2图示了示例性子午线轮胎10的局部截面,该子午线轮胎10包括,具有嵌入在其中的胎圈芯20的胎圈部分23,从胎圈部分23径向向外延伸的侧壁部分16,以及在侧壁部分16的径向外端之间延伸的圆柱状胎面部分25。胎面25可包括多个肋31、32和胎肩横沟33,可选地带有位于肋之间的花纹沟34、35、36。轮胎10包括内衬层14,并且由一个或多个胎体帘布层18加强,该胎体帘布层18从一个胎圈部分23到另一胎圈部分(未示出)环形地延伸。优选地,胎体帘布层18锚固至胎圈芯,并且例如可绕每个胎圈芯20从轮胎10的内侧离开赤道面EP地缠绕以形成反包部分19。带束层加强包(belt reinforcement package)40布置在胎体帘布层18和胎面部分25之间。
根据本发明的示例性实施例,带束层加强包40包括第一和第二工作带束层41、45。优选地,第一工作带束层41是两个工作带束层的径向最内的带束层,并且是带束层加强包40中最宽的带束层。优选地,第一工作带束层41具有的带束层宽度基本等于胎面弧宽。第一工作带束层41的缓冲层角度在约12至45度之间,优选地具有左定向,更优选地在约19至约30度的范围内。带束层角度是相对于周向方向测量的。
第二工作带束层45位于第一工作带束层的径向外侧,并且是带束层包的径向最外的带束层。优选地,第二工作带束层45具有的宽度在胎面弧宽的70%至90%的范围内。第二工作带束层45具有在约12至45度之间的缓冲层角度,优选地具有右定向,更优选地在约19至约30度的范围内。第二工作带束层45优选地由与带束层41相同的线制成,并且具有与41的构造相同的构造但是角度定向相反。
第一和第二工作带束层41、45优选地由钢制成。第一和第二工作带束层41、45的在断裂载荷的10%时的伸长百分比范围可从约0.18至约0.26。优选地,工作带束层41、45由可伸长的加强物形成,使得该加强物在断裂载荷的10%时具有的伸长百分比大于0.2。伸长百分比是在提取自固化轮胎的帘线上测量的。
如在图3中示出的,带束层包40可额外地包括单个低角度带束层43,优选地,该低角度带束层43螺旋地缠绕并且其具有的带束层角度小于10度,并且更优选地小于5度。低角度带束层43优选地位于第一和第二工作带束层41、45二者的径向内侧。优选地,低角度带束层43在轴向宽度上比第一工作带束层41和第二工作带束层45窄。优选地,低角度带束层43是最窄的带束层。优选地,低角度带束层43形成自一个或多个帘线的加强条,其中条的宽度在3至20mm的范围内,并且更优选地在3至8mm的范围内。低角度带束层结构39可通过使用任何下面进一步描述的图案形成。如在图1-2中示出的,带束层包40可包括可选的第二低角度带束层47,其中第二低角度带束层47定位在第一工作带束层41和第一低角度带束层43之间。优选地,第二低角度带束层47具有的宽度比第一工作带束层41和第一低角度带束层43窄。
在图5中示出了用于低角度带束层43的带束层敷层的第一实施例。图5图示了在轮胎成型鼓上从0至360度的带束层形成,为了图示目的该轮胎成型鼓示出为平坦的。该图案将一个或多个平行帘线的涂胶条螺旋地缠绕在轮胎成型鼓或形成机上。优选地,条使用至少三个平行加强帘线,并且优选地具有的条宽度为3至30mm,并且更特别地为5至7mm。通过在轮胎成型鼓的第一鼓端或左肩部处以相对于周向方向成零度角地开始条而形成低角度带束层,其中在鼓旋转360度之后,条横向地移动一个条宽度。然后,随着鼓的旋转,条在鼓上缠绕至鼓的相对肩部或相对侧。条可缠绕为带有在缠绕之间的间隙或是交叠的。条可以形成单层或双层的方式缠绕,该单层或双层形成低角度带束层。图4图示了使用STS图案形成的低角度带束层50的双层,其中条随着其在轮胎成型鼓上缠绕而交叠。
低角度带束层43构造的第二实施例在图6中示出。图6图示了在轮胎成型鼓上从0至360度的带束层形成,为了图示目的该轮胎成型鼓示出为平坦的。在鼓的中心线处开始,加强帘线的条包绕到成型鼓上以第一角度至鼓的右肩部,其中该第一角度相对于周向方向小于10度。然后条从鼓的第一肩部到第二肩部以第二角度缠绕,其中该第二角度为负并且相对于周向方向小于10度,并且然后回到中心。因此,条从一个肩部到另一肩部以“之”字形方式缠绕,其中条的角度小于10度。正间隙或间隔可设置在条的连续邻近部段之间,作用类似于分隔件。
优选地,低角度带束层43的带束层宽度在胎面弧宽的约70%至约80%的范围内,并且甚至更优选地在73-77%的范围内。低角度带束层43可是钢,并且可由高伸长率加强物或可伸长加强物形成。加强物可是高伸长率构造,诸如,例如3x7x0.22 HE,并且具有约14的EPI。对于裸/生帘线,高伸长率的线可具有在断裂载荷的10%时范围从约1.7-2.05%的伸长百分比。对于取自固化轮胎的,高伸长率的线可具有在断裂载荷的10%时范围从约0.45-0.68%的伸长百分比。适用于本发明的帘线构造的另一示例由具有4x7x0.26 HE构造的钢制成,其中EPI为18。
以上描述的轮胎的高宽比可变化。高宽比优选在约50至约90的范围内。轮胎具有的净毛比可在约70至约90的范围内,更优选地在约74至约86的范围内,更优选地为约78至84。
鉴于本文提供的对本发明的描述,本发明中的变型是可能的。尽管为了说明本发明的目的而示出了某些代表性的实施例和细节,但对本领域的技术人员来说显而易见的是,在不背离本发明的范围的情况下,能够在其中做出多种变化和变型。因此,应理解的是,能够在所描述的特定实施例中做出变化,其将落入如后面所附权利要求书限定出的本发明的完整预期范围内。

Claims (10)

1.充气轮胎,包括胎面、胎体以及插置在所述胎体和所述胎面之间的带束层结构,其中所述带束层结构包括第一工作带束层和第二工作带束层,其中所述第二工作带束层位于所述第一工作带束层的径向外侧,其中低角度带束层定位在所述第一工作带束层的径向内侧,并且其中所述低角度带束层具有小于10度的角度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的充气轮胎,其中所述第一工作带束层和所述第二工作带束层的角度的范围为从约12度至约35度。
3.根据权利要求1所述的充气轮胎,其中所述第一工作带束层具有的宽度约等于所述胎面弧宽。
4.根据权利要求1所述的充气轮胎,其中所述第二工作带束层具有的宽度小于所述第一工作带束层。
5.根据权利要求1所述的充气轮胎,其中所述第一工作带束层是由可伸长的加强物形成的。
6.根据权利要求1所述的充气轮胎,其中所述第二工作带束层是由可伸长的加强物形成的。
7.根据权利要求1所述的充气轮胎,还包括第三工作带束层。
8.根据权利要求1所述的充气轮胎,其中所述第三工作带束层是径向最外的带束层。
9.根据权利要求1所述的充气轮胎,其中所述第三工作带束层是由可伸长的加强物形成的。
10.根据权利要求1所述的充气轮胎,其中所述第一横向带束层和所述第二横向带束层与所述低角度带束层一体地形成。
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