CN112972089B

CN112972089B - Adjustable structure of orthopedic helmet

Info

Publication number: CN112972089B
Application number: CN202110267348.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭俊超; 王振泽; 樊瑜波
Original assignee: National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids
Current assignee: National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids
Priority date: 2021-03-12
Filing date: 2021-03-12
Publication date: 2022-11-22
Anticipated expiration: 2041-03-12
Also published as: CN112972089A

Abstract

The invention discloses an adjustable structure of an orthopedic helmet, which is arranged at the opening and closing part of the orthopedic helmet, wherein the opening and closing part of the orthopedic helmet is partially overlapped and comprises a ratchet belt and a ratchet buckle matched with the ratchet belt, the ratchet belt comprises an arc-shaped bottom plate and ratchets, the inner wall of the bottom plate is attached to the outer wall surface of the orthopedic helmet, the bottom plate comprises a fixing plate and a ratchet plate, the fixing plate is fixed at the rear half part of the opening and closing part of the orthopedic helmet, the ratchet plate is provided with triangular ratchets, and the tooth pitch of the ratchets is 0.5-3mm; the ratchet buckle comprises two fixing plates fixed on the front half part of the orthopedic helmet, an inverted U-shaped mounting plate is connected between the two fixing plates, a through hole is formed between the mounting plate and the orthopedic helmet, the free end of a ratchet belt penetrates through the through hole, a base is mounted on the top plate of the mounting plate, the base is connected with a pawl inclining towards the direction of the ratchet belt, the elastic deformation amount of the pawl is 50% -60% of the height of three ratchets, and the pawl comprises a blocking tooth valve and a blocking tooth head connected with the free end of the blocking tooth valve and inserted between two adjacent triangular ratchets.

Description

Adjustable structure of orthopedic helmet

Technical Field

The invention relates to an adjustable structure of an orthopedic helmet, which is mainly used for realizing accurate adjustment of a head circumference of an infant with a deformed head in the process of increasing the head circumference.

Background

The orthopedic helmet is mainly applied to infants with cranial deformity, and the cranial deformity is developed between 3 months and 18 months after birth of the infants due to different degrees of abnormities of the front and back positions or the lateral positions of the skull of the infants, dislocation or limitation during growth and development of a brain structure, influence development of multiple regions of the brain, even influence development of nerves and other problems. Literature research finds that the cranial deformity can also influence the development and functions of muscles of oral, maxillofacial, otorhinolaryngological, and head and neck of the children. The incidence rate of skull malformation of infants at 7 weeks after birth is 22%, and 21% at 2 years old. Evidence of adult cranial dysplasia indicates that periosteum is depressed and unilateral hearing is significantly weaker than the other. Therefore, the orthopedic helmet has important significance not only on the skull shape of the patient but also on the later physical health in early skull orthopedic intervention of infants.

At present, the skull deformity can be roughly divided into four types according to the shape: 1. the oblique head is called as a deviated head, is divided into a front oblique head and a rear oblique head, and occurs on one side of the head, so that the left and right of the head are asymmetric when the infant frequently sleeps on one side; 2. the flat head is called as a short head, which often happens to the infant in the excessive supine position sleeping posture, so that the headrest part becomes flat, and the characteristics of flat back pillow part and short front and back length are formed; 3. the flat oblique head is the mixed type malformation characteristic of the flat head and the oblique head; 4. the long head, also called scaphoid head, occurs on the left and right sides of the skull, so that the head shape is characterized by a long front and back and a narrow left and right. The above 4 cranial deformities have commonality and consistency,

aiming at the problem of skull deformity of infants, at present, there are about two orthopedic products at home and abroad: the first is a pillow with a special shape, which is used for sleeping infants and lying on the pillow, but the shape correcting method completely depends on the shape of the pillow, and the shape correcting method belongs to a passive type and cannot avoid the sleeping posture of the infants; the second type is an orthopedic helmet provided by professional institutions, mainly aims at children with problems in head types of infants of 4-15 months old, belongs to intervention treatment of growth and development, and is widely applied.

The structure of the traditional orthopedic helmet is that magic tape or lock catch is adjusted on the single side of the temporal bone, the adjustment is completely carried out by depending on personal experience, and quantitative standards are lacked. Firstly, at the opening and closing position of the helmet, the helmet shell is connected with the fixing plate through the matching of the nut and the screw rod on the fixing plate, so that the problem that the nut and the screw rod are in a spiral structure, the helmet can be adjusted greatly and slightly, and the phenomenon of nut thread loosening can occur after a long time, which certainly influences the head shape correction is avoided; secondly, at helmet opening and shutting department, seted up the slit on the helmet body, adjust through the width that sets up on the slit, if its slit structure is too little, its structural strength is not enough far away, has avoided structural damage in the use, and secondly, the size of adjusting is totally by the feed amount control of slit, has not realized accurate adjustment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an adjustable structure of an orthopedic helmet, which can realize accurate and controllable head circumference adjustment according to the growth speed and size of the head of an infant.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an adjustable structure of an orthopedic helmet is arranged at a folding position of the orthopedic helmet, the folding position of the orthopedic helmet is partially overlapped and comprises a ratchet belt and a ratchet buckle matched with the ratchet belt, the ratchet belt comprises an arc-shaped bottom plate and ratchets, the inner wall of the arc-shaped bottom plate is attached to the outer wall surface of the orthopedic helmet, the arc-shaped bottom plate comprises a fixing plate and a ratchet plate, the fixing plate is fixed at the rear part of the folding position of the orthopedic helmet, uniformly-spaced triangular ratchets are arranged on the outer wall surface of the ratchet plate, the front limiting surface of each triangular ratchet is inclined relative to the free end direction of the arc-shaped bottom plate by no more than 90 degrees, the rear guide surface of each triangular ratchet is inclined relative to the free end direction of the bottom plate by 30-60 degrees, and the tooth pitch of each triangular ratchet is 0.5-3mm; the ratchet buckle comprises two fixing plates fixed at the front part of the orthopedic helmet, an inverted U-shaped mounting plate is connected between the two fixing plates, a through hole is formed between the mounting plate and the orthopedic helmet, the free end of the ratchet belt penetrates through the through hole, a base is installed on the inner wall of a top plate of the mounting plate, a pawl which inclines towards the direction of the ratchet belt is connected to the front side wall of the base, the pawl is made of elastic materials and has the elastic deformation amount of 50% -60% of the height of the triangular ratchet teeth, the pawl comprises a blocking tooth valve and a blocking tooth head connected with the free end of the blocking tooth valve, the blocking tooth head is inserted and clamped between two adjacent triangular ratchet teeth, the tooth tops of the triangular ratchet teeth abut against the socket wall between the blocking tooth valve and the blocking tooth head so that the ratchet belt is clamped and limited, an inverted arc surface is arranged between the inner side wall and the front side wall of the blocking tooth head, and when the ratchet belt is pulled under the action of external force to adjust the size, the inverted arc surface and the guide surface move along the direction of the rear guide surface of the ratchet belt away from the ratchet belt so as to achieve the required adjustment size.

Preferably, the pitch of the triangular ratchet teeth is 0.5mm.

Preferably, the rear limiting surface of the triangular ratchet is inclined at an angle of 60-90 degrees relative to the direction of the free end of the bottom plate.

Preferably, the pawl is polyurethane.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the adjusting structure can realize accurate adjustment of helmet head circumference amplification, the accuracy of each tooth can be accurate to 0.5mm, and the feeding amount of each tooth can be adjusted to any size of 0.5-3mm when the size is adjusted every time. For example, the head circumference of an infant of 4-6 months is increased quickly, and adjustment of a large feed amount can be realized, for example, the feed amount of each tooth can be 1.0 mm; the infant's head circumference of 8-12 months of age grows slower than the previous months, allowing adjustments of smaller feed amounts, e.g. 0.5mm, each adjustment being adjustable by multiples of 0.5mm. According to the size of the skull of the infant patient and the growth speed of the skull of the infant, the size of each tooth is determined, accurate control can be achieved, and the method is safe and reliable.

Drawings

In order to more clearly explain the embodiments of the present invention, the embodiments will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an orthopedic wearer wearing an orthopedic helmet.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the ratchet of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a left side view of the structure of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a structure of a spinal band.

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a ratchet belt and a ratchet wheel in a locking state.

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the ratchet belt and the ratchet wheel changing from the locking state to the unlocking state.

Detailed Description

The following description is given by way of example only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the orthopedic helmet with adjustable two sides of the present invention has a partial overlap 11 at the opening and closing position of the orthopedic helmet 1, and an adjusting structure is installed at the corresponding overlap position, the adjusting structure connects the opening and closing position, and the adjusting structure comprises a ratchet belt 21 and a ratchet buckle 22 matched with the ratchet belt 21.

The ratchet belt 21 comprises an arc-shaped bottom plate 211 and triangular ratchet teeth 212, the inner wall of the arc-shaped bottom plate 211 is matched with the outer wall surface of the orthopedic helmet, the arc-shaped bottom plate 211 comprises a fixing plate 2111 and a ratchet plate 2112, the fixing plate 2111 is fixed on the rear part 12 of the opening and closing part of the orthopedic helmet through rivets, the outer wall surface of the ratchet plate 2112 is provided with the triangular ratchet teeth 212 at uniform intervals, the front limiting surface 2121 of the triangular ratchet teeth 212 is inclined at an angle of not more than 90 degrees relative to the direction of the free end of the arc-shaped bottom plate, and preferably, the angle is 60 degrees to 90 degrees; the rear guide surface 2122 of the triangular ratchet 212 is inclined at an angle of 30 to 60 degrees with respect to the free end of the base plate 211, and the pitch of the triangular ratchet 212 is 0.5 to 2.5mm, preferably 1mm. The material of the thorn belt is nylon material or plastic with toughness which has supporting function, can fully support the force at the opening of the helmet, and ensures the increase of the circumference of the helmet head. By stretching the ratchet strap to the rear side, precise enlargement and locking of the helmet structure is achieved.

The ratchet buckle 22 comprises two fixing plates 221 fixed at the front part of the opening and closing part of the orthopedic helmet by rivets, an inverted U-shaped mounting plate 222 is connected between the two fixing plates, a through hole is formed between the mounting plate 222 and the orthopedic helmet, the free end of the ratchet belt 21 passes through the through hole, a base 223 is installed on the inner wall of the top plate of the mounting plate 222, a pawl 224 inclined towards the direction of the ratchet belt is connected to the front side wall of the base 223, the pawl is in an integral type 'sickle shape', the probability of stress damage is reduced, the pawl 224 is made of elastic material, preferably polyurethane, if the elastic range is too large, the pawl cannot catch the ratchet belt, the elastic range is too small, the ratchet belt is easy to break when being pulled, the elastic deformation amount is preferably 50% -60% higher than that of the triangular teeth 212, and the ratchet belt can be pulled and clamped, the pawl 224 comprises a gear stop valve 2241 and a gear stop head 2242 connected with the inner side wall of the free end of the gear stop valve, the gear stop head 2242 is inserted between two adjacent triangular ratchet teeth 212, the tooth tops of the triangular ratchet teeth 212 abut against the socket wall between the gear stop valve and the gear stop head, so that the ratchet belt is clamped and limited under the action of insufficient external force, the ratchet belt 21 can only move backwards in a one-way mode, a reverse arc surface 224A is arranged between the inner side wall and the front side wall of the gear stop head 2242, when the ratchet belt is pulled under the action of the sufficient external force to adjust the size, the reverse arc surface 224A is in line contact with the rear guide surface, slides to the next ratchet tooth along the direction of the rear guide surface of the ratchet belt far away from the ratchet teeth to achieve the required size adjustment, and when the tooth pitch is adjusted, the gear stop head is clamped between the teeth to achieve the limiting.

The feed amount of the ratchet of the invention can be accurate to 0.5mm, so that the deformity skull correction is more accurate.

After the patient wears the helmet, the head circumference of the patient is correspondingly increased, so that the size of the helmet needs to be adjusted again when the patient wears the orthopedic helmet for about one week. The position of the ratchet buckle and the ratchet belt is matched to realize the accurate adjustment of the helmet structure.

Claims

1. An adjustable structure of an orthopedic helmet is characterized in that the adjustable structure is arranged at the opening and closing part of the orthopedic helmet, the opening and closing part of the orthopedic helmet is partially overlapped and comprises a ratchet belt and a ratchet buckle matched with the ratchet belt, the ratchet belt comprises an arc-shaped bottom plate and ratchets, the inner wall of the arc-shaped bottom plate is matched with the outer wall surface of the orthopedic helmet in a fitting manner, the arc-shaped bottom plate comprises a fixing plate and a ratchet plate, the fixing plate is fixed at the rear part of the opening and closing part of the orthopedic helmet, triangular ratchets are uniformly spaced on the outer wall surface of the ratchet plate, the front limiting surfaces of the triangular ratchets are inclined relative to the direction of the free end of the arc-shaped bottom plate by no more than 90 degrees, the rear guiding surfaces of the triangular ratchets are inclined relative to the direction of the free end of the bottom plate by 30 degrees to 60 degrees, and the tooth pitch of the triangular ratchets is 0.5-3mm; the ratchet buckle comprises two fixing plates fixed at the front part of an orthopedic helmet, an inverted U-shaped mounting plate is connected between the two fixing plates, a through hole is formed between the mounting plate and the orthopedic helmet, the free end of a ratchet belt penetrates through the through hole, a base is installed on the inner wall of a top plate of the mounting plate, a pawl which inclines towards the ratchet belt is connected to the front side wall of the base, the pawl is made of elastic materials, the elastic deformation amount of the pawl is 50% -60% of the height of a triangular ratchet, the pawl comprises a blocking tooth valve and a blocking tooth head connected with the free end of the blocking tooth valve, the blocking tooth head is inserted and clamped between two adjacent triangular ratchet teeth, the tooth crest of each triangular ratchet tooth abuts against the socket wall between the blocking tooth valve and the blocking tooth head so that the ratchet belt is clamped and limited, an inverted arc surface is arranged between the inner side wall and the front side wall of the blocking tooth head, and the inverted arc surface are in line contact with the rear guide surface and move along the direction of the rear guide surface far away from the ratchet teeth when the ratchet belt is pulled to adjust the size under the action of external force, so that the required adjustment size is achieved.

2. The adjustable structure of an orthopedic helmet of claim 1 wherein the pitch of the triangular ratchet teeth is 0.5mm.

3. The adjustable structure of an orthopedic helmet according to claim 1, wherein the rear limiting surface of the triangular ratchet is inclined at an angle of 60 degrees to 90 degrees with respect to the direction of the free end of the base plate.

4. The adjustable structure of an orthopedic helmet of claim 1 wherein the pawl is polyurethane.