CN112963949A - Epidemic prevention energy-saving intelligent ventilation control system and method based on real-time personnel detection - Google Patents
Epidemic prevention energy-saving intelligent ventilation control system and method based on real-time personnel detection Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
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- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 235000011034 Rubus glaucus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000009122 Rubus idaeus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
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- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 17
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- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 206010035664 Pneumonia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/65—Electronic processing for selecting an operating mode
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
- F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
- F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/10—Temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/20—Humidity
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Abstract
本发明公开基于人员实时检测的防疫节能智能通风控制系统及方法，涉及室内环境控制领域，包括在建筑内安装摄像头(或采用原有监控摄像头)、温湿传感器(或采用原有传感器)和树莓派单片机，以及一套智能化控制风量系统；所述方法及系统通过摄像头捕获监测区域画面，树莓派处理视频数据以此确定各通风区域的人员数量，温湿度传感器将监测到的环境数据传入至树莓派，辅助整个通风系统来调控风量，树莓派调节各送风口的电动风阀，风阀控制散流器的风量，让其智能地在按需通风模式和防疫通风模式中切换，满足各区域实时的通风需求，在有效稀释空气中有害物质的同时，降低通风系统能耗。
The invention discloses an epidemic prevention and energy-saving intelligent ventilation control system and method based on real-time detection of personnel, and relates to the field of indoor environment control. A Raspberry Pi single-chip microcomputer, and an intelligent air volume control system; the method and system capture a picture of a monitoring area through a camera, the Raspberry Pi processes video data to determine the number of people in each ventilation area, and a temperature and humidity sensor will monitor the environmental data It is passed to the Raspberry Pi to assist the entire ventilation system to regulate the air volume. The Raspberry Pi adjusts the electric dampers of each air outlet, and the dampers control the air volume of the diffuser, allowing it to intelligently operate in the on-demand ventilation mode and the epidemic prevention ventilation mode. Switch to meet the real-time ventilation needs of each area, and reduce the energy consumption of the ventilation system while effectively diluting the harmful substances in the air.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of indoor environment control, in particular to an epidemic prevention energy-saving intelligent ventilation control system and method based on real-time personnel detection.
Background
Currently, the novel coronavirus pneumonia is abused worldwide, and large public places (such as malls, railway stations, bus stations, terminal buildings and the like) have high personnel density and mobility, and particularly have high epidemic prevention and control pressure during holidays. The new coronary pneumonia is a respiratory disease, the spread of the new coronary pneumonia can be influenced by air-conditioning airflow tissues, and the infection risk of personnel is easily increased when indoor ventilation is not smooth. Therefore, ventilation plays an important role in the prevention and control of infectious disease epidemic. The minimum ventilation specified by current design standards makes it difficult to guarantee a low level of probability of infection. Related researches show that increasing the fresh air volume can reduce the probability of infection to a certain extent, but the fresh air volume is kept higher all day, on one hand, the relative ventilation standard is exceeded, and energy waste is possibly caused. On the other hand, large public places are not full of people all day and all areas, and there are off-peak hours and uneven distribution of space of people. In this case, the ventilation amount can be appropriately reduced to achieve the purpose of energy saving.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the background art, the invention aims to provide an epidemic prevention energy-saving intelligent ventilation control system and method based on real-time personnel detection, which are used for solving the problems that the ventilation in public places is unreasonable, harmful substances cannot be diluted in time and energy is wasted because the ventilation quantity cannot be adjusted according to the personnel density in real time in the public places.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
an epidemic prevention energy-saving intelligent ventilation control system based on personnel real-time detection comprises an intelligent control system, wherein an air diffuser is arranged at the bottom of the intelligent control system, the intelligent control system comprises a camera, a temperature and humidity sensor and a raspberry group air valve, an air outlet is formed in a public building, a main air pipe is arranged at the air outlet and is connected with a tail end air diffuser through a branch pipe, the raspberry group controls the air valve of each area air diffuser, and the air valve controls the air quantity, so that the intelligent control system can intelligently work between an on-demand ventilation mode and an epidemic prevention ventilation mode;
the camera is used for acquiring indoor real-time pictures; the temperature and humidity sensor is used for monitoring indoor temperature and humidity; the intelligent control system is used for automatically controlling the opening and closing of the air valves of all areas and the air quantity regulation of the air diffuser.
Furthermore, the camera is installed at the top end of the building and placed at an angle of 45 degrees downwards in an inclined mode, and the camera captures a complete picture of a monitoring area.
Furthermore, the temperature and humidity sensor is installed in a personnel activity area, and the temperature and humidity sensor can monitor indoor temperature and humidity.
Furthermore, the raspberry pie is installed near the air valve and is in wired or wireless communication with the air valve, and the raspberry pie controls the opening and closing of the air valve and air volume adjustment.
The epidemic prevention energy-saving intelligent ventilation control method based on real-time personnel detection uses the control system and comprises the following steps:
step 1, installing a camera at the indoor top end or calling original data;
step 4, integrating a temperature and humidity sensor, a camera and a raspberry pie together through a local area network to form a set of intelligent control system;
and 6, when the personnel density exceeds a set threshold value, starting an epidemic prevention ventilation mode, otherwise, adopting an on-demand ventilation mode.
Further, the ventilation volume of the epidemic prevention ventilation mode is determined based on a Wells-Riley model, and the ventilation volume of a given person is calculated through the model by setting a target value of the infection probability.
Further, the infection probability employs a Wells-Riley model modified after adding social distance and ventilation effectiveness:
wherein IP represents the probability of infection, PdIs a formula for social distance index:
Pd＝(-18.19ln(d)+43.276)/100，
b represents the initial probability of infection, q represents the quantum yield (quantum number/s) of an infected individual, p represents the lung ventilation (m3/s) of a susceptible individual, t is the exposure time(s), EzIndicating ventilation effectiveness, Q indicating the ventilation volume of the room (m3/s), N indicating the number of people in the current scene, and d indicating the propagation distance (i.e., the distance between people) (m).
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the temperature and humidity sensor is arranged in the personnel activity area (or the approaching area), so that the indoor temperature and humidity environmental parameters can be monitored in real time, and a regulation and control basis is provided for an intelligent control system;
2. the invention uses the raspberry pi, and the raspberry pi singlechip has the advantages of low application cost, high integration level, strong expansibility, convenient setting and wide applicable range. The air supply quantity is given by the raspberry group to control the electric air valve at the tail end of the ventilation system, and the cost is saved compared with the new installation of an intelligent ventilation system.
3. According to the raspberry pi output control signal, the fan is intelligently switched between an on-demand ventilation mode and an epidemic prevention mode; the energy consumption of the system is reduced while the normal ventilation and the infection risk are reduced; the fresh air volume required by personnel is initially set according to the standard 'design standard for heating, ventilation and air conditioning of civil buildings' (GB 50736-2016); setting the safe social distance between the people to be 2 meters (other reasonable distances can be set), and calculating the reasonable value of the density of the people in the area; judging the ventilation mode which needs to enter the operation of the intelligent ventilation mode according to the region personnel density value as a threshold (such as a personnel density threshold theta in a subregion shown in figure 2); and when the personnel density is lower than a set threshold value (can be estimated according to an actual scene), starting an on-demand ventilation mode, and if the personnel density is higher than the threshold value, entering an epidemic prevention mode.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of the system of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the control principle of the system of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures represent: 1-camera, 2-temperature and humidity sensor, 3-raspberry pie, 4-air valve, 5-air diffuser, 6-air outlet, 7-main air pipe and 8-air valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Epidemic prevention energy-saving intelligent ventilation control system based on personnel real-time detection, including intelligent control system, its characterized in that, intelligent control system's bottom is provided with air diffuser 5, and intelligent control system includes camera 1, temperature and humidity sensor 2, raspberry group 3 and terminal blast gate 4, 8, has seted up air exit 6 in public building. The main air pipe 7 is connected with the tail end air diffuser 5 through a branch pipe, the air valve 4 of the air diffuser 5 in each area is controlled through the raspberry pi 3, and the ventilation quantity of the air quantity tail end air diffuser is controlled through the air valve 4, so that the air quantity tail end air diffuser intelligently works between a demand ventilation mode and an epidemic prevention ventilation mode (as shown in figure 3);
as shown in fig. 1, a camera 1 is used for acquiring real-time pictures indoors; the temperature and humidity sensor 2 is used for monitoring indoor temperature and humidity; the raspberry pi 3 is used for automatically controlling the opening of the air valve 4 of each area and adjusting the air quantity of the air diffuser 5.
The camera 1 is arranged at the top end of a building and is placed at an angle of 45 degrees downwards in an inclined mode, and the camera 1 captures a complete picture of a monitoring area.
The temperature and humidity sensor 2 is installed in a personnel activity area, and the temperature and humidity sensor 2 can monitor indoor temperature and humidity.
Raspberry pie 3 install near blast gate 8, carry out wired or wireless communication like bluetooth communication with blast gate 4, 8, raspberry pie 3 control blast gate 4, 8 aperture and air regulation.
An epidemic prevention energy-saving intelligent ventilation control method based on real-time personnel detection uses the control system, as shown in figure 2, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, installing a camera 1 at the indoor top end, or calling data of the original camera 1.
And 2, installing a temperature and humidity sensor 2 in a personnel activity area (or an approaching area).
And 3, installing a raspberry pie 3 near the air valve, and communicating with the air valve 4 and the air valve 8 through wires.
And 4, integrating the sensor 2, the camera 1 and the raspberry pi 3 together through a local area network to form a set of intelligent control system.
And step 5, the raspberry pi 3 calls a real-time picture captured by the camera 1, the real-time picture is processed by an image processing algorithm of YOLO (you Only Look one), and personnel density data of the area corresponding to each diffuser 5 are output.
Step 6, when the personnel density exceeds a set threshold value, starting an epidemic prevention ventilation mode; otherwise, adopting an on-demand ventilation mode.
TABLE 1 relationship table of fresh air volume and person density (GB50736-2016) (taking the waiting hall as an example)
Wherein the ventilation volume for the on-demand ventilation mode is determined as in table 1. The ventilation volume of the epidemic prevention ventilation mode is determined based on a Wells-Riley model, and the ventilation volume of a given person is calculated through the model by setting a target value of the infection probability.
Infection probability the Wells-Riley model was used with corrections added to social distance and ventilation effectiveness:
wherein IP represents the probability of infection, PdIs a formula for social distance index:
Pd＝(-18.19ln(d)+43.276)/100，
b represents the initial probability of infection, q represents the quantum yield (quantum number/s) of an infected individual, p represents the lung ventilation (m3/s) of a susceptible individual, t is the exposure time(s), EzIndicating the effectiveness of ventilation, Q indicating the ventilation volume of the room (m3/s), N indicating the number of people in the current scene, d indicating the transmission distance (m).
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (7)
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113570636A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-10-29 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Draught fan ventilation amount detection method and device |
| CN113611407A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-11-05 | 西南交通大学 | A new coronavirus infection assessment method for the interior of public transport vehicles |
| CN113606749A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-11-05 | 东南大学 | Partition on-demand ventilation control method based on personnel pixel density |
| CN113932327A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-01-14 | 深圳市今典建筑科技有限公司 | Novel central air conditioner and air treatment system for building epidemic prevention |
| CN114963413A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-08-30 | 日立楼宇技术（广州）有限公司 | An air conditioner control method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN115789904A (en) * | 2023-02-06 | 2023-03-14 | 中国海洋大学 | Intelligent air volume control system and control method for suppressing the risk of spreading new coronary pneumonia |
| CN118242740A (en) * | 2024-05-06 | 2024-06-25 | 中联科锐消防科技有限公司 | Mechanical air supplementing method for deep-buried subway station |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113570636A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-10-29 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Draught fan ventilation amount detection method and device |
| CN113570636B (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2024-05-10 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Method and device for detecting ventilation quantity of fan |
| CN113606749A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-11-05 | 东南大学 | Partition on-demand ventilation control method based on personnel pixel density |
| CN113611407A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-11-05 | 西南交通大学 | A new coronavirus infection assessment method for the interior of public transport vehicles |
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| CN114963413A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-08-30 | 日立楼宇技术（广州）有限公司 | An air conditioner control method, device, equipment and storage medium |
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| CN118242740A (en) * | 2024-05-06 | 2024-06-25 | 中联科锐消防科技有限公司 | Mechanical air supplementing method for deep-buried subway station |
| CN118242740B (en) * | 2024-05-06 | 2024-09-24 | 中联科锐消防科技有限公司 | Mechanical air supplementing method for deep-buried subway station |
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