CN112965139A - Advanced geological comprehensive forecasting method for tunnel under complex geological condition - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a comprehensive forecasting method for advanced geology of a tunnel under complex geological conditions, which comprises the following steps: judging whether a bad geological structure exists according to the physical performance parameters; if the three-dimensional tunnel geological model exists, performing geometric modeling and determining a three-dimensional tunnel geological generalized model; performing advanced drilling layout on the tunnel face of the tunnel according to the layout parameters; cross-hole CT scanning, in-hole geological radar detection and drilling shooting are carried out on the tunnel face which is completely laid, and wave velocity distribution images, wave velocity maps in advanced drilling and verification image parameters are determined; determining the seal detection data according to the data consistency; determining supplementary detection data according to the wave velocity distribution image, the wave velocity map in the advanced borehole and the non-overlapping region of the verification image parameter; and determining the range of the position interval of the predicted unfavorable geological structure according to the evidence detection data and the supplementary detection data. The invention adopts multi-means advanced geological detection and combines the information of earthquake waves, electromagnetic waves and images to effectively expand and verify the detection data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel detection, in particular to a comprehensive forecasting method for advanced geology of a tunnel under complex geological conditions.
Background
At the present stage, China obtains a remarkable construction result, the material demand of each region is continuously increased, and the development of regional economy is hindered by the problems of insufficient road transportation capacity and transportation cost. In the southwest area of China, the terrain is complex, and tunnels are adopted for mountain area construction to reduce the cost while protecting the environment, so that the tunnel engineering becomes an indispensable key project in engineering construction.
In the construction process of tunnel engineering, the situation of encountering multiple complex geology exists, and along with the appearance of more and more gushing water and mud geological structure, the construction safety of tunnel receives strict clamp. The tunnel completion time has crucial control action to the time of the traffic of highway, and the construction specification will be violated to the construction progress of seeking of taste, will lead to the geological disasters such as tunnel collapse or gushing out mud and gush water to take place when serious, influences the construction progress, threatens personal safety. Therefore, before tunnel construction, the tunnel is surveyed, hydrographic survey and other preconditions are carried out, but due to the variability and complexity of geological structures, the survey structure and the actual structure often have obvious differences, so that the real situation cannot be reflected, and the actual geological problems of the construction project are difficult to obtain an effective conclusion through surveying. The uncertain geological conditions are often invisible "bombs" in the construction, and are likely to cause significant damage to the project. Not only can the construction period be influenced, but also the engineering investment is improved; and equipment is more likely to be damaged, and the safety of constructors is threatened. Therefore, for tunnel construction, the geological forecast of the tunnel is well controlled, and the geological condition in front of the tunnel is obtained by an effective detection means.
In particular, in a complex surrounding rock geological structure area in a mountainous area, under natural geological conditions, due to the structural characteristics of surrounding rocks, such as crustal motion, surrounding rock weathering and underground water, mud burst and water burst geological disasters are easy to occur. In the prior art, a highway tunnel is generally subjected to large-scale blind sweeping or geological structure geological analysis by combining geology, but due to the movement of the earth crust and the flowing of underground water, the geological structure is complicated, so that a wrong or single detection mode often cannot obtain accurate geological information, along with the promotion of construction, the disturbance of manpower on a surrounding rock structure in the construction process is added, the original unstable surrounding rock structure is unstable, mud burst and water burst geological disasters occur, people, materials, machines and the like on a construction site are lost or damaged, the construction period is prolonged, the engineering quantity of tunnel engineering for passive reinforcement is increased, and the risk of instability of the surrounding rock structure is caused. In conclusion, the prior art lacks an accurate and comprehensive detection means in the construction process, so that the establishment of an accurate and comprehensive detection method for the advance unfavorable geological structure of the tunnel is particularly urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a comprehensive advance geological prediction method for a tunnel under complex geological conditions, so as to solve the problem of establishing a comprehensive and accurate detection method for advance unfavorable geological structures of the tunnel.
The invention provides a comprehensive forecasting method for advanced geology of a tunnel under complex geological conditions, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring physical performance parameters of a tunnel region, and judging whether a bad geological structure exists according to the physical performance parameters;
if the geological structure exists, acquiring a structural terrain in the tunnel region, predicting a bad geological structure and engineering tunnel conditions;
performing geometric modeling according to the structural terrain, the predicted unfavorable geological structure and the engineering tunnel condition to determine a three-dimensional tunnel geological generalized model;
determining layout parameters corresponding to the three-dimensional tunnel geological generalized model, and performing advanced drilling layout on a tunnel face according to the layout parameters to determine the tunnel face with complete layout;
cross-hole CT scanning, in-hole geological radar detection and drilling image shooting are carried out on the tunnel face of the tunnel which is completely laid, and wave velocity distribution images between two advanced drilling holes, wave velocity images in the advanced drilling holes and verification image parameters are respectively determined;
confirming verification detection data according to the data consistency of the wave velocity distribution image, the wave velocity map in the advanced borehole and the verification image parameters in an overlapping area;
determining supplementary detection data according to the wave velocity distribution image, the wave velocity map in the advanced borehole and the non-overlapping region of the seal image parameters;
determining a position interval range of the predicted unfavorable geological structure according to the evidence-based detection data and the supplementary detection data;
and detecting according to the position interval range, determining an actual unfavorable geological structure, and planning a construction scheme according to the actual unfavorable geological structure.
Further, the layout parameters include at least one of a size of a tunnel face, a drilling position, a drilling number, a drilling hole depth, a drilling angle, and a hole pitch.
Further, the determining the layout parameters corresponding to the three-dimensional tunnel geological generalized model includes: and setting the layout parameters according to the boundary data and the detection requirements of the three-dimensional tunnel geological generalized model so as to lay a plurality of advanced drill holes.
Further, the boundary data comprises three-dimensional space dimensions of the three-dimensional tunnel geological generalized model, a layout space structure test layout and a spatial relationship between each test instrument and each other.
Further, the step of performing cross-hole CT scanning, in-hole geological radar detection and borehole imaging on the tunnel face of the tunnel completely laid, and determining a wave velocity distribution image, a wave velocity map in the advanced borehole and a verification image parameter between two advanced boreholes respectively includes:
exciting seismic waves to carry out cross-hole CT on every two advanced drill holes on the tunnel face of the tunnel;
and determining a wave velocity distribution image between every two advanced boreholes according to the first arrival travel time information of the seismic waves.
Further, the step of performing cross-hole CT scanning, in-hole geological radar detection and borehole imaging on the tunnel face of the tunnel completely laid, and determining a wave velocity distribution image, a wave velocity map in the advanced borehole and a verification image parameter between two advanced boreholes respectively includes:
emitting a pulse electromagnetic wave signal to the front of the tunnel face, wherein when the pulse electromagnetic wave signal meets a detection target, a corresponding reflection signal is generated;
and determining the internal wave velocity diagram of the advanced drill hole corresponding to the advanced drill hole according to the reflection signal.
Further, the step of performing cross-hole CT scanning, in-hole geological radar detection and borehole imaging on the tunnel face of the tunnel completely laid, and determining a wave velocity distribution image, a wave velocity map in the advanced borehole and a verification image parameter between two advanced boreholes respectively includes:
sequentially drilling and shooting the advanced drill holes on the tunnel face of the tunnel, and determining corresponding in-hole photographic parameters;
determining front surrounding rock lithology parameters and surrounding rock tectonic zone parameters of the tunnel face of the tunnel according to the in-hole photography parameters;
and determining the seal image parameters according to the lithology parameters of the front surrounding rock and the structural zone parameters of the surrounding rock.
Further, the determining the seal detection data according to the data consistency of the wave velocity distribution image, the wave velocity map in the advanced borehole and the seal image parameters in the overlapping area includes:
forming corresponding vertical plane detection information and horizontal plane detection information according to the wave velocity distribution image and the overlapping area of the wave velocity map in the advanced borehole;
respectively judging whether the detection information is consistent with the vertical plane detection information and the horizontal plane detection information according to the detection information in the seal image parameters of the overlapping area;
and if the detection data is consistent with the verification detection data, the vertical plane detection information and the horizontal plane detection information are the verification detection data.
Further, the determining supplemental probe data according to the non-overlapping regions of the wave velocity distribution image, the wave velocity map in the advanced borehole, and the witness image parameter includes:
if the wave velocity distribution image exists in the non-overlapping area, the corresponding wave velocity distribution image forms the supplementary detection data;
if the wave velocity map in the advanced borehole exists in the non-overlapping area, the corresponding wave velocity map in the advanced borehole forms the supplementary detection data;
and if the wave velocity map in the advanced borehole exists in the non-overlapping area, the corresponding seal image parameters form the supplementary detection data.
Further, the determining a location interval range of the predicted unfavorable geological structure according to the witness detection data and the supplementary detection data comprises:
and performing forward geological inverse reasoning on the tunnel face of the tunnel in a numerical inverse calculation mode according to the evidence detection data and the supplementary detection data, and determining the range of the position interval.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: firstly, effectively acquiring a structural terrain, a predicted unfavorable geological structure and an engineering tunnel condition; then, establishing a three-dimensional tunnel geological generalized model by combining multiple factors so as to reflect the basic characteristics of the tunnel; further, setting layout parameters based on a three-dimensional tunnel geological generalized model, and preliminarily determining the advance drilling layout of the tunnel face; then, multi-hand advanced geological detection is carried out on the tunnel face where the drill holes are distributed, and by utilizing various detection methods and combining seismic wave information, radar information and image information, mutual verification of data is realized to obtain more accurate geological characteristics, so that detection data supplement is carried out through data in non-overlapping areas, data verification is carried out through data in overlapping areas, the detection range is expanded, and meanwhile, the accurate prediction of the position interval range of a bad geological structure is realized; and finally, detecting according to the position interval range, determining the actual unfavorable geological structure, and planning the whole construction scheme so as to ensure that the tunnel excavation stability meets the engineering requirements. In conclusion, the invention considers the change of the physical and mechanical parameters of the rock and soil before and after engineering excavation, carries out geological exploration on the tunnel construction area before the excavation, fully analyzes the structure of the initial state of the rock and soil in the area, avoids the deformation and softening of the surrounding rock of the tunnel after the excavation to cause the great reduction of the strength of the rock and soil, adopts multi-means advanced geological detection, combines the information of three aspects of seismic waves, electromagnetic waves and images, realizes the expansion of the detection range, improves the data precision, effectively reduces the risk of tunnel construction, analyzes the geological bars of the surrounding rock in multiple angles, avoids the sudden geological disasters in the tunnel excavation, endangers the safety and reduces the construction risk and loss.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a complex geological condition tunnel advanced geological comprehensive forecasting method provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a seismic wave detection method provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a CT unit in a vertical plane according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a radar detection method provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic layout view of a tunnel face provided by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the present invention providing an in-hole address radar;
FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart of borehole video recording provided by the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart of determining the forensic data according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a complex geological condition tunnel advanced geological comprehensive forecasting method, and by combining with fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flow schematic diagram of the complex geological condition tunnel advanced geological comprehensive forecasting method provided by the invention, and the complex geological condition tunnel advanced geological comprehensive forecasting method comprises steps S1 to S9:
in step S1, acquiring physical performance parameters of the tunnel region, and determining whether there is a bad geological structure according to the physical performance parameters;
in step S2, if any, acquiring a structural terrain in the tunnel region, predicting a bad geological structure, and a project tunnel condition;
in step S3, performing geometric modeling according to the structural terrain, the predicted unfavorable geological structure and the engineering tunnel condition, and determining a three-dimensional tunnel geological generalized model;
in step S4, determining layout parameters corresponding to the three-dimensional tunnel geological generalized model, and performing advanced drilling layout on the tunnel face according to the layout parameters to determine a tunnel face with complete layout;
in step S5, cross-hole CT scanning, in-hole geological radar detection, and borehole imaging are performed on the tunnel face where the tunnel is completely laid, and a wave velocity distribution image, an in-hole wave velocity map, and a verification image parameter between two advanced boreholes are respectively determined;
in step S6, determining the forensic detection data based on the data consistency of the wave velocity distribution image, the wave velocity map in the pilot borehole, and the forensic image parameters in the overlap region;
in step S7, determining supplementary probe data based on the non-overlapping regions of the wave velocity distribution image, the wave velocity map in the pilot borehole, and the seal image parameters;
in step S8, determining a range of a location interval in which the unfavorable geological structure is predicted, based on the witness detection data and the supplementary detection data;
in step S9, a detection is performed based on the position section range, an actual unfavorable geological structure is determined, and a construction plan is planned based on the actual unfavorable geological structure.
In the embodiment of the invention, firstly, the structural terrain, the predicted unfavorable geological structure and the engineering tunnel condition are effectively obtained; then, establishing a three-dimensional tunnel geological generalized model by combining multiple factors so as to reflect the basic characteristics of the tunnel; further, setting layout parameters based on a three-dimensional tunnel geological generalized model, and preliminarily determining the advance drilling layout of the tunnel face; then, multi-hand advanced geological detection is carried out on the tunnel face where the drill holes are distributed, and by utilizing various detection methods and combining seismic wave information, radar information and image information, mutual verification of data is realized to obtain more accurate geological characteristics, so that detection data supplement is carried out through data in non-overlapping areas, data verification is carried out through data in overlapping areas, the expansion of a detection range is realized, and meanwhile, the accurate prediction of the position interval range of a poor geological structure is realized; and finally, detecting according to the position interval range, determining the actual unfavorable geological structure, and planning the whole construction scheme so as to ensure that the tunnel excavation stability meets the engineering requirements.
It should be noted that, taking the advanced detection in front of the tunnel face of the mud-bursting and water-bursting segment at the entrance of the nine-mountain tunnel as an example, the structural terrain is judged as follows: geological survey of a tunnel construction area is carried out, and lithology analysis of water inrush sections (ZK281+ 850-ZK 281+975, KK281+ 860-KK 282+160) of the nine-mountain tunnels is summarized: the surrounding rock grade of the region is V1 grade. The limestone-rich rock is mainly invaded rock consisting of grey-white limestone, is corroded and weathered limestone in a rubble shape, is penetrated with fully weathered granite, and is mostly in a broken loose structure; therefore, the stability of the surrounding rock of the structure of the tunnel is extremely poor during excavation, collapse or softening of the structure contact zone frequently occurs along with construction, so that when underground water rapidly rises in rainy seasons, the tunnel is likely to have large water burst and collapse, and the surrounding rock structure has good water-rich property due to the development of cracks of the surrounding rock, so that the construction risk in rainy seasons is extremely high. The underground water in the (underground water) tunnel region is of a fourth system pore water type, bedrock fracture water and carbonate rock karst water type, and the fourth system pore water is mostly added in a fourth system loose soil body and mostly appears in a diving form, so that the water quantity is very small; carbonate rock karst water and bedrock fracture water are generated in the joint fracture polar karst fracture of the rock stratum, and the water quantity is not large. The underground water is mainly infiltrated and supplied by atmospheric precipitation and surrounding surface water, and is collected and discharged in a valley low-lying area in an underground runoff mode. (surface water) groundwater was exposed in a spring spot type in a trench at an altitude of 2800m on the side of a small mileage and 2600m on the side of a large mileage below the highest crest of a nine-crest mountain tunnel.
Preferably, in step S1, before the tunnel is excavated, a geological survey is performed on the surrounding rock structure in the address selection area of the tunnel, and the lithology in the area is summarized and analyzed, so as to obtain the physical performance parameters related to the surrounding rock structure in the tunnel area, including: the method comprises the following steps of obtaining physical mechanical parameters of an initial state of rock and soil, and the physical mechanical parameters after deformation and softening of the rock and soil, wherein the physical mechanical parameters comprise volume weight, cohesive force, internal friction angle, tensile strength, elastic modulus and Poisson ratio. If a surrounding rock structure in the region has a geological structure with large hidden danger, such as a surrounding rock structure broken zone, a structural water-rich region, weak surrounding rocks and other unfavorable geological structures, the multi-hand advanced detection method for the water-rich karst tunnel provided by the invention is adopted to continue detection, and if the surrounding rock structure does not exist, the conventional method is adopted to detect.
Preferably, in step S1, the predicting of the unfavorable geological structure is performed by performing an experiment on a geotechnical sample of the potential unfavorable geological structure tunnel to obtain a geotechnical physical mechanical parameter, wherein the experiment includes at least one of a cutting ring experiment, a triaxial experiment, a direct shear experiment, a brazilian cleavage experiment, and a uniaxial compression experiment. As a specific embodiment, the embodiment of the invention firstly carries out prejudgment on the whole tunnel region to preliminarily obtain the predicted unfavorable geological structure.
Preferably, the layout parameters include at least one of a size of a tunnel face, a drilling position, a drilling number, a drilling hole depth, a drilling angle, and a hole pitch. As a specific embodiment, the embodiment of the invention is used for setting the layout parameters so as to facilitate the subsequent drilling layout. It is understood that the layout parameters further include, but are not limited to, dimensions of the three-dimensional tunnel geological model, dimensions of the tunnel face, and locations of the boreholes on the tunnel face of the tunnel model, thereby enabling efficient borehole placement in conjunction with the tunnel face.
Preferably, step S4 specifically includes: and setting layout parameters according to boundary data and detection requirements of the three-dimensional tunnel geological generalized model so as to lay a plurality of advanced drill holes. As a specific embodiment, according to the boundary condition and the detection requirement of the three-dimensional tunnel geological generalized model, the advanced drilling holes are effectively distributed.
Preferably, the boundary data includes three-dimensional spatial dimensions of the three-dimensional tunnel geological overview model, the layout spatial structure test layout, and the spatial relationship of the test instruments to each other. As a specific embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention determines the range of the tunnel face layout position by combining the boundary data of the three-dimensional tunnel geological generalized model.
Preferably, referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the seismic wave detection method provided by the present invention, and step S5 includes steps S51 to S52, where:
in step S51, the seismic waves are excited to perform cross-hole CT between every two advanced boreholes on the tunnel face of the tunnel;
in step S52, a wave velocity distribution image between each two advanced boreholes is determined according to the first arrival travel time information of the seismic waves.
As a specific embodiment, the geological information between two measuring holes on the tunnel face is obtained by exciting the form of seismic waves and combining the characteristics of the seismic waves, and multi-means advanced geological detection is carried out.
It should be noted that the system for detecting seismic waves to be used in the field includes two parts, namely hardware and software. The system hardware comprises a ZDF-3 type electric spark source, an integrated high-sensitivity detector, a 24-bit computer, 8 independent channel portable computers and the like. The software comprises two parts of CT tomography and geology experts. Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a side view diagram of a CT unit on a vertical plane according to the present invention, cross-hole CT is performed in a hole survey on a tunnel face, cross-hole CT tests are performed in two sides on the tunnel face, geological information between two survey holes on the tunnel face is obtained according to the characteristics of geological information carried by seismic waves in the form of seismic waves, the seismic waves CT inverts materials through seismic wave data, geological information is obtained between two survey holes on the tunnel face according to the characteristics of geological information carried by seismic waves in the form of seismic waves, and the geological information is analyzed in layers to draw a geological distribution image of a stratum, and a stratum structure is further estimated according to the obtained distribution diagram. In the detection process, firstly, a time file of seismic waves in a structure between two measuring holes is obtained through HSP detection, and the first arrival travel time t of the seismic waves is read through software interpretationiThen, solving a matrix equation to form a wave velocity distribution image of the seismic waves in the geologic body between the two holes, and clearly observing the wave velocity distribution situation between the survey holes according to the image.
Preferably, referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of the radar detection method provided by the present invention, and step S5 includes steps S53 to S54, where:
in step S53, a pulse electromagnetic wave signal is transmitted to the front of the tunnel face, wherein when the pulse electromagnetic wave signal encounters the detection target, a corresponding reflection signal is generated;
in step S54, a wave velocity map in the pilot borehole corresponding to the pilot borehole is determined according to the reflection signal.
As a specific embodiment, the geological information in the hole on the tunnel face is acquired by combining the characteristics of radar signals through a radar detection method so as to carry out multi-hand advanced geological detection.
It should be noted that, referring to fig. 5 and 6, fig. 5 is a schematic layout diagram of a tunnel face provided by the present invention, and fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a principle of an in-hole address radar provided by the present invention, where No. 1 to No. 4 represent different advanced boreholes, in which in-hole geological radar detection is sequentially performed in the boreholes arranged on the tunnel face, and the geological radar detects distribution of an underground medium by using ultra-high frequency electromagnetic waves, and its basic principle is that a transmitter transmits a pulsed electromagnetic wave signal with a center frequency of 12.5M to 1200M and a pulse width of 0.1ns through a transmitting antenna. When this signal encounters a target in the formation, a reflected signal is generated. The direct signal and the reflected signal are input to a receiver through a receiving antenna, amplified and displayed by an oscilloscope. Whether the measured target exists or not can be judged according to whether the oscilloscope has the reflection flood number or not; according to the arrival lag time of the reflected signal and the average reflected wave velocity of the target object, the surrounding rock structure around the tested hole is estimated according to a wave velocity map generated by testing; in the detection process of the geological radar in the hole, specific detection parameters are adjusted according to a detection range, wherein the specific detection parameters comprise a detection measuring range of 20m, a point detection adopted by a detection rate, a gain of 35 and filter upper and lower limit parameters of 100-1000 MHz; the aperture size of the measuring hole on the tunnel face can be a preset value, and the preset value can be 300 mm; the depth of drilling on the face of the tunnel is determined according to the spatial position between the unfavorable geological structure and the face of the tunnel, the drilling direction can be properly adjusted according to the geological region to be detected, the detection range of geological radars in the holes is comprehensively considered in the hole spacing, the detection data and analysis of geological radar detection data and cross-hole CT in the vertical direction on the horizontal plane are realized, mutual verification is desired, and mutual supplement and extension are realized.
Preferably, referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of borehole video shooting provided by the present invention, and step S5 includes steps S55 to S57, where:
in step S55, sequentially performing drilling and shooting on the advance drilled holes on the tunnel face of the tunnel, and determining corresponding in-hole shooting parameters;
in step S56, determining a front surrounding rock lithology parameter and a surrounding rock tectonic zone parameter of the tunnel face according to the in-hole photography parameter;
in step S57, a seal image parameter is determined based on the front surrounding rock lithology parameter and the surrounding rock structural band parameter.
As a specific embodiment, the embodiment of the invention acquires the front geological information on the tunnel face by exciting the drilling shooting and combining the characteristics of the images in the holes so as to carry out multi-hand advanced geological detection and carry out effective verification.
Preferably, referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart of determining the forensic probe data provided by the present invention, and step S6 includes steps S61 to S63, where:
in step S61, corresponding vertical plane detection information and horizontal plane detection information are formed from the overlapping region of the wave velocity distribution image and the wave velocity map in the pilot borehole;
in step S62, it is determined whether or not the detection information matches the vertical plane detection information and the horizontal plane detection information, respectively, based on the detection information in the print image parameter of the overlap region;
in step S63, if they match, the vertical plane detection information and the horizontal plane detection information are the forensic data.
As a specific embodiment, in the embodiment of the present invention, the overlapping area is combined with the wave velocity distribution image, the wave velocity map in the advanced borehole, and the verification image parameter to complement each other, so as to determine accurate detection data and locate the range of the position interval.
Preferably, step S7 specifically includes:
if the wave velocity distribution image exists in the non-overlapping area, the corresponding wave velocity distribution image forms supplementary detection data;
if the wave velocity map in the advanced borehole exists in the non-overlapped region, the corresponding wave velocity map in the advanced borehole forms supplementary detection data;
if the wave velocity map in the advanced borehole exists in the non-overlapping area, the corresponding verification image parameters form supplementary detection data.
As a specific embodiment, three detection means including seismic waves, electromagnetic waves and images, namely cross-hole CT, in-hole geological radar and borehole photography, are integrated in a non-overlapping area, so that detection data are supplemented effectively, changes of physical and mechanical parameters of rock and soil before and after engineering excavation are considered, and the richness of the detection data is guaranteed.
Preferably, the step S8 specifically includes: and performing geological inverse reasoning in front of the tunnel face in a numerical inverse calculation mode according to the evidence detection data and the supplementary detection data, and determining the range of the position interval. As a specific embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention combines the verification detection data and the supplementary detection data, and obtains the range of the location interval of the unfavorable geological structure through the inverse numerical value calculation, thereby realizing accurate detection.
Example 2
The embodiment of the invention provides a complex geological condition tunnel advanced geological comprehensive forecasting device, which comprises a processor and a memory, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the complex geological condition tunnel advanced geological comprehensive forecasting method is realized.
The invention discloses a comprehensive forecasting method for advanced geology of a tunnel under complex geological conditions, which comprises the following steps of firstly, effectively obtaining structural topography, forecasting unfavorable geological structures and engineering tunnel conditions; then, establishing a three-dimensional tunnel geological generalized model by combining multiple factors so as to reflect the basic characteristics of the tunnel; further, setting layout parameters based on a three-dimensional tunnel geological generalized model, and preliminarily determining the advance drilling layout of the tunnel face; then, multi-hand advanced geological detection is carried out on the tunnel face where the drill holes are distributed, and by utilizing various detection methods and combining seismic wave information, radar information and image information, mutual verification of data is realized to obtain more accurate geological characteristics, so that detection data supplement is carried out through data in non-overlapping areas, data verification is carried out through data in overlapping areas, the detection range is expanded, and meanwhile, the accurate prediction of the position interval range of a bad geological structure is realized; and finally, detecting according to the position interval range, determining the actual unfavorable geological structure, and planning the whole construction scheme so as to ensure that the tunnel excavation stability meets the engineering requirements.
According to the technical scheme, the change of physical and mechanical parameters of rock and soil before and after engineering excavation is considered, geological exploration is carried out on a tunnel construction area before the excavation, the structure of the initial state of the rock and soil in the area is fully analyzed, the phenomenon that the strength of the rock and soil is greatly reduced due to deformation and softening of surrounding rock of the tunnel after the excavation is avoided, the detection range is expanded by adopting multi-means advanced geological detection and combining information of three aspects of seismic waves, electromagnetic waves and images, the data precision is improved, the risk of tunnel construction is effectively reduced, surrounding rock geological strips are analyzed in multiple angles, the sudden geological disasters in the tunnel excavation are avoided, the safety is endangered, and the construction risk and the loss.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A comprehensive forecasting method for advanced geology of a tunnel with complex geological conditions is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring physical performance parameters of a tunnel region, and judging whether a bad geological structure exists according to the physical performance parameters;
if the geological structure exists, acquiring a structural terrain in the tunnel region, predicting a bad geological structure and engineering tunnel conditions;
performing geometric modeling according to the structural terrain, the predicted unfavorable geological structure and the engineering tunnel condition to determine a three-dimensional tunnel geological generalized model;
determining layout parameters corresponding to the three-dimensional tunnel geological generalized model, and performing advanced drilling layout on a tunnel face according to the layout parameters to determine the tunnel face with complete layout;
cross-hole CT scanning, in-hole geological radar detection and drilling image shooting are carried out on the tunnel face of the tunnel which is completely laid, and wave velocity distribution images between two advanced drilling holes, wave velocity images in the advanced drilling holes and verification image parameters are respectively determined;
confirming verification detection data according to the data consistency of the wave velocity distribution image, the wave velocity map in the advanced borehole and the verification image parameters in an overlapping area;
determining supplementary detection data according to the wave velocity distribution image, the wave velocity map in the advanced borehole and the non-overlapping region of the seal image parameters;
determining a position interval range of the predicted unfavorable geological structure according to the evidence-based detection data and the supplementary detection data;
and detecting according to the position interval range, determining an actual unfavorable geological structure, and planning a construction scheme according to the actual unfavorable geological structure.
2. The advanced geological comprehensive forecasting method for the tunnel with complex geological conditions according to claim 1, wherein the layout parameters comprise at least one of the size of tunnel face, drilling position, number of drilled holes, depth of drilled hole, drilling angle and hole spacing.
3. The advanced geological comprehensive forecasting method for the tunnel under the complex geological condition according to claim 1, wherein the determining of the layout parameters corresponding to the three-dimensional tunnel geological probabilistic model comprises: and setting the layout parameters according to the boundary data and the detection requirements of the three-dimensional tunnel geological generalized model so as to lay a plurality of advanced drill holes.
4. The advanced geological comprehensive forecasting method for the tunnel under the complex geological condition according to claim 3, characterized in that the boundary data comprises three-dimensional space dimensions of the three-dimensional tunnel geological probabilistic model, arrangement space structure test layout and spatial relationship of each test instrument with each other.
5. The advanced geological comprehensive forecasting method for the tunnel under the complex geological condition according to claim 1, wherein the step of performing cross-hole CT scanning, in-hole geological radar detection and borehole shooting on the tunnel face of the tunnel which is completely laid comprises the following steps of respectively determining a wave velocity distribution image between two advanced boreholes, an in-hole wave velocity map of the advanced boreholes and a verification image parameter, wherein the step of:
exciting seismic waves to carry out cross-hole CT on every two advanced drill holes on the tunnel face of the tunnel;
and determining a wave velocity distribution image between every two advanced boreholes according to the first arrival travel time information of the seismic waves.
6. The advanced geological comprehensive forecasting method for the tunnel under the complex geological condition according to claim 1, wherein the step of performing cross-hole CT scanning, in-hole geological radar detection and borehole shooting on the tunnel face of the tunnel which is completely laid comprises the following steps of respectively determining a wave velocity distribution image between two advanced boreholes, an in-hole wave velocity map of the advanced boreholes and a verification image parameter, wherein the step of:
emitting a pulse electromagnetic wave signal to the front of the tunnel face, wherein when the pulse electromagnetic wave signal meets a detection target, a corresponding reflection signal is generated;
and determining the internal wave velocity diagram of the advanced drill hole corresponding to the advanced drill hole according to the reflection signal.
7. The advanced geological comprehensive forecasting method for the tunnel under the complex geological condition according to claim 1, wherein the step of performing cross-hole CT scanning, in-hole geological radar detection and borehole shooting on the tunnel face of the tunnel which is completely laid comprises the following steps of respectively determining a wave velocity distribution image between two advanced boreholes, an in-hole wave velocity map of the advanced boreholes and a verification image parameter, wherein the step of:
sequentially drilling and shooting the advanced drill holes on the tunnel face of the tunnel, and determining corresponding in-hole photographic parameters;
determining front surrounding rock lithology parameters and surrounding rock tectonic zone parameters of the tunnel face of the tunnel according to the in-hole photography parameters;
and determining the seal image parameters according to the lithology parameters of the front surrounding rock and the structural zone parameters of the surrounding rock.
8. The advanced geological comprehensive forecasting method for the tunnel under the complex geological condition according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining the seal detection data according to the data consistency of the wave velocity distribution image, the wave velocity map in the advanced borehole and the seal image parameters in the overlapping area comprises the following steps:
forming corresponding vertical plane detection information and horizontal plane detection information according to the wave velocity distribution image and the overlapping area of the wave velocity map in the advanced borehole;
respectively judging whether the detection information is consistent with the vertical plane detection information and the horizontal plane detection information according to the detection information in the seal image parameters of the overlapping area;
and if the detection data is consistent with the verification detection data, the vertical plane detection information and the horizontal plane detection information are the verification detection data.
9. The advanced geological comprehensive forecasting method for the tunnel with complex geological conditions according to claim 8, wherein the step of determining supplementary detection data according to the non-overlapping areas of the wave velocity distribution image, the advanced in-borehole wave velocity map and the verification image parameters comprises the following steps:
if the wave velocity distribution image exists in the non-overlapping area, the corresponding wave velocity distribution image forms the supplementary detection data;
if the wave velocity map in the advanced borehole exists in the non-overlapping area, the corresponding wave velocity map in the advanced borehole forms the supplementary detection data;
and if the wave velocity map in the advanced borehole exists in the non-overlapping area, the corresponding seal image parameters form the supplementary detection data.
10. The advanced geological comprehensive forecasting method for the tunnel with complex geological conditions according to claim 9, wherein the determining the location interval range of the predicted unfavorable geological structure according to the verification detection data and the supplementary detection data comprises:
and performing forward geological inverse reasoning on the tunnel face of the tunnel in a numerical inverse calculation mode according to the evidence detection data and the supplementary detection data, and determining the range of the position interval.
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