CN112963461A

CN112963461A - Stepless adjustable self-centering claw coupling for connecting aperture

Info

Publication number: CN112963461A
Application number: CN202110497486.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗连潭; 黄向华; 张天宏
Original assignee: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Current assignee: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Priority date: 2021-05-07
Filing date: 2021-05-07
Publication date: 2021-06-15

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-centering claw coupler with stepless adjustable connecting aperture, and belongs to the technical field of couplers. The disclosed coupling includes: the clamping device comprises a first sleeve body (1), a first jaw spring body, a main body (4), a second jaw spring body and a second sleeve body (7). The claw spring body is formed by sequentially staggering n claws and n springs to form a ring, sequencing and connecting. The cross connecting body (44) on the main body (4) comprises a longitudinal connecting end and a transverse connecting end, multi-dimensional deflection of the coupler can be achieved, and small misalignment of the two shafts can be tolerated. The invention solves the problem that two connecting axes of the existing gap-matched split single-opening coupler are not coincident when the coupler is screwed down and fixed by adopting a mode that a plurality of clamping jaws can radially and concentrically move to automatically center the connecting shaft and the coupler, has the characteristic of stepless adjustable connecting holes, can be suitable for multi-size shaft diameter connection, is beneficial to batch production and cost reduction, and has the advantages of simple and convenient installation, accurate shaft center position, wide range of applicable rotating speed and the like.

Description

Stepless adjustable self-centering claw coupling for connecting aperture

Technical Field

The invention particularly relates to a self-centering jaw coupler with stepless adjustable connecting aperture, and belongs to the technical field of couplers.

Background

In production life, most of high-speed motors drive the driven parts to rotate, the motors and the driven parts are connected through a coupling to transmit torque, and the operating states of the driven equipment and the motors are directly influenced by the quality of alignment of the motor shafts and the driven equipment shafts, for example, vibration increase, noise increase, mechanical seal damage, driven part efficiency reduction and energy consumption increase can be caused by poor alignment. The good centering can reduce the production loss, prolong the service life of equipment, slow down the failure of a bearing and a seal, reduce the vibration of the equipment, reduce the abrasion of a coupling, reduce the maintenance cost and reduce the power consumption.

At present, in order to facilitate installation, the hole of the coupler and the two connecting shafts are generally in clearance fit, the clearance amount accounts for 0-10% of the hole diameter approximately, so that when the coupler with a single opening (such as the invention patent CN110469593A) is screwed and fixed, the connecting holes are extruded and deformed into a water drop shape with one round end and one pointed end, and the centering surface is directionally deviated, so that the axes of the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole of the coupler are not overlapped, and the final effect is that the axes of the two connecting shafts and the axis of the coupler are not overlapped. However, if there is a small amount of misalignment between the two shafts, the misalignment will increase, and the elastic diaphragm of the coupling with the elastic diaphragm will also easily generate misalignment when mounted, i.e. the misalignment problem mentioned above occurs, and the result is clear.

At present, the problem of influence on the misalignment caused by the mounting clearance of the coupling is not recognized in China, and a plurality of schemes are provided only when the misalignment problem is solved, for example, the invention patent CN103486144A discloses an adjustable coupling which uses radial positioning screws for centering positioning, but because of point contact, 8 screws need to be adjusted repeatedly back and forth to enable two connecting shafts to be well centered and positioned, and when the mounting clearance exists, the four-point positioning method is unstable, and the driving shaft and the driven shaft are easy to deflect when being bent.

In order to solve the problem that the elastic diaphragm is easy to generate misalignment when being installed, a mode that four knives are directly cut on the coupler to pass through semicircular cracks is adopted in an appearance design patent 'stainless steel parallel line coupler' with the authorization number of ZL304421184S, the same effect of the elastic diaphragm is achieved, the problem of misalignment of installation is well solved, however, four knives are required to be cut at different positions for movement with two degrees of freedom, the required length is long, and the deformation of the coupler can cause the two ends of the coupler to deviate from the position of a main axis when the coupler is subjected to large torque.

The coupler is used as a high-precision connecting piece, generally, one shaft diameter corresponds to one hole diameter, so that the size and variety of the coupler of one manufacturer are excessive to some extent, and the economic benefit of reducing the cost in batch production is limited.

In summary, there is no good method for dealing with the problem of clearance fit and misalignment caused by the installation error of the elastic diaphragm, which can further improve the effect of mass production and reduce the cost, and thus a new coupling needs to be designed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a self-centering claw coupler with stepless adjustable connecting aperture, and aims to solve the problems of misalignment caused by clearance fit between a coupler connecting hole and a connecting shaft and installation errors of elastic diaphragms, and the effects of increasing batch production and reducing cost.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the self-centering jaw coupler with the stepless adjustable connecting aperture comprises a first sleeve body, a first jaw spring body, a main body, a second jaw spring body and a second sleeve body; the first end boss of the main body is in centering and positioning connection with the first sleeve body and the first jaw spring body in a circumferential, axial and radial three-way mode through a clamping groove, threads and an inclined curved surface, and the second end is also in the same connection mode; the jaw spring body is formed by sequentially interleaving n same jaws and n same springs to form a ring and sequencing connection; n identical clamping jaws at the first end and the second end are fixed through n identical external resisting forces of springs and internal screwing pressure of threads, and are respectively in contact with, centered and positioned through n lines to clamp the first connecting shaft and the second connecting shaft; the convex body is characterized by sequentially comprising n first jaw grooves, a first external thread, a first anti-skid stripe, a cross connector, a second anti-skid stripe, a second external thread and n second jaw grooves which are arranged on the convex body from the first end to the second end; the cross connecting body arranged on the main body comprises a longitudinal connecting end and a transverse connecting end; the longitudinal connecting end and the transverse connecting end are formed by four less-semicircular splits uniformly opened on the main body, and the coupling can slightly deflect in the F direction and the E direction respectively, so that the micro misalignment between the driving part and the driven part is tolerated; compared with the elastic diaphragm, the cross-shaped body has the advantages that the cross-shaped body is a part of the convex-shaped body, so that the misalignment caused by installation errors when a diaphragm structure is adopted for installation is eliminated;

the first sleeve body and the second sleeve body are characterized in that anti-skid stripes, internal threads and a truncated cone inclined curved surface with an inclined angle of c are correspondingly arranged on the first sleeve body and the second sleeve body;

the first end clamping jaw and the second end clamping jaw are characterized in that a convex body, two spring holes, an inclined curved surface and a flat curved surface with an inclined angle of c are arranged on the first end clamping jaw and the second end clamping jaw; the angle formed by the two crossed planes is a, and the size is as follows: a is 360 DEG/n; the length of the flat curved surface on the sleeve body is L/2, wherein L is the length of the flat curved surface of the sleeve body and is also the length of a boss on the main body; the oblique curved surface of the claw is the same as the oblique angle of the oblique curved surface of the sleeve body, so that the claw can be radially centered and axially positioned.

The self-centering jaw coupler with the stepless adjustable connecting aperture is characterized in that the main body is provided with a plurality of cross connecting bodies so as to increase the misalignment amount of the two connecting shafts which can be tolerated by the coupler; the first and second external threads on the body are threaded in either a clockwise or counterclockwise direction as viewed from the first end to the second end and are configured to: when the two connecting shafts are screwed down, the anti-skid strips at the same end can be screwed down by hands, otherwise the anti-skid strips cannot be screwed in, so that the coupler cannot receive strong twisting force at the two ends due to misoperation of a user, and the anti-twist effect is achieved; the jaw spring body can realize the change of the aperture of the coupler from 0 to D/2, wherein D is the diameter of the first external thread (42) on the main body (4).

As a further scheme of the invention: the self-centering claw coupling with the stepless adjustable connecting aperture is characterized in that the self-centering claw coupling can also be in a rigid coupling structure, the rigid coupling structure is the same as that of an elastic coupling, but a cross connecting body arranged in a main body is removed.

The installation method of the self-centering jaw coupler with the stepless adjustable connecting aperture is as follows: the n same first end clamping jaws are radially ejected by the external force of the spring, the n same first end clamping jaws need to be centered, positioned and fixed by an inclined curved surface of the first sleeve body (1) and screwed on the main body by threads, and the second connecting end also has the same operation; precession and the back-out through the first cover body can reach the effect that reduces and increase installation aperture respectively, during concrete installation, use first end as the example, the back-out earlier so that first connecting axle can put into, then the precession reduces the mounting hole, when the same first end jack catch of n mutually and axle contact, the anti-skidding screw thread on the handheld first cover body, the first anti-skidding stripe in the handheld main part of another, reverse increase moment twists reverse the screwing up, if the anti-skidding screw thread of the handheld second end of another probably leads to the moment of torsion too big and make the shaft coupling warp when screwing up. For a splined shaft, the jaws may not be engaged in the grooves to prevent misalignment of the centering position.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the problem of non-alignment of clearance fit can be solved by using the coupler with the stepless adjustable connecting holes. The mode that a plurality of claws can radially and concentrically move to enable the connecting shaft and the coupler to be automatically centered has the characteristic of well automatically calibrating multidimensional misalignment, and the fixing mode of multi-line contact enables three axes of the two connecting shafts and the coupler shaft to be highly superposed in three dimensions, so that the misalignment of clearance fit is eliminated. Compared with an elastic diaphragm, the cross-shaped body has the advantages that the cross-shaped body is a part of the convex-shaped body, the influence on the non-central quantity caused by the installation error in the installation process of adopting the diaphragm structure is eliminated, the four-blade semicircular gap is cut at two positions in the machining process, the length of the coupler is shortened, and the cross-shaped body cannot deviate from the position of a main shaft line when being twisted. When the connecting device is connected, only two sleeve bodies need to be screwed, so the connecting device also has the characteristics of simple structure and convenient operation. In conclusion, the invention has the characteristics of better effect of eliminating the deviation of the hole and the shaft center and the influence on the median caused by the installation error of the diaphragm structure, and stepless adjustment of the aperture, so that the coupling with one size can be used for connecting shafts within a certain size range (0-D/2), thereby increasing the economic benefits of batch production and reducing the cost.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an exploded assembly view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a second end jaw of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a cruciform attachment provided on the body of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the variable aperture clamping principle of the jaw spring body of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a rotated cross-sectional view of the invention, the rotated elements being 6 and 2, the degree of rotation being 60.

In the figure: 1-a first sleeve body, 2-a first end jaw, 3-a first end spring, 4-a main body, 41-a first jaw groove, 42-a first external thread, 43-a first anti-slip stripe, 44-a cross connector, 441-a longitudinal connecting end, 442-a transverse connecting end, 45-a second anti-slip stripe, 46-a second external thread, 47-a second jaw groove, 5-a second end spring, 6-a second end jaw, 61-a convex body, 62-a spring hole, 7-a second sleeve body, 71-an internal thread, 72-an anti-slip stripe, 8-a second connecting shaft and 9-a first connecting shaft.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, in an embodiment of the present invention, a self-centering jaw coupling with stepless adjustable connecting aperture includes a first sleeve body 1, a first jaw spring body, a main body 4, a second jaw spring body, and a second sleeve body 7; the jaw spring body is formed by sequentially interleaving 3 same jaws and 3 same springs to form a ring in sequence; a boss at the first end of the main body 4 is connected with the first sleeve body 1 and the first jaw spring body in a centering and positioning manner in the circumferential direction, the axial direction and the radial direction respectively through a clamping groove, threads and an inclined curved surface, and the second end is also connected in the same manner; 3 identical clamping jaws at the first end and the second end are fixed through 3 identical external resisting forces of springs and screwing internal pressure of threads, and are respectively in contact with, centered and positioned through 3 lines to clamp the first connecting shaft 9 and the second connecting shaft 8; the convex body 4 is characterized by sequentially comprising 3 first claw grooves 41, a first external thread 42, a first anti-skid stripe 43, a cross connector 44, a second anti-skid stripe 45, a second

external thread

46 and 3 second claw grooves 47 which are arranged on the convex body from the first end to the second end; the first sleeve body 1 and the second sleeve body 7 are characterized in that anti-skid stripes 72, internal threads 71 and a circular truncated cone inclined curved surface with an oblique angle of c are correspondingly arranged on the first sleeve body and the second sleeve body.

Referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, there may be a plurality of cross connectors 44 disposed on the main body 4; the screwing directions of the first external thread 42 and the second external thread 46 on the main body 4 are both clockwise or both counterclockwise as far as possible when viewed from the first end to the second end; the jaw spring body can realize the change of the aperture of the coupler from 0 to D/2, wherein D is the diameter of the first external thread 42 on the main body 4, and the size of D can be 20-200 mm or even larger.

Referring to fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first end jaw 2 and the second end jaw 6 are characterized in that a convex body 61, two spring holes 62, an inclined curved surface with an oblique angle c and a flat curved surface are disposed thereon; the angle formed by the two crossed planes is a, and the size is as follows: a is 360 DEG/n; the length of the flat curved surface on the sleeve body is L/2, wherein L is the length of the flat curved surface of the sleeve body and is also the length of the boss on the main body 4, and the size of L can be 8-80 mm and even larger.

Referring to fig. 3, in the embodiment of the present invention, the cross connecting body 44 disposed on the main body 4 includes a longitudinal connecting end 441 and a transverse connecting end 442. The longitudinal and transverse connecting ends are formed by four less-semicircular splits which are uniformly opened by the main body 4, and can respectively allow the shaft coupler to slightly deflect towards F and E, so that micro misalignment between the driving part and the driven part is tolerated, and the cross-shaped connecting body 44 is a part of the main body 4 compared with the elastic diaphragm, so that misalignment caused by installation errors in installation by adopting a diaphragm structure is eliminated.

As a further scheme of the invention: a self-centering jaw coupler with stepless adjustable connecting aperture is characterized in that a structural form of a rigid coupler can be adopted; the rigid coupling structure is the same as the elastic coupling, but the cross connecting body 44 arranged in the main body 4 is removed, and the scheme is mainly used for equipment with two connecting shafts adjustable, because the rigid coupling can fully automatically calibrate the contact ratio of the two connecting shafts through the clamping jaws, and theoretically, no misalignment exists.

Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, a self-centering jaw coupling with stepless adjustable connection aperture includes: installing the convex bodies 61 of 3 identical first end clamping jaws 2 on the 3 first clamping jaw grooves 41 on the main body 4, clamping two ends of 3 springs in 6 spring holes 62, wherein the 3 identical first end clamping jaws can be radially popped out under the action of the external force of the springs, the inclined curved surfaces of the first sleeve 1 are required to be used for centering, positioning and fixing, the first sleeve is screwed and fixed on the main body 4 by threads, and the second connecting end is also operated in the same way; the effect of reducing and increasing the installation aperture can be achieved by screwing in and out the first sleeve body 1 respectively, when in specific installation, taking the first end as an example, firstly screwing out is carried out so that the first connecting shaft 9 can be put in, then screwing in and reducing the installation hole, when 3 same first end clamping jaws 2 are contacted with the shaft, the anti-skid threads on the first sleeve body 1 are held by one hand, the first anti-skid stripes 43 on the other hand-held main body 4 are twisted and screwed up by increasing the torque reversely, and if the anti-skid threads on the other hand-held second end can cause overlarge torque when being screwed up, the coupler is deformed; for a splined shaft, the jaws may not be engaged in the grooves to prevent misalignment of the centering position.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: referring to fig. 4, the clamping aperture can be freely changed by the jaw spring body composed of three jaws and three springs, so that the stepless adjustment of the mounting aperture of the coupler is realized. Referring to fig. 5, by radial centering and axial positioning of the oblique curved surface of the sleeve body and the oblique curved surface of the clamping jaw, which have oblique angles of c, and circumferential positioning of the clamping jaw groove, three axes of the two connecting shafts and the shaft coupling shaft can be highly superposed in three dimensions, so that misalignment is eliminated, and clamping and fixing of different shaft diameters can be realized according to different precession amounts of the sleeve body. Referring to fig. 3, the cross-shaped connecting body can well utilize the gaps at two sides of the connecting space to deflect, the longitudinal connecting end 441 and the transverse connecting end 442 can slightly deflect the coupler in the directions of F and E respectively, so that the cross-shaped connecting body plays a role of an elastic diaphragm, and has the characteristics of short required length and no deviation of two ends of the coupler from the position of a main axis when twisted

The functions are as follows: the centering device has the functional characteristics of simple and convenient centering adjustment operation, reliable centering effect and stepless adjustable connecting shaft diameter, can well play a role in connecting the driving part and the driven part, and has stable load of the driven part.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and based on the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, those skilled in the art can make some simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications to some technical features without creative efforts based on the disclosed technical contents, and all fall into the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. The self-centering jaw coupler with the stepless adjustable connecting aperture comprises a first sleeve body (1), a first jaw spring body, a main body (4), a second jaw spring body and a second sleeve body (7); a boss at the first end of the main body (4) is in centering and positioning connection with the first sleeve body (1) and the first jaw spring body in three directions of circumference, axis and diameter through a clamping groove, threads and an inclined curved surface respectively, and the second end is also in the same connection mode; the jaw spring body is formed by sequentially interleaving n same jaws and n same springs to form a ring and sequencing connection; the n identical clamping jaws at the first end and the second end are fixed through the n identical external resisting forces of the springs and the screwing internal pressure of the threads, and are respectively in contact with, centering and positioning through n lines to clamp the first connecting shaft (9) and the second connecting shaft (8); the convex body (4) is characterized by sequentially comprising n first jaw grooves (41), a first external thread (42), a first anti-skid stripe (43), a cross connecting body (44), a second anti-skid stripe (45), a second external thread (46) and n second jaw grooves (47) which are arranged on the convex body from the first end to the second end; the cross connecting body (44) arranged on the main body (4) comprises a longitudinal connecting end (441) and a transverse connecting end (442); the longitudinal connecting end and the transverse connecting end are formed by four semicircular gaps uniformly formed in the main body (4), and the coupler can slightly deflect in the F direction and the E direction respectively;

the first sleeve body (1) and the second sleeve body (7) are characterized in that anti-skid stripes (72), internal threads (71) and a circular truncated cone inclined curved surface with an inclined angle of c are correspondingly arranged on the first sleeve body and the second sleeve body;

the first end clamping jaw (2) and the second end clamping jaw (6) are characterized in that a convex body (61), two spring holes (62), an inclined curved surface with an inclined angle of c and a flat curved surface are arranged on the first end clamping jaw and the second end clamping jaw; the angle formed by the two crossed planes is a, and the size is as follows: a is 360 °/n. The length of the flat curved surface on the sleeve body is L/2, wherein L is the length of the flat curved surface of the sleeve body and is also the length of the lug boss on the main body (4).

2. The electrodeless adjustable self-centering jaw coupling as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the number of the cross connecting bodies (44) provided on the main body (4) is plural; the screwing directions of the first external thread (42) and the second external thread (46) on the main body (4) are both clockwise or both counterclockwise as far as possible when viewed from the first end to the second end; the jaw spring body can realize the change of the aperture of the coupler from 0 to D/2, wherein D is the diameter of the first external thread (42) on the main body (4).

3. A self-centering jaw coupling with infinitely adjustable coupling aperture according to claim 1, characterized in that it can also be in the form of a rigid coupling, which is constructed as an elastic coupling, but with the cross-connection (44) provided in the body (4) removed.

4. The electrodeless adjustable self-centering jaw coupling of claim 1, wherein the installation method comprises the following steps: the convex bodies (61) of n identical first end clamping jaws (2) are arranged in n first clamping jaw grooves (41) on the main body (4), two ends of n springs are clamped in 2n spring holes (62), at the moment, the n identical first end clamping jaws can be radially ejected by the external resisting force of the springs, the inclined curved surface of the first sleeve body (1) needs to be used for centering, positioning and fixing, and the first end clamping jaws are screwed on the main body (4) by threads, and the second connecting end also has the same operation; the effect of reducing and increasing the installation aperture can be achieved by screwing in and out the first sleeve body (1), when in specific installation, taking the first end as an example, firstly screwing out is carried out so as to put in the first connecting shaft (9), then screwing in and reducing the installation hole, when n identical first end clamping jaws (2) are contacted with the shaft, the anti-skid thread on the first sleeve body (1) is held by one hand, the first anti-skid stripe (43) on the other hand-held main body (4) is reversely increased in torque and twisted and screwed, if the anti-skid thread on the second end is held by the other hand, the torque is too large when screwing up, so that the coupler is deformed; for a splined shaft, the jaws may not be engaged in the grooves to prevent misalignment of the centering position.