CN112969463A - 8-环戊基-7-氧代-2-(4-哌嗪-1-基-苯基氨基)-7,8-二氢-吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-6-腈及其在治疗增殖性疾病中的用途 - Google Patents
8-环戊基-7-氧代-2-(4-哌嗪-1-基-苯基氨基)-7,8-二氢-吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-6-腈及其在治疗增殖性疾病中的用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
描述了新的化合物8‑环戊基‑7‑氧代‑2‑(4‑哌嗪‑1‑基‑苯基氨基)‑7,8‑二氢‑吡啶并[2,3‑<i]嘧啶‑6‑腈及其可药用盐,以及其用于治疗细胞增殖性疾病(包括癌症)的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及化合物和可药用盐、药物组合物,用于制备其的方法以及其用于治疗癌症和其他细胞增殖性疾病的用途。
背景技术
细胞增殖性疾病(例如癌症)是发达国家中最常见的死亡原因之一。对于存在针对其的治疗的疾病(例如癌症),尽管现有治疗在持续进展,但其具有不期望的副作用和有限的功效。通常,肿瘤细胞变得对现有治疗具有抗性。因此,需要用于细胞增殖性疾病(包括癌症)的新的有效药物。
周期蛋白依赖性激酶(Cyclin dependant kinase,Cdk)及其伴侣周期蛋白是一类全酶,其充当细胞增殖的调节剂。已识别出选择性Cdk4抑制剂(例如帕博西尼(palbociclib))的抗增殖活性,并且帕博西尼已被批准用于治疗一些形式的乳腺癌。然而,服用帕博西尼的患者具有高的副作用发生率,所述副作用包括中性粒细胞减少和抗性。ARK5(AMPK相关蛋白激酶5,AMPK related protein kinase-5)是与细胞生长调节相关的另一种激酶,并且该激酶的过表达已与许多形式的癌症(并且特别是多发性骨髓瘤)中的肿瘤侵袭和转移相关。
本发明至少部分地基于以下发现:8-环戊基-7-氧代-2-(4-哌嗪-1-基-苯基氨基)-7,8-二氢-吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-6-腈(ON 1232580)作为多特异性蛋白激酶抑制剂具有出乎意料地提高的功效。另外,还出乎意料的是,8-环戊基-7-氧代-2-(4-哌嗪-1-基-苯基氨基)-7,8-二氢-吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-6-腈在广泛的癌细胞类型中并且特别地针对B细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤、前列腺癌、宫颈癌和慢性髓细胞性白血病(chronic myelogenousleukemia,CML)是强效的细胞毒剂。
发明内容
在本发明的第一方面中,提供了式I化合物及其可药用盐:
在本发明的第二方面中,提供了药物组合物,其包含式I化合物及其可药用盐,以及一种或更多种可药用赋形剂。
在本发明的另一方面中,提供了通过向有此需要的患者施用治疗有效量的式I化合物及其可药用盐来治疗增殖性疾病的方法。
在本发明的另一方面中,提供了通过向有此需要的患者施用治疗有效量的式I化合物及其可药用盐来治疗癌症的方法。
在本发明的另一方面中,提供了药物组合物,其用于通过向有此需要的患者施用包含治疗有效量的式I化合物及其可药用盐的药物组合物来治疗癌症和增殖性疾病。
本发明还提供了治疗个体的细胞增殖性疾病的方法,其包括向所述个体施用有效量的至少一种根据式I的化合物或其盐。
在某些实施方案中,细胞增殖性疾病选自新生儿血管瘤病、继发进展型多发性硬化、动脉粥样硬化、慢性进行性骨髓退行性疾病(chronic progressivemyelodegenerative disease)、神经纤维瘤病、神经节瘤病(ganglioneuromatosis)、瘢痕疙瘩形成(keloid formation)、骨的佩吉特病(Paget’s disease of the bone)、乳腺纤维囊性病、子宫纤维样(uterine fibriods)、佩伦涅病(Peyronie’s disease)、掌肌膜孪缩症(Dupuytren’s disease)、再狭窄、良性增殖性乳腺疾病、良性前列腺增生、X连锁淋巴细胞增殖性疾病、移植后淋巴细胞增殖性疾病、黄斑变性、视网膜病变、增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变和非癌性淋巴细胞增殖性疾病。
在一些具体实施方案中,细胞增殖性疾病是癌症。在一些实施方案中,所述癌症选自卵巢癌;宫颈癌;乳腺癌;前列腺癌;睾丸癌、肺癌、肾癌;结直肠癌;皮肤癌;脑癌;白血病,包括急性髓性白血病、慢性髓性白血病、急性淋巴性白血病和慢性淋巴性白血病;淋巴瘤,包括B细胞淋巴瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤和套细胞淋巴瘤。
本发明还提供了在患有癌症的个体中诱导癌细胞凋亡的方法,其包括向所述个体施用有效量的式I化合物或其盐。
在一些实施方案中,癌细胞是肿瘤细胞。在一些具体实施方案中,肿瘤细胞选自卵巢、宫颈、子宫、阴道、乳腺、前列腺、睾丸、肺、肾、结直肠、胃、肾上腺、口腔、食管、肝、胆囊、骨、骨髓、淋巴、眼、皮肤和脑肿瘤细胞。
本发明还提供了在需要这样的治疗的哺乳动物中抑制激酶活性的方法,所述方法包括施用治疗有效量的式I化合物或其可药用盐。在某些实施方案中,以下激酶中的一种或更多种被抑制:ARK5、CDK4/6、ABL1、FGFR1、FLT3、FLT4/VEGFR3、FYN、PDGFRb和RET。优选地,所述激酶中的两种或更多种或者三种或更多种被抑制。
在本发明的另一方面中,提供了8-环戊基-7-氧代-2-(4-哌嗪-1-基-苯基氨基)-7,8-二氢-吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-6-腈及其可药用盐用于制备用于治疗癌症和增殖性疾病的药物的用途,其中所述药物包含治疗有效剂量。
在另一方面中,提供了用于治疗由异常细胞增殖介导的病症的化合物8-环戊基-7-氧代-2-(4-哌嗪-1-基-苯基氨基)-7,8-二氢-吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-6-腈及其可药用盐。优选地,这样的病症是癌症;或者这样的病症是选自以下的癌症:卵巢癌、宫颈癌、子宫癌、阴道癌、乳腺癌、前列腺癌、睾丸癌、肺癌、肾癌、结直肠癌、胃癌、肾上腺癌、口腔癌、食管癌、肝癌、胆囊癌、骨癌、骨髓癌、白血病、淋巴癌、眼癌、皮肤癌和脑癌;或者这样的病症是选自以下的癌症:白血病,包括急性髓性白血病、慢性髓性白血病、急性淋巴性白血病和慢性淋巴性白血病;或者这样的病症是选自以下的癌症:淋巴瘤,包括B细胞淋巴瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤和套细胞淋巴瘤;或者这样的病症是选自以下的癌症:乳腺癌、多发性骨髓瘤、B细胞淋巴瘤、前列腺癌和宫颈癌;或者这样的病症是激素受体阳性、人表皮生长因子受体2阴性的晚期或转移性乳腺癌。医学治疗包括用治疗有效量的式I化合物及其可药用盐治疗人。
本说明书中提及的所有出版物和专利申请通过引用以其整体并入,其程度如同每个单独的出版物或专利申请具体地且单独地指出通过引用并入。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了新的化合物8-环戊基-7-氧代-2-(4-哌嗪-1-基-苯基氨基)-7,8-二氢-吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-6-腈(ON 1232580)及其可药用盐。发明人发现8-环戊基-7-氧代-2-(4-哌嗪-1-基-苯基氨基)-7,8-二氢-吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-6-腈作为多特异性蛋白激酶抑制剂具有出乎意料地提高的功效。另外,还出乎意料的是,8-环戊基-7-氧代-2-(4-哌嗪-1-基-苯基氨基)-7,8-二氢-吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-6-腈在广泛的癌细胞类型中并且特别地针对B细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤、前列腺癌、宫颈癌和慢性髓细胞性白血病是强效的细胞毒剂。
认为本发明的化合物和组合物选择性地抑制癌细胞的增殖,并杀伤多种肿瘤细胞类型。本发明的化合物抑制多种蛋白激酶。如下面进一步详细描述的,本发明的化合物显示出乎意料的抑制ARK5、CDK4/6以及ABL1、CDK9、FGFR1、FLT3、VEGFR3、FYN、PDGFRb和RET的功效。
认为本发明的化合物抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖并诱导细胞死亡。细胞死亡是由凋亡的诱导引起的。认为所述化合物针对广泛的肿瘤类型有效,所述肿瘤类型包括但不限于以下:卵巢癌、乳腺癌、前列腺癌、肺癌、肾癌、结直肠癌、脑癌、淋巴瘤和白血病。出乎意料地,ON1232580是GRANTA-519细胞(其是B细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤细胞系,特别是套细胞淋巴瘤)的强效杀伤剂(killer)。相比之下,顺铂对GRANTA-519细胞不是很有毒性。如细胞毒性研究所表明的,ON 1232580也是DU 145细胞(前列腺癌)、HeLa细胞(宫颈癌)和K-562细胞(人髓细胞性白血病)的强效抑制剂。
认为所述化合物还可用于治疗非癌性细胞增殖性疾病,包括但不限于以下:新生儿血管瘤病、继发进展型多发性硬化、动脉粥样硬化、慢性进行性骨髓退行性疾病、神经纤维瘤病、神经节瘤病、瘢痕疙瘩形成、骨的佩吉特病、乳腺纤维囊性病、子宫纤维样、佩伦涅病、掌肌膜孪缩症、再狭窄、良性增殖性乳腺疾病、良性前列腺增生、X连锁淋巴细胞增殖性疾病、移植后淋巴细胞增殖性疾病、黄斑变性、视网膜病变、增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变和非癌性淋巴细胞增殖性疾病。
术语
除非另外限定,否则本文中使用的所有技术术语和科学术语具有与本发明所属领域的技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
说明书中使用的术语具有以下含义:
本文中使用的术语“药物组合物”意指例如在可药用载体中包含特定量的治疗化合物(例如治疗有效量)的混合物,该混合物待施用于哺乳动物(例如人)以治疗疾病。
本文中使用的术语“可药用”是指在合理医学判断的范围内适用于与哺乳动物(尤其是人)的组织接触而无过度毒性、刺激、变应性反应(allergicresponse)和其他问题并发症与合理益处/风险比相称的那些化合物、物质、组合物和/或剂型。
除非上下文另外明确指出,否则说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用的没有数量词修饰的名词包括一个/种或更多个/种。
本文中使用的术语“治疗(treat)”和“治疗(treatment)”可互换使用,并且意在表示疾病发展的延缓和/或将要或预期会发生的症状的严重程度的降低。该术语还包括改善现有症状、预防另外的症状以及改善或预防症状的潜在代谢原因。该术语应理解为意指为了对抗疾病、病症或障碍而对患者进行的管理和护理。
本文中使用的“个体”(如在治疗的对象中)意指哺乳动物和非哺乳动物二者。哺乳动物包括,例如人;非人灵长类,例如猿和猴;牛;马;绵羊和山羊。非哺乳动物包括例如鱼和鸟。
当用于描述对患有癌症或其他细胞增殖性疾病的个体的治疗时,表述“有效量”是指根据式I的化合物的量,所述量抑制癌细胞(优选肿瘤细胞)的异常生长或增殖,或者替代地诱导癌细胞(优选肿瘤细胞)的凋亡,导致对增殖细胞的治疗上有用的作用和/或选择性细胞毒性作用。
术语“细胞增殖性疾病”意指其中在多细胞生物体中发生一个或更多个细胞亚群的不需要的细胞增殖的疾病。在一些这样的疾病中,细胞是由生物体以非典型的加速速率产生的。
本发明的化合物
本发明的化合物包括式I化合物及其可药用盐:
在一个方面中,优选式I化合物以及选自无机酸(例如HCl)和有机酸(例如乳酸)的盐的可药用盐。
在另一些优选实施方案中,式I化合物或其任意实施方案是通过化学合成所制备并通过分析方法确认纯度的纯化合物。在另一些优选实施方案中,式I化合物和包含该化合物的组合物(包括药物组合物)基本上不含不可药用的污染物。不可药用的污染物是这样的物质:其如果以多于不显著量(insubstantial amount)存在,其将使该化合物或组合物不适合于用作用于治疗性施用的药物。一些实例包括有毒物质,例如卤代溶剂和重金属;以及潜在的感染性物质,例如细菌、真菌、病毒以及细菌和真菌的孢子。
式I化合物的盐
本发明的化合物可采取盐形式。术语“盐”包括是本发明化合物的式I化合物的加成盐。术语“可药用盐”是指在药物应用中提供效用的范围内具有毒性谱的盐。然而,不可药用盐可具有例如高结晶度的特性,其在本发明的实践中具有效用,例如如在本发明化合物的合成、纯化或配制过程中的效用。
合适的可药用酸加成盐可由无机酸或有机酸制备。无机酸的一些实例包括盐酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、硝酸、碳酸、硫酸和磷酸。合适的有机酸可选自脂族酸、环状脂族酸、芳香酸、芳香脂族酸、杂环羧酸和磺酸,其一些实例包括甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、琥珀酸、乙醇酸、葡糖酸、乳酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、抗坏血酸、葡糖醛酸、马来酸、富马酸、丙酮酸、天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、苯甲酸、邻氨基苯甲酸、4-羟基苯甲酸、苯乙酸、苦杏仁酸、扑酸(embonic acid)(扑酸(pamoic acid))、甲磺酸、乙磺酸、苯磺酸、泛酸、三氟乙酸、三氟甲磺酸、2-羟基乙磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、磺胺酸、环己基氨基磺酸、硬脂酸、藻酸、β-羟基丁酸、水杨酸、半乳糖二酸(galactaric acid)和半乳糖醛酸。不可药用酸加成盐的一些实例包括例如高氯酸盐和四氟硼酸盐。
在一个方面中,式I化合物的一些优选盐包括盐酸盐和乳酸盐。乳酸盐包括用(R)-、(S)-和(RS)-乳酸异构体制备的盐。
所有这些盐可通过常规方法由根据式I的相应化合物和适当的酸制备。优选地,盐为结晶形式,并且优选地通过使盐从合适的溶剂中结晶而制备。本领域技术人员将知道如何制备和选择合适的盐形式,例如,如P.H.Stahl和C.G.Wermuth的Handbook ofPharmaceutical Salts:Properties,Selection,and Use(Wiley-VCH 2002)中所述。
制备本发明化合物的方法
下面的实施例1提供了用于合成根据式I的化合物及其盐的方法。本发明的化合物(包括盐)和中间体可从它们的反应混合物中分离并通过标准技术,例如过滤、液-液萃取、固相萃取、蒸馏、重结晶或色谱法,包括快速柱色谱法或HPLC纯化。用于纯化根据式I的化合物或其盐的优选方法包括使化合物或盐从溶剂中结晶以优选形成化合物或其盐的结晶形式。结晶之后,通过除蒸发之外的方法(例如过滤或倾析)除去结晶溶剂,并然后优选使用纯溶剂(或纯溶剂的混合物)洗涤晶体。用于结晶的一些优选溶剂包括:水;醇,特别是含有至多四个碳原子的醇,例如甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇和丁-1-醇、丁-2-醇和2-甲基-2-丙醇;醚,例如乙醚、二异丙醚、叔丁基甲醚、1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、四氢呋喃和1,4-二氧六环;羧酸,例如甲酸和乙酸;以及烃类溶剂,例如戊烷、己烷、甲苯;及其混合物,特别是水性混合物,例如含水乙醇。其他可能的溶剂包括乙酸乙酯。优选使用纯溶剂,优选至少是分析级的,并且更优选是药物级的。在本发明方法的一个优选实施方案中,如此分离产物。在根据式I的本发明化合物或其盐及其药物组合物中,根据式I的化合物或其盐优选为结晶形式或由结晶形式制备,优选根据这样的方法制备。
本领域技术人员将理解,所描述的方法不是可通过其合成本发明化合物的排他性方法,并且极广泛的合成有机反应储库(repertoire)是可获得的以潜在地用于合成本发明化合物。本领域技术人员知道如何选择和实施合适的合成路线。合适的合成方法可通过参考文献来确定,包括例如以下的文献来源:Comprehensive Organic Synthesis,Ed.B.M.Trost和I.Fleming(Pergamon Press,1991),Comprehensive Organic FunctionalGroup Transformations,Ed.A.R.Katritzky,O.Meth-Cohn和C.W.Rees(Pergamon Press,1996),Comprehensive Organic Functional Group Transformations II,Ed.A.R.Katritzky和R.J.K.Taylor(编辑)(Elsevier,第2版,2004),ComprehensiveHeterocyclic Chemistry,Ed.A.R.Katritzky和C.W.Rees(Pergamon Press,1984),Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry II,Ed.A.R.Katritzky,C.W.Rees和E.F.V.Scriven(Pergamon Press,1996),以及Advanced Organic Chemistry,第4版,J.March(John Wiley&Sons,1992)。
剂型和施用途径
8-环戊基-7-氧代-2-(4-哌嗪-1-基-苯基氨基)-7,8-二氢-吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-6-腈及其可药用盐可以以广泛多种的剂型施用。本发明的化合物可以与可药用载体组合以药物组合物的形式施用。这样的制剂中的活性成分可占0.1至99.99重量百分比。“可药用载体”意指与制剂的其他成分相容并且对接受者无害的任何载体、稀释剂或赋形剂。
活性剂优选与基于所选施用途径和标准药学实践来选择的可药用载体一起施用。可根据药物制剂领域中的标准实践将活性剂配制成剂型。参见Alphonso Gennaro,ed.,Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences,第18版(1990),Mack Publishing Co.,Easton,PA。合适的剂型可包括例如片剂、胶囊剂、溶液剂、肠胃外溶液剂、锭剂、栓剂或混悬剂。
对于肠胃外施用,包括注射施用,可将活性剂与合适的载体或稀释剂,(例如水、油(特别是植物油)、乙醇、盐水溶液、右旋糖(葡萄糖)水溶液和相关糖溶液、甘油或二醇,例如丙二醇或聚乙二醇)混合。用于肠胃外施用的溶液优选包含活性剂的水溶性盐。还可添加稳定剂、抗氧化剂和防腐剂。合适的抗氧化剂包括亚硫酸、抗坏血酸、其盐和酯、半胱氨酸及其衍生物、柠檬酸及其盐和EDTA钠。合适的防腐剂包括苯扎氯铵、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯或对羟基苯甲酸丙酯和氯丁醇。用于肠胃外施用的组合物可采用水溶液剂或非水溶液剂、分散体、悬浮剂或乳剂的形式。
对于经口施用,活性剂可与一种或更多种固体非活性成分组合用于制备片剂、胶囊剂、丸剂、散剂、颗粒剂或其他合适的经口剂型。例如,活性剂可与例如以下的至少一种赋形剂组合:填充剂、黏合剂、保湿剂、崩解剂、溶解阻滞剂(solution retarder)、吸收促进剂、润湿剂、吸收剂或润滑剂。根据一个片剂的实施方案,活性剂可与羧甲基纤维素钙、硬脂酸镁、甘露醇和淀粉组合,并随后通过常规压片方法形成片剂。
获得治疗细胞增殖性疾病的治疗益处的根据本发明的化合物的具体剂量当然将通过个体患者的具体情况来确定,包括患者的尺寸、重量、年龄和性别,细胞增殖性疾病的性质和阶段,细胞增殖性疾病的侵袭性以及化合物的施用途径。
例如,可使用约0.05至约50mg/kg/天,更优选约0.1至约10mg/kg/天的日剂量。由于在一些情况下可能需要使用在这些范围之外的剂量,因此也可考虑了更高或更低的剂量。可分配日剂量,例如等分为每天2至4次,每天给药。组合物优选配制成单位剂型,每个剂量包含约1至约500mg,更通常约10至约100mg的活性剂/单位剂量。术语“单位剂型”是指适合于作为用于人对象和其他哺乳动物的单位剂量的物理上离散的单位,每个单位包含与合适的药物赋形剂相关联的预定量的活性物质,其经计算产生期望的治疗效果。
用于配制药物组合物的组分是高纯度的,并且基本上不含潜在有害的污染物(例如,至少是国家食品级的,通常来说至少是分析级的,并且更通常来说至少是药物级的)。特别地,对于人消费,组合物优选在如美国食品与药物管理局的适用法规中限定的良好生产规范标准下制造或配制。例如,合适的制剂可以是无菌的和/或基本上等渗的和/或完全符合美国食品与药物管理局的所有良好生产规范规则。
化合物可通过任何途径施用,包括但不限于经口、经直肠、舌下、经颊、经眼、经肺和肠胃外施用,或者作为经口或鼻喷雾剂(例如吸入雾化的蒸气、液滴或固体颗粒)。肠胃外施用包括例如静脉内、肌内、动脉内、腹膜内、鼻内、阴道内、膀胱内(例如至膀胱)、皮内、经皮、表面或皮下施用。药物组合物可以是用于肠胃外使用的无菌注射液的形式,包括在施用之前稀释的浓缩溶液。在本发明的范围内还考虑了将药物以受控制剂滴注到患者体内,在稍后的时间,发生药物的全身或局部释放。例如,可将药物定位在贮库(depot)中,用于受控释放到循环中,或用于释放到肿瘤生长的局部部位。
在本发明的实践中可用的一种或更多种化合物可在治疗期间通过相同或不同途径同时施用,或者在不同时间施用。可将化合物在其他药物(包括其他抗增殖化合物)之前、与其一起或在其之后施用。
可在单个、不间断的时间段中或在离散的时间段中进行治疗,持续根据需要的时长。治疗医生将知道如何基于患者的响应而提高、降低或中断治疗。根据一个实施方案,治疗进行约4至约16周。可根据需要重复治疗计划。
活性剂可被配制用于肠胃外施用(例如,通过注射,例如在浓缩制剂的稀释之后通过连续输注),并且可以以单位剂量形式存在于安瓿、小瓶、预填充注射器、小体积输注剂中或在多剂量容器中,添加或不添加防腐剂。肠胃外制剂可包含合适的抗氧化剂、渗透压调节剂(osmolality adjusting agent)、稳定剂和其他可药用赋形剂。合适的抗氧化剂包括亚硫酸氢钠、亚硫酸钠、抗坏血酸钠、L-半胱氨酸及其衍生物、和硫代硫酸钠、甲醛次硫酸氢钠、柠檬酸、d,l-α-生育酚、丁基羟基茴香醚、丁基羟基甲苯、单硫代甘油(monothioglycerol)、抗坏血酸、其盐和酯、以及没食子酸丙酯。
本发明包括药包或药盒,其包含经口剂型、小瓶或安瓿,其包含8-环戊基-7-氧代-2-(4-哌嗪-1-基-苯基氨基)-7,8-二氢-吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-6-腈及其可药用盐;以及任选地作为载体的合适液体(例如水)的容器。任选地,药包或药盒可包含或具有与其相关的以管理药物或生物制品的制造、使用或销售的政府机构规定的形式的通知,该通知反映了该制造、使用或销售机构对用于人施用的批准。
治疗方法
根据本发明的另一个实施方案,提供了治疗患有细胞增殖性疾病(特别是癌症)的个体的方法,其包括向所述个体施用有效量的至少一种根据式I的化合物或其可药用盐,单独或与可药用载体组合。
根据本发明的另一个实施方案,提供了在患有癌症的个体中诱导癌细胞(优选肿瘤细胞)凋亡的方法,其包括向所述个体施用有效量的至少一种根据式I的化合物或其可药用盐,单独或与可药用载体组合。
本发明还涉及式I化合物或其可药用盐在医学中的用途。
本发明还涉及用于治疗增殖性疾病或用于诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的式I化合物及其可药用盐。
本发明还涉及用于治疗增殖性疾病或用于诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的包含式I化合物或其可药用盐的药物。
本发明还涉及式I化合物或其可药用盐在制备用于在患有癌症的个体中治疗细胞增殖性疾病(特别是癌症)或诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的药物中的用途。
根据本发明的化合物可施用于患有细胞增殖性疾病(例如癌症、恶性和良性肿瘤、血管增殖性疾病、自身免疫病和纤维化疾病)的个体(哺乳动物,包括动物和人)。在本发明的一个具体实施方案中,所治疗的个体、对象或患者是人。
认为所述化合物针对广泛的肿瘤类型有效,所述肿瘤类型包括但不限于以下:卵巢癌;宫颈癌;乳腺癌;前列腺癌;睾丸癌、肺癌、肾癌;结直肠癌;皮肤癌;脑癌;白血病,包括急性髓性白血病、慢性髓性白血病、急性淋巴性白血病和慢性淋巴性白血病;淋巴瘤,包括B细胞淋巴瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤和套细胞淋巴瘤。
更具体地,可通过本发明的化合物、组合物和方法治疗的癌症包括但不限于以下:
乳腺癌,包括例如导管癌、小管癌、髓样癌、黏液癌、乳头状癌和筛状癌;
心脏癌,包括例如肉瘤,例如血管肉瘤、纤维肉瘤、横纹肌肉瘤和脂肪肉瘤;黏液瘤;横纹肌瘤;纤维瘤;脂肪瘤和畸胎瘤;
肺癌,包括例如支气管癌,例如鳞状细胞癌、未分化小细胞癌、未分化大细胞癌和腺癌;肺泡癌和细支气管癌;支气管腺瘤;肉瘤;淋巴瘤;软骨瘤性错构瘤和间皮瘤;
胃肠道癌,包括例如食管癌,例如鳞状细胞癌、腺癌、平滑肌肉瘤和淋巴瘤;胃癌,例如上皮癌、淋巴瘤和平滑肌肉瘤;胰腺癌,例如导管腺癌、胰岛素瘤、胰高血糖素瘤、胃泌素瘤、类癌瘤和血管活性肠肽瘤;小肠癌,例如腺癌、淋巴瘤、类癌瘤、卡波西肉瘤、平滑肌瘤、血管瘤、脂肪瘤、神经纤维瘤和纤维瘤;大肠癌,例如腺癌、管状腺瘤、绒毛状腺瘤、错构瘤和平滑肌瘤;
泌尿生殖道癌,包括例如肾癌,例如腺癌、维尔姆瘤(Wilm’s tumor)(肾母细胞瘤(nephroblastoma))、淋巴瘤和白血病;膀胱癌和尿道癌,例如鳞状细胞癌、移行细胞癌和腺癌;前列腺癌,例如腺癌和肉瘤;睾丸癌,例如精原细胞瘤、畸胎瘤、胚胎癌、畸胎癌、绒毛膜癌、肉瘤、间质细胞癌、纤维瘤、纤维腺瘤、腺瘤样瘤和脂肪瘤;
肝癌,包括例如肝细胞瘤,例如肝细胞癌;胆管癌;肝母细胞瘤;血管肉瘤;肝细胞腺瘤和血管瘤;
骨癌,包括例如成骨肉瘤(骨肉瘤)、纤维肉瘤、恶性纤维组织细胞瘤、软骨肉瘤、尤因肉瘤、恶性淋巴瘤(网状细胞肉瘤(reticulum cell sarcoma))、多发性骨髓瘤、恶性巨细胞瘤脊索瘤、骨软骨瘤(骨软骨性外生骨疣(osteocartilaginous exostose))、良性软骨瘤、软骨母细胞瘤、软骨黏液纤维瘤(chondromyxofibroma)、骨样骨瘤和巨细胞瘤;
神经系统癌,包括例如颅癌,例如骨瘤、血管瘤、肉芽肿、黄瘤和畸形性骨炎(osteitis deformans);脑膜癌,例如脑膜瘤、脑膜肉瘤(meningiosarcoma)和神经胶质瘤病;脑癌,例如星形细胞瘤、髓母细胞瘤、神经胶质瘤、室管膜瘤、生殖细胞瘤(松果体瘤)、多形性胶质母细胞瘤、少突神经胶质瘤、神经鞘瘤、视网膜母细胞瘤和先天性肿瘤;以及脊髓癌,例如神经纤维瘤、脑膜瘤、神经胶质瘤和肉瘤;
妇科癌症,包括例如子宫癌,例如子宫内膜癌;宫颈癌,例如宫颈癌和癌前宫颈发育异常;卵巢癌,例如卵巢癌,包括浆液性囊腺癌、黏液性囊腺癌、未分类癌、视锥-泡膜细胞瘤(cone-thecal cell tumor)、支持-间质细胞瘤(Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor)、无性细胞瘤和恶性畸胎瘤;外阴癌,例如鳞状细胞癌、上皮内癌、腺癌、纤维肉瘤和黑素瘤;阴道癌,例如透明细胞癌、鳞状细胞癌、葡萄状肉瘤和胚胎性横纹肌肉瘤;输卵管癌,例如上皮癌;
血液学癌症,包括例如血液癌症,例如急性髓性白血病、慢性髓性白血病、急性成淋巴细胞白血病、慢性淋巴细胞性白血病、骨髓增殖性疾病、多发性骨髓瘤和骨髓发育异常综合征、霍奇金淋巴瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤(恶性淋巴瘤)和瓦尔登斯特伦巨球蛋白血症(macroglobulinemia);
皮肤癌,包括例如恶性黑素瘤、基底细胞癌、鳞状细胞癌、卡波西肉瘤、痣发育异常痣(moles dysplastic nevi)、脂肪瘤、血管瘤、皮肤纤维瘤、瘢痕疙瘩、银屑病;以及
肾上腺癌,包括例如神经母细胞瘤。
癌症可以是可转移或可不转移的实体瘤。像白血病一样,癌症也可作为弥漫组织发生。因此,本文中提供的术语“肿瘤细胞”包括受以上说明的疾病中的任一种折磨的细胞。
还认为所述化合物可用于治疗非癌性细胞增殖性疾病,即以良性适应证为特征的细胞增殖性疾病。这样的疾病也可称为“细胞增殖性”或“过度增殖性”的,因为细胞是由身体以非典型升高的速率产生的。认为可通过根据本发明的化合物治疗的非癌性细胞增殖性疾病包括,例如:新生儿血管瘤病、继发进展型多发性硬化、动脉粥样硬化、慢性进行性骨髓退行性疾病、神经纤维瘤病、神经节瘤病、瘢痕疙瘩形成、骨的佩吉特病、乳腺纤维囊性病、子宫纤维样、佩伦涅病、掌肌膜孪缩症、再狭窄、良性增殖性乳腺疾病、良性前列腺增生、X连锁淋巴细胞增殖性疾病(邓肯病(Duncan disease))、移植后淋巴细胞增殖性疾病(post-transplantation lymphocellular proliferative disorder,PTLD)、黄斑变性和视网膜病变,例如糖尿病性视网膜病变和增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变(proliferativevitreoretinopathy,PVR)。
认为可通过根据本发明的化合物治疗的其他非癌性细胞增殖性疾病包括与进展为癌性疾病的风险升高相关的癌前淋巴增殖性细胞的存在。许多非癌性淋巴细胞增殖性疾病与潜在的病毒感染(例如EB病毒(Epstein-Barr virus,EBV)和丙型肝炎)有关。这些疾病通常以良性病理状况开始,并随时间进展成淋巴样赘生物形成。
获得性抗性癌症和组合治疗
根据本发明的一个实施方案,可将式I化合物及其可药用盐施用于具有对一种或更多种特定抗癌剂具有抗性的肿瘤细胞的抗药性癌症患者。
根据本发明的另一个实施方案,可将式I化合物及其可药用盐在施用另一癌症药剂之前、同时或之后施用于癌症患者。
可针对其产生抗性和/或可与式I化合物及其可药用盐组合使用的抗癌剂的一些实例包括:细胞毒剂、化学治疗剂(包括烷化剂、抗代谢物、蒽环类、生物碱、拓扑异构酶抑制剂、单克隆抗体等)、CDK4/6抑制剂(包括帕博西尼)、包含含有EPO(内源性、重组和/或合成的EPO)的ESA的红细胞发生调节剂、依泊汀α(epoetin alfa)、普罗克瑞、阿法依泊汀(Epogen)、依泊汀β、阿法达贝泊(darbepoetin alfa)和/或甲氧基聚乙二醇-依泊汀β;DNA甲基转移酶抑制剂(包括阿扎胞苷、地西他滨、5-氟-2’-脱氧胞苷、5,6-二氢-5-氮杂胞苷、泽布拉林(zebularine)、法扎拉滨(fazarabine)、肼苯哒嗪(hydralizine)、普鲁卡因(procaine)、普鲁卡因酰胺、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯、psammaplin A或(S)-2-(1,3-二氧代-1,3-二氢-异吲哚-2-基)-3-(1H-吲哚-3-基)-丙酸或其可药用盐)、免疫调节剂(例如来那度胺(lenalidomide))等。
患者癌症对特定治疗应答的失败可由以下两个普遍原因之一引起:宿主因素和癌细胞中特定的遗传或表观遗传改变。宿主因素包括:药物的吸收不良或者代谢或排泄迅速,导致血清水平低;对药物作用的耐受性差,尤其是在老年患者中,导致需要将剂量降低至低于最佳水平;不能将药物递送至肿瘤部位,如可发生在大块的肿瘤或者高分子量和低组织渗透性的生物制剂(例如单克隆抗体和免疫毒素)的情况下。另外,宿主肿瘤环境中的多种变化都可影响肿瘤对癌症治疗的响应,这些影响包括正常细胞对药物的局部代谢、肿瘤血液供应的异常和/或异常特征,其可影响肿瘤内药物的转运时间等。
本发明的药物组合物和所要求保护的治疗方案通过提高对抗癌剂或治疗的耐受性或抗性有效克服了癌症治疗中的一个或更多个上述障碍。因此,本发明的方法提供了用于有效的癌症治疗以对抗和击败癌症患者中的抗药性的另外的工具。
多药抗性是许多癌症对化学治疗药物产生抗性的主要机制,其是许多形式的化学治疗的失败的主要因素。其影响患有多种血液癌症和实体瘤的患者。肿瘤通常由混合的恶性细胞群组成,其中一些是药物敏感性的,而另一些是抗药性的。化学治疗可破坏药物敏感性细胞,但会留下更高比例的抗药性细胞。随着肿瘤开始再次生长,化学治疗可能会失败,因为现在剩下的肿瘤细胞是抗药性的。
对治疗的抗性与肿瘤细胞膜中至少两种分子“泵”的存在相关,所述分子“泵”从内部主动排出化学治疗药物。这允许肿瘤细胞避免药物或分子过程在细胞核或细胞质内的毒性作用。通常发现在癌症中具有化学抗性的两种泵是P-糖蛋白和所谓的多药抗性相关蛋白(multidrug resistance-associated protein,MRP)。由于其功能和重要性,其是数种抗癌努力的靶标。
根据一个实施方案,本发明的组合物和方法克服了对DNA甲基转移酶抑制剂、ESA、或其组合的抗性。
本发明的方法和组合物可用于治疗癌症和与癌症相关的贫血,特别是在已获得对外源性促红细胞生成素(EPO)的抗性的患者中。对外源性EPO的抗性与提高的死亡风险相关。癌症患者中的贫血是通过许多不同的作用机制和途径引起的,其可以是癌细胞在体内的直接作用,是癌细胞的生物活性产物的结果,或者是癌症治疗的结果。贫血和血液癌症的进展之间也存在关联。贫血的主要原因是促红细胞生成素(EPO)的产生缺乏、铁缺乏和具有内源性EPO抗性的慢性疾病。多至10%的接受EPO的患者对治疗反应低下,并且需要大剂量的药剂。促炎性细胞因子通过对红系祖细胞产生抑制作用并破坏铁代谢来拮抗EPO的作用。参见美国专利8,664,272 B2。
本发明还提供了药包或药盒,其包含一个或更多个填充有本发明药物组合物的一种或更多种成分的容器。与这样的容器任选地相关联的可以是以管理药物或生物制品的制造、使用或销售的政府机构规定的形式的通知,该通知反映了该制造、使用或销售机构对用于人施用的批准。
通过以下实施例对本发明进行进一步举例说明,这些实施例不应以任何方式解释为对本发明的范围施加限制。相反,应清楚地理解,可寻求多个其他实施方案、其修改方案和等同方案,其在本领域技术人员阅读本文中的说明之后可以是明显的而不脱离本发明的精神和/或所附权利要求书的范围。
实施例
实施例1:8-环戊基-7-氧代-2-(4-哌嗪-1-基-苯基氨基)-7,8-二氢吡啶并[2,3-
d]嘧啶-6-腈(ON 1232580)的合成
式I化合物的合成方案
4-[4-(6-氰基-8-环戊基-7-氧代-7,8-二氢-吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-2-基氨基)-苯基]-哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯(ON 1232570)的合成:
将4-(4-氨基苯基)-哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯(1.2g,3.96mmol)溶解在甲苯(25mL)中,并搅拌10分钟。将8-环戊基-2-甲烷亚磺酰基-7-氧代-7,8-二氢-吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-6-腈(1.0g,3.31mmol)添加至上述溶液,用10mL甲苯洗涤烧瓶,并加热至70至80℃并维持4小时。在通过质谱监测反应完成之后,将反应混合物冷却至室温,并放置过夜。将所形成的固体过滤,用甲苯(20mL)洗涤,并在真空下干燥。产率:1.56g(91%)。
1H NMR(300Hz,CDCl3):δ1.51(s,9H,3X CH3),1.64(br s,4H,2XCH2),1.88(br s,2H,CH2),2.30(br s,2H,CH2),3.01(t,4H,J=10.2,7.5Hz,2X CH2),3.63(t,4H,J=5.4,4.8Hz,2X CH2),5.86(t,1H,J=8.4,8.1Hz,CH),6.98(d,2H,J=9.0Hz,Ar-H),7.47(d,2H,J=9.0Hz,Ar-H),7.98(s,1H,Ar-H)和8.58(s,1H,Ar-H.质量:m/z 516.10
8-环戊基-7-氧代-2-(4-哌嗪-1-基-苯基氨基)-7,8-二氢-吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-6-腈三氟乙酸盐(ON 1232580)的合成:
将4-[4-(6-氰基-8-环戊基-7-氧代-7,8-二氢-吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-2-基-氨基)-苯基]-哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯(0.75g,14.5mmol)溶解在二氯甲烷(90mL)中,并冷却至0℃。对于在搅拌下冷却的溶液,在30分钟的时间内将溶解在30mL二氯甲烷中的19.41g(170.23mmol)的三氟乙酸缓慢添加至冷却的溶液,并在0℃下维持4小时。在通过质谱监测反应完成之后,在真空下在室温下蒸发溶剂,并将残余物用乙醚(100mL)稀释,并在0℃下搅拌15分钟。将所形成的固体过滤,用乙醚(50mL)洗涤,并在真空下干燥,并原样用于下一步骤。粗产率:0.85g(定量)。
1H NMR(300Hz,D2O):δ1.38(br s,4H,2X CH2),1.68(br s,4H,2X CH2),3.12(brs,4H,2X CH2),3.28(br s,4H,2X CH2),5.03(br s,1H,CH),6.37(br s,2H,Ar-H),6.66(d,2H,J=7.5Hz,Ar-H),7.71(s,1H,Ar-H)和8.12(s,1H,Ar-H).
质量:m/z 416.10(质谱显示为游离碱)
作为游离碱8-环戊基-7-氧代-2-(4-哌嗪-1-基-苯基氨基)-7,8-二氢-吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-6-腈的式I化合物(ON 1232580游离碱)的合成:
将8-环戊基-7-氧代-2-(4-哌嗪-1-基-苯基氨基)-7,8-二氢-吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-6-腈三氟乙酸(0.045g)溶解在水(15mL)中,并搅拌10分钟。将溶解的溶液过滤并冷却至0℃。添加7%氢氧化钠溶液(6至7滴),直到溶液的pH调节至7.0至7.5,并将溶液在0℃下维持1小时。将所形成的固体过滤,用水(5mL)洗涤,并在真空下干燥,并放置过夜。产率:0.020g(57.1%)。
1H NMR(300Hz,DMSO-d6):δ1.57(br s,2H,CH2),1.79(br s,4H,2X CH2),2.20(brs,2H,CH2),2.84(br s,4H,2X CH2),3.02(br s,4H,2X CH2),5.73(br s,1H,CH),6.94(d,2H,J=8.1Hz,Ar-H),7.49(d,2H,J=8.7Hz,Ar-H),8.53(s,1H,Ar-H),8.78(s,1H,Ar-H)和10.38(br s,1H,NH).
质量:m/z 416.10
实施例2:8-环戊基-7-氧代-2-(4-哌嗪-1-基-苯基氨基)-7,8-二氢吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-6-腈(ON 123580)的激酶抑制
帕博西尼具有以下结构:
根据国立癌症研究所(National Cancer Institute),帕博西尼是可经口利用的吡啶并嘧啶来源的周期蛋白依赖性激酶(CDK)抑制剂,其具有潜在的抗肿瘤活性。特别地,帕博西尼选择性抑制周期蛋白依赖性激酶(特别是Cdk4/周期蛋白D1激酶),这可抑制视网膜母细胞瘤(Rb)蛋白磷酸化,这阻止了Rb阳性肿瘤细胞进入细胞周期的S期(在G1期停滞)。这导致了DNA复制的抑制和肿瘤细胞增殖的降低。
测试了表1中的化合物抑制所列蛋白激酶的激酶活性的能力。在以100μM起始的10倍系列稀释的情况下,以6剂量的IC50模式测试化合物。作为对照,在以20μM起始的4倍系列稀释的情况下,以10剂量的IC50模式测试已知的蛋白激酶抑制剂星形孢菌素(Staurosporine)。反应在10μM ATP中进行。基于可获得的最佳曲线拟合,对小于1nM或大于100μM的IC50值进行估计。
表1:
化合物IC50(M)
激酶 | ON 1232580 | 帕博西尼 | 星形孢菌素 |
ABL1 | 2.01E-08 | 2.02E-05 | 5.53E-08 |
ARK5/NUAK1 | 2.28E-09 | 1.91E-06 | 5.24E-10 |
CDK4/周期蛋白D1 | <1.00E-09 | 1.06E-09 | 9.25E-09 |
CDK4/周期蛋白D3 | 2.77E-09 | 3.67E-09 | 2.30E-08 |
CDK6/周期蛋白D1 | <1.00E-09 | 5.00E-10 | 3.87E-09 |
CDK6/周期蛋白D3 | 2.97E-09 | 3.87E-09 | 2.92E-08 |
CDK9/周期蛋白K | 8.06E-09 | 2.52E-07 | 1.05E-08 |
FGFR1 | 3.09E-08 | 2.14E-05 | 4.91E-09 |
FLT3 | 4.25E-09 | 7.79E-07 | 9.11E-10 |
FLT4/VEGFR3 | 6.97E-09 | 1.72E-05 | 1.63E-09 |
FYN | 3.29E-08 | 1.89E-05 | 1.32E-09 |
PDGFRb | 6.12E-09 | 5.33E-05 | 1.41E-09 |
PKG2/PRKG2 | >1.00E-04 | 3.03E-09 | |
RET | 8.13E-09 | 7.25E-06 | 2.92E-09 |
空单元格表示没有抑制或者化合物活性不拟合IC50曲线
缩写:ABL1=Abelson酪氨酸蛋白激酶1;ARK5=AMPK相关蛋白激酶5;CDK=周期蛋白依赖性激酶;FGFR1=成纤维细胞生长因子受体1;FLT3=fms样酪氨酸激酶3;FLT4=fms样酪氨酸激酶4;VEGFR3=血管内皮生长因子受体3;FYN=fyn酪氨酸蛋白激酶;PDGFRb=血小板源性生长因子受体β;PGK2=蛋白激酶G2;RET=受体酪氨酸激酶
如从表1中所观察的,与帕博西尼相比,ON 1232580具有显著不同的蛋白激酶抑制谱,并且作为针对例如ARK5、CDK9/周期蛋白K和CDK6/周期蛋白D3的多特异性蛋白激酶抑制剂,其出乎意料地更强效。
实施例3:癌细胞系中的细胞毒性测定,比较了8-环戊基-7-氧代-2-(4-哌嗪-1-
基-苯基氨基)-7,8-二氢吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-6-腈(ON 123580)与作为对照细胞毒剂的顺
铂的活性
在四种癌细胞系中测试了化合物:DU 145(人前列腺癌)、GRANTA-519(人B细胞淋巴瘤)、HeLa(人宫颈癌)和K-562(人慢性髓细胞性白血病)。出乎意料地,ON 123580在所有四种细胞系中(包括针对人B细胞淋巴瘤细胞)均是强效的细胞毒剂。
试剂和材料:
胎牛血清(Fetal Bovine Serum,FBS),(Cat#FND500,ExCell Bio.储存在-20℃下)
96孔透明平底黑色聚苯乙烯TC处理的微板(Cat#3340,Corning)
包括:
发光细胞生存力测定是基于对所存在的ATP(其作为存在代谢活性细胞的信号)的定量来确定培养物中活细胞数目的均相方法。均相测定程序包括将单一试剂(试剂)直接添加至在补充有血清的培养基中培养的细胞。均相的“添加-混合-测量”格式导致细胞裂解和与所存在的ATP量成比例的发光信号的产生。ATP的量与培养物中存在的细胞数目成正比。该测定产生由萤光素酶反应产生的发光信号。
试剂制备
a.将CellTiter-Glo缓冲液解冻,并在使用之前平衡至室温。为方便起见,可在使用之前将CellTiter-Glo缓冲液解冻并在室温下储存多至48小时。
b.在使用之前,将冻干的CellTiter-Glo底物平衡至室温。
c.将适当体积(100mL)的CellTiter-Glo缓冲液转移到含有CellTiter-Glo底物的琥珀色瓶中,以重构冻干的酶/底物混合物。这形成了CellTiter-Glo试剂。
注意:可将CellTiter-Glo缓冲液瓶的全部液体体积添加至CellTiter-Glo底物小瓶。
d.通过轻轻涡旋、旋转或通过使内容物颠倒进行混合,以获得均质溶液。
CellTiter-Glo底物应在少于一分钟内容易地成为溶液。
半数最大抑制浓度IC50的确定:
1.在对数生长期期间收获细胞,并使用Count-star对细胞数目进行计数。
2.用相应的培养基将细胞浓度调节为4.44×104个细胞/mL。
3.将90μL细胞悬液添加至两个96孔板(板A和B),使最终细胞密度为4×103个细胞/孔(根据数据库或密度优化测定调节细胞浓度)。
第二天:对于T0读取板:
1)向A板的每个孔添加10μL培养基用于T0读取。
2)在室温下使板及其内容物平衡约30分钟。
3)向每个孔添加50μL CellTiter-Glo(CTG)试剂。
4)在轨道振荡器上将内容物混合5分钟以诱导细胞裂解。
5)使板在室温下孵育20分钟以稳定发光信号。
注意:标准板内不均匀的发光信号可由温度梯度、细胞接种不均匀或多孔板中的边缘效应而引起。
6)使用EnVision多标签读取仪记录发光(T0)。
对于测试读取板:
1)制备测试制品的10×溶液(最高工作浓度:培养基中100μM的测试制品,3.16倍系列稀释,达到9个剂量水平。DMSO中起始药物浓度为40mM,而最终稀释药物浓度为4μM)
2)制备10×参考对照溶液顺铂(最高工作浓度:培养基中100μM,3.16倍系列稀释(起始顺铂(来自Hospira Australia)浓度为3.33mM),而在细胞培养基中最终稀释药物浓度为100nM))。
3)在板B的每个孔中分配测试制品和参考对照二者的10μL(10×)药物溶液(对于每个药物浓度一式三份)(培养基中DMSO的最终浓度:0.25%[v/v])。
4)将测试板B在37℃下在5%CO2下的湿润培养箱中孵育72小时,并随后通过CTG测定进行测量。
5)在室温下使板及其内容物平衡约30分钟。
6)向每个孔添加50μL CellTiter-Glo试剂。
7)在轨道振荡器上将内容物混合5分钟以诱导细胞裂解。
8)使板在室温下孵育20分钟以稳定发光信号。
注意:标准板内不均匀的发光信号可由温度梯度、细胞接种不均匀或多孔板中的边缘效应而引起。
9)记录发光。
为了计算绝对IC50(EC50),使用具有S形剂量响应的非线性回归模型拟合剂量响应曲线。用于计算存活率的计算式如下所示,并且根据由GraphPad Prism 5.0生成的剂量响应曲线来计算绝对IC50(EC50)。
存活率(%)=(Lum测试制品-Lum培养基对照)/(Lum未经处理-Lum培养基对照)×100%
表2中总结了IC50(导致50%细胞被杀伤的药物浓度)。
表2. 4种细胞系中绝对IC50和最大抑制的总结
出乎意料地,ON 1232580是GRANTA-519细胞(其是B细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤(套细胞)细胞系)的强效杀伤剂。相比之下,顺铂对GRANTA-519细胞不是很有毒性。如表2所示,ON1232580也是DU 145细胞(前列腺癌)、HeLa细胞(宫颈癌)和K-562细胞(人髓细胞性白血病)的强效抑制剂。
本文中引用的所有参考文献,包括专利、专利申请和出版物,均通过引用在此整体并入,无论先前是否明确地并入。
在以上各个部分中提及的本发明的多个特征和实施方案经必要修改后适当应用于其他部分。因此,可适当地将一个部分中指定的特征与在其他部分中指定的特征组合。
一些具体实施方案的前述描述提供了充分的信息使得其他人员可通过应用目前知识针对不同应用容易地对这样的具体实施方案进行修改或调整而不脱离一般概念,并且因此这样的调整和修改应当且旨在包含在所公开实施方案的等同方案的含义和范围内。应理解的是,本文中使用的短语或术语是出于描述而非限制的目的。在附图和说明书中已经公开了一些示例性实施方案,并且尽管可能已经使用了特定的术语,但是除非另作声明,否则其仅以一般性和描述性含义使用,而非出于限制目的,权利要求书的范围因此并不局限于此。此外,本领域技术人员将理解,本文中所讨论方法的某些步骤可以以可替选顺序来排序或步骤可进行组合。因此,这意味着所附权利要求书并不限于本文中所公开的具体实施方案。本领域技术人员将认识到或能够仅使用常规实验就确定本文中所述的本发明实施方案的许多等同方案。这样的等同方案涵盖在所附权利要求书中。
Claims (17)
3.治疗由异常细胞增殖介导的病症的方法,其包括向有此需要的对象施用有效量的权利要求1所述的化合物及其可药用盐。
4.权利要求3所述的方法,其中所述病症是癌症,并且所述对象是人。
5.权利要求4所述的方法,其中所述癌症选自卵巢癌、宫颈癌、子宫癌、阴道癌、乳腺癌、前列腺癌、睾丸癌、肺癌、肾癌、结直肠癌、胃癌、肾上腺癌、口腔癌、食管癌、肝癌、胆囊癌、骨癌、白血病、淋巴癌、眼癌、皮肤癌和脑癌。
6.权利要求5所述的方法,其中所述癌症选自急性髓性白血病、慢性髓性白血病、急性淋巴性白血病和慢性淋巴性白血病。
7.权利要求3所述的方法,其中所述癌症是淋巴瘤。
8.权利要求7所述的方法,其中所述淋巴瘤是非霍奇金B细胞淋巴瘤。
9.权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述淋巴瘤是套细胞淋巴瘤。
10.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其中所述对象是人,并且所述细胞增殖性疾病选自新生儿血管瘤病、继发进展型多发性硬化、动脉粥样硬化、慢性进行性骨髓退行性疾病、神经纤维瘤病、神经节瘤病、瘢痕疙瘩形成、骨的佩吉特病、乳腺纤维囊性病、子宫纤维样、佩伦涅病、掌肌膜孪缩症、再狭窄、良性增殖性乳腺疾病、良性前列腺增生、X连锁淋巴细胞增殖性疾病、移植后淋巴细胞增殖性疾病、黄斑变性、视网膜病变、增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变和非癌性淋巴细胞增殖性疾病。
11.在哺乳动物中抑制激酶活性的方法,其包括向需要这样的治疗的患者施用治疗有效量的权利要求1所述的化合物或其可药用盐。
12.权利要求11所述的方法,其中所述患者是患有乳腺癌、多发性骨髓瘤、B细胞淋巴瘤、前列腺癌或宫颈癌的人。
13.在患有癌症的个体中诱导癌细胞凋亡的方法,其包括向所述个体施用有效量的权利要求1所述的化合物或其盐。
14.权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述个体是患有癌症的人,所述癌症选自乳腺癌、多发性骨髓瘤、B细胞淋巴瘤、前列腺癌和宫颈癌。
15.权利要求5所述的方法,其中所述癌症选自乳腺癌、多发性骨髓瘤、B细胞淋巴瘤、前列腺癌和宫颈癌。
16.权利要求5所述的方法,其中所述癌症是乳腺癌。
17.权利要求16所述的方法,其中所述癌症是激素受体阳性、人表皮生长因子受体2阴性的晚期或转移性乳腺癌。
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