CN112964752A - Explosion energy slow release device for synthesizing new material through explosion and use method - Google Patents
Explosion energy slow release device for synthesizing new material through explosion and use method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an explosion energy slow release device for synthesizing a new material by explosion and a using method thereof. The buffering delay structure can prolong the action time of explosion impact by the expansion and contraction of the buffer spring and the volume change of the tank body top cover in the process of synthesizing a new material by explosion, and control the explosion energy slow-release reaction to be 10-103The magnitude of mu s, and the explosion impact action speed is faster than the detonation reaction speed, thereby meeting the requirements of high temperature, high pressure and time scale of the explosion synthesis reaction of certain new materials and improving the energy utilization efficiency and the product yield of the explosion synthesis new materials; the pressure relief cover body can guarantee to open the pressure relief when detecting the internal pressure of jar and temperature and surpassing the threshold value, guarantees the stability and the safety in utilization of the jar body, prevents that buffer spring and jar body from producing the deformation because of high pressure high temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of explosion, in particular to an explosion energy slow release device for synthesizing a new material through explosion and a using method thereof.
Background
In recent years, the explosion synthesis theory and industrial technology of China have been developed greatly, the explosive energy is widely used in the field of special material synthesis, especially the explosive synthesis technology such as the explosive synthesis of nano materials and explosive synthesis of composite boards, and the like, and a wider application space is provided for the explosive as a special energy source.
In the process of synthesizing a new material by explosive explosion, the detonation synthesis reaction of the explosive is microsecond order, and the deflagration is millisecond order. Therefore, when the reaction time is in the microsecond order, the energy conversion is completed mainly by virtue of the detonation impact action of the explosive, the speed of the explosive for releasing energy is too high, the explosion reaction time for synthesizing a new material is too short, and the product yield is possibly low. When the reaction time is in millisecond order, energy conversion is completed mainly by means of combustion or deflagration reaction of substances, and the speed of releasing energy by fuel is too slow, so that the aim of synthesizing a new material cannot be achieved. This requires that the explosive energy be controlled to a suitable time scale, e.g. 10-103The mu s magnitude can be neither too fast nor too slow, the explosion reaction time can be prolonged by controlling the slow release energy, and the requirements of high temperature, high pressure and time scale of the explosion synthesis reaction of certain new materials can be met. Aiming at the problems, the common explosion synthesis reaction device is improved, and an explosion energy slow release device for synthesizing a new material by explosion and a using method are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an explosion energy slow release device for synthesizing a new material by explosion and a using method thereof, wherein the explosion energy slow release device is provided with a cover body and a buffer spring, when the pressure in a tank body is increased, the pressure enables a fireproof piston to move upwards, and the buffer spring is correspondingly compressed under the pressure, so that the energy of shock waves generated by explosion and the energy generated by gas expansion are converted into the elastic potential energy of the buffer spring; therefore, in the later stage of the explosion reaction, when the pressure of the tank body is reduced, the elastic potential energy of the spring pushes the fireproof piston to move downwards again, the stored elastic potential energy is released and converted into internal energy in the tank body, and the interior of the tank body can obtain a high-temperature and high-pressure environment again; through the repeated expansion and contraction of the buffer spring, the impact action time of the explosive shock wave is prolonged, the aim of slowly releasing the explosive energy is fulfilled, and the energy utilization efficiency and the product yield of some new explosive synthetic materials are improved; be provided with R type thermocouple, PCB temperature-resistant type explosion pressure sensor and pressure release solenoid valve, after detonation reaction takes place, when atmospheric pressure sharply increases, when temperature-sensing ware detected jar internal temperature and exceeded the temperature of settlement or PCB temperature-resistant type explosion pressure sensor detected jar internal pressure and exceeded the threshold value, can give system controller with signal transmission, thereby make system controller open the pressure release solenoid valve, the stability and the safety in utilization of the jar body have been strengthened, prevent that buffer spring and jar body from producing deformation because of high pressure, realize the duplicate protection to jar body and experimental apparatus like this, and the automation precision is high, reduce artificial intensity of labour.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
an explosion energy slow release device for synthesizing a new material by explosion comprises an explosion tank body seat and an explosion tank body top cover, wherein outer hexagonal screws distributed in an array mode are arranged between the explosion tank body seat and the explosion tank body top cover, a sealing groove is formed in the inner end part of the upper end face of the explosion tank body seat, and a sealing ring is arranged in the sealing groove;
the explosion tank body is characterized in that a containing cavity is arranged on a top cover of the explosion tank body, a buffering delay structure is arranged in the containing cavity and comprises a buffer spring, a fireproof piston, an explosion-proof cover body, fireproof cloth, a first connecting bayonet and a second connecting bayonet, the first connecting bayonet is positioned on the inner wall of the containing cavity, one end of the buffer spring is fixed in the containing cavity through the first connecting bayonet, the other end of the buffer spring is fixedly connected with the fireproof piston, the explosion-proof cover body is limited and fixed in the containing cavity through the second connecting bayonet, and the fireproof cloth is positioned between the explosion-proof cover body and the fireproof piston;
and a supporting bracket for placing detonating equipment is arranged in the explosive tank body seat, and a pressure relief window is arranged on the top cover of the explosive tank body.
Furthermore, the explosion tank body top cover and the explosion tank body seat form a dismounting and mounting structure through an outer hexagon screw, two ignition electrodes are embedded in the explosion tank body top cover and extend into the explosion tank body seat, and a detonating device lead on the fixed support is connected to the ignition electrodes.
Furthermore, an R-type thermocouple and a PCB temperature-resistant explosion pressure sensor are arranged below the top cover of the explosion tank body, the R-type thermocouple and the PCB temperature-resistant explosion pressure sensor are arranged below the top cover of the explosion tank body and located in the seat of the explosion tank body, and the R-type thermocouple and the PCB temperature-resistant explosion pressure sensor are electrically connected with the input end of the system controller.
Further, the pressure release window is located one side of holding cavity, is equipped with the pressure release solenoid valve on the pressure release window, and R type thermocouple and PCB temperature-resistant type explosion pressure sensor are located the both sides of pressure release window, the pressure release solenoid valve with system controller's output electric connection, the pressure release solenoid valve overcoat is equipped with the pressure release cover body, is equipped with the internal thread on the pressure release cover body, is equipped with the external screw thread on the pressure release window, and the pressure release cover body passes through the internal thread and fixes on the pressure release window with the external screw thread cooperation.
Further, the sealing ring is fixed between the explosion tank body seat and the explosion tank body top cover through 703 silica sol.
Furthermore, the explosive tank body seat is an explosive-proof tank body provided with an anticorrosive fluorine-silicon coating.
Further, the explosion-proof cover body is a porous metal plate.
A method of using an explosive energy release device for explosively synthesizing a new material, the method of use comprising the steps of:
s1: placing an experimental sample in an explosive tank body seat, fixing a detonator or other initiating equipment on a bracket, and connecting the experimental sample with the detonator or other initiating equipment to enable the experimental sample to be in a state to be excited;
fixing a detonating device on the bracket, wherein a detonating device lead is connected with the ignition electrode;
s2: connecting the explosive tank body seat and the explosive tank body top cover together through outer hexagon screws; sticking the sealing ring in the groove of the top cover of the explosion tank body;
s3: and closing the pressure relief cover body, opening the system controller, and connecting the detonator with the upper ignition electrode for ignition.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. when the pressure in the tank body is increased, the fireproof piston moves upwards under the action of the pressure, and the buffer spring is correspondingly compressed under the action of the pressure, so that the shock wave energy generated by explosion and the energy generated by gas expansion are converted into the elastic potential energy of the buffer spring; therefore, in the later stage of the explosion reaction, when the pressure of the tank body is reduced, the elastic potential energy of the spring pushes the fireproof piston to move downwards again, the stored elastic potential energy is released and converted into internal energy in the tank body, and the interior of the tank body can obtain a high-temperature and high-pressure environment again; through the repeated expansion and contraction of the buffer spring, the impact action time of the explosive shock wave is prolonged, the aim of slowly releasing the explosive energy is fulfilled, and the energy utilization efficiency and the product yield of some new explosive synthetic materials are improved;
2. the invention is provided with the R-type thermocouple, the PCB temperature-resistant explosion pressure sensor and the pressure relief electromagnetic valve, when the air pressure sharply increases after the detonation reaction occurs, when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature in the tank body exceeds the set temperature or the PCB temperature-resistant explosion pressure sensor detects that the pressure in the tank body exceeds the threshold value, a signal is transmitted to the system controller, so that the system controller opens the pressure relief electromagnetic valve, the stability and the use safety of the tank body are enhanced, the buffer spring and the tank body are prevented from being deformed due to high pressure, the dual protection of the tank body and the experimental device is realized, the automation precision is high, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an explosive energy release device according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the explosive energy release device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a buffering delay structure according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a partial structural sectional view of the explosive energy release device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides an explosion energy slow release device for synthesizing a new material by explosion, the explosion energy slow release device includes an explosion tank body seat 1 and an explosion tank body top cover 2, a support bracket 13 is arranged in the explosion tank body seat 1, the explosion tank body seat 1 is an explosion-proof tank body provided with an anticorrosive fluorine-silicon coating, the radius of the tank body seat is 18cm, the height of the tank body seat is 15cm, the net volume of an inner cavity of the explosion tank body seat 1 is 15.27L, the radius of the upper part of the explosion tank body top cover 2 is 14cm, 20cm, and the net volume of the inner cavity of the explosion tank body top cover 2 is 9.05L, and as a reaction generation chamber for explosion, an experimental sample can be placed therein, a detonator or other initiation devices and the experimental sample are connected, and the detonator or other initiation devices are placed on the support bracket 13, so that.
As shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, an accommodating chamber is provided on the top cap 2 of the explosion tank body, a buffering delay structure 6 is provided in the accommodating chamber, the buffering delay structure 6 includes a buffer spring 61, a fireproof piston 62, an explosion-proof cover 63, a fireproof fabric 64, a first connection bayonet 65 and a second connection bayonet 66, the first connection bayonet 65 is located on the inner wall of the accommodating chamber, one end of the buffer spring 61 is fixed in the accommodating chamber through the first connection bayonet 65, and the other end is fastened and connected to the fireproof piston 62.
The explosion-proof cover body 63 is a porous metal plate, the explosion-proof cover body 63 is limited and fixed in the accommodating cavity through the second connecting bayonet 66, the fireproof cloth 64 is positioned between the explosion-proof cover body 63 and the fireproof piston 62, and the explosion-proof cover body 63 and the fireproof cloth 64 are required to be fixed on the bayonets in sequence when the explosion tank body seat 1 and the explosion tank body top cover 2 are connected, so that explosion products generated by explosion are prevented from being scattered into the delay structure.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, two ignition electrodes 12 are embedded in the top cover 2 of the explosion tank, and the ignition electrodes 12 extend into the seat 1 of the explosion tank, so that a detonator or other initiating device wire fixed on a bracket 13 is connected to the ignition electrodes 12.
The explosion tank body seat 1 is provided with a sealing groove 4, a sealing ring 5 is arranged in the sealing groove 4, and the sealing ring 5 is fixed between the explosion tank body seat 1 and the explosion tank body top cover 2 through 703 silica sol.
As shown in fig. 4, an R-type thermocouple 7 and a PCB temperature-resistant explosion pressure sensor 8 are disposed below the top cover 2 of the explosion tank body in this embodiment, the R-type thermocouple 7 and the PCB temperature-resistant explosion pressure sensor 8 are located in the explosion tank body seat 1, and the R-type thermocouple 7 and the PCB temperature-resistant explosion pressure sensor 8 are electrically connected to an input end of a system controller.
Be equipped with pressure release window 11 on the explosion tank body top cap 2, pressure release window 11 is located one side of holding cavity, is equipped with pressure release solenoid valve 9 on the pressure release window 11, and R type thermocouple 7 and PCB temperature-resistant type explosion pressure sensor 8 are located the both sides of pressure release window 11, pressure release solenoid valve 9 with system controller's output electric connection, the 9 overcoat of pressure release solenoid valve is equipped with the pressure release cover body 10, and the pressure release cover body 10 is inside to be equipped with the internal thread, is equipped with the external screw thread on the pressure release window 11, and the internal thread is 4cm with the block of can screwing of pressure release window 11, and the radius of 10 upper. Before the detonation reaction is not carried out, the pressure relief cover body 10 needs to be screwed with the pressure relief window 11 protruding out of the top cover 2 of the explosion tank body.
The R-type thermocouple 7 and the PCB temperature-resistant type explosion pressure sensor 8 are well connected with a system controller, the pressure relief electromagnetic valve 9 is closed, the detonator and two ignition electrodes 12 on the top cover 2 of the explosion tank body are connected, and a detonator or other initiation equipment is triggered to generate detonation reaction in the seat 1 of the explosion tank body.
After the detonation reaction takes place, when atmospheric pressure sharply increases, when R type thermocouple 7 detects that the internal temperature of jar surpasses the temperature of settlement or PCB temperature-resistant type explosion pressure sensor 8 detects the internal pressure of jar and surpasses the threshold value, can give system controller with signal transmission, thereby make system controller open pressure release solenoid valve 9, the stability and the safety in utilization of the jar body have been strengthened, prevent that buffer spring 61 and the jar body from producing the deformation because of the high pressure, realize the duplicate protection to jar body and experimental apparatus like this, and automatic precision is high, reduce artificial intensity of labour.
The use method of the explosion energy slow release device for synthesizing the new material by explosion comprises the following steps:
s1: placing an experimental sample in the explosion tank body seat 1, fixing a detonator or other initiation equipment on the bracket 13, and connecting the experimental sample with the detonator or other initiation equipment to enable the experimental sample to be in a state to be excited; the bottom of the detonator or other initiating device can be aligned to the experimental sample by fixing the detonator or other initiating device on the bracket 13, so that the energy utilization rate of detonation reaction is increased, and meanwhile, the detonator lead and the ignition electrode 12 also need to be connected.
S2: connecting an explosive tank body seat 1 and an explosive tank body top cover 2 together through an outer hexagon screw 3; the sealing ring 5 is stuck in the groove of the top cover 2 of the explosion tank body, so that the lower end of the top cover 2 of the explosion tank body can be more tightly clamped and fixed with the inner part of the upper end of the seat 1 of the explosion tank body.
S3: and closing the pressure relief cover body, opening the system controller, and connecting the initiator with the upper ignition electrode 12 for ignition. The pressure relief cover body is screwed with the pressure relief window 11 protruding out of the top cover 2 of the explosion tank body, the pressure relief electromagnetic valve 9 is closed, and the pressure relief cover body can be opened when the air pressure or the temperature is too high, so that the tank body and the experimental device are protected doubly.
The buffering delay structure can prolong the action time of explosion impact by the expansion and contraction of the buffer spring and the volume change of the tank top cover in the process of synthesizing a new material by explosion, and simultaneously controls the explosion energy slow-release reaction to be 10-10 by the thickness of the buffer spring and the change of the elastic coefficient of the spring3In the order of mus.
Example 2
The structural components of the explosion energy slow release device for synthesizing a new material by explosion are the same as those in embodiment 1, and different process parameters are that the radius of the tank body seat is 20cm, the height of the tank body seat is 16cm, the net volume of an inner cavity of the explosion tank body seat 1 is 20.11L, the radius of the upper part of the top cover 2 of the explosion tank body is 14cm, the height of the upper part of the top cover 2 of the explosion tank body is 24cm, and the net volume of the inner cavity of the top cover 2 of the. The radius of the upper part of the pressure relief cover body is 6cm, the height of the upper part of the pressure relief cover body is 22cm, and the inner volume of the pressure relief cover body is 2.49L. The sum of the inner volume of the pressure relief cover body and the net volume of the inner cavity of the tank top cover is slightly smaller than the net volume of the inner cavity of the tank body seat, so that the safety of the device during pressure relief can be improved.
Example 3
The structural components of the explosion energy slow release device for synthesizing a new material by explosion are the same as those in the embodiment 1, and different process parameters are as follows: the buffer spring 61 in the buffer delay structure 6 is removed. Keeping other structural parameters the same as those of example 1, the experimental sample was placed in the explosion tank body seat 1, and a detonator or other initiating device was fixed to the holder 13 in the tank body, and the other devices were connected according to example 1 to measure the yield of the product upon completion of the explosion reaction.
Example 4
The structural components of the explosion energy slow release device for synthesizing a new material by explosion are the same as those in the embodiment 1, and different process parameters are as follows: in buffering time delay structure 6, increase 3 the same buffer spring 61 to keep 4 buffer spring 61 to distribute around the axis equidistance of explosion tank body top cap 2, atress is even when making the spring compress. Keeping other structural parameters the same as those of example 1, the experimental sample was placed in the explosion tank body seat 1, and a detonator or other initiating device was fixed to the holder 13 in the tank body, and the other devices were connected according to example 1 to measure the yield of the product upon completion of the explosion reaction.
Under the same condition, changing the number of the buffer springs 61 means that the device plays a role in synthesizing new materials by explosion, and if the buffer springs 61 are not arranged in the embodiment 3, the device can be similar to a common explosion-proof tank body, the product yield is the same as the efficiency obtained by a common device, and after the buffer springs 61 are added, if the buffer springs 61 are arranged in the embodiments 1 and 4, the impact action time of the explosion shock wave is prolonged through repeated expansion and contraction of the buffer springs 61, the purpose of slowly releasing the explosion energy is achieved, and the energy utilization efficiency and the product yield of certain new materials synthesized by explosion are improved.
The explosion-synthesized nanodiamond powder of example 1, example 3 and example 4 was examined, and the results are shown in table 1,
TABLE 1
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (8)
1. An explosion energy slow release device for synthesizing a new material by explosion is characterized by comprising an explosion tank body seat (1) and an explosion tank body top cover (2), wherein outer hexagonal screws (3) distributed in an array manner are arranged between the explosion tank body seat (1) and the explosion tank body top cover (2), a sealing groove (4) is formed in the inner end part of the upper end surface of the explosion tank body seat (1), and a sealing ring (5) is arranged in the sealing groove (4);
the explosion tank body top cover (2) is provided with an accommodating cavity, a buffering delay structure (6) is arranged in the accommodating cavity, the buffering delay structure (6) comprises a buffering spring (61), a fireproof piston (62), an explosion-proof cover body (63), fireproof cloth (64), a first connecting bayonet (65) and a second connecting bayonet (66), the first connecting bayonet (65) is located on the inner wall of the accommodating cavity, one end of the buffering spring (61) is fixed in the accommodating cavity through the first connecting bayonet (65), the other end of the buffering spring is fixedly connected with the fireproof piston (62), the explosion-proof cover body (63) is fixed in the accommodating cavity in a limiting mode through the second connecting bayonet (66), and the fireproof cloth (64) is located between the explosion-proof cover body (63) and the fireproof piston (62);
a supporting bracket (13) for placing detonation equipment is arranged in the explosion tank body seat (1), and a pressure release window (11) is arranged on the explosion tank body top cover (2).
2. The device for slowly releasing the explosion energy for synthesizing the new material by explosion according to claim 1, wherein the top cover (2) of the explosion tank body and the seat (1) of the explosion tank body form a detachable installation structure through an outer hexagon screw (3), two ignition electrodes (12) are embedded in the top cover (2) of the explosion tank body, the ignition electrodes (12) extend into the seat (1) of the explosion tank body, and a lead of an explosion device on a fixed support (13) is connected to the ignition electrodes (12).
3. The device for slowly releasing the explosion energy for the synthesis of new materials by explosion according to claim 1, wherein an R-type thermocouple (7) and a PCB temperature-resistant explosion pressure sensor (8) are arranged below the top cover (2) of the explosion tank, the R-type thermocouple (7) and the PCB temperature-resistant explosion pressure sensor (8) are arranged in the seat (1) of the explosion tank, and the R-type thermocouple (7) and the PCB temperature-resistant explosion pressure sensor (8) are electrically connected with the input end of a system controller.
4. The device for slowly releasing the explosion energy for exploding and synthesizing a new material according to claim 3, wherein the pressure release window (11) is located at one side of the accommodating chamber, a pressure release solenoid valve (9) is arranged on the pressure release window (11), the R-type thermocouple (7) and the PCB temperature-resistant explosion pressure sensor (8) are located at two sides of the pressure release window (11), the pressure release solenoid valve (9) is electrically connected with the output end of the system controller, a pressure release cover body (10) is sleeved outside the pressure release solenoid valve (9), an internal thread is arranged on the pressure release cover body (10), an external thread is arranged on the pressure release window (11), and the pressure release cover body (10) is fixed on the pressure release window (11) through the matching of the internal thread and the external.
5. The explosion energy slow release device for the explosive synthesis of new materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing ring (5) is fixed between the seat (1) of the explosive tank body and the top cover (2) of the explosive tank body by 703 silica sol.
6. The device for slowly releasing the explosion energy for synthesizing the new material by explosion according to claim 1, wherein the seat (1) of the explosion tank body is an explosion-proof tank body provided with an anticorrosive fluorosilicone coating.
7. An explosive energy release device for the explosive synthesis of new materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the explosion proof enclosure (63) is a porous metal sheet.
8. Use of an explosive energy release device for the explosive synthesis of new materials according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
s1: placing an experimental sample in an explosive tank body seat (1), fixing a detonator or other initiating equipment on a bracket (13), and connecting the experimental sample with the detonator or other initiating equipment to enable the experimental sample to be in a state to be excited;
fixing a detonating device on a bracket (13), wherein a detonating device lead is connected with an ignition electrode (12);
s2: connecting the explosive tank body seat (1) and the explosive tank body top cover (2) together through an outer hexagonal screw (3); sticking a sealing ring (5) in a groove of a top cover (2) of the explosion tank body;
s3: and closing the pressure relief cover body, opening the system controller, and connecting the initiator with an upper ignition electrode (12) for ignition.
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