CN112972078A - Mechanical property optimized implanted artificial limb - Google Patents

Mechanical property optimized implanted artificial limb Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112972078A
CN112972078A CN202110162188.XA CN202110162188A CN112972078A CN 112972078 A CN112972078 A CN 112972078A CN 202110162188 A CN202110162188 A CN 202110162188A CN 112972078 A CN112972078 A CN 112972078A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
bone
intramedullary implant
residual
wall
percutaneous
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Granted
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CN202110162188.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112972078B (en
Inventor
李钰
郇勇
王君
张昊旻
刘岩
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Institute of Mechanics of CAS
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Institute of Mechanics of CAS
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Publication of CN112972078A publication Critical patent/CN112972078A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
    • A61F2/60—Artificial legs or feet or parts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
    • A61F2/68—Operating or control means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
    • A61F2/78—Means for protecting prostheses or for attaching them to the body, e.g. bandages, harnesses, straps, or stockings for the limb stump
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
    • A61F2/68—Operating or control means
    • A61F2002/6872—Operating or control means attached and mechanically operated by remaining muscle
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
    • A61F2/78—Means for protecting prostheses or for attaching them to the body, e.g. bandages, harnesses, straps, or stockings for the limb stump
    • A61F2002/7887—Means for protecting prostheses or for attaching them to the body, e.g. bandages, harnesses, straps, or stockings for the limb stump for connecting limb exoprostheses to the stump bone

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses an implantable prosthesis with optimized mechanical property, which comprises an intramedullary implant body and a bone cavity, wherein the intramedullary implant body is used for implanting into a bone cavity from the tail end of a residual bone; an external prosthesis; a percutaneous connecting rod for percutaneous connection of the intramedullary implant with the external prosthesis; wrap bone load-carrying structure, including being used for enclosing the annular enclosure wall that closes the terminal at least partial lateral surface of residual bone, conflict residual bone terminal surface's central platform, and be used for adjusting the enclosure that the annular enclosure wall formed close the chamber diameter with the moment adjustment mechanism of distance between central platform and the residual bone terminal surface. The invention bears the end face of the residual limb bone through the bone wrapping bearing structure, optimizes the stress at the fracture of the residual bone, effectively improves the stress distribution condition of the coupling structure of the intramedullary implant and the residual limb bone, effectively reduces stress shielding, enhances the integral bending resistance, is closer to the mechanical transmission mechanism of normal human skeleton, and greatly reduces the failure risk.

Description

Mechanical property optimized implanted artificial limb
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the crossing field of mechanics and orthopedic medicine, in particular to an implanted artificial limb with optimized mechanical property.
Background
The artificial limb is specially designed and manufactured and assembled to make up for the defect of amputee or incomplete limb by means of engineering technology. Prostheses can be largely classified into decorative prostheses and functional prostheses according to their use characteristics. The decorative artificial limb mainly has the function of perfecting the body, the appearance of the artificial limb is beautiful, and the functional artificial limb also requires strong mechanical property besides the beauty so as to replace the functions of the normal limbs of the human body, such as the motion functions of standing, walking and the like.
The most commonly used functional artificial limb in clinic at present is a sleeve type artificial limb, and the using method is to wrap the receiving cavity of the artificial limb on the soft tissue of the stump of a patient, and when the patient stands or walks, force is transferred by the soft tissue at the stump of the patient. Although the sleeve type artificial limb is simple to install, the characteristics of force transmission of soft tissues of the sleeve type artificial limb do not accord with the biomechanics of a human body, so that the problems of abrasion, sore generation and the like of the residual limb of a patient in the using process are caused, and the comfort level is greatly reduced. The new embedded type osseointegrated artificial limb is a great progress of the artificial limb assembly technology, and solves the defects of unreasonable biomechanics and force transmission of the traditional sleeve type artificial limb through an accepting cavity and soft tissues. The implantable osseointegrated prosthesis in the market at present mainly comprises a bone cavity implant implanted in a bone cavity, a middle implant implanted percutaneously and an external prosthesis connected with the middle implant, and a patient mainly relies on the joint surface of the bone cavity implant after osseointegrated and the inner wall of the bone cavity to transfer force when standing or walking. Although the implanted artificial limb overcomes the defect that the traditional receiving cavity type artificial limb transmits force through soft tissues, on one hand, the force is transmitted through a joint surface between the intramedullary implant and the inner wall of a bone cavity, the intramedullary implant can generate stress shielding effect on surrounding bone tissues to cause the intramedullary implant to be loosened and invalid, on the other hand, the tail end of the stump bone is not provided with a protection device, the integral structure has poor bending resistance after implantation, and great hidden trouble is brought to the health of a patient.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides an implantable prosthesis with optimized mechanical properties, which bears the end face of a residual bone through a bone wrapping force bearing structure, optimizes the stress at the fracture of the residual bone, effectively improves the stress distribution condition of an intramedullary implant and a bone coupling structure, effectively reduces stress shielding, enhances the integral bending resistance, greatly reduces the failure risk, and is closer to the mechanical transmission mechanism of normal human skeleton.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following:
in one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an implantable prosthesis with optimized mechanical properties, including:
an intramedullary implant for implantation into a bone cavity from the end of a residual bone;
an external prosthesis;
a percutaneous connecting rod for connecting the intramedullary implant with the external prosthesis;
wrap bone load-carrying structure, including being used for enclosing the annular enclosure wall that closes the terminal at least partial lateral surface of residual bone, conflict residual bone terminal surface's central platform, and be used for adjusting the enclosure that the annular enclosure wall formed close the chamber diameter with the moment adjustment mechanism of distance between central platform and the residual bone terminal surface.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the annular surrounding wall wraps the outer side surface of the tail end of the residual bone and extends downwards to partially exceed the end surface of the residual bone to form a surrounding cavity, the central platform is at least partially positioned in the surrounding cavity, and the upper end surface of the central platform is abutted against the end surface of the residual bone;
moment adjustment mechanism including set up in the center platform below, and can follow the altitude mixture control spare that the extending direction of percutaneous connecting rod removed, and with be formed with in the annular enclosure wall and enclose the inside wall that closes one side in chamber and contact, and be used for driving annular enclosure wall is to the rate of tension regulating part that the terminal outside face of residual bone internal rotation of residual bone is inside and outside.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a central through hole is formed in the central platform in a penetrating manner along an extending direction of the percutaneous connection rod, the percutaneous connection rod extends through the central through hole, and a diameter of the central through hole is larger than an outer diameter of the percutaneous connection rod.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, at least a part of the lower end surface of the central platform is protruded downwards to form a spherical arc surface;
at least part of the upper surface of the height adjusting piece is downwards sunken to form a ball socket which is in contact fit with the spherical cambered surface.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the annular surrounding wall is composed of a plurality of arc columns circumferentially arranged, and each of the arc columns is connected to the central platform through a flexible hinge, so that each of the arc columns can turn inwards or outwards with the flexible hinge as a fulcrum.
As a preferable mode of the present invention, the tightness adjusting member includes at least a slope surface contacting with an inner wall of the annular surrounding wall, and the slope surface extends obliquely inward or outward in the extending direction of the percutaneous connecting rod;
the inclined plane can move along the extending direction of the percutaneous connecting rod, and the flexible hinge is positioned above the inclined plane.
As a preferable mode of the present invention, the inner side surface of the annular surrounding wall facing the outer side wall of the residual bone is formed with a plurality of protrusions, and the length of each of the protrusions is the same or different.
As a preferable mode of the present invention, a part of the outer side wall of the intramedullary implant is protrusively formed with a screw thread inclined obliquely downward, and the screw thread is in contact with the inner side wall of the bone cavity.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the screw thread is provided in a middle portion of the intramedullary implant; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
the upper end surface of the intramedullary implant is formed as a hemisphere.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the intramedullary implant and the residual bone are each formed with a through-hole, a pin is inserted through the intramedullary implant and the mounting hole in the residual bone, the mounting hole of the intramedullary implant has an inner diameter larger than the diameter of the pin, and the upper end surface of the mounting hole in the intramedullary implant and the upper end surface of the mounting hole in the residual bone are on the same horizontal plane.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
according to the embodiment of the invention, through the arrangement of the annular surrounding wall and the central platform, the stress distribution condition of the coupling structure of the intramedullary implant and the bone is effectively improved by adopting a mode of combining the outer side surface of the end of the residual bone surrounded by the annular surrounding wall and the end surface of the residual bone pressed against the central platform, the stress shielding condition is further lightened to a certain degree, and the mechanical transmission mechanism of normal human bones is closer. Meanwhile, based on the connection of the intramedullary implant, the percutaneous connecting rod and the external artificial limb and based on the further enclosure of the annular enclosing wall, the integral bending resistance is better enhanced, and the failure risk in the long-term use process is greatly reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the effects and the achievable by the present invention, should still fall within the range that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an implantable prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another implantable prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic partial structural view of an annular enclosure wall and a central platform provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial structural view of an alternate orientation of the annular enclosure wall and central platform provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a residual bone and an annular surrounding wall according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a torque adjustment mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention in an unadjusted state;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a torque adjustment mechanism provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention in an initial adjustment state;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a torque adjustment mechanism provided in an embodiment of the invention in an adjustment state.
In the figure:
1-intramedullary implant; 2-residual bone; 3-bone cavity; 4-an external prosthesis; 5-percutaneous connecting rod; 6-an annular surrounding wall; 7-a central platform; 8-a height adjustment member; 9-a tension adjusting member; 10-a central through hole; 11-a ball and socket; 12-arc column; 13-a flexible hinge; 14-a bump; 15-screw thread; 16-a pin; 17-soft tissue.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the present invention provides an implantable prosthesis, specifically, comprising:
the intramedullary implant 1 is used for being implanted into a bone cavity 3 of a residual bone 2, the structure of the intramedullary implant is at least partially cylindrical, the top of the intramedullary implant is formed into a hemispheroid capping, and the combined surface of the inner wall of the bone cavity 3 and the intramedullary implant 1 only bears the weight of a percutaneous connecting rod 5 and an external artificial limb 4 at the lower part and does not bear the force transmitted by the weight of a human body at the upper part. Specifically, based on the above-mentioned force bearing requirements, the specific structural configuration of the intramedullary implant 1 includes the following two types:
first, a thread 15 is formed on the outer surface of the intramedullary implant 1 so that the inner wall of the bone cavity 3 is tightly coupled to the intramedullary implant 1 by the thread 15, and the thread 15 is inclined obliquely downward (it should be noted that terms of upper and lower relation here refer to a positional relation in a normal use state), whereby the coupling interface of the residual bone 2 and the intramedullary implant 1 mainly bears the weight from the lower structure, and does not substantially bear the weight of the human body transferred from the upper portion. Further, the thread 15 here is preferably distributed in the middle section of the intramedullary implant 1, and the outer surface of both the upper and lower sections of the intramedullary implant 1 is smooth. By this arrangement, only the middle section of the intramedullary implant 1 and the inner wall of the bone cavity 3 have relative acting force, and the problem that the stress shielding and further the failure of the intramedullary implant 1 caused by excessive constraint between the inner wall of the bone cavity 3 and the intramedullary implant 1 can be effectively prevented.
Secondly, mounting holes are respectively and transversely arranged on the intramedullary implant 1 and the residual bone 2, and the pin 16 sequentially penetrates through the residual bone 2 and the mounting holes on the intramedullary implant 1 so as to mount the intramedullary implant 1 on the residual bone 2. Further, the inner diameter of the mounting hole of the intramedullary implant 1 is larger than the diameter of the pin 16, and the upper end surface of the mounting hole of the intramedullary implant 1 is on the same level as the upper end surface of the mounting hole of the residual bone 2. The arrangement is further such that the pin 16, in cooperation with the intramedullary implant 1, is mainly used for bearing the weight of the lower percutaneous connecting rod 5 and the external prosthesis 4, and effectively prevents the problem that the intramedullary implant 1 is pulled out due to the weight of the substructure to cause the overall failure without bearing the weight of the upper part of the human body.
The material of both the intramedullary implant 1 and the pin 16 herein may be selected to be a titanium alloy based on structural load bearing and use requirements.
A percutaneous connecting rod 5 for connecting the intramedullary implant 1 and the external artificial limb 4. The percutaneous connecting rod 5 and the intramedullary implant 1 can be in a split structure or an integrated structure. From the viewpoint of improving the stability of the overall structure, an integral structure can be selected; from convenient to detach handles etc. the angle, can select to split type structure, the setting of split type structure here can adopt arbitrary suitable mode, for example, can be through connected modes such as screwed connection or buckle connection. The skilled person will be able to make a targeted selection based on the actual situation.
Also, in a more preferred embodiment, the soft tissue 17 at the end of the residual bone 2 heals to the outer circumference of the percutaneous connecting rod 5.
Further, the material of the percutaneous connection rod 5 may here also be chosen to be a titanium alloy, based on structural load bearing capacity and use requirements.
Thirdly, package bone load-carrying structure, including annular enclosure wall 6, central platform 7, height adjusting part 8 and rate of tension adjusting part 9, wherein, annular enclosure wall 6 is used for enclosing the terminal lateral surface of incomplete bone 2 (the enclosing of the lateral surface of the bone that indicates in incomplete bone 2 closes), and central platform 7 is used for closely laminating with the terminal cross section of incomplete bone 2 (being incomplete bone 2 terminal surface). The arrangement adopts the mode of enclosing and fitting, disperses the whole stress, effectively avoids the problems of stress concentration and stress shielding caused by local excessive stress, and avoids the problems of uncomfortable use and the like caused by uneven stress of the residual bone 2 in the using process of the whole implanted artificial limb.
Further, a central through hole 10 for the percutaneous connection rod 5 to pass through is formed on the central platform 7 in a penetrating manner, and the inner diameter of the central through hole 10 is set to be larger than the diameter of the percutaneous connection rod 5. Meanwhile, the lower surface of the central platform 7 is formed into a convex spherical arc surface and is in contact with the upper surface of the height adjusting piece 8 positioned below, and the upper surface of the height adjusting piece 8 is matched to form a concave ball socket 11. Due to the arrangement, the height adjusting piece 8 can move upwards or downwards and adjust the relative angle position of the spherical arc surface and the ball socket 11 in a matched mode, and the separation or close fit between the central platform 7 and the end face of the residual bone 2 can be adjusted in a targeted mode. And, based on above-mentioned setting, whole regulation interval is relatively great, can effectively realize the differentiation regulation in certain extent, carries out certain differentiation adjustment to different user residual bone 2 states etc. and adjustable range is big, and accommodation is wide.
Meanwhile, it should be noted that the central platform 7 is arranged, so that the whole central platform 7 is used as a main bearing component to bear the weight of the human body transmitted from the residual bone, the stress shielding condition can be effectively reduced, and the mechanical transmission mechanism of the normal human body bone is closer to the mechanical transmission mechanism. In order to better enable the joint of the central platform 7 and the end face of the residual bone 2 to be stressed in a balanced manner and to meet the mechanical transmission performance of the human body, particularly, the joint of the central platform 7 and the end face of the residual bone 2 can be further coated with a bone-like material for transition. In a specific embodiment, the material of the annular surrounding wall 6 and the central platform 7 can be selected from titanium alloy, and the bone-like material can be selected from hydroxyapatite coating.
In further preferred embodiment, can also be formed with protruding 14 on the internal surface of annular surrounding wall 6, realize protruding 14 and incomplete bone 2 terminal conflict between the outside through protruding 14's setting, effectively realize reducing the area of contact between whole annular surrounding wall 6 and the lateral surface (the surface of bone promptly) of incomplete bone 2 under the terminal prerequisite of locking incomplete bone 2, reduce the destruction to the periosteum, the at utmost remains the blood circulation of cortex of bone, avoids the too big terminal necrosis of incomplete bone 2 that leads to of oppression area. Meanwhile, the number of the protrusions 14 may be plural (for example, six, although the present invention is not limited thereto), and the protrusion length may be different to be correspondingly adjusted according to the actual bone shape. For example, in one particular embodiment, the protrusions 14 may be further shaped as fingers, as shown in FIG. 4. Of course, the entire annular surrounding wall 6 or at least the projections 14 here are of an elastic material, so that differences in the pressing force due to irregular surfaces of the bone can be adjusted within a certain range. Simultaneously, based on annular enclosing wall 6 to the cooperation of central platform 7, through the fastening parcel of annular enclosing wall 6, can prevent better that the problem of the easy emergence damage of buckling from appearing in daily use broken bone department.
The connection between the central platform 7 and the annular surrounding wall 6 here may further be an articulated connection by means of a flexible hinge 13, so that the annular surrounding wall 6 can achieve an effective close enclosure of the end of the residual bone 2 by means of at least local, targeted contraction or relaxation on the basis of the tightness adjustment 9. Further preferably, the medial surface of the lower extreme of annular enclosing wall 6 forms into the inclined plane to realize better its tip and the contact cooperation of rate of tension regulating part 9, avoid the less rate of tension regulating part 9 that leads to in clearance between annular enclosing wall 6 and the altitude mixture control piece 8 to insert, thereby make rate of tension regulating part 9 can't carry out better conflict to the bottom of annular enclosing wall 6. Simultaneously, flexible hinge 13 is arranged along the equidistant of circumferential direction on annular surrounding wall 6, and annular surrounding wall 6 can be for forming by a plurality of arc posts 12, and connect through the connecting piece between a plurality of arc posts 12, when connecting piece and flexible hinge 13 are at same height, then the planar diameter in a plurality of connecting pieces place keeps unchangeable in accommodation process, only need to make the connecting piece run through arc post 12 and set up, so that arc post 12 can rotate and realize the shrink or the diastole of tip relatively the connecting piece, and then realize that whole annular surrounding wall 6 can to the diameter of the parcel of incomplete bone 2 adjust. For example, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the number of the flexible hinges 13 may be specifically six, although the present invention is not limited thereto.
Further, the adjustment setting of the annular surrounding wall 6 and the tightness adjusting piece 9 here is specifically that, through the upward movement or the downward movement of the tightness adjusting piece 9, based on the setting of the inclined plane of the tightness adjusting piece 9, the bottom end of the annular surrounding wall 6 moves along the inclined plane, so that the diameter of the bottom end of the annular surrounding wall 6 changes, and the inclination occurs, based on the flexible hinge 13, thereby the diameter of the other end of the annular surrounding wall 6 is increased or reduced, thereby the tightening or loosening adjustment of the wrapping state is completed.
The adjustment mechanism for the tightness adjustment member 9 is shown in detail in fig. 6-8. Wherein curve a represents the inside of the annular surrounding wall 6, curve B represents the outside of the tautness adjuster 9, and point G represents approximately the centre of rotation at the flexible hinge 13. And (3) establishing a plane rectangular coordinate system by taking the point G as the center of a circle, and then respectively expressing the curve equations of the curve A and the curve B as follows:
yA＝k(x-a)2+b
yB＝kx2+c
when the shrinkage fastening lock catch is screwed upwards, the value c is increased, the curve B is positively translated along the Y axis, the curve B is screwed to a certain degree and is contacted with the curve A, and then the curve A rotates by an angle alpha by taking the point G as a rotation center, so that the upper section of the bone-covering fastener simultaneously rotates by an angle alpha inwards by taking the point G as a rotation center, and the purpose of shrinkage fastening is achieved.
It should be noted that the material of the height adjustment member 8 and the tightness adjustment member 9, which are used as the torque adjustment mechanism, may be selected from titanium alloy, and the up and down movement thereof may be achieved by cooperation with the percutaneous connection rod 5, for example, based on the relative fixed arrangement of the percutaneous connection rod 5, and the rotation and height adjustment may be achieved by the way of the internal and external screw thread fit connection between the percutaneous connection rod 5 and the torque adjustment mechanism, although other suitable manners may be used herein.
And the external artificial limb 4 is connected to the percutaneous connecting rod 5 and used for replacing the missing limb part. The material may further be selected to be stainless steel.
The above arrangement makes the joint interface of the residual bone 2 and the intramedullary implant 1 bear mainly the weight force of the lower prosthesis structure and not the force transmitted by the weight of the upper body, based on the screw thread 15 or the pin 16. The intramedullary implant 1 is only combined with the bone cavity 3 at one part of the middle part, and the upper section and the lower section are smooth surfaces, so that the implant failure caused by excessive stress shielding generated by the restraint between the residual bone 2 and the intramedullary implant 1 can be effectively prevented. The percutaneous connecting rod 5 is connected with the intramedullary implant 1 through a thread 15 or is implanted into the rod as an integral body, after the intramedullary implant 1 is implanted into the bone cavity 3, the central platform 7 enables the percutaneous connecting rod 5 to pass through a central through hole 10, the height adjusting piece 8 is connected on the percutaneous connecting rod 5 through an internal thread and an external thread, and the central platform 7 can be tightly attached to the cross section of the tail end of a fractured bone by adjusting the height of the height adjusting piece 8 and the relative position of the spherical cambered surface and the ball socket 11. The rate of tension regulating part 9 is connected with height control spare 8 through the connected mode of internal and external screw thread, and the high bending angle who changes flexible hinge 13 through adjusting rate of tension regulating part 9 to realize that annular surrounding wall 6 surrounds the terminal outside bone of fastening broken bone. The soft tissue 17 at the end of the residual bone 2 is healed around the percutaneous connecting rod 5, and the external artificial limb 4 is connected to the percutaneous connecting rod 5 in vitro. When a patient stands or walks, the gravity of the human body is transmitted to the external artificial limb 4 through the central platform 7, the height adjusting piece 8 and the percutaneous connecting rod 5, so that the stress distribution condition of the bone/implant coupling structure can be effectively improved, the stress shielding condition is relieved, the anti-bending capability of the structure is enhanced, and the failure risk of the implanted osseointegrated prosthesis is reduced.
In the invention, for size adaptation of the implanted artificial limb, statistical analysis needs to be carried out on different ages, different sexes and different truncation parts, a comprehensive database is established and gradually completed, so that the implanted artificial limbs with different sizes are produced and manufactured, and the patient is matched with the proper artificial limb size through detailed preoperative evaluation. The implanted artificial limb device provides an artificial limb device which is implanted in a body and integrated with residual bones and a using method thereof, adopts a bone fracture surface to bear and optimize the stress condition of the bone fracture, can effectively improve the stress distribution condition of an artificial limb implant/bone coupling structure, effectively lightens the stress shielding condition, enhances the bending resistance of the structure, reduces the failure risk of the implanted osseointegrated artificial limb, is closer to the mechanical transmission mechanism of normal human skeleton, and provides a more comfortable and safer artificial limb installation scheme for people with incomplete limbs.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (10)

1. An implantable prosthesis optimized for mechanical properties, comprising:
an intramedullary implant (1) for implantation from the end of a residual bone (2) into a bone cavity (3);
an external prosthesis (4);
a percutaneous connection rod (5) for connecting the intramedullary implant (1) with the external prosthesis (4);
wrap bone load-carrying structure, including being used for enclosing ring enclosure wall (6) that closes incomplete bone (2) end at least part lateral surface, conflict central platform (7) of incomplete bone (2) terminal surface, and be used for adjusting enclose that ring enclosure wall (6) formed close the chamber diameter with the moment adjustment mechanism of distance between central platform (7) and incomplete bone (2) terminal surface.
2. An implantable prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein the annular surrounding wall (6) surrounds the outer side of the end of the residual bone (2) and extends downwards to partially extend beyond the end surface of the residual bone (2) and form a surrounding cavity, the central platform (7) is at least partially located in the surrounding cavity and the upper end surface is in contact with the end surface of the residual bone (2);
moment adjustment mechanism including set up in center platform (7) below, and can follow height-adjusting part (8) that the extending direction of percutaneous connecting rod (5) removed, and with be formed with in annular surrounding wall (6) and enclose the inside wall that closes one side in chamber and contact, and be used for driving annular surrounding wall (6) are to rate of tension regulating part (9) that incomplete bone (2) terminal outside face internal rotation.
3. An implantable prosthesis according to claim 2, wherein a central through hole (10) is formed in the central platform (7) in a direction of extension of the percutaneous connecting rod (5), the percutaneous connecting rod (5) is arranged to extend through the central through hole (10), and the diameter of the central through hole (10) is larger than the outer diameter of the percutaneous connecting rod (5).
4. An implantable prosthesis according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the lower end surface of the central platform (7) is at least partially formed convexly downwards as a bulbous surface;
at least part of the upper surface of the height adjusting piece (8) is downwards sunken to form a ball socket (11) which is in contact fit with the spherical arc surface.
5. An implantable prosthesis according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the annular enclosing wall (6) is composed of a plurality of arc columns (12) circumferentially arranged around and each arc column (12) is connected to the central platform (7) by a flexible hinge (13) so that each arc column (12) can be turned inwards or outwards with the flexible hinge (13) as a fulcrum.
6. An implantable prosthesis according to claim 5, wherein the tightness adjusting member (9) comprises at least a slope in contact with the inner wall of the annular enclosing wall (6) and extending obliquely inwardly or outwardly in the extension direction of the percutaneous connecting rod (5);
the inclined plane can move along the extending direction of the percutaneous connecting rod (5), and the flexible hinge (13) is positioned above the inclined plane.
7. An implantable prosthesis according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the inner side of the annular enclosing wall (6) is formed with a plurality of projections (14) towards the outer side wall of the residual bone (2), and that each of the projections (14) is of the same or different length.
8. An implantable prosthesis according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that part of the outer side wall of the intramedullary implant (1) is formed with a thread (15) protruding obliquely downwards, and the thread (15) is in contact with the inner side wall of the bone cavity (3).
9. An implantable prosthesis according to claim 8, characterised in that the thread (15) is provided in the middle of the intramedullary implant (1); and the number of the first and second electrodes,
the upper end surface of the intramedullary implant (1) is formed into a hemisphere.
10. An implantable prosthesis according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the intramedullary implant (1) and the residual bone (2) are each formed with a through-going mounting hole, a pin (16) is provided through the mounting holes of the intramedullary implant (1) and the residual bone (2), the mounting hole of the intramedullary implant (1) has an inner diameter larger than the diameter of the pin (16), and the upper end surface of the mounting hole of the intramedullary implant (1) and the upper end surface of the mounting hole of the residual bone (2) are on the same horizontal plane.
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