CN112963470A - Floating brake for monitoring brake positive pressure and monitoring method thereof - Google Patents

Floating brake for monitoring brake positive pressure and monitoring method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112963470A
CN112963470A CN202110423208.4A CN202110423208A CN112963470A CN 112963470 A CN112963470 A CN 112963470A CN 202110423208 A CN202110423208 A CN 202110423208A CN 112963470 A CN112963470 A CN 112963470A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
brake
positive pressure
disc
braking
group
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Pending
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CN202110423208.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
徐桂云
王志强
齐学海
崔宝亮
王海亮
刘锦
张小康
马清杰
侯紫清
张晓光
成佳颐
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Xuzhou Daheng Measurement & Control Technology Co ltd
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Xuzhou Daheng Measurement & Control Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202110423208.4A priority Critical patent/CN112963470A/en
Publication of CN112963470A publication Critical patent/CN112963470A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
    • F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
    • F16D55/226—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
    • F16D2066/005—Force, torque, stress or strain

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

A floating brake for monitoring the positive pressure of braking is composed of left and right brake shoes installed to the brake holders at both sides of brake disk, the cylindrical column of brake holder, the disc spring group and oil cylinder at left side for realizing the braking of left and right brake shoes, and the disc spring brake for diagnosing the failure of left or right brake group and monitoring the positive pressure of terminal braking as the basis for diagnosing failure and giving control instruction: before starting, if the vehicle is allowed to start, if the vehicle is equal to zero, the vehicle is allowed to start, if the vehicle is not equal to zero, the open brake fault is diagnosed, and the current vehicle is locked; in operation, if the brake is not equal to zero, the brake application fault is diagnosed, and the safety brake is started; when braking, the braking positive pressure allowable value is larger than or equal to the braking positive pressure allowable value, the next driving is allowed, and when the braking positive pressure allowable value is smaller than the braking positive pressure allowable value, the failure caused by insufficient braking positive pressure is diagnosed, and the next driving is locked. The braking performance and the safety reliability of the caliper disc brake are greatly improved.

Description

Floating brake for monitoring brake positive pressure and monitoring method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a floating brake for monitoring braking positive pressure and a monitoring method thereof, which are particularly suitable for monitoring the braking positive pressure of a caliper disc brake of a mine hoist and a belt conveyor for coal mines.
Background
The patent number ZL201620193301.5 authorizes the floating disc brake of kilometer deep well lifting machine, although the patent states that can dynamic real-time monitoring brake positive pressure between brake shoe and brake disc, what actually monitors is the disc spring force, and not the brake positive pressure between brake shoe and brake disc: dish spring seat sensor sets up the right-hand member at belleville spring subassembly, has monitored the dish spring power that belleville spring subassembly warp and produce from the right-hand member, and pressure sensor passes through T shape piston pressure at belleville spring subassembly's left end, and T shape piston moves left under the effect of dish spring and presses on pressure sensor, has monitored the dish spring power that belleville spring subassembly warp and produce from the left end. The disc spring force can be applied to the brake disc after overcoming the friction force at a plurality of positions of the disc spring hole, the T-shaped piston shaft, the brake cylinder barrel, the brake piston, the sliding pin shaft and the bracket, and the brake positive pressure between the brake shoe and the brake disc is applied to the brake disc. The monitored disc spring force is mistakenly used as the braking positive pressure, the purpose of improving the reliability of the brake by monitoring the braking positive pressure is not achieved, hidden dangers exist, during braking, although the monitored disc spring force is larger than the allowable value of the braking positive pressure, the friction force at multiple positions is increased to be not zero due to fatigue fracture of the disc spring, rusting of a sliding pair and the like, the actual braking positive pressure is smaller than the allowable value, and the hidden danger of insufficient braking positive pressure exists; if the friction force at a plurality of positions is increased to be larger than the disc spring force, the brake shoe is locked and is not pressed on the brake disc, and the major hidden trouble that the actual braking positive pressure is zero exists, which may cause major accidents. Therefore, the disc spring force is monitored, the brake positive pressure of the brake shoe pressing on the brake disc is not monitored, all brake faults cannot be monitored, major accidents caused by brake failure still occur, the monitored disc spring force is invalid, the monitored brake positive pressure of the brake shoe pressing on the brake disc is valid, and therefore the invention provides the floating brake for monitoring the brake positive pressure of the brake shoe pressing on the brake disc.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: the invention aims to provide a floating brake capable of monitoring the positive braking pressure when a brake shoe is pressed on a brake disc, aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a floating brake for monitoring brake positive pressure, which comprises: the brake disc, the left brake shoe, the left lining plate, the barrel, the support, the brake seat, the disc spring group, the oil cylinder, the piston, the adjusting screw, the rear cover, the first screw, the right brake shoe and the right lining plate, wherein the outline of the brake seat is of a cylindrical integral structure, an outline cylinder is sleeved on the support and is in movable fit with a hole of the support, a third key is arranged at the matching position, a groove suitable for placing the brake disc, the brake shoe and the lining plate is formed in the middle of the outline cylinder of the brake seat, the left brake shoe, the left lining plate, the right brake shoe and the right lining plate are connected through dovetail grooves, a step hole is formed in the left side of the groove, a through hole which is coaxial with a step on the left side is formed in the right side of the groove, the step hole on the left side of the groove is in movable fit with; the left side of the cylinder body is provided with a blind hole with an inner shaft or a blind hole without the inner shaft for mounting the disc spring group; the through hole on the right side of the groove is movably matched with the column casing of the right lining plate, a key IV is arranged at the matching position, and a first braking positive pressure sensor positioned between the end of the through hole on the right side of the groove and the right lining plate is arranged on the column casing connected with the right side of the right lining plate.
The first brake positive pressure sensor is a stepped disc, a central hole of the stepped disc is in movable fit with a column casing of the right lining plate, a left annular groove and a right annular groove are symmetrically arranged on the end face of the disc, a first strain gauge connected with a first signal line is placed in the left annular groove or the right annular groove, the outer end face of the disc on the left annular groove side is slightly higher than the inner end face and abuts against the right lining plate, the inner end face of the disc of the right annular groove is slightly higher than the outer end face and abuts against a through hole end on the right side of the annular groove of the brake base.
The first strain gauges are 4-8 and are uniformly distributed on the circular ring at the bottom of the left annular groove or the right annular groove.
The outer edge of the bottom of the cylinder body is connected with a second braking positive pressure sensor of which the outer cylindrical surface is slightly higher than the bottom end surface of the cylinder body, grooves for placing second strain gauges are symmetrically arranged on a circular ring of the second braking positive pressure sensor, the second strain gauges are connected with a second signal line, and the cylindrical surface is in static fit with a left end hole of the left lining plate.
The second strain gauges are 4-8 and are uniformly distributed on the circular ring at the bottom of the left annular groove or the right annular groove.
A first key is arranged at the static matching position of the cylindrical surface of the second braking positive pressure sensor and the left end hole of the left lining plate, and a plurality of second screws are arranged at the connecting position of an outer circular ring of the second braking positive pressure sensor and the left lining plate.
The bottom of the cylinder body is connected with the left lining plate into a whole.
The invention discloses a monitoring method of a floating brake for monitoring positive braking pressure, which comprises the following steps:
when braking, the outer end face of the left annular groove of the first braking positive pressure sensor bears the right braking positive pressure F of the brake disc under the action of the right brake shoe and the right lining plate3The inner end surface of the right annular groove bears the resultant force F of the disc spring force and the friction force of a plurality of positions of the right brake set4，F3＝-F4The thickness and width of the bottom of the annular groove are according to F3The size of the left and right annular grooves is determined, the bottom circular rings of the left and right annular grooves are arranged at F3And F4Is a strain zone, F3Is in direct proportion to the strain, the strain signal is output to an upper computer through a first signal wire, and the braking positive pressure F is monitored in real time3The size of (d); the outer end face of a right annular groove of the second braking positive pressure sensor bears a left braking positive pressure F of a brake disc under the action of a left brake shoe and a left lining plate1The inner end surface of the left annular groove bears the resultant force F of the disc spring force, the friction force at multiple positions of the left brake set and the residual oil pressure2，F1＝-F2The bottom thickness and width of the left and right annular grooves are according to F1The size of the left and right annular grooves is determined, the bottom circular rings of the left and right annular grooves are arranged at F1And F2Is a strain zone, F1Is in direct proportion to the strain, the strain signal is output to an upper computer through a second signal wire, and the braking positive pressure F is monitored in real time1The size of (d);
the friction force of the right brake group comprises the friction force between a hole of the disc spring group and an inner shaft of the cylinder body or between a shaft of the disc spring group and an inner hole of the cylinder body, between a left hole of the brake seat and an outer edge surface of the cylinder body and between a key II, between an oil cylinder and a sealing ring I in the hydraulic cylinder assembly and a small shaft of the piston, between a rear cover and a sealing ring II and a large shaft of the piston, between a contour cylinder and a key III of the brake seat and a hole of the bracket, between a right hole of the brake seat and a shaft and a key IV of the right lining plate, and between a hole of the first braking positive pressure sensor and a shaft of the right lining plate;
and (3) braking process: after the oil pressure is reduced to the residual oil pressure from the brake-off state, the disc spring force of the disc spring group after being extended rightwards is used as the driving force, the resultant force of the friction force of a plurality of positions of the left brake group and the residual oil pressure acting on the piston is overcome to push the left brake shoe to move rightwards to press the brake disc, and the left brake shoe presses the left brake positive pressure F of the brake disc1The combined force of the disc spring force, the friction forces of multiple positions of the left brake set and the residual oil pressure is equal, then the disc spring force which is stretched leftwards by the disc spring set is used as the driving force, the multiple positions of the friction force of the right brake set are overcome to push the right brake shoe to move leftwards to press the brake disc to realize closing brake, and the right brake shoe presses the right brake positive pressure F of the brake disc to realize closing brake3Equal to the resultant force of the disc spring force and the friction force of a plurality of positions of the right brake set;
the friction force of the left brake group comprises the friction force between a hole of a disc spring group and an inner shaft of a cylinder body or between a shaft of the disc spring group and a hole of the cylinder body, between a left hole of a brake seat and an outer edge shaft and between a key II of the cylinder body, between an oil cylinder and a sealing ring I in a hydraulic cylinder assembly and a small shaft, between a rear cover and a sealing ring II of a piston and between a large shaft of the piston, wherein the residual oil pressure is equal to the oil pressure unloaded to the residual oil pressure during braking, and the residual oil pressure value is less than 0.5 MPa;
the left brake group comprises a left brake shoe, a left lining plate, a cylinder body, a second brake positive pressure sensor, a disc spring group, an oil cylinder, a piston, a rear cover and a screw I;
the right side brake group comprises a brake shoe, a right lining plate, a first brake positive pressure sensor and a brake seat;
monitoring process before brake is finished and brake is reopened: if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3If the allowable value is larger than or equal to the braking positive pressure, indicating that no fault exists, allowing the next driving; if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3If the pressure is less than the allowable value of the positive braking pressure, alarming and locking the next driving, continuously diagnosing the fault according to monitoring, and if the pressure is less than the allowable value of the positive braking pressure F1If the brake positive pressure is greater than the allowable value of the brake positive pressure, the brake positive pressure applied to the brake disc by the right brake group is diagnosed to be insufficient; if monitoring the positive pressure F of left brake1If the brake pressure is less than the allowable value of the brake positive pressure, the brake positive pressure applied to the brake disc by the left brake group is diagnosed to be insufficient, and the vehicle can be driven after the failure of insufficient brake positive pressure is eliminated;
opening a gate: after the oil pressure in a closing brake state rises to the working oil pressure, the working oil pressure acting on a piston is used as a driving force, the disc spring group is continuously compressed by overcoming the resultant force of the disc spring force generated by the compression deformation of the disc spring group and the friction force of a plurality of positions of a left brake group, a left brake shoe is moved away from a brake opening disc to reach a total brake clearance delta which is set by an adjusting screw and is smaller than 2mm, the brake disc rotates and generates left-right deflection, the brake disc deflects rightwards to push the brake group to move rightwards on a support, the brake group is an assembly formed by connecting the right brake group and the left brake group together through the adjusting screw, the brake disc deflects leftwards to move leftwards on the support, the brake group moves leftwards on the support to move leftwards, namely floats, and the right brake shoe floatsThe brake clearance from the brake disc is increased to delta2While reducing the brake clearance between the left brake shoe and the brake disc to delta1Whether or not Δ1、Δ2How to change, all maintain a1+Δ2Δ, wherein: delta1For the brake clearance of the left brake-shoe from the brake disc, Δ2The right brake shoe leaves the brake gap of the brake disc;
the monitoring process before driving: if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3If no fault is found, the driving is allowed; if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3Not equal to 0, the vehicle is not allowed to be driven, the fault is continuously diagnosed according to monitoring, and if the positive pressure F of the left brake is detected1If the brake pressure is equal to 0, the right brake group is diagnosed as a non-open brake fault, and if the left brake positive pressure F is obtained1If not equal to 0, the left brake group is diagnosed as a brake-not-open fault, and the vehicle can be driven after the fault is eliminated;
the brake opening state monitoring process includes the steps of driving the brake disc rotating lifter, and monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3If not equal to 0, alarming and starting safety brake, continuously diagnosing faults according to monitoring, and if the positive pressure F of the left brake is obtained1If the brake application fault is equal to 0, the brake application fault of the right brake group is diagnosed, and if the brake positive pressure F is left1If not equal to 0, the brake application fault of the left brake group is diagnosed, and the vehicle can be driven after the fault is eliminated;
the above processes are circulated, and the real-time monitoring of the braking positive pressure is completed to achieve the reliable operation of the floating brake.
The invention discloses another monitoring method of a floating brake for monitoring the positive braking pressure, which comprises the following steps:
when braking, the outer end face of the left annular groove of the first braking positive pressure sensor bears the right braking positive pressure F of the brake disc under the action of the right brake shoe and the right lining plate3The inner end surface of the right annular groove bears the resultant force F of the disc spring force and the friction force of a plurality of positions of the right brake set4，F3＝-F4The thickness and width of the bottom of the annular groove are according to F3The size of the left and right annular grooves is determined, the bottom circular rings of the left and right annular grooves are arranged at F3And F4Is a strain zone, F3Is in direct proportion to the strain, the strain signal is output to an upper computer through a first signal wire, and the braking positive pressure F is monitored in real time3Of (1);
and (3) braking process: after the oil pressure is reduced to the residual oil pressure from the brake-opening state, the disc spring force of the disc spring group extending rightwards is used as the driving force, the resultant force of the friction force of the left brake group and the residual oil pressure acting on the piston is overcome to push the left brake shoe to move rightwards to press the brake disc, then the disc spring group extends leftwards and is used as the driving force, the friction force of the right brake group is overcome to push the right brake shoe to move leftwards to press the brake disc to realize closing brake, and the right brake positive pressure F of the right brake shoe pressing the brake disc is used as the driving force3Equal to the resultant force of the disc spring force and the friction force of a plurality of positions of the right brake set;
the left brake set comprises a left brake shoe, a left lining plate, a cylinder body, a disc spring set, an oil cylinder, a piston, a rear cover and a screw I;
the right side brake group comprises a brake shoe, a right lining plate, a first brake positive pressure sensor and a brake seat;
monitoring process before brake is finished and brake is reopened: if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3If the allowable value is larger than or equal to the braking positive pressure, indicating that no fault exists, allowing the next driving; if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3If the brake positive pressure is less than the allowable value of the brake positive pressure, diagnosing the fault that the brake positive pressure applied to the brake disc by the brake group is insufficient, alarming and locking the next start, and starting after the fault that the brake positive pressure is insufficient is eliminated, wherein the brake group is an assembly formed by connecting a right brake group and a left brake group together through an adjusting screw;
opening a gate: after the oil pressure in a closing brake state is increased to the working oil pressure, the working oil pressure acting on a piston is used as a driving force, the disc spring group is continuously compressed by overcoming the resultant force of the disc spring force generated by the compression deformation of the disc spring group and the friction force of a plurality of positions of a left brake group, a left brake shoe is moved away from an opening disc to reach a total brake clearance delta which is set by an adjusting screw and is smaller than 2mm, the brake disc rotates and generates left-right deflection, the right deflection of the brake disc swings to push the brake group to move rightwards on a bracket, the left deflection of the brake disc moves to push the brake group to move leftwards on the bracket, the left-right movement of the brake group on the bracket is floating, and the floating result increases the brake clearance between the right brake shoe2While reducing the brake clearance between the left brake shoe and the brake disc to delta1Whether or notΔ1、Δ2How to change, all maintain a1+Δ2＝Δ；
The monitoring process before driving: if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3If no fault is found, the driving is allowed; if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3Not equal to 0, if the brake group is diagnosed to have a brake-not-opening fault, the vehicle is not allowed to be driven, and the vehicle can be driven after the fault is eliminated;
the monitoring process of the opening state: the brake disc rotating hoister is driven, if the positive pressure F of the right brake is monitored3Not equal to 0, if the brake application fault of the brake group is diagnosed, alarming and starting safety braking;
the above processes are circulated, and the real-time monitoring of the braking positive pressure is completed to achieve the reliable operation of the floating brake.
Has the advantages that: the invention discloses a brake for monitoring disc spring force, which is characterized in that the disc spring force is monitored by the existing brake and is not the brake positive pressure when a brake shoe presses a brake disc, the disc spring force can be applied to the brake disc only by overcoming friction force at a plurality of positions during braking, the brake positive pressure is applied to the brake disc, obviously, the disc spring force is not equal to the brake positive pressure and is greater than the brake positive pressure, the monitored disc spring force is mistakenly taken as the brake positive pressure, and the brake failure accident of the brake for monitoring the disc spring force still can be caused. According to the provisions of coal safety regulation 426, the K value of the ratio of the braking torque generated by the braking device to the actual maximum load lifting rotating torque is not less than 3, the braking torque is equal to 3 times of the actual maximum load lifting rotating torque, and the braking torque is divided by the friction coefficient and the braking radius to be the allowable value of the braking positive pressure. The floating brake for monitoring the brake positive pressure can meet the allowable value of the regulation positive pressure, the left brake shoe and the right brake shoe are arranged in the brake bases on two sides of the brake disc, the brake of the left brake shoe and the right brake shoe can be realized only by arranging the disc spring group and the oil cylinder on the left side due to the fact that the cylinders of the outline of the brake bases float in the support holes, the structure is simple, the cost is low, the brake is opened by oil pressure and the deflection force of the brake disc, and the disc spring force is used for braking. The monitored terminal brake positive pressure is used as the basis for diagnosing faults and giving control commands: before starting, if the vehicle is allowed to start, if the vehicle is equal to zero, the vehicle is allowed to start, if the vehicle is not equal to zero, the open brake fault is diagnosed, and the current vehicle is locked; in operation, if the brake is not equal to zero, the brake application fault is diagnosed, and the safety brake is started; when braking, the brake positive pressure allowable value is larger than or equal to the brake positive pressure allowable value, the next driving is allowed, the brake positive pressure insufficient fault is diagnosed when the brake positive pressure allowable value is smaller than the brake positive pressure allowable value, and the next driving is locked, so that the brake performance and the safety reliability of the caliper disc brake are greatly improved, and the brake caliper disc brake has wide practicability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a closing braking state of a floating brake for monitoring a brake positive pressure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of an open state of the floating brake for monitoring the brake positive pressure according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a closing braking state of the floating brake for monitoring the brake positive pressure according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of an open state of the floating brake for monitoring the brake positive pressure according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of a closing braking state of the floating brake for monitoring the brake positive pressure according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of an open state of the floating brake for monitoring the brake positive pressure according to the third embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a structure diagram of a closing braking state of the floating brake for monitoring the brake positive pressure according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a structural diagram of an open state of the floating brake for monitoring the brake positive pressure according to the fourth embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1-brake disc; 2-left brake shoe; 3-left lining board; 4-bond one; 5, a cylinder body; 6-linkage two; 7-bond three; 8, a bracket; 9-a brake seat; 10-disc spring group; 11-oil cylinder; 12-a first sealing ring; 13-a piston; 14, sealing ring II; 15-adjusting screws; 16-rear cover; 17-a first screw; 18-a second brake positive pressure sensor; 18-1 — a second strain gage; 18-2 — a second signal line; 19-screw two; 20-right brake shoe; 21-right liner plate; 22 — a first brake positive pressure sensor; 22-1 — a first strain gage; 22-2 — a first signal line; 23-bond four.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to examples in the drawings to which:
the first embodiment,
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the floating brake for monitoring the brake positive pressure mainly comprises a brake disc 1, a left brake shoe 2, a left lining plate 3, a cylinder 5, a bracket 8, a brake seat 9, a disc spring group 10, an oil cylinder 11, a piston 13, an adjusting screw 15, a rear cover 16, a screw I17, a second brake positive pressure sensor 18, a right brake shoe 20, a right lining plate 21 and a first brake positive pressure sensor 22, wherein the outline of the brake seat 9 is of a cylindrical integral structure, an outline cylinder is sleeved on the bracket 8 and is in movable fit with a hole of the bracket 8, a key III 7 is arranged at the matching position, a groove suitable for arranging the brake disc, the brake shoe and the lining plate is formed in the middle of the outline cylinder of the brake seat 9, the left brake shoe 2 and the left lining plate 3 are connected with the right brake shoe 20 and the right lining plate 21 through dovetail grooves, a stepped hole is formed in the left side of the groove, a through hole with the same axis as the left, the stepped hole on the left side of the groove is movably matched with the outer edge surface of the barrel 5, a key II 6 is arranged at the matched position, and the large-diameter stepped hole on the left side of the groove is matched with the hydraulic cylinder assembly; a blind hole with an inner shaft is formed in the left side of the cylinder body 5, and a disc spring group 10 is arranged in the cylinder body 5; the hydraulic cylinder component comprises an oil cylinder 11, a piston 13, a rear cover 16 and a screw 17 which are sequentially arranged, an adjusting screw 15 is sleeved outside the oil cylinder 11, a sealing ring I12 is arranged between the oil cylinder 11 and the piston 13, the screw 17 penetrates through the piston 13 to be connected onto an inner shaft of the cylinder body 5 in a threaded manner, a second braking positive pressure sensor 18 with an outer cylindrical surface slightly higher than the bottom end surface of the cylinder body 5 is connected onto the outer edge of the bottom of the cylinder body 5, grooves for placing second strain gauges 18-1 are symmetrically formed in the circular ring of the second braking positive pressure sensor 18, the second strain gauges 18-1 are connected with a second signal line 18-2, and the cylindrical surface is in static fit with a left end hole of the left lining plate 3. The second strain gauges 18-1 are 4-8, and are uniformly distributed on the circular ring at the bottom of the left annular groove or the right annular groove. A first key 4 is arranged at the static matching position of the cylindrical surface of the second braking positive pressure sensor 18 and the left end hole of the left lining plate 3, and a plurality of second screws 19 are arranged at the connecting position of the outer ring of the second braking positive pressure sensor 18 and the left lining plate 3. The through hole on the right side of the groove is movably matched with the column casing of the right lining plate 21, a key four 23 is arranged at the matching position, and a first braking positive pressure sensor 22 located between the end of the through hole on the right side of the groove and the right lining plate is arranged on the column casing connected to the right side of the right lining plate 21. The first braking positive pressure sensor 22 is a stepped disc, a central hole of the stepped disc is in movable fit with a column barrel of the right lining plate 21, a left annular groove and a right annular groove are symmetrically arranged on the end face of the disc, a first strain gage 22-1 connected with a first signal line 22-2 is placed in the left annular groove or the right annular groove, the outer end face of the disc on the left annular groove side is slightly higher than the inner end face and abuts against the right lining plate 21, the inner end face of the disc on the right annular groove is slightly higher than the outer end face and abuts against a through hole end on the right side of the annular groove of the brake base 9. The first strain gauges 22-1 are 4-8, and are uniformly distributed on the circular ring at the bottom of the left annular groove or the right annular groove.
The monitoring method of the floating brake for monitoring the brake positive pressure in the first embodiment is as follows:
during braking, the outer end face of the left annular groove of the first braking positive pressure sensor 22 bears the right braking positive pressure F acted by the brake disc 1 through the right brake shoe 20 and the right lining plate 213The inner end surface of the right annular groove bears the resultant force F of the disc spring force and the seven friction forces of the right brake set4，F3＝-F4The thickness and width of the bottom of the annular groove are according to F3The size of the left and right annular grooves is determined, the bottom circular rings of the left and right annular grooves are arranged at F3And F4Is a strain zone, F3Is in direct proportion to the strain, the strain signal is output to an upper computer through a first signal wire 22-2, and the braking positive pressure F is monitored in real time3The size of (d); the outer end face of the right annular groove of the second braking positive pressure sensor 18 bears the left braking positive pressure F acted by the brake disc 1 through the left brake shoe 2 and the left lining plate 31The inner end surface of the left annular groove bears the resultant force F of the disc spring force, the four friction forces of the left brake set and the residual oil pressure2，F1＝-F2The bottom thickness and width of the left and right annular grooves are according to F1The size of the left and right annular grooves is determined, the bottom circular rings of the left and right annular grooves are arranged at F1And F2Is a strain zone, F1Is in direct proportion to the strain, the strain signal is output to an upper computer through a second signal wire 18-2, and the braking positive pressure F is monitored in real time1The size of (d);
the left side floodgate group includes: the brake comprises a left brake shoe 2, a left lining plate 3, a cylinder 5, a second brake positive pressure sensor 18, a disc spring group 10, an oil cylinder 11, a piston 13, a rear cover 16 and a screw I17;
the right gate set comprises: a right brake shoe 20, a right lining plate 21, a first brake positive pressure sensor 22 and a brake seat 9;
the friction force of the left brake group is the friction force between the hole of the disc spring group 10 and the inner shaft of the cylinder body 5, the left hole of the brake seat 9 and the outer edge surface of the cylinder body 5 and the key II 6, the small hole of the oil cylinder 11 of the hydraulic cylinder assembly, the small shaft of the sealing ring I12 and the piston 13, the rear cover 16, the sealing ring II 14 and the large shaft of the piston 13, the residual oil pressure is equal to the oil pressure unloaded to the residual oil pressure during braking, and the residual oil pressure value is less than 0.5 MPa;
the seven friction forces of the right brake group are the friction forces between the hole of the disc spring group 10 and the inner shaft of the cylinder body 5, the left hole of the brake seat 9 and the outer edge shaft and the key II 6 of the cylinder body 5, the small hole of the oil cylinder 11 of the hydraulic cylinder assembly, the sealing ring I12 and the small shaft of the piston 13, the rear cover 16, the sealing ring II 14 and the large shaft of the piston 13, the outline cylinder and the key III 7 of the brake seat 9 and the hole of the bracket 8, the right hole of the brake seat 9 and the shaft and the key IV 23 of the right lining plate 21, and the hole of the first brake positive pressure sensor 22 and the shaft of the right lining plate 21;
and (3) braking process: when the oil pressure is reduced to residual oil pressure from the open state as shown in fig. 2, the disc spring force generated by the disc spring assembly 10 expanding rightward serves as a driving force to push the left brake shoe 2 to move rightward and press the brake disc 1 against the resultant force of the friction force of the left brake assembly and the residual oil pressure acting on the piston 13Left brake positive pressure F of left brake shoe 2 pressing brake disc 11The combined force is equal to the combined force of the disc spring force, the four friction forces of the left brake set and the residual oil pressure, then the disc spring set 10 extends leftwards to use the disc spring force as the driving force, the seven friction forces of the right brake set are overcome to push the right brake shoe 20 to move leftwards to press the brake disc 1 to realize closing brake, and the right brake shoe 20 presses the right brake positive pressure F of the brake disc 1 to realize closing brake as shown in figure 13Equal to the resultant force of the disc spring force and the friction force of the seven positions of the right brake set;
monitoring process before brake is finished and brake is reopened: if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3If the allowable value is larger than or equal to the braking positive pressure, indicating that no fault exists, allowing the next driving; if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3If the pressure is less than the allowable value of the positive braking pressure, alarming and locking the next driving, continuously diagnosing the fault according to monitoring, and if the pressure is less than the allowable value of the positive braking pressure F1If the brake positive pressure is greater than the allowable value of the brake positive pressure, the brake positive pressure applied to the brake disc 1 by the right brake group is diagnosed to be insufficient; if monitoring the positive pressure F of left brake1If the brake pressure is less than the allowable value of the brake positive pressure, the brake positive pressure applied to the brake disc 1 by the left brake group is diagnosed to be insufficient, and the vehicle can be driven after the failure of insufficient brake positive pressure is eliminated;
opening a gate: as shown in figure 1, when the brake state is switched on, the hydraulic pressure is increased to the working oil pressure, the working oil pressure acting on the piston 13 is used as the driving force, the disc spring group 10 is continuously compressed by overcoming the resultant force of the disc spring force generated by the compression deformation of the disc spring group 10 and the friction force of the brake group at the four positions of the left side, so that the left brake shoe 2 moves left away from the brake disc 1 to reach the total brake clearance delta smaller than 2mm regulated by the adjusting screw 15, the brake disc 1 rotates and generates left-right deflection, the brake disc 1 deflects and swings right to push the brake group to move right on the bracket 8, the brake group is a component formed by connecting the right brake group and the left brake group together through the adjusting screw 15, the brake disc 1 moves leftwards to push the brake group to move left on the bracket 8, the brake group moves leftwards and rightwards on the bracket 8, namely floats, so that the clearance between the right brake shoe 202While simultaneously reducing the brake clearance between the left brake shoe 2 and the brake disc 1 to delta1Whether or not Δ1、Δ2How to change, all maintain a1+Δ2Δ, as shown in fig. 2, where: delta1For the brake clearance, Δ, of the left brake shoe 2 from the brake disc 12The right brake shoe 2 leaves the brake gap of the brake disc 1;
the monitoring process before driving: if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3If no fault is found, the driving is allowed; if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3Not equal to 0, the vehicle is not allowed to be driven, the fault is continuously diagnosed according to monitoring, and if the positive pressure F of the left brake is detected1If the brake pressure is equal to 0, the right brake group is diagnosed as a non-open brake fault, and if the left brake positive pressure F is obtained1If not equal to 0, the left brake group is diagnosed as a brake-not-open fault, and the vehicle can be driven after the fault is eliminated;
in the process of monitoring the brake opening state, the brake disc 1 rotates as shown in figure 2, the elevator is driven, and if the positive pressure F of the right brake is monitored3If not equal to 0, alarming and starting safety brake, continuously diagnosing faults according to monitoring, and if the positive pressure F of the left brake is obtained1If the brake application fault is equal to 0, the brake application fault of the right brake group is diagnosed, and if the brake positive pressure F is left1If not equal to 0, the brake application fault of the left brake group is diagnosed, and the vehicle can be driven after the fault is eliminated;
the above processes are circulated, and the real-time monitoring of the braking positive pressure is completed to achieve the reliable operation of the floating brake.
Example II,
A floating brake for monitoring the positive pressure of braking as shown in fig. 3 and 4 is substantially the same as the first embodiment, and the same points are omitted. The difference lies in that the bottom of the cylinder 5 is connected with the left lining plate 3 into a whole in a dovetail groove mode.
The monitoring method of the floating brake for monitoring the brake positive pressure in the second embodiment is as follows:
during braking, the outer end face of the left annular groove of the first braking positive pressure sensor 22 bears the right braking positive pressure F acted by the brake disc 1 through the right brake shoe 20 and the right lining plate 213The inner end surface of the right annular groove bears the resultant force F of the disc spring force and the seven friction forces of the right brake set4，F3＝-F4The thickness and width of the bottom of the annular groove are according to F3The size of the left and right annular grooves is determined, the bottom circular rings of the left and right annular grooves are arranged at F3And F4Is a strain zone, F3Is in direct proportion to the amount of the strain,the strain signal is output to an upper computer through a first signal wire 22-2 to monitor the brake positive pressure F in real time3The size of (d);
the left side floodgate group includes: the brake shoe comprises a left brake shoe 2, a left lining plate 3, a barrel 5, a disc spring group 10, an oil cylinder 11, a piston 13, a rear cover 16 and a screw I17;
the right gate set comprises: a right brake shoe 20, a right lining plate 21, a first brake positive pressure sensor 22 and a brake seat 9;
the friction force of the left brake group is the friction force between a hole of a disc spring group 10 and an inner shaft of a cylinder body 5, between a left hole of a brake seat 9 and an outer edge shaft and a key II 6 of the cylinder body 5, between a small hole of an oil cylinder 11 in a hydraulic assembly and a small shaft of a piston 13, between a sealing ring I12 and a small shaft of a piston 13, between a rear cover 16 and a sealing ring II 14 and between a large shaft of the piston 13, the residual oil pressure is equal to the oil pressure unloaded to the residual oil pressure during braking, and the residual oil pressure value is less than 0.5 MPa;
the seven friction forces of the right brake group are the friction forces between the hole of the disc spring group 10 and the inner shaft of the cylinder body 5, the left hole of the brake seat 9 and the outer edge shaft and the key II 6 of the cylinder body 5, the small hole of the oil cylinder 11 in the hydraulic assembly, the sealing ring I12 and the small shaft of the piston 13, the rear cover 16, the sealing ring II 14 and the large shaft of the piston 13, the outline cylinder and the key III 7 of the brake seat 9 and the hole of the bracket 8, the right hole of the brake seat 9 and the shaft and the key IV 23 of the right lining plate 21, and the hole of the first brake positive pressure sensor 22 and the shaft of the right lining plate 21;
and (3) braking process: when the oil pressure is reduced to the residual oil pressure from the open state as shown in fig. 4, the disc spring force generated by the disc spring assembly 10 expanding rightward serves as the driving force, the left brake shoe 2 is pushed to move rightward to press the brake disc 1 by overcoming the resultant force of the friction force of the left brake assembly and the residual oil pressure acting on the piston 13, and the left brake shoe 2 presses the brake disc 1 under the positive left brake pressure F1The combined force is equal to the combined force of the disc spring force, the four friction forces of the left brake set and the residual oil pressure, then the disc spring set 10 extends leftwards to use the disc spring force as the driving force, the seven friction forces of the right brake set are overcome to push the right brake shoe 20 to move leftwards to press the brake disc 1 to realize closing braking, and as shown in fig. 3, the right brake shoe 20 presses the right brake positive pressure F of the brake disc 1 to realize closing braking3Equal to the resultant force of the disc spring force and the friction force of the seven positions of the right brake set;
monitoring process before brake is finished and brake is reopened: if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3If the allowable value is larger than or equal to the braking positive pressure, indicating that no fault exists, allowing the next driving; if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3If the pressure is less than the allowable value of the positive braking pressure, alarming and locking the next driving, continuously diagnosing the fault according to monitoring, and if the pressure is less than the allowable value of the positive braking pressure F1If the brake positive pressure is greater than the allowable value of the brake positive pressure, the brake positive pressure applied to the brake disc 1 by the right brake group is diagnosed to be insufficient; if monitoring the positive pressure F of left brake1If the brake pressure is less than the allowable value of the brake positive pressure, the brake positive pressure applied to the brake disc 1 by the left brake group is diagnosed to be insufficient, and the vehicle can be driven after the failure of insufficient brake positive pressure is eliminated;
opening a gate: as shown in figure 3, when the oil pressure is increased to the working oil pressure from the closing brake state, the working oil pressure acting on the piston 13 is used as the driving force, the disc spring group 10 is continuously compressed by overcoming the resultant force of the disc spring force generated by the compression deformation of the disc spring group 10 and the friction force of the brake group at the four positions of the left side, so that the left brake shoe 2 moves left away from the brake disc 1 to reach the total brake clearance delta smaller than 2mm regulated by the adjusting screw 15, the brake disc 1 rotates and generates left-right deflection, the brake disc 1 deflects and swings right to push the brake group to move right on the bracket 8, the brake group is a component formed by connecting the brake group at the right side and the brake group at the left side together through the adjusting screw 15, the brake disc 1 moves left to push the brake group to move left on the bracket 8, the brake group moves left and right on the bracket 8, namely floats, so that the clearance between the right brake shoe2While simultaneously reducing the brake clearance between the left brake shoe 2 and the brake disc 1 to delta1Whether or not Δ1、Δ2How to change, all maintain a1+Δ2Δ, as shown in fig. 4, where: delta1For the brake clearance, Δ, of the left brake shoe 2 from the brake disc 12The right brake shoe 2 leaves the brake gap of the brake disc 1;
the monitoring process before driving: if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3If no fault is found, the driving is allowed; if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3Not equal to 0, the vehicle is not allowed to be driven, the fault is continuously diagnosed according to monitoring, and if the positive pressure F of the left brake is detected1If it is 0, the right gate group is diagnosed as a not-open gate fault, and if it is leftBrake positive pressure F1If not equal to 0, the left brake group is diagnosed as a brake-not-open fault, and the vehicle can be driven after the fault is eliminated;
in the process of monitoring the brake opening state, the brake disc 1 rotates as shown in figure 4, the elevator is driven, and if the positive pressure F of the right brake is monitored3If not equal to 0, alarming and starting safety brake, continuously diagnosing faults according to monitoring, and if the positive pressure F of the left brake is obtained1If the brake application fault is equal to 0, the brake application fault of the right brake group is diagnosed, and if the brake positive pressure F is left1If not equal to 0, the brake application fault of the left brake group is diagnosed, and the vehicle can be driven after the fault is eliminated;
the above processes are circulated, and the real-time monitoring of the braking positive pressure is completed to achieve the reliable operation of the floating brake.
Example III,
A floating brake for monitoring the positive pressure of braking as shown in fig. 5 and 6 is substantially the same as the first embodiment, and the same points are omitted. A blind hole with an inner shaft is formed in the left side of the cylinder body 5, and a disc spring group 10 is arranged in the cylinder body 5; the hydraulic cylinder component comprises an oil cylinder 11, a piston 13, a rear cover 16 and a screw 17 which are sequentially arranged, an adjusting screw 15 is sleeved outside the oil cylinder 11, a sealing ring II 14 is arranged between the oil cylinder 11 and the piston 13, the screw 17 penetrates through the oil cylinder 11 and is connected to the circumference of the cylinder body 5 in a threaded manner, a second braking positive pressure sensor 18 with an outer cylindrical surface slightly higher than the bottom end surface of the cylinder body 5 is connected to the outer edge of the bottom of the cylinder body 5, grooves for placing second strain gauges 18-1 are symmetrically formed in the circular ring of the second braking positive pressure sensor 18, the second strain gauges 18-1 are connected with a second signal line 18-2, and the cylindrical surface is in static fit with a left end hole of the left lining plate 3. The second strain gauges 18-1 are 4-8, and are uniformly distributed on the circular ring at the bottom of the left annular groove or the right annular groove. A first key 4 is arranged at the static matching position of the cylindrical surface of the second braking positive pressure sensor 18 and the left end hole of the left lining plate 3, and a plurality of second screws 19 are arranged at the connecting position of an outer ring of the second braking positive pressure sensor 18 and the left lining plate 3.
The monitoring method of the floating brake for monitoring the brake positive pressure in the third embodiment is as follows:
when braking, the outer end face of the left annular groove of the first braking positive pressure sensor 22 bears the action of the brake disc 1 through the right brake shoe 20 and the right lining plate 21Is under positive right braking pressure F3The inner end surface of the right annular groove bears the resultant force F of the disc spring force and the six friction forces of the right brake set4，F3＝-F4The thickness and width of the bottom of the annular groove are according to F3The size of the left and right annular grooves is determined, the bottom circular rings of the left and right annular grooves are arranged at F3And F4Is a strain zone, F3Is in direct proportion to the strain, the strain signal is output to an upper computer through a first signal wire 22-2, and the braking positive pressure F is monitored in real time3The size of (2). The outer end face of the right annular groove of the second braking positive pressure sensor 18 bears the left braking positive pressure F acted by the brake disc 1 through the left brake shoe 2 and the left lining plate 31The inner end surface of the left annular groove bears the resultant force F of the disc spring force, the friction force of the left brake set and the residual oil pressure2，F1＝-F2The bottom thickness and width of the left and right annular grooves are according to F1The size of the left and right annular grooves is determined, the bottom circular rings of the left and right annular grooves are arranged at F1And F2Is a strain zone, F1Is in direct proportion to the strain, the strain signal is output to an upper computer through a second signal wire 18-2, and the braking positive pressure F is monitored in real time1The size of (d);
the left side floodgate group includes: the brake comprises a left brake shoe 2, a left lining plate 3, a cylinder 5, a second brake positive pressure sensor 18, a disc spring group 10, an oil cylinder 11, a piston 13, a rear cover 16 and a screw I17;
the right gate set comprises: a right brake shoe 20, a right lining plate 21, a first brake positive pressure sensor 22 and a brake seat 9;
the friction force of the left brake group is the friction force between the hole of the disc spring group 10 and the inner shaft of the cylinder body 5, the left hole of the brake seat 9 and the outer shaft of the cylinder body 5, the key II 6, the hole of the hydraulic cylinder 11, the sealing ring II 14 and the large shaft of the piston 13, the residual oil pressure is equal to the oil pressure unloaded to the residual oil pressure during braking, and the residual oil pressure value is less than 0.5 MPa;
the six friction forces of the right brake group are the friction forces between the hole of the disc spring group 10 and the inner shaft of the cylinder body 5, the left hole of the brake seat 9 and the outer edge shaft of the cylinder body 5 and the key II 6, the hole of the oil cylinder 11 of the hydraulic component and the large shaft of the sealing ring II 14 and the piston 13, the outline cylinder and the key III 7 of the brake seat 9 and the hole of the bracket 8, the right hole of the brake seat 9 and the shaft and the key IV 23 of the right lining plate 21, and the hole of the first brake positive pressure sensor 22 and the shaft of the right lining plate 21;
and (3) braking process: when the oil pressure is reduced to the residual oil pressure from the open state as shown in fig. 6, the disc spring force generated by the disc spring assembly 10 expanding rightward serves as the driving force, the left brake shoe 2 is pushed to move rightward to press the brake disc 1 by overcoming the resultant force of the friction force of the left brake assembly and the residual oil pressure acting on the piston 13, and the left brake shoe 2 presses the brake disc 1 under the positive left brake pressure F1Equal to the resultant force of the disc spring force, the three frictional forces of the left brake set and the residual oil pressure, then the disc spring set 10 extends leftwards to use the disc spring force as the driving force, the right brake shoe 20 is pushed leftwards to move and press the brake disc 1 to realize closing braking by overcoming the six frictional forces of the right brake set, as shown in fig. 5, and the right brake shoe 20 presses the brake disc 1 to realize the right braking positive pressure F3The resultant force of the disc spring force and the friction force of six positions of the right brake set is equal;
monitoring process before brake is finished and brake is reopened: if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3If the allowable value is larger than or equal to the braking positive pressure, indicating that no fault exists, allowing the next driving; if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3If the pressure is less than the allowable value of the positive braking pressure, alarming and locking the next driving, continuously diagnosing the fault according to monitoring, and if the pressure is less than the allowable value of the positive braking pressure F1If the brake positive pressure is greater than the allowable value of the brake positive pressure, the brake positive pressure applied to the brake disc 1 by the right brake group is diagnosed to be insufficient; if monitoring the positive pressure F of left brake1If the brake pressure is less than the allowable value of the brake positive pressure, the brake positive pressure applied to the brake disc 1 by the left brake group is diagnosed to be insufficient, and the vehicle can be driven after the failure of insufficient brake positive pressure is eliminated;
opening a gate: as shown in figure 5, when the brake state is switched on, the working oil pressure acting on the piston 13 is used as the driving force after the oil pressure is increased to the working oil pressure, the disc spring assembly 10 is continuously compressed by overcoming the resultant force of the disc spring force generated by the compression deformation of the disc spring assembly 10 and the friction force of the left brake assembly, so that the left brake shoe 2 moves left from the brake disc 1 to reach the total brake clearance delta smaller than 2mm regulated by the regulating screw 15, the brake disc 1 rotates and generates left-right deflection, and the brake is operatedThe disc 1 deflects and swings rightwards to push a brake set to move rightwards on the bracket 8, the brake set is an assembly formed by connecting a right brake set and a left brake set together through an adjusting screw 15, the disc 1 deflects and moves leftwards to push the brake set to move leftwards on the bracket 8, the brake set moves leftwards and rightwards on the bracket 8, namely floats, so that the gap between the right brake shoe 20 and the disc 1 is increased to delta2While simultaneously reducing the brake clearance between the left brake shoe 2 and the brake disc 1 to delta1Whether or not Δ1、Δ2How to change, all maintain a1+Δ2Δ, as shown in fig. 6, where: delta1For the brake clearance, Δ, of the left brake shoe 2 from the brake disc 12The right brake shoe 2 leaves the brake gap of the brake disc 1;
the monitoring process before driving: if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3If no fault is found, the driving is allowed; if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3Not equal to 0, the vehicle is not allowed to be driven, the fault is continuously diagnosed according to monitoring, and if the positive pressure F of the left brake is detected1If the brake pressure is equal to 0, the right brake group is diagnosed as a non-open brake fault, and if the left brake positive pressure F is obtained1If not equal to 0, the left brake group is diagnosed as a brake-not-open fault, and the vehicle can be driven after the fault is eliminated;
in the process of monitoring the brake opening state, the brake disc 1 rotates as shown in figure 6, the elevator is driven, and if the positive pressure F of the right brake is monitored3If not equal to 0, alarming and starting safety brake, continuously diagnosing faults according to monitoring, and if the positive pressure F of the left brake is obtained1If the brake application fault is equal to 0, the brake application fault of the right brake group is diagnosed, and if the brake positive pressure F is left1If not equal to 0, the brake application fault of the left brake group is diagnosed, and the vehicle can be driven after the fault is eliminated;
the above processes are circulated, and the real-time monitoring of the braking positive pressure is completed to achieve the reliable operation of the floating brake.
Example four,
A floating brake for monitoring the positive braking pressure is shown in fig. 7 and 8, which is basically the same as the third embodiment, but the same parts are omitted. A blind hole without an inner shaft is formed in the left side of the cylinder body 5, and a disc spring group 10 is arranged in the blind hole; the hydraulic cylinder component comprises an oil cylinder 11, a piston 13, a rear cover 16 and a first screw 17 which are sequentially arranged, an adjusting screw 15 is sleeved outside the oil cylinder 11, a second sealing ring 14 is highly arranged between the oil cylinder 11 and the piston 13, the first screw 17 enters from the rear cover 16 and penetrates through the piston 13 to be in threaded connection with the circumference of the cylinder body 5, and the bottom of the cylinder body 5 is connected with the left lining plate 3 in a dovetail groove mode into a whole.
The monitoring method of the floating brake for monitoring the brake positive pressure in the fourth embodiment is as follows:
during braking, the outer end face of the left annular groove of the first braking positive pressure sensor 22 bears the right braking positive pressure F acted by the brake disc 1 through the right brake shoe 20 and the right lining plate 213The inner end surface of the right annular groove bears the resultant force F of the disc spring force and the six friction forces of the right brake set4，F3＝-F4The thickness and width of the bottom of the annular groove are according to F3The size of the left and right annular grooves is determined, the bottom circular rings of the left and right annular grooves are arranged at F3And F4Is a strain zone, F3Is in direct proportion to the strain, the strain signal is output to an upper computer through a first signal wire 22-2, and the braking positive pressure F is monitored in real time3The size of (d);
the left side floodgate group includes: the brake shoe comprises a left brake shoe 2, a left lining plate 3, a barrel 5, a disc spring group 10, an oil cylinder 11, a piston 13, a rear cover 16 and a screw I17;
the right gate set comprises: a right brake shoe 20, a right lining plate 21, a first brake positive pressure sensor 22 and a brake seat 9;
the friction force of the left brake group is the friction force between the shaft of the disc spring group 10 and the hole of the cylinder body 5, the left hole of the brake seat 9 and the outer edge shaft of the cylinder body 5, the key II 6, the hole of the oil cylinder 11 of the hydraulic assembly, the sealing ring II 14 and the large shaft of the piston 13, the residual oil pressure is equal to the oil pressure unloaded to the residual oil pressure during braking, and the residual oil pressure value is less than 0.5 MPa;
the friction force of the six positions of the right brake group is the friction force between the shaft of the disc spring group 10 and the hole of the cylinder body 5, the left hole of the brake seat 9 and the outer edge shaft of the cylinder body 5 and the key II 6, the hole of the oil cylinder 11 of the hydraulic component and the large shaft of the sealing ring II 14 and the piston 13, the outline cylinder and the key III 7 of the brake seat 9 and the hole of the bracket 8, the right hole of the brake seat 9 and the shaft and the key IV 23 of the right lining plate 21, and the hole of the first brake positive pressure sensor 22 and the shaft of the right lining plate 21;
and (3) braking process: when the oil pressure is reduced to the residual oil pressure from the open state as shown in fig. 8, the disc spring force generated by the disc spring assembly 10 expanding rightward serves as the driving force, the left brake shoe 2 is pushed to move rightward to press the brake disc 1 by overcoming the resultant force of the friction force of the left brake assembly and the residual oil pressure acting on the piston 13, and the left brake shoe 2 presses the brake disc 1 under the positive left brake pressure F1Equal to the resultant force of the disc spring force, the three frictional forces of the left brake set and the residual oil pressure, then the disc spring set 10 extends leftwards to use the disc spring force as the driving force, the right brake shoe 20 is pushed leftwards to move and press the brake disc 1 to realize closing braking by overcoming the six frictional forces of the right brake set, as shown in fig. 7, and the right brake shoe 20 presses the brake disc 1 to realize the right braking positive pressure F3The resultant force of the disc spring force and the friction force of six positions of the right brake set is equal;
monitoring process before brake is finished and brake is reopened: if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3If the allowable value is larger than or equal to the braking positive pressure, indicating that no fault exists, allowing the next driving; if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3If the pressure is less than the allowable value of the positive braking pressure, alarming and locking the next driving, continuously diagnosing the fault according to monitoring, and if the pressure is less than the allowable value of the positive braking pressure F1If the brake positive pressure is greater than the allowable value of the brake positive pressure, the brake positive pressure applied to the brake disc 1 by the right brake group is diagnosed to be insufficient; if monitoring the positive pressure F of left brake1If the brake pressure is less than the allowable value of the brake positive pressure, the brake positive pressure applied to the brake disc 1 by the left brake group is diagnosed to be insufficient, and the vehicle can be driven after the failure of insufficient brake positive pressure is eliminated;
opening a gate: as shown in figure 7, when the brake state is switched on, the working oil pressure acting on the piston 13 is used as the driving force after the oil pressure is increased to the working oil pressure, the disc spring assembly 10 is continuously compressed by overcoming the resultant force of the disc spring force generated by the compression deformation of the disc spring assembly 10 and the friction force of the left brake assembly, so that the left brake shoe 2 moves left away from the brake disc 1 to reach the total brake clearance delta smaller than 2mm regulated by the adjusting screw 15, the brake disc 1 rotates and generates left-right deflection, the brake disc 1 deflects and swings right to push the brake assembly to move right on the bracket 8, the brake assembly is an assembly formed by connecting the right brake assembly and the left brake assembly together through the adjusting screw 15, and the brake disc 1 deflects left to push the brake assembly to move left on the bracket 8The left and right movement of the brake group on the bracket 8 is floating, and the floating increases the brake clearance between the right brake shoe 20 and the brake disc 1 to delta2While simultaneously reducing the brake clearance between the left brake shoe 2 and the brake disc 1 to delta1Whether or not Δ1、Δ2How to change, all maintain a1+Δ2Δ, as shown in fig. 8, where: delta1For the brake clearance, Δ, of the left brake shoe 2 from the brake disc 12The right brake shoe 2 leaves the brake gap of the brake disc 1;
the monitoring process before driving: if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3If no fault is found, the driving is allowed; if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3Not equal to 0, the vehicle is not allowed to be driven, the fault is continuously diagnosed according to monitoring, and if the positive pressure F of the left brake is detected1If the brake pressure is equal to 0, the right brake group is diagnosed as a non-open brake fault, and if the left brake positive pressure F is obtained1If not equal to 0, the left brake group is diagnosed as a brake-not-open fault, and the vehicle can be driven after the fault is eliminated;
in the process of monitoring the brake opening state, the brake disc 1 rotates as shown in figure 8, the elevator is driven, and if the positive pressure F of the right brake is monitored3If not equal to 0, alarming and starting safety brake, continuously diagnosing faults according to monitoring, and if the positive pressure F of the left brake is obtained1If the brake application fault is equal to 0, the brake application fault of the right brake group is diagnosed, and if the brake positive pressure F is left1If not equal to 0, the brake application fault of the left brake group is diagnosed, and the vehicle can be driven after the fault is eliminated;
the above processes are circulated, and the real-time monitoring of the braking positive pressure is completed to achieve the reliable operation of the floating brake.

Claims (9)

1. A floating brake that monitors positive brake pressure, comprising: brake disc (1), left brake shoe (2), left welt (3), barrel (5), support (8), brake seat (9), dish spring group (10), hydro-cylinder (11), piston (13), adjusting screw (15), back lid (16), screw (17), right brake shoe (20) and right welt (21), its characterized in that: the brake block (9) is of a cylindrical integral structure, a cylindrical column is sleeved on the support (8) and is in movable fit with a hole of the support (8), a key III (7) is arranged at the fitting position, a groove suitable for accommodating a brake disc, a brake shoe and a lining plate is formed in the middle of the cylindrical column of the brake block (9), the left brake shoe (2) and the left lining plate (3) are connected with the right brake shoe (20) and the right lining plate (21) through dovetail grooves, a stepped hole with two diameters is formed in the left side of the groove, a through hole which is on the same axis with a left step is formed in the right side of the groove, a small-diameter stepped hole in the left side of the groove is in movable fit with the outer edge surface of the cylinder body (5), a key II (6) is arranged at the fitting position, and a large-diameter stepped hole; the left side of the cylinder body (5) is provided with a blind hole with an inner shaft or a blind hole without the inner shaft for installing the disc spring group (10); the through-hole on recess right side and the column casing of right welt (21) move the cooperation, and cooperation department is equipped with key four (23), be equipped with on the column casing of right welt (21) right side connection and be located the first braking positive pressure sensor (22) between recess right side through-hole end and the right welt.
2. A floating brake that monitors positive braking pressure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first brake positive pressure sensor (22) is a stepped disc, a central hole of the stepped disc is movably matched with a column casing of the right lining plate (21), a left annular groove and a right annular groove are symmetrically arranged on the end face of the disc, a first strain gauge (22-1) connected with a first signal line (22-2) is arranged in the left annular groove or the right annular groove, the outer end face of the disc on the left annular groove side is slightly higher than the inner end face, the top of the disc is leaned on the right lining plate (21), the inner end face of the disc of the right annular groove is slightly higher than the outer end face, and the top of the disc is leaned on the through hole end on the right side of the annular groove of.
3. A floating brake that monitors positive braking pressure according to claim 2, wherein: the first strain gauges (22-1) are 4-8 and are uniformly distributed on the circular ring at the bottom of the left annular groove or the right annular groove.
4. A floating brake that monitors positive braking pressure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the outer edge of the bottom of the cylinder body (5) is connected with a second braking positive pressure sensor (18) of which the outer cylindrical surface is slightly higher than the bottom end surface of the cylinder body (5), grooves for placing a second strain gauge (18-1) are symmetrically arranged on a circular ring of the second braking positive pressure sensor (18), the second strain gauge (18-1) is connected with a second signal line (18-2), and the cylindrical surface is in static fit with a left end hole of the left lining plate (3).
5. A floating brake that monitors positive braking pressure according to claim 4, wherein: the number of the second strain gauges (18-1) is 4-8, and the second strain gauges are uniformly distributed on a ring at the bottom of the left annular groove or the right annular groove.
6. A floating brake that monitors positive braking pressure as claimed in claim 4, wherein: a first key (4) is arranged at the static matching position of the cylindrical surface of the second braking positive pressure sensor (18) and the left end hole of the left lining plate (3), and a plurality of second screws (19) are arranged at the connecting position of the outer ring of the second braking positive pressure sensor (18) and the left lining plate (3).
7. A floating brake that monitors positive braking pressure according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the cylinder body (5) is connected with the left lining plate (3) into a whole.
8. A method of monitoring a floating brake using a method of monitoring positive brake pressure according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized by:
when braking, the outer end surface of the left annular groove of the first braking positive pressure sensor (22) bears the right braking positive pressure F acted by the brake disc (1) through the right brake shoe (20) and the right lining plate (21)3The inner end surface of the right annular groove bears the resultant force F of the disc spring force and the friction force of a plurality of positions of the right brake set4，F3＝-F4The thickness and width of the bottom of the annular groove are according to F3The size of the left and right annular grooves is determined, the bottom circular rings of the left and right annular grooves are arranged at F3And F4Is a strain zone, F3Is in direct proportion to the strain, the strain signal is output to an upper computer through a first signal line (22-2), and the braking positive pressure F is monitored in real time3The size of (d); the outer end face of a right annular groove of the second braking positive pressure sensor (18) bears a left braking positive pressure F acted by the brake disc (1) through the left brake shoe (2) and the left lining plate (3)1The inner end surface of the left annular groove bears the disc spring force, and the left annular groove is provided with a left end faceResultant force F of friction force and residual oil pressure at multiple positions of side brake set2，F1＝-F2The bottom thickness and width of the left and right annular grooves are according to F1The size of the left and right annular grooves is determined, the bottom circular rings of the left and right annular grooves are arranged at F1And F2Is a strain zone, F1Is in direct proportion to the strain quantity, the strain signal is output to an upper computer through a second signal wire (18-2), and the braking positive pressure F is monitored in real time1The size of (d);
the friction force of the right brake group comprises the friction force between a hole of the disc spring group (10) and an inner shaft of the cylinder body (5) or between a shaft of the disc spring group (10) and a hole of the cylinder body (5), between a left hole of the brake seat (9) and an outer edge surface of the cylinder body (5) and a key II (6), between an oil cylinder (11) and a sealing ring I (12) in a hydraulic cylinder assembly and a small shaft of a piston (13), between a rear cover (16) and a sealing ring II (14) and a large shaft of the piston (13), between an outline cylinder of the brake seat (9) and a key III (7) and a hole of a support (8), between a right hole of the brake seat (9) and a shaft and a key IV (23) of a right lining plate (21), and between a hole of a first brake positive pressure sensor (22) and a shaft of the right lining plate (21);
and (3) braking process: after the oil pressure is reduced to the residual oil pressure from the brake-off state, the disc spring force of the disc spring group (10) after being extended rightwards serves as the driving force, the left brake shoe (2) is pushed to move rightwards to press the brake disc (1) by overcoming the resultant force of the friction force of a plurality of positions of the left brake group and the residual oil pressure acting on the piston (13), and the left brake shoe (2) presses the left brake positive pressure F of the brake disc (1) to press the brake disc (1)1The combined force of the disc spring force, the friction force of multiple positions of the left brake set and the residual oil pressure is equal, then the disc spring force of the disc spring set (10) extending leftwards is used as the driving force, the friction force of the multiple positions of the right brake set is overcome to push the right brake shoe (20) to move leftwards to press the brake disc (1) to realize closing brake, and the right brake shoe (20) presses the right brake positive pressure F of the brake disc (1) to realize closing brake3Equal to the resultant force of the disc spring force and the friction force of a plurality of positions of the right brake set;
the friction force of the left brake group comprises the friction force between a hole of the disc spring group (10) and an inner shaft of the cylinder body (5) or between a shaft of the disc spring group (10) and an inner hole of the cylinder body (5), between a left hole of the brake seat (9) and an outer edge shaft and a key II (6) of the cylinder body (5), between an oil cylinder (11) and a sealing ring I (12) in the hydraulic cylinder assembly and a small shaft of a piston (13), between a rear cover (16) and a sealing ring II (14) and a large shaft of the piston (13), the residual oil pressure is equal to the oil pressure unloaded to the residual oil pressure during braking, and the residual oil pressure value is less than 0.5 MPa;
the left side floodgate group includes: the brake shoe comprises a left brake shoe (2), a left lining plate (3), a cylinder body (5), a second brake positive pressure sensor (18), a disc spring group (10), an oil cylinder (11), a piston (13), a rear cover (16) and a screw I (17);
the right gate set comprises: the brake comprises a right brake shoe (20), a right lining plate (21), a first brake positive pressure sensor (22) and a brake seat (9);
monitoring process before brake is finished and brake is reopened: if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3If the allowable value is larger than or equal to the braking positive pressure, indicating that no fault exists, allowing the next driving; if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3If the pressure is less than the allowable value of the positive braking pressure, alarming and locking the next driving, continuously diagnosing the fault according to monitoring, and if the pressure is less than the allowable value of the positive braking pressure F1If the brake positive pressure is greater than the allowable value of the brake positive pressure, the brake positive pressure applied to the brake disc (1) by the right brake group is diagnosed to be insufficient; if monitoring the positive pressure F of left brake1If the brake pressure is smaller than the allowable value of the brake positive pressure, the brake positive pressure applied to the brake disc (1) by the left brake group is diagnosed to be insufficient, and the vehicle can be driven after the failure of insufficient brake positive pressure is eliminated;
opening a gate: after the oil pressure in a closing brake state is increased to the working oil pressure, the working oil pressure acting on a piston (13) is used as a driving force, the disc spring group (10) is continuously compressed by overcoming the resultant force of the disc spring force generated by the compression deformation of the disc spring group (10) and the friction force of a plurality of positions of a left brake group, so that a left brake shoe (2) is moved left away from a brake disc (1) to reach a total brake clearance delta which is set by an adjusting screw (15) and is smaller than 2mm, the brake disc (1) rotates and generates left-right deflection, the brake disc (1) deflects and swings rightwards to push the brake group to move rightwards on a bracket (8), the brake group is an assembly formed by connecting a right brake group and a left brake group together through an adjusting screw (15), the brake disc (1) deflects leftwards to move to push the brake group to move leftwards on the support (8), the brake group moves leftwards and rightwards on the support (8) to float, and the floating enables the brake clearance between the right brake shoe (20) and the brake disc (1) to be increased to delta.2Simultaneously, the brake clearance between the left brake shoe (2) and the brake disc (1) is reduced to delta1Whether or not Δ1、Δ2How to change, all maintain a1+Δ2Δ, wherein: delta1For the brake clearance, delta, of the left brake shoe (2) from the brake disc (1)2The right brake shoe (2) leaves the brake clearance of the brake disc (1);
the monitoring process before driving: if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3If no fault is found, the driving is allowed; if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3Not equal to 0, the vehicle is not allowed to be driven, the fault is continuously diagnosed according to monitoring, and if the positive pressure F of the left brake is detected1If the brake pressure is equal to 0, the right brake group is diagnosed as a non-open brake fault, and if the left brake positive pressure F is obtained1If not equal to 0, the left brake group is diagnosed as a brake-not-open fault, and the vehicle can be driven after the fault is eliminated;
in the process of monitoring the brake opening state, the brake disc (1) rotates the hoist to drive, if the positive pressure F of the right brake is monitored3If not equal to 0, alarming and starting safety brake, continuously diagnosing faults according to monitoring, and if the positive pressure F of the left brake is obtained1If the brake application fault is equal to 0, the brake application fault of the right brake group is diagnosed, and if the brake positive pressure F is left1If not equal to 0, the brake application fault of the left brake group is diagnosed, and the vehicle can be driven after the fault is eliminated;
the above processes are circulated, and the real-time monitoring of the braking positive pressure is completed to achieve the reliable operation of the floating brake.
9. A method of monitoring a floating brake using a method of monitoring positive brake pressure as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3 or 7, wherein:
when braking, the outer end surface of the left annular groove of the first braking positive pressure sensor (22) bears the right braking positive pressure F acted by the brake disc (1) through the right brake shoe (20) and the right lining plate (21)3The inner end surface of the right annular groove bears the resultant force F of the disc spring force and the friction force of a plurality of positions of the right brake set4，F3＝-F4The thickness and width of the bottom of the annular groove are according to F3The size of the left and right annular grooves is determined, the bottom circular rings of the left and right annular grooves are arranged at F3And F4Is a strain zone, F3Is in direct proportion to the strain, the strain signal is output to an upper computer through a first signal line (22-2), and the braking positive pressure F is monitored in real time3Size of (2)；
And (3) braking process: after the oil pressure is reduced to the residual oil pressure from the brake-opening state, the disc spring force of the disc spring group (10) stretching rightwards is used as the driving force, the combined force of the friction force of the left brake group and the residual oil pressure acting on the piston (13) is overcome to push the left brake shoe (2) to move rightwards to press the brake disc (1), then the disc spring force of the disc spring group (10) stretching leftwards is used as the driving force, the friction force of the right brake group is overcome to push the right brake shoe (20) to move leftwards to press the brake disc (1) to realize closing braking, the right brake shoe (20) presses the right brake disc (1) to realize positive pressure F positive pressure3Equal to the resultant force of the disc spring force and the friction force of a plurality of positions of the right brake set;
the left side floodgate group includes: the brake shoe comprises a left brake shoe (2), a left lining plate (3), a cylinder body (5), a disc spring group (10), an oil cylinder (11), a piston (13), a rear cover (16) and a first screw (17);
the right gate set comprises: the brake comprises a right brake shoe (20), a right lining plate (21), a first brake positive pressure sensor (22) and a brake seat (9);
monitoring process before brake is finished and brake is reopened: if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3If the allowable value is larger than or equal to the braking positive pressure, indicating that no fault exists, allowing the next driving; if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3The brake set is an assembly formed by connecting a right side brake set and a left side brake set together through an adjusting screw (15), the right side brake set comprises a brake shoe (20), a right lining plate (21), a first brake positive pressure sensor (22) and a brake seat (9), the left side brake set comprises a left brake shoe (2), a left lining plate (3), a cylinder body (5), a disc spring set (10), an oil cylinder (11), a piston (13), a rear cover (16) and a screw I (17);
opening a gate: after the oil pressure in a closing brake state is increased to the working oil pressure, the working oil pressure acting on a piston (13) is used as a driving force, the disc spring group (9) is continuously compressed by overcoming the resultant force of the disc spring force generated by the compression deformation of the disc spring group (9) and the friction force of a plurality of positions of a left brake group, so that a left brake shoe (2) is moved left away from the brake disc (1) to reach a total brake clearance delta which is set by an adjusting screw (15) and is smaller than 2mm, and the brake disc (1) rotates and generates left and right brake clearancesThe brake group is pushed to move rightwards on the bracket (8) by the deflection swing of the brake disc (1), the brake group is pushed to move leftwards on the bracket (8) by the deflection swing movement of the brake disc (1) leftwards, the brake group moves leftwards on the bracket (8), and the left and right movement of the brake group on the bracket (8) is floating, so that the brake clearance between the right brake shoe (20) and the brake disc (1) is increased to delta2Simultaneously, the brake clearance between the left brake shoe (2) and the brake disc (1) is reduced to delta1Whether or not Δ1、Δ2How to change, all maintain a1+Δ2＝Δ；
The monitoring process before driving: if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3If no fault is found, the driving is allowed; if monitoring the positive pressure F of the right brake3Not equal to 0, if the brake group is diagnosed to have a brake-not-opening fault, the vehicle is not allowed to be driven, and the vehicle can be driven after the fault is eliminated;
the monitoring process of the opening state: the brake disc (1) rotates the hoist to drive, if monitor the positive pressure F of the right braking3Not equal to 0, if the brake application fault of the brake group is diagnosed, alarming and starting safety braking;
the above processes are circulated, and the real-time monitoring of the braking positive pressure is completed to achieve the reliable operation of the floating brake.
CN202110423208.4A 2021-04-20 2021-04-20 Floating brake for monitoring brake positive pressure and monitoring method thereof Pending CN112963470A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110423208.4A CN112963470A (en) 2021-04-20 2021-04-20 Floating brake for monitoring brake positive pressure and monitoring method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110423208.4A CN112963470A (en) 2021-04-20 2021-04-20 Floating brake for monitoring brake positive pressure and monitoring method thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN112963470A true CN112963470A (en) 2021-06-15

Family

ID=76280873

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202110423208.4A Pending CN112963470A (en) 2021-04-20 2021-04-20 Floating brake for monitoring brake positive pressure and monitoring method thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN112963470A (en)

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