CN112967826A - Oil energy storage decoupling power generation system and method for fusion reactor - Google Patents
Oil energy storage decoupling power generation system and method for fusion reactor Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
- G21D5/00—Arrangements of reactor and engine in which reactor-produced heat is converted into mechanical energy
- G21D5/04—Reactor and engine not structurally combined
- G21D5/08—Reactor and engine not structurally combined with engine working medium heated in a heat exchanger by the reactor coolant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
Abstract
The invention provides an oil energy storage decoupling power generation system and a power generation method for a fusion reactor, wherein the oil energy storage decoupling power generation system comprises a primary loop, an energy storage loop and a secondary loop; the loop comprises a fusion reactor and a heat storage heat exchanger connected to a high-temperature water outlet of the fusion reactor, and a cold water outlet of the heat storage heat exchanger is connected with a water inlet of the fusion reactor; the energy storage loop comprises a hot oil storage tank, a steam generator and a cold oil storage tank which are sequentially connected with a hot oil outlet of the heat storage heat exchanger, and a cold oil outlet of the cold oil storage tank is connected with a cold oil inlet of the heat storage heat exchanger; the steam outlet of the steam generator is connected with the two loops; and a cold water outlet of the heat storage heat exchanger is connected with a water inlet of the fusion reactor through a loop water pump. The oil energy storage decoupling power generation system for the fusion reactor has high operation continuity, safety and stability, so that the fusion reactor has continuous and stable output capacity, the stability of steam parameters of the two loops is ensured, the continuous and stable output of a steam turbine generator is further ensured, and the power generation quality is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of nuclear energy technology application, in particular to an oil energy storage decoupling power generation system and a power generation method for a fusion reactor.
Background
A fusion reactor, namely a nuclear fusion reactor, is a novel nuclear reactor type which combines two atomic nuclei with smaller mass into a new nucleus with larger mass under the conditions of high temperature, high pressure and high density and can release huge energy during reaction. Nuclear fusion (nuc least fusion), also known as nuclear fusion, fusion reaction or thermonuclear reaction. The nucleus is formed by atoms with small mass, mainly deuterium/tritium, under a certain condition (such as ultrahigh temperature, high pressure, high density-triple product condition), electrons outside the nucleus can get rid of the constraint of the nucleus only under the extremely high temperature and pressure, two nuclei can attract each other and collide together, mutual polymerization of the nuclei is generated, new nuclei with heavier mass (such as helium) are generated, and a large number of electrons and neutrons are released by escaping from the constraint of the nuclei in the collision process, and meanwhile huge energy is released.
Controllable nuclear fusion refers to light nuclear fusion which is controllably generated and carried out in a certain restricted area. The nuclear fusion has the outstanding advantages of high energy density, cleanness, abundant fuel, high safety and the like, wherein the controllable nuclear fusion, commonly called as 'artificial little sun', is the ultimate energy developed and utilized by human beings in the future. The main controlled nuclear fusion modes in the prior art are as follows: magnetic confinement nuclear fusion (tokamak), laser confinement (inertial confinement) nuclear fusion, ultrasonic nuclear fusion and the like, and the controllable nuclear fusion reaction device with higher feasibility is the tokamak device at present.
Tokamak (Tokamak), a cyclic vessel that utilizes magnetic confinement to achieve controlled nuclear fusion. Its name Tokamak, from toroidal (toroidal), vacuum chamber (kamera), magnetic (magnit), coil (kotushka), was first invented in the 50 s of the 20 th century by azimoweiqi et al, the coulter toff institute, located in sotemoca. The center of the tokamak is an annular vacuum chamber, a coil is wound outside the tokamak, a huge spiral magnetic field can be generated inside the tokamak when the tokamak is electrified, plasma in the cavity is restrained and heated, and when triple product conditions (temperature, pressure and density) are met, controllable fusion reaction can be generated.
In the process of nuclear fusion reaction, the heat generated by nuclear fusion needs to be cooled continuously; the nuclear fusion reactor is specifically set as a fusion reactor cladding, which is a protective cooling layer surrounding the outer layer of the reactor in the nuclear fusion reactor and has the function of continuously cooling the fusion reactor and bringing out the heat of the reactor. Among them, there are various clad cooling mediums according to the form of coolant, and among them, the water-cooled clad and the helium-cooled clad are mainly considered in the field of power generation, that is, water and oil are respectively used as cooling mediums.
Fusion reactor power generation refers to a technology of converting heat generated by nuclear fusion reaction into electric power, namely a technology of transmitting reaction heat of nuclear fusion by using a fusion reactor cladding circulating cooling medium, heating water by a heat exchanger and converting the water into steam with higher parameters, and then driving a steam turbine to generate power by the steam.
The heat conducting oil is used for indirectly transferring heat, and is a special oil product with good thermal stability. Common energy storage and heat transfer heat conduction oil is mostly synthetic oil type, i.e. formed by mixing various oil products, such as biphenyl-biphenyl ether type, hydrogenated tribiphenyl type, dibenzyltoluene type, alkylbenzene type and the like, and generally the highest working temperature range is 300-400 ℃, and the freezing point is below-10 ℃.
Fusion reactions currently take various forms, including deuterium-deuterium (D-D) reaction, deuterium-tritium (D-T) reaction, deuterium-helium 3(D-He3) reaction, etc., and fusion is currently generally regarded as the (D-T) reaction being the most easily achieved fusion reaction because it requires the lowest triple product, i.e., the required reaction conditions are most easily achieved, which is the current mainstream scientific research application, such as experimental research and engineering applications of controllable fusion reactors.
The engineering application range of nuclear fusion is very wide, and the feasibility of engineering application is being explored, wherein fusion reactor power generation is a key focus field. Because the control technology of the fusion reactor is not mature and still in the research stage, the reaction requirement of the fusion reactor is extremely strict, the controllability or stability of the fusion reactor has certain problems, and certain difficulty is brought to the power generation application of the fusion reactor.
At present, the cladding design of nuclear fusion mainly considers a water-cooled cladding and a helium-cooled cladding, namely water or helium is adopted as a cooling medium of nuclear fusion to carry out heat generated by the nuclear fusion. The heat can be passed through a heat exchanger to convert water to steam and send the steam to a steam turbine to produce work and thereby generate electricity. The fusion reactor adopts water as a cladding cooling medium, and the temperature range of the medium is 290-325 ℃; if helium is adopted as a cladding cooling medium, the temperature of the helium medium is 290-600 ℃.
In the prior art, the energy output characteristic of the fusion reactor adopting the Tokamak is difficult to match with the operation requirement of a conventional generator set, and the requirement on the stability of a power grid cannot be met. Moreover, the pulsed output characteristics of the fusion reactor (tokmak) are difficult to change fundamentally within a certain period of time. And has the following disadvantages: the fusion reactor has the characteristic of discontinuous energy output, and the characteristic ensures that a steam turbine generator cannot ensure continuous and stable output and has poorer power generation quality; the fusion reactor outputs discontinuously, so that the fluctuation of steam parameters of the two loops is large, the conventional steam turbine generator unit is difficult to apply, special design or transformation is required, and the equipment cost is high. In addition, the long-term operation state affects the safe operation of the turbonator, causes great impact on power generation equipment, shortens the service life of the equipment and also causes later-stage equipment operation and maintenance management cost; the fusion reactor outputs periodically, the power generation load of the generator set also changes periodically, and huge oscillation impact is formed on a power grid, so that the instability of the power grid can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide an oil energy storage decoupling power generation system for fusion reactor; another object of the present invention is to provide a power generation method for an oil energy storage decoupling power generation system of a fusion reactor.
The technical scheme of the oil energy storage decoupling power generation system for the fusion reactor is as follows:
an oil energy storage decoupling power generation system for a fusion reactor comprises a primary loop, an energy storage loop and two loops;
the loop comprises a fusion reactor and a heat storage heat exchanger connected to a high-temperature water outlet of the fusion reactor, and a cold water outlet of the heat storage heat exchanger is connected with a water inlet of the fusion reactor;
the energy storage loop comprises a hot oil storage tank, a steam generator and a cold oil storage tank which are sequentially connected with a hot oil outlet of the heat storage heat exchanger, and a cold oil outlet of the cold oil storage tank is connected with a cold oil inlet of the heat storage heat exchanger;
the steam outlet of the steam generator is connected with the second loop;
high-temperature water generated when the fusion reactor works flows to the heat storage heat exchanger, cold oil in the cold oil storage tank enters the heat storage heat exchanger to exchange heat with the high-temperature water to form hot oil, the hot oil enters the hot oil storage tank of the energy storage loop, part of the hot oil in the hot oil storage tank is stored in the hot oil storage tank to store energy, and the other part of the hot oil in the hot oil storage tank enters the steam generator to exchange heat with cold water in the second loop;
when the fusion reactor stops intermittently, part of hot oil retained in the hot oil storage tank enters a steam generator to exchange heat with water in the secondary loop, and cold oil formed after heat exchange in the steam generator enters a cold oil storage tank;
and a cold water outlet of the heat storage heat exchanger is connected with a water inlet of the fusion reactor through a loop water pump.
As a preferred scheme, a hot oil pump front valve is arranged at an inlet of the hot oil pump, and a hot oil pump rear valve is arranged at an outlet of the hot oil pump;
a cold oil pump front valve is arranged at the inlet of the cold oil pump, and a cold oil pump rear valve is arranged at the outlet of the cold oil pump;
when the fusion reactor works, the cold oil pump and the hot oil pump are started, the front valve of the hot oil pump and the rear valve of the hot oil pump are both started, cold oil is driven into the heat storage heat exchanger by the cold oil pump to exchange heat to form hot oil, and the hot oil flows into the hot oil storage tank from the heat storage heat exchanger;
when the fusion reactor stops intermittently, the hot oil pump is started, the cold oil pump is stopped, the front valve of the hot oil pump and the rear valve of the hot oil pump are both started, the front valve of the cold oil pump and the rear valve of the cold oil pump are both closed, and hot oil in the hot oil storage tank is driven into the steam generator by the hot oil pump.
A power generation method of an oil energy storage decoupling power generation system for a fusion reactor,
s1, in a first time period, cold oil is driven into the heat storage heat exchanger by a cold oil storage tank and exchanges heat with high-temperature water generated when the fusion reactor works to form hot oil, the hot oil flows into the hot oil storage tank from the heat storage heat exchanger, part of the hot oil in the hot oil storage tank flows into a steam generator, cold water is injected into the steam generator to exchange heat with the hot oil to generate steam, and the steam is transmitted to a second loop to drive a steam turbine to generate electricity; another part of hot oil in the hot oil storage tank is stored in the hot oil storage tank for storing energy;
s2, in the first time period, cold oil formed by heat exchange between the steam generator and cold water flows into a cold oil storage tank for storage;
s3, when the fusion reactor stops intermittently in the second time period, the other part of hot oil in the hot oil storage tank enters a steam generator to exchange heat with cold water in the second loop to generate steam, and the steam is transmitted to the second loop to drive a steam turbine to generate electricity; cold oil formed by heat exchange between the steam generator and cold water flows into a cold oil storage tank for storage;
s4, looping S1 through S3 in sequence.
As a preferred scheme, a hot oil pump front valve is arranged at an inlet of the hot oil pump, and a hot oil pump rear valve is arranged at an outlet of the hot oil pump;
a cold oil pump front valve is arranged at the inlet of the cold oil pump, and a cold oil pump rear valve is arranged at the outlet of the cold oil pump;
when the fusion reactor works, the cold oil pump and the hot oil pump are started, the front valve of the hot oil pump and the rear valve of the hot oil pump are both started, cold oil is driven into the heat storage heat exchanger by the cold oil pump to exchange heat to form hot oil, and the hot oil flows into the hot oil storage tank from the heat storage heat exchanger;
when the fusion reactor stops intermittently, the hot oil pump is started, the cold oil pump is stopped, the front valve of the hot oil pump and the rear valve of the hot oil pump are both started, the front valve of the cold oil pump and the rear valve of the cold oil pump are both closed, and hot oil in the hot oil storage tank is driven into the steam generator by the hot oil pump.
Has the advantages that: the invention relates to an oil energy storage decoupling power generation system for a fusion reactor, which comprises a primary loop, an energy storage loop and a secondary loop; the loop comprises a fusion reactor and a heat storage heat exchanger connected to a hot water outlet of the fusion reactor, and a cold water outlet of the heat storage heat exchanger is connected with a water inlet of the fusion reactor; the steam outlet of the steam generator is connected with the second loop; the energy storage loop comprises a hot oil storage tank, a steam generator and a cold oil storage tank which are sequentially connected with a hot oil outlet of the heat storage heat exchanger, and a cold oil outlet of the cold oil storage tank is connected with a cold oil inlet of the heat storage heat exchanger. Specifically, high-temperature water generated when the fusion reactor works flows to the heat storage heat exchanger, cold oil in the cold oil storage tank enters the heat storage heat exchanger to exchange heat with the high-temperature water to form hot oil, the hot oil enters the hot oil storage tank of the energy storage loop, part of the hot oil in the hot oil storage tank is stored in the hot oil storage tank to store energy, the other part of the hot oil in the hot oil storage tank enters the steam generator to exchange heat with cold water in the second loop to generate steam, and the steam is transmitted to the second loop to drive the steam turbine to generate; when the fusion reactor stops intermittently, part of hot oil reserved in the hot oil storage tank enters the steam generator to exchange heat with water in the second loop, and cold oil formed after heat exchange in the steam generator enters the cold oil storage tank; thus, the purpose of generating power when the fusion reactor stops intermittently is achieved.
The oil energy storage decoupling power generation system for the fusion reactor is suitable for an energy storage system with the intermittent output characteristic of a water-cooled cladding fusion reactor, forms an energy storage power generation technical scheme which is decoupled from a primary circuit and has the advantages of operation continuity, safety and stability, and realizes the application of the water-cooled cladding fusion reactor to the power generation field. According to the technical scheme, the energy storage system adaptive to the energy output characteristic of the fusion reactor and the parameters of the primary loop is adopted, so that the fusion reactor has continuous and stable output capacity, the stability of the steam parameters of the secondary loop is ensured, the continuous and stable output of the steam turbine generator is further ensured, and the power generation quality is improved; the steam turbine generator can adopt conventional unit equipment, special design or transformation is not needed, the equipment purchasing cost and the operation and maintenance cost are reduced while the safety of the equipment is ensured, the service life of the equipment is prevented from being shortened, and the later-stage equipment operation and maintenance management cost is also caused; and the energy storage system can output the periodic output characteristic of the smooth fusion reactor, so that the power generation load of the generator set can be maintained stable, the shock impact of the generator set on a power grid can be avoided, and the power grid access stability is enhanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an oil energy storage decoupled power generation system for a fusion reactor of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the switching of energy storage and energy release of the oil energy storage decoupling power generation system for the fusion reactor.
In the figure: 1. a fusion reactor; 2. a heat storage heat exchanger; 3. a steam generator; 4. a hot oil storage tank; 5. a cold oil storage tank; 6. a hot oil pump; 9. a hot oil pump front valve; 10. a hot oil pump rear valve; 11. a cold oil pump; 14. a cold oil pump front valve; 15. a cold oil pump rear valve; 16. a primary water pump.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. It should be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. are used herein to describe various information, but the information should not be limited to these terms, which are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, "first" information may also be referred to as "second" information, and similarly, "second" information may also be referred to as "first" information, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
In order to achieve the purpose of maintaining stable power generation by adopting a fusion reactor, an energy storage scheme and selection of media need to be considered:
(1) design of energy storage system operation scheme
An energy storage loop is additionally arranged between a primary loop and an original secondary loop in the fusion reactor power generation system, namely, indirect energy transfer is completely carried out through the energy storage loop instead of direct heat exchange between a primary loop medium and a secondary loop medium. When the fusion reactor works, the energy of the fusion reactor is completely stored in the energy storage system, and one part of the energy is directly fed into the steam generator to exchange heat with the two loops; when the fusion reactor stops intermittently, the other part of energy originally stored in the energy storage system is conveyed out and is converted to the two-circuit side through the steam generator. The energy storage mode is relatively independent from a loop, and is decoupling operation, namely an energy storage decoupling system for short.
(2) Energy storage medium selection
Because the energy storage system of this application is designed to the water-cooling covering, need consider the energy storage medium of energy storage system promptly and must satisfy the parameter variation range of a return circuit medium (water), the energy storage medium promptly needs to carry out the heat transfer with a return circuit, then must adapt to a return circuit temperature variation range. The working temperature range of primary loop water of the water-cooled cladding fusion reactor is 290-325 ℃, and the highest working range of the synthesized heat conduction oil can reach 300-400 ℃, so that the temperature change range of the primary loop water can be adapted. The scheme adopts synthetic heat conduction oil, and related scheme descriptions are not specially explained and are all called 'oil' for short.
From the above, in the embodiments of the oil energy storage decoupling power generation system for fusion reactor of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-2, the oil energy storage decoupling power generation system for fusion reactor of the present invention comprises a primary loop, an energy storage loop and a secondary loop; the loop comprises a fusion reactor 1 and a heat storage heat exchanger 2 connected to a hot water outlet of the fusion reactor 1, and an air outlet of the heat storage heat exchanger 2 is connected with an water inlet of the fusion reactor 1; the energy storage loop comprises a hot oil storage tank 4, a steam generator 3 and a cold oil storage tank 5 which are sequentially connected with a hot oil outlet of the heat storage heat exchanger 2, and a cold oil outlet of the cold oil storage tank 5 is connected with a cold oil inlet of the heat storage heat exchanger 2; the steam outlet of the steam generator 3 is connected with the two loops. The hot oil outlet of the heat storage heat exchanger 2 is connected with the water inlet of the fusion reactor 1 through a loop water pump 16.
Specifically, high-temperature water generated when the fusion reactor 1 works flows to the heat storage heat exchanger 2, cold oil in the cold oil storage tank 5 enters the heat storage heat exchanger 2 to exchange heat with the high-temperature water to form hot oil, the hot oil enters the hot oil storage tank 4 of the energy storage loop, part of the hot oil in the hot oil storage tank 4 is stored in the hot oil storage tank 4 to store energy, the other part of the hot oil in the hot oil storage tank 4 enters the steam generator 3 to exchange heat with cold water in the two loops to generate steam, and the steam is transmitted to the two loops to drive the steam turbine to generate; when the fusion reactor 1 stops intermittently, part of hot oil retained in the hot oil storage tank 4 enters the steam generator 3 to exchange heat with water in the secondary loop, and cold oil formed after heat exchange in the steam generator 3 enters the cold oil storage tank 5; thus, the purpose of generating power when the fusion reactor stops intermittently is achieved.
Wherein, the inlet of the hot oil pump 6 is provided with a hot oil pump front valve 9, and the outlet of the hot oil pump 6 is provided with a hot oil pump rear valve 10; a cold oil pump front valve 14 is arranged at the inlet of the cold oil pump 11, and a cold oil pump rear valve 15 is arranged at the outlet of the cold oil pump 11; the cold oil pump 11 and the hot oil pump 6 are used to deliver hot oil and cold oil, respectively.
When the fusion reactor works, the cold oil pump 11 and the hot oil pump 6 are started, the front valve 9 of the hot oil pump and the rear valve 10 of the hot oil pump are both started, cold oil is driven into the heat storage heat exchanger 2 by the cold oil pump 11 to exchange heat with high-temperature water generated by the fusion reactor 1 to form hot oil, and the hot oil flows into the hot oil storage tank 4 from the heat storage heat exchanger 2 to be stored; when the fusion reactor 1 stops intermittently, the hot oil pump 6 is started, the cold oil pump 11 is stopped, the front valve 9 of the hot oil pump and the rear valve 10 of the hot oil pump are both started, the front valve 14 of the cold oil pump and the rear valve 15 of the cold oil pump are both closed, hot oil in the hot oil storage tank 4 is driven into the steam generator 3 by the hot oil pump 6 and used for two-loop heat exchange, and the purpose of power generation when the fusion reactor 1 stops is achieved.
The oil energy storage decoupling power generation system for the fusion reactor is suitable for an energy storage system with the intermittent output characteristic of a water-cooled cladding fusion reactor, forms an energy storage power generation technical scheme which is decoupled from a primary circuit and has the advantages of operation continuity, safety and stability, and realizes the application of the water-cooled cladding fusion reactor to the power generation field. According to the technical scheme, the energy storage system adaptive to the energy output characteristic of the fusion reactor and the parameters of the primary loop is adopted, so that the fusion reactor has continuous and stable output capacity, the stability of the steam parameters of the secondary loop is ensured, the continuous and stable output of the steam turbine generator is further ensured, and the power generation quality is improved; the steam turbine generator can adopt conventional unit equipment, special design or transformation is not needed, the equipment purchasing cost and the operation and maintenance cost are reduced while the safety of the equipment is ensured, the service life of the equipment is prevented from being shortened, and the later-stage equipment operation and maintenance management cost is also caused; and the energy storage system can output the periodic output characteristic of the smooth fusion reactor, so that the power generation load of the generator set can be maintained stable, the shock impact of the generator set on a power grid can be avoided, and the power grid access stability is enhanced.
A power generation method for an oil energy storage decoupling power generation system of a fusion reactor, comprising:
s1, in a first time period, cold oil is driven into the heat storage heat exchanger 2 by the cold oil storage tank 5 and exchanges heat with high-temperature water generated when the fusion reactor 1 works to form hot oil, the hot oil flows into the hot oil storage tank 4 from the heat storage heat exchanger 2, part of the hot oil in the hot oil storage tank 4 flows into the steam generator 3, cold water is injected into the steam generator 3 to exchange heat with the hot oil to generate steam, and the steam is transmitted to the two loops to drive a steam turbine to generate electricity; another part of hot oil in the hot oil storage tank 4 is stored in the hot oil storage tank 4 for storing energy;
s2, in the first time period, cold oil formed by heat exchange between the steam generator 3 and cold water flows into the cold oil storage tank 2 to be stored;
and S3, when the fusion reactor stops intermittently in the second time period, another part of hot oil in the hot oil storage tank 2 enters the steam generator 3 to exchange heat with the cold water of the two loops to generate steam, and the steam is transmitted to the two loops to drive the steam turbine to generate electricity. Cold oil formed by heat exchange between the steam generator 3 and cold water flows into the cold oil storage tank 2 for storage;
s4, looping S1 through S3 in sequence.
Wherein, the inlet of the hot oil pump 6 is provided with a hot oil pump front valve 9, and the outlet of the hot oil pump 6 is provided with a hot oil pump rear valve 10; a cold oil pump front valve 14 is arranged at the inlet of the cold oil pump 11, and a cold oil pump rear valve 15 is arranged at the outlet of the cold oil pump 11; the cold oil pump 11 and the hot oil pump 6 are used to deliver hot oil and cold oil, respectively.
When the fusion reactor works, the cold oil pump 11 and the hot oil pump 6 are started, the front valve 9 of the hot oil pump and the rear valve 10 of the hot oil pump are both started, cold oil is driven into the heat storage heat exchanger 2 by the cold oil pump 11 to exchange heat with high-temperature water generated by the fusion reactor 1 to form hot oil, and the hot oil flows into the hot oil storage tank 4 from the heat storage heat exchanger 2 to be stored; when the fusion reactor 1 stops intermittently, the hot oil pump 6 is started, the cold oil pump 11 is stopped, the front valve 9 of the hot oil pump and the rear valve 10 of the hot oil pump are both started, the front valve 14 of the cold oil pump and the rear valve 15 of the cold oil pump are both closed, hot oil in the heat storage heat exchanger 2 is driven into the steam generator 3 by the hot oil pump 6 and used for two-loop heat exchange, and the purpose of power generation when the fusion reactor 1 stops is achieved.
The heat storage temperature range of the heat conduction oil for storing energy can reach-60-400 ℃, the heat storage conveying pump adopts a horizontal pump, and the hot oil storage tank and the cold oil storage tank are provided with a nitrogen sealing system for preventing the heat conduction oil with certain temperature from being oxidized by contacting with air; and a purification system is arranged to remove high-boiling residues and low-boiling residues generated in the operation of the heat transfer oil and recover the heat transfer oil.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. An oil energy storage decoupling power generation system for a fusion reactor is characterized by comprising a primary loop, an energy storage loop and two loops;
the loop comprises a fusion reactor and a heat storage heat exchanger connected to a high-temperature water outlet of the fusion reactor, and a cold water outlet of the heat storage heat exchanger is connected with a water inlet of the fusion reactor;
the energy storage loop comprises a hot oil storage tank, a steam generator and a cold oil storage tank which are sequentially connected with a hot oil outlet of the heat storage heat exchanger, and a cold oil outlet of the cold oil storage tank is connected with a cold oil inlet of the heat storage heat exchanger;
the steam outlet of the steam generator is connected with the second loop;
high-temperature water generated when the fusion reactor works flows to the heat storage heat exchanger, cold oil in the cold oil storage tank enters the heat storage heat exchanger to exchange heat with the high-temperature water to form hot oil, the hot oil enters the hot oil storage tank of the energy storage loop, part of the hot oil in the hot oil storage tank is stored in the hot oil storage tank to store energy, and the other part of the hot oil in the hot oil storage tank enters the steam generator to exchange heat with cold water in the second loop;
when the fusion reactor stops intermittently, part of hot oil retained in the hot oil storage tank enters a steam generator to exchange heat with water in the secondary loop, and cold oil formed after heat exchange in the steam generator enters a cold oil storage tank;
and a cold water outlet of the heat storage heat exchanger is connected with a water inlet of the fusion reactor through a loop water pump.
2. An oil energy storage decoupling power generation system for a fusion reactor as claimed in claim 1,
a hot oil pump front valve is arranged at the inlet of the hot oil pump, and a hot oil pump rear valve is arranged at the outlet of the hot oil pump;
a cold oil pump front valve is arranged at the inlet of the cold oil pump, and a cold oil pump rear valve is arranged at the outlet of the cold oil pump;
when the fusion reactor works, the cold oil pump and the hot oil pump are started, the front valve of the hot oil pump and the rear valve of the hot oil pump are both started, cold oil is driven into the heat storage heat exchanger by the cold oil pump to exchange heat to form hot oil, and the hot oil flows into the hot oil storage tank from the heat storage heat exchanger;
when the fusion reactor stops intermittently, the hot oil pump is started, the cold oil pump is stopped, the front valve of the hot oil pump and the rear valve of the hot oil pump are both started, the front valve of the cold oil pump and the rear valve of the cold oil pump are both closed, and hot oil in the hot oil storage tank is driven into the steam generator by the hot oil pump.
3. A power generation method of the oil energy storage decoupling power generation system for the fusion reactor as claimed in any one of claims 1-2,
s1, in a first time period, cold oil is driven into the heat storage heat exchanger by a cold oil storage tank and exchanges heat with high-temperature water generated when the fusion reactor works to form hot oil, the hot oil flows into the hot oil storage tank from the heat storage heat exchanger, part of the hot oil in the hot oil storage tank flows into a steam generator, cold water is injected into the steam generator to exchange heat with the hot oil to generate steam, and the steam is transmitted to a second loop to drive a steam turbine to generate electricity; another part of hot oil in the hot oil storage tank is stored in the hot oil storage tank for storing energy;
s2, in the first time period, cold oil formed by heat exchange between the steam generator and cold water flows into a cold oil storage tank for storage;
s3, when the fusion reactor stops intermittently in the second time period, the other part of hot oil in the hot oil storage tank enters a steam generator to exchange heat with cold water in the second loop to generate steam, and the steam is transmitted to the second loop to drive a steam turbine to generate electricity; cold oil formed by heat exchange between the steam generator and cold water flows into a cold oil storage tank for storage;
s4, looping S1 through S3 in sequence.
4. A power generation method of an oil energy storage decoupling power generation system for a fusion reactor as claimed in claim 3 wherein a hot oil pump front valve is arranged at an inlet of the hot oil pump and a hot oil pump rear valve is arranged at an outlet of the hot oil pump;
a cold oil pump front valve is arranged at the inlet of the cold oil pump, and a cold oil pump rear valve is arranged at the outlet of the cold oil pump;
when the fusion reactor works, the cold oil pump and the hot oil pump are started, the front valve of the hot oil pump and the rear valve of the hot oil pump are both started, cold oil is driven into the heat storage heat exchanger by the cold oil pump to exchange heat to form hot oil, and the hot oil flows into the hot oil storage tank from the heat storage heat exchanger;
when the fusion reactor stops intermittently, the hot oil pump is started, the cold oil pump is stopped, the front valve of the hot oil pump and the rear valve of the hot oil pump are both started, the front valve of the cold oil pump and the rear valve of the cold oil pump are both closed, and hot oil in the hot oil storage tank is driven into the steam generator by the hot oil pump.
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