CN112963949B - Epidemic prevention energy-saving intelligent ventilation control system and method based on real-time personnel detection - Google Patents
Epidemic prevention energy-saving intelligent ventilation control system and method based on real-time personnel detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN112963949B CN112963949B CN202110203407.4A CN202110203407A CN112963949B CN 112963949 B CN112963949 B CN 112963949B CN 202110203407 A CN202110203407 A CN 202110203407A CN 112963949 B CN112963949 B CN 112963949B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/65—Electronic processing for selecting an operating mode
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
- F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
- F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/10—Temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/20—Humidity
Abstract
The invention discloses an epidemic prevention energy-saving intelligent ventilation control system and method based on real-time personnel detection, which relate to the field of indoor environment control and comprise a camera (or an original monitoring camera), a temperature and humidity sensor (or an original sensor) and a raspberry singlechip which are arranged in a building, and a set of intelligent control air volume system; according to the method and the system, the pictures of the monitoring areas are captured through the camera, the raspberry group processes the video data to determine the number of people in each ventilation area, the temperature and humidity sensor transmits the monitored environmental data to the raspberry group to assist the whole ventilation system to regulate and control the air volume, the raspberry group regulates the electric air valve of each air supply outlet, and the air valve controls the air volume of the air diffuser, so that the air diffuser can be intelligently switched between an on-demand ventilation mode and an epidemic prevention ventilation mode, the real-time ventilation requirements of each area are met, and the energy consumption of the ventilation system is reduced while harmful substances in the air are effectively diluted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of indoor environment control, in particular to an epidemic prevention energy-saving intelligent ventilation control system and method based on real-time personnel detection.
Background
Currently, the novel coronavirus pneumonia is abused worldwide, and large public places (such as malls, railway stations, bus stations, terminal buildings and the like) have high personnel density and mobility, and particularly have high epidemic prevention and control pressure during holidays. The new coronary pneumonia is a respiratory disease, the spread of the new coronary pneumonia can be influenced by air-conditioning airflow tissues, and the infection risk of personnel is easily increased when indoor ventilation is not smooth. Therefore, ventilation plays an important role in the prevention and control of infectious disease epidemic. The minimum ventilation specified by current design standards makes it difficult to guarantee a low level of probability of infection. Related researches show that increasing the fresh air volume can reduce the probability of infection to a certain extent, but the fresh air volume is kept higher all day, on one hand, the relative ventilation standard is exceeded, and energy waste is possibly caused. On the other hand, large public places are not full of people all day and all areas, and there are off-peak hours and uneven distribution of space of people. In this case, the ventilation amount can be appropriately reduced to achieve the purpose of energy saving.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the background art, the invention aims to provide an epidemic prevention energy-saving intelligent ventilation control system and method based on real-time personnel detection, which are used for solving the problems that the ventilation in public places is unreasonable, harmful substances cannot be diluted in time and energy is wasted because the ventilation quantity cannot be adjusted according to the personnel density in real time in the public places.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
an epidemic prevention energy-saving intelligent ventilation control method based on real-time personnel detection comprises the following steps:
step 1, installing a camera at the indoor top end or calling original data;
step 4, integrating a temperature and humidity sensor, a camera and a raspberry pie together through a local area network to form a set of intelligent control system;
step 6, when the personnel density exceeds a set threshold value, starting an epidemic prevention ventilation mode, otherwise, adopting an on-demand ventilation mode;
the ventilation volume of the epidemic prevention ventilation mode is determined based on a Wells-Riley model, and the ventilation volume under the condition of given personnel is calculated through the model by setting a target value of infection probability;
the infection probability employs a Wells-Riley model modified after adding social distance and ventilation effectiveness:
wherein IP represents the probability of infection, PdIs a formula for social distance index:
Pd＝(-18.19ln(d)+43.276)/100
b represents the initial probability of infection, q represents the quantum yield of an infected individual, p represents the lung ventilation of a susceptible individual, t is the exposure time, EzIndicating ventilation effectiveness, Q indicating the ventilation volume of the room, N indicating the number of people in the current scene, and d indicating the transmission distance.
An epidemic prevention energy-saving intelligent ventilation control system based on real-time personnel detection is used for executing the method and comprises an intelligent control system, wherein an air diffuser is arranged at the bottom of the intelligent control system, the intelligent control system comprises a camera, a temperature and humidity sensor and a raspberry group air valve, an air outlet is formed in a public building, a main air pipe is arranged at the air outlet and is connected with a tail end air diffuser through a branch pipe, the raspberry group controls the air valve of each regional air diffuser, and the air valve controls the air quantity, so that the intelligent control system can intelligently work between an on-demand ventilation mode and an epidemic prevention ventilation mode;
the camera is used for acquiring indoor real-time pictures; the temperature and humidity sensor is used for monitoring indoor temperature and humidity; the intelligent control system is used for automatically controlling the opening and closing of the air valves of all areas and the air quantity regulation of the air diffuser.
Furthermore, the camera is installed at the top end of the building and placed at an angle of 45 degrees downwards in an inclined mode, and the camera captures a complete picture of a monitoring area.
Furthermore, the temperature and humidity sensor is installed in a personnel activity area, and the temperature and humidity sensor can monitor indoor temperature and humidity.
Furthermore, the raspberry group is installed near the air valve and is in wired communication with the air valve, and the raspberry group controls the opening and closing of the air valve and air volume adjustment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the temperature and humidity sensor is arranged in the personnel activity area, so that the indoor temperature and humidity environmental parameters can be monitored in real time, and a regulation and control basis is provided for an intelligent control system;
2. the invention uses the raspberry pi, and the raspberry pi singlechip has the advantages of low application cost, high integration level, strong expansibility, convenient setting and wide applicable range. The air supply quantity is given by the raspberry group to control the electric air valve at the tail end of the ventilation system, and the cost is saved compared with the new installation of an intelligent ventilation system.
3. According to the raspberry pi output control signal, the fan is intelligently switched between an on-demand ventilation mode and an epidemic prevention mode; the energy consumption of the system is reduced while the normal ventilation and the infection risk are reduced; the fresh air volume required by personnel is initially set according to the standard 'design standard for heating, ventilation and air conditioning of civil buildings' (GB 50736-2016); setting the safe social distance between the people to be 2 meters (other reasonable distances can be set), and calculating the reasonable value of the density of the people in the area; judging the ventilation mode which needs to enter the operation of the intelligent ventilation mode according to the region personnel density value as a threshold (such as a personnel density threshold theta in a subregion shown in figure 2); and when the personnel density is lower than a set threshold value (can be estimated according to an actual scene), starting an on-demand ventilation mode, and if the personnel density is higher than the threshold value, entering an epidemic prevention mode.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of the system of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the control principle of the system of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures represent: 1-camera, 2-temperature and humidity sensor, 3-raspberry pie, 4-air valve, 5-air diffuser, 6-air outlet, 7-main air pipe and 8-air valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Epidemic prevention energy-saving intelligent ventilation control system based on personnel real-time detection, including intelligent control system, its characterized in that, intelligent control system's bottom is provided with air diffuser 5, and intelligent control system includes camera 1, temperature and humidity sensor 2, raspberry group 3 and terminal blast gate 4, 8, has seted up air exit 6 in public building. The main air pipe 7 is connected with the tail end air diffuser 5 through a branch pipe, the air valve 4 of the air diffuser 5 in each area is controlled through the raspberry pi 3, and the ventilation quantity of the air quantity tail end air diffuser is controlled through the air valve 4, so that the air quantity tail end air diffuser intelligently works between a demand ventilation mode and an epidemic prevention ventilation mode (as shown in figure 3);
as shown in fig. 1, a camera 1 is used for acquiring real-time pictures indoors; the temperature and humidity sensor 2 is used for monitoring indoor temperature and humidity; the raspberry pi 3 is used for automatically controlling the opening of the air valve 4 of each area and adjusting the air quantity of the air diffuser 5.
The camera 1 is installed at the top end of a building and placed at an angle of 45 degrees downwards in an inclined mode, and the camera 1 captures a complete picture of a monitoring area.
Temperature and humidity sensor 2 installs in personnel's active area, and temperature and humidity sensor 2 can monitor indoor temperature and humidity.
Raspberry pie 3 is installed near blast gate 8, carries out wired communication with blast gate 4, 8, and Raspberry pie 3 controls the aperture and the air regulation of blast gate 4, 8.
An epidemic prevention energy-saving intelligent ventilation control method based on real-time personnel detection uses the control system, as shown in figure 2, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, installing a camera 1 at the indoor top end, or calling data of the original camera 1.
And 2, installing a temperature and humidity sensor 2 in the personnel activity area.
And 3, installing a raspberry pie 3 near the air valve, and communicating with the air valve 4 and the air valve 8 through wires.
And 4, integrating the sensor 2, the camera 1 and the raspberry pi 3 together through a local area network to form a set of intelligent control system.
And step 5, the raspberry pi 3 calls a real-time picture captured by the camera 1, the real-time picture is processed by an image processing algorithm of YOLO (YouOnly Look one), and personnel density data of the area corresponding to each diffuser 5 are output.
Step 6, when the personnel density exceeds a set threshold value, starting an epidemic prevention ventilation mode; otherwise, adopting an on-demand ventilation mode.
TABLE 1 relationship table of fresh air volume and person density (GB50736-2016) (taking the waiting hall as an example)
Wherein the ventilation volume for the on-demand ventilation mode is determined as in table 1. The ventilation volume of the epidemic prevention ventilation mode is determined based on a Wells-Riley model, and the ventilation volume of a given person is calculated through the model by setting a target value of the infection probability.
Infection probability the Wells-Riley model was used with corrections added to social distance and ventilation effectiveness:
wherein IP represents the probability of infection, PdIs a formula for social distance index:
Pd＝(-18.19ln(d)+43.276)/100，
b represents the initial probability of infection, q represents the quantum yield (quantum number/s) of an infected individual, p represents the lung ventilation (m3/s) of a susceptible individual, t is the exposure time(s), EzIndicating the effectiveness of ventilation, Q indicating the ventilation volume of the room (m3/s), N indicating the number of people in the current scene, d indicating the transmission distance (m).
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (5)
1. An epidemic prevention energy-saving intelligent ventilation control method based on real-time personnel detection is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, installing a camera (1) at the indoor top end, or calling the data of an original monitoring camera;
step 2, installing a temperature and humidity sensor (2) in a personnel activity area;
step 3, installing a raspberry pie (3) near the air valves (4, 8), and communicating with the air valves (4, 8) through wires;
step 4, integrating the temperature and humidity sensor (2), the camera (1) and the raspberry pie (3) together through a local area network to form a set of intelligent control system;
step 5, the raspberry pi (3) calls a real-time picture captured by the camera (1), the real-time picture is processed by a YOLO image processing algorithm, and personnel density data of the area corresponding to each diffuser are output;
step 6, when the personnel density exceeds a set threshold value, starting an epidemic prevention ventilation mode, otherwise, adopting an on-demand ventilation mode;
the ventilation volume of the epidemic prevention ventilation mode is determined based on a Wells-Riley model, and the ventilation volume of a given person is calculated through the model by setting a target value of the infection probability;
the infection probability employs a Wells-Riley model modified after adding social distance and ventilation effectiveness:
whereinIPWhich represents the probability of infection,P d is a formula for social distance index:
Brepresents the probability of initial infection and,qindicating the quantum production rate produced by an infected person,prepresents the lung ventilation rate of a susceptible individual,tis the time of the exposure to the light,E z the effectiveness of the ventilation is indicated and,Qwhich represents the amount of ventilation of the room,Nindicating the number of people in the current scene,dindicating the transmission distance.
2. An epidemic prevention energy-saving intelligent ventilation control system based on real-time personnel detection, which is used for executing the epidemic prevention energy-saving intelligent ventilation control method based on real-time personnel detection as claimed in claim 1, and comprises an intelligent control system, it is characterized in that the bottom of the intelligent control system is provided with an air diffuser (5), the intelligent control system comprises a camera (1), a temperature and humidity sensor (2), a raspberry pie (3) and air valves (4, 8), an air outlet (6) is arranged in a public building, a main air pipe (7) is arranged at the air outlet (6), the main air pipe (7) is connected with a tail-end air diffuser (5) through a branch pipe, a raspberry group (3) controls air valves (4, 8) of the air diffusers (5) in all areas, the ventilation quantity of the air quantity tail end air diffuser is controlled through air valves (4 and 8), so that the air quantity tail end air diffuser intelligently works between an on-demand ventilation mode and an epidemic prevention ventilation mode;
the camera (1) is used for acquiring indoor real-time pictures; the temperature and humidity sensor (2) is used for monitoring indoor temperature and humidity; the raspberry pie (3) is used for automatically controlling the opening degree of the air valves (4 and 8) in each area and adjusting the air quantity of the air diffuser (5).
3. The epidemic prevention energy-saving intelligent ventilation control system based on real-time personnel detection as claimed in claim 2, wherein the camera (1) is installed at the top end of the building and is placed at an angle of 45 degrees downwards, and the camera (1) captures a complete picture of the monitoring area.
4. The epidemic prevention energy-saving intelligent ventilation control system based on real-time personnel detection according to claim 2, characterized in that the temperature and humidity sensor (2) is installed in a personnel activity area, and the temperature and humidity sensor (2) can monitor indoor temperature and humidity.
5. The epidemic prevention energy-saving intelligent ventilation control system based on real-time personnel detection according to claim 2, characterized in that the raspberry pi (3) is installed near the air valves (4, 8) and is in wired communication with the air valves (4, 8), and the raspberry pi (3) controls the opening of the air valves (4, 8) and adjusts the air volume.
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Families Citing this family (6)
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| CN113570636A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-10-29 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Draught fan ventilation amount detection method and device |
| CN113606749B (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2023-04-18 | 东南大学 | Partition on-demand ventilation control method based on personnel pixel density |
| CN113611407B (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2023-03-21 | 西南交通大学 | Novel coronavirus infection condition assessment method for interior of bus |
| CN113932327A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-01-14 | 深圳市今典建筑科技有限公司 | Novel central air conditioner and air treatment system for building epidemic prevention |
| CN114963413B (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2023-07-04 | 日立楼宇技术（广州）有限公司 | Control method, device, equipment and storage medium of air conditioner |
| CN115789904B (en) * | 2023-02-06 | 2023-05-09 | 中国海洋大学 | Intelligent air volume control system and control method for inhibiting new crown pneumonia propagation risk |
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