CN112963159B - Operation method of ground-in shield model test reaction frame device with continuous propelling capability - Google Patents
Operation method of ground-in shield model test reaction frame device with continuous propelling capability Download PDFInfo
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- CN112963159B CN112963159B CN202110080668.1A CN202110080668A CN112963159B CN 112963159 B CN112963159 B CN 112963159B CN 202110080668 A CN202110080668 A CN 202110080668A CN 112963159 B CN112963159 B CN 112963159B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0621—Shield advancing devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/003—Arrangement of measuring or indicating devices for use during driving of tunnels, e.g. for guiding machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/087—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
Abstract
An operation method of a ground out-in type shield model test reaction frame device with continuous propelling capability comprises the steps of determining a reduced scale proportion and a test scheme according to the actual situation and field conditions of a ground out-in type shield starting project, laying a soil body, processing the slope of a soil body starting side according to the test scheme, completing the connection between equipment and the ground, installing an angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder and a model shield machine track, releasing the oil pressure in a reaction plate hydraulic cylinder, and closing the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder when a shield reaction plate retracts to the tail part of a shield reaction plate slide rail; installing a model shield machine on a model shield machine track, installing a baffle, starting an angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder, immediately closing the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder until an angle indicating pointer points to the angle set by the current test, stopping the rotation of the model shield machine track, starting the model shield machine, and cutting soil by a cutter head at the front end of the model shield machine. The invention has large angle adjusting amplitude and high accuracy, and greatly improves the compatibility of the shield machine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of shield tests, and relates to an operation method of a ground access type shield model test reaction frame device with continuous propulsion capability, which is suitable for a ground access type shield model test.
Background
The ground access type shield is a novel shield construction method, compared with the traditional shield construction method, the ground access type shield does not need to excavate a shield initial well and a shield receiving well, so that traffic diversion and building mobility required in the traditional shield construction are avoided, a large amount of engineering risks are avoided, and the subway shield construction efficiency of urban dense areas is greatly improved. The shield tunnel is used as an underground structure, and the safety of the shield tunnel in the construction period and the operation period is very important for a city, and needs to pay close attention of city builders. The model test is used as an intuitive and reliable test method, is widely used for feasibility research of shield construction, and can guide the design of shield parameters and construction organizations. The existing shield test equipment at the present stage is generally used for traditional shield model tests of underground originating and underground receiving, has no shield originating inclination angle adjusting function, and cannot be used for ground access type shield originating model tests. In addition, the existing shield model test reaction frame device can not actively provide thrust for the shield machine, the jack stroke (step length) of the applicable shield machine is single, and the requirement for simulating multiple propulsion step lengths can not be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides the operation method of the ground-in type shield model test reaction frame device with continuous propelling capability, which can be applied to the ground-in type shield starting model test at any starting angle, has large angle regulation amplitude and high precision, can actively provide thrust for a shield machine, and greatly improves the compatibility of the shield machine.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a method of operating a ground-access shield model test reaction frame apparatus with continuous propulsion capability, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) Determining a reduced scale and a test scheme according to the actual situation and site conditions of the ground access type shield launching project, and selecting a shield model box and a model shield machine which meet the test requirements;
(b) Laying a soil body: and calculating the heights of the starting side and the terminal side of the soil body according to the test scheme, so that the soil body is in a slope shape at the starting side of the shield model box, the slope toe is close to the starting side, the slope top is close to the terminal side, the shield propulsion axis passes through the slope of the soil body, and the soil sample is taken from the engineering construction site. When a soil body is laid, soil pressure boxes are arranged on two sides of a predicted propulsion axis, and a displacement sensor is arranged on the upper portion of the soil body and used for measuring changes of internal stress and displacement of the soil body in the test process;
(c) Processing the slope of the soil body starting side according to the test scheme, excavating the soil body at the starting side to the height of the soil body starting side obtained by calculation, and forming a soil body slope with a slope toe close to the starting side, a slope top close to the terminal side and the same slope as the test scheme;
(d) According to the requirements of a ground in-out type shield model test, fixing a support bracket and a tail rotating shaft of an angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder on the equipment foundation on one side of a shield model box by using a fixing bolt to complete the connection between the equipment and the ground;
(e) An angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder is installed and is connected with the equipment foundation through a rotating shaft at the tail part of the angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder;
(f) Installing a model shield tunneling machine track, wherein the model shield tunneling machine track is connected with a support bracket through a shield tunneling machine track rotating shaft and is connected with an angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder through an angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder head rotating shaft;
(g) Releasing the oil pressure in the hydraulic oil cylinder of the reaction plate, and retracting the shield reaction plate along the shield reaction plate slide rail at the moment;
(h) When the shield reaction plate retracts to the tail of the shield reaction plate slide rail, closing the reaction plate hydraulic oil cylinder, and stopping the movement of the shield reaction plate;
(i) Installing a model shield machine on a model shield machine track to enable the tail part of the model shield machine to be tightly attached to a shield reaction plate; (j) Installing a baffle to keep the angle of the model shield tunneling machine stable;
(k) Starting the angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder, enabling the model shield tunneling machine track to start rotating around a shield tunneling machine track rotating shaft, and observing the angle indicator;
(l) When the angle indicating pointer is about to point to the current test set angle, reducing the oil pressure increment of the angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder to enable the model shield tunneling machine track to rotate slowly;
(m) immediately closing the angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder until the angle indicating pointer points to the current experimental set angle, and stopping the rotation of the model shield machine track;
(n) starting the model shield tunneling machine, and cutting soil by a cutter head at the front end of the model shield tunneling machine; according to the requirements of the test scheme, if the test scheme is a cyclic construction test scheme of propulsion, jack retraction and re-propulsion, starting a jack of a shield tail of the model shield machine to provide thrust for the model shield machine; retracting the shield tail jack when the shield tail jack reaches the stroke each time, and simultaneously opening a hydraulic oil cylinder of the reaction plate to ensure that the shield reaction plate is always tightly attached to the jack at the tail part of the model shield machine; and when the shield tail jack is completely retracted, closing the hydraulic oil cylinder of the counterforce plate, and starting the shield tail jack again to provide thrust, and circularly operating to enable the model shield tunneling machine to enter the soil body. If the test scheme is a test scheme of continuous and uninterrupted propulsion, starting a hydraulic oil cylinder of a counterforce plate to provide continuous thrust for the model shield tunneling machine, and enabling the model shield tunneling machine to continuously enter a soil body;
(o) when most of the model shield machine enters the soil body, the soil body has sufficient supporting force to the model shield machine to keep the angle of the model shield machine, the baffle is disassembled, and the shield machine continues to be propelled;
(p) when the hydraulic oil cylinder of the reaction plate reaches the stroke, the shield reaction plate moves to the front end of the track of the model shield tunneling machine, the model shield tunneling machine enters the soil body completely, and the model shield tunneling machine is closed;
(q) recording various data of the test, and finishing a test period;
and (r) repeating the steps (b) to (q) according to the test scheme, completing all tests, analyzing and summarizing test data, concluding the schemes that the stress and the settlement meet the construction quality requirements, carrying out economic evaluation on the schemes, and finally revealing the optimal shield launching angle to guide the design and construction of the tunnel.
Further, the ground-in-out type shield model test reaction frame device with continuous propelling capability comprises an equipment foundation, a fixing bolt, a supporting bracket, a shield machine track rotating shaft, an angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder tail rotating shaft, an angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder head rotating shaft, a model shield machine track, a shield reaction plate sliding rail, a shield reaction plate, a baffle, a reaction plate hydraulic cylinder fixing base, a model shield machine, a shield model box and a soil body.
The equipment foundation is a concrete foundation which is poured into a whole with the ground or the shield model box; the supporting bracket is fixedly connected with the equipment foundation; one end of the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder is connected with the equipment foundation through an angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder tail rotating shaft, and the other end of the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder is connected with the model shield tunneling machine track through an angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder head rotating shaft, so that the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder tail rotating shaft and the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder head rotating shaft can rotate by taking the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder tail rotating shaft and the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder head rotating shaft as shafts; the model shield machine track is connected with the support bracket through a shield machine track rotating shaft and can rotate by taking the shield machine track rotating shaft as a shaft; the shield reaction plate slide rail is fixedly connected with a model shield machine track; the shield reaction plate is connected with the shield reaction plate slide rail through a clamping groove, is fixedly connected with the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder, and can be pushed by the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder to slide along the shield reaction plate slide rail; the baffle is fixedly connected with the shield reaction plate; the reaction plate hydraulic oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the reaction plate hydraulic oil cylinder fixing base; the fixed base of the hydraulic oil cylinder of the counterforce plate is fixedly connected with the model shield machine track; the model shield machine is placed in a groove of the model shield machine track and is tightly attached to the groove.
Furthermore, the device also comprises an angle indicator, an angle indicating pointer and scale marks; the angle indicator is connected with the supporting bracket through an adhesive; the angle indicating pointer is connected with the model shield tunneling machine track through an adhesive and penetrates through the angle indicator, so that the angle indicating pointer can normally point to the scale mark; the scale lines are printed on the angle indicator.
Furthermore, the supporting bracket is connected with the equipment foundation through a fixing bolt; the shield reaction plate slide rail is welded with the model shield machine track; the shield is characterized in that the shield reaction plate is connected with the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder in a welding mode, the baffle is connected with the shield reaction plate in a welding mode, and the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder fixing base is connected with the model shield machine track in a welding mode.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: and (1) the shield launching angle can be accurately adjusted. The device is provided with an angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder and related connecting pieces, the connecting modes are all fixed hinge supports, stepless accurate adjustment of the ground access type shield starting angle is achieved, the adjustment is completed by stretching of the angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder, and the shield starting angle is indicated by an angle indicator in real time. And (2) the reaction force system is multifunctional. The device is provided with the independently controlled reaction plate hydraulic oil cylinder at the tail part of the reaction plate, so that the device can not only freely adjust the position of the reaction plate, realize the circular construction of propulsion-jack retraction-re-propulsion in the traditional shield construction, but also continuously provide thrust for the model shield machine, and simplify the working requirements of the model shield machine. (3) The device is simple and easy to deploy in a test, the device is connected by the fixed hinge support, only the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder and the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder need to be controlled in the test process, the hydraulic control is realized, the hydraulic servo system can be used for controlling the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder and the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder, the requirements on test sites and equipment are less, and the operation is simple and convenient.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of a ground-entry shield model test reaction frame arrangement with continuous propulsion capability.
Figure 2 is a left side view of a ground-entry shield model test reaction frame arrangement with continuous propulsion capability.
Figure 3 is a right side view of a ground-entry shield model test reaction frame arrangement with continuous propulsion capability.
FIG. 4 is a schematic of horizontal origination (0 degrees).
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a tilt-launch (ground entry).
Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of hydraulic ram advancement.
Fig. 7 is a schematic illustration of the propulsion of a model shield machine.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of an angle indicator.
Fig. 9 is a front view of the reaction force system.
Fig. 10 is a left side view of the reaction force system.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of an implementation state.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 11, an operation method of a ground entry shield model test reaction frame device with continuous propulsion capability includes the cycle construction of propulsion, jack retraction and re-propulsion, a certain ground entry shield launching project adopts a phi 6380mm GPST special earth pressure balance shield to construct, the two shield propulsion step lengths (ring widths) are 1m and 1.2m respectively, the arrangement is shown in table 1, and soil layer parameters obtained by engineering investigation are shown in table 2. In order to seek the balance between the construction quality and the economic benefit, the optimal shield launching angle is disclosed, and a series of ground access type shield launching model tests are developed. The traditional shield model test reaction frame can not meet the actual requirement of ground in-out type shield model test starting, and the operation method of the ground in-out type shield model test reaction frame device with continuous propelling capability can conveniently, quickly and accurately realize the requirement of ground in-out type shield model test starting.
| |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | In total |
| Ring width (m) | 1 | 1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1 | 1.2 | 1 | 1 | 11 |
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
The embodiment of the invention is as follows:
(a) According to the actual situation and site conditions of the ground entry shield launching project, the scale ratio is determined to be 1. In order to eliminate the influence of the boundary effect, a shield model box 18 with the length a =4000mm, the width b =2500mmm, the height of the starting side (the starting end of the shield propulsion axis) of the shield model box of 1400mm and the height of the terminal side (the finishing end of the shield propulsion axis) of the shield model box of 2200mm is selected, and the starting side of the bottom plate of the shield model box 18 extends out 1500mm in the length direction to be used as the equipment foundation 1 of the device. The height of the support bracket 3 is the same as the height of the originating side of the shield model box.
(b) And laying soil. According to the test scheme, the height of the starting side of the soil body 18 is 1300mm and the height of the terminal side is 1800mm, so that the soil body is in a slope shape at the starting side of the shield model box, the slope foot is close to the starting side, the slope top is close to the terminal side, and the shield propulsion axis passes through the slope of the soil body. Firstly, soil is paved according to the calculated height of the soil on the end point side, the soil layer distribution is shown in table 3, and soil samples are all taken from the engineering construction site. As shown in the figure, when the soil body is arranged, soil pressure boxes are arranged on two sides of a predicted propulsion axis, and displacement sensors are arranged on the upper portion of the soil body and used for measuring changes of internal stress and displacement of the soil body in the test process.
| Serial number | Soil layer name | Soil thickness (mm) | Level at the top layer (mm) |
| ① | |
150 | 0 |
| ② | Sandy |
600 | 150 |
| ③ | |
750 | 750 |
| ④ | |
300 | 1500 |
TABLE 3
(c) The soil mass originating side grade was treated according to the test protocol shown in table 4. And excavating the soil body at the starting side to the height of the soil body starting side obtained by calculation to form a soil body slope with a slope toe close to the starting side, a slope top close to the terminal side and a slope gradient consistent with the test scheme.
| |
① | ② | ③ | ④ | ⑤ | ⑥ | ⑦ | ⑧ |
| Slope angle (°) | 0 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 |
TABLE 4
(d) According to the requirements of a ground access type shield model test, a support bracket 3 and a tail rotating shaft 6 of an angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder are fixed on an equipment foundation (ground) 1 on one side of a shield model box by using a fixing bolt 2, and the connection between the equipment and the ground is completed.
(e) An angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder 5 is installed, and the angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder 5 is connected with an equipment foundation (ground) 1 through a rotating shaft 6 at the tail part of the angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder.
(f) And installing a model shield tunneling machine track 8, wherein the model shield tunneling machine track 8 is connected with the support bracket 3 through a shield tunneling machine track rotating shaft 4 and is connected with the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder 5 through an angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder tail rotating shaft 6.
(g) The oil pressure in the counter-force plate hydraulic oil cylinder 12 is released, and the shield counter-force plate 10 retracts along the shield counter-force plate slide rail 9.
(h) And when the shield reaction plate 10 retracts to the tail part of the shield reaction plate slide rail 9, closing the reaction plate hydraulic oil cylinder 12, and stopping the shield reaction plate 10 from moving.
(i) And installing a model shield machine 14 on the model shield machine track 8, so that the tail part of the model shield machine is tightly attached to the shield reaction plate 10.
(j) And installing a baffle 11 to keep the angle of the model shield tunneling machine 14 stable.
(k) And starting the angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder 5, starting the model shield machine track 8 to rotate around the shield machine track rotating shaft 4, and observing the angle indicator 15.
(l) And when the angle indicating pointer 16 is about to point to the current experimental set angle, reducing the oil pressure increment of the angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder 5 to enable the model shield tunneling machine track 8 to rotate slowly.
(m) immediately closing the angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder 5 until the angle indicating pointer 16 points to the current experimental set angle, and stopping the rotation of the model shield tunneling machine track 8.
(n) starting the model shield tunneling machine 14, wherein the cutter head at the front end of the model shield tunneling machine 14 starts to cut soil, and the jack at the tail part starts to provide thrust.
(o) according to the actual propelling step length requirement of the shield engineering and the model test scale, the test propelling step length is shown in table 5. When the model shield machine 14 advances a ring (a working period) specified in the test, the hydraulic oil cylinder 12 of the reaction plate is opened, and simultaneously the jack at the tail part of the model shield machine 14 is retracted, so that the shield reaction plate 10 is always tightly attached to the jack at the tail part of the model shield machine 14.
| |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | In total |
| Ring width (mm) | 50 | 50 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 50 | 60 | 50 | 50 | 550 |
TABLE 5
(p) immediately closing the reaction plate hydraulic oil cylinder 12 after the jack at the tail part of the model shield machine 14 is completely retracted.
(q) starting the jack at the tail part of the model shield machine 14 again to push the model shield machine 14 to advance;
(r) repeating the steps (n) - (q) and enabling the model shield tunneling machine 14 to enter the soil body step by step.
(s) when most of the model shield machine 14 enters the soil body, the soil body has sufficient supporting force to the model shield machine 14 to keep the angle of the model shield machine, the baffle 11 is disassembled, and the steps (n) - (q) are continuously repeated.
(t) when the hydraulic oil cylinder 12 of the reaction plate reaches the stroke, the shield reaction plate 10 moves to the front end of the track 8 of the model shield machine, the model shield machine 14 enters the soil body completely, and the model shield machine 14 is closed.
(u) recording each item of test data, and finishing one test period.
(v) And (5) repeating the steps (b) - (u) according to the test scheme, completing all tests described in the table 4, analyzing and summarizing test data, summarizing schemes that the stress and the settlement meet the construction quality requirements, carrying out economic evaluation on the schemes, and finally revealing the optimal shield launching angle to guide the design and the construction of the tunnel.
The ground-in-out type shield model test reaction frame device with continuous propelling capability comprises an equipment foundation 1 (ground), a fixing bolt 2, a supporting bracket 3, a shield machine track rotating shaft 4, an angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder 5, an angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder tail rotating shaft 6, an angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder head rotating shaft 7, a model shield machine track 8, a shield reaction plate sliding rail 9, a shield reaction plate 10, a baffle 11, a reaction plate hydraulic cylinder 12, a reaction plate hydraulic cylinder fixing base 13, a model shield machine 14, a shield model box 18 and a soil body 19.
The equipment foundation 1 is a concrete foundation which is cast on the ground or integrated with the shield model box 18; the supporting bracket 3 is fixedly connected with the equipment foundation 1; one end of the angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder 5 is connected with the equipment foundation 1 through an angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder tail rotating shaft 6, and the other end of the angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder is connected with the model shield machine track 8 through an angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder head rotating shaft 7, so that the angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder tail rotating shaft 6 and the angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder head rotating shaft 7 can rotate by taking the angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder tail rotating shaft 6 and the angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder head rotating shaft 7 as shafts; the model shield tunneling machine track 8 is connected with the support bracket 3 through the shield tunneling machine track rotating shaft 4 and can rotate by taking the shield tunneling machine track rotating shaft 4 as a shaft; the shield reaction plate slide rail 9 is fixedly connected with a model shield machine track 8; the shield reaction plate 10 is connected with the shield reaction plate slide rail 9 through a clamping groove, is fixedly connected with the reaction plate hydraulic oil cylinder 12, and can be pushed by the reaction plate hydraulic oil cylinder 12 to slide along the shield reaction plate slide rail 9; the baffle 11 is fixedly connected with the shield reaction plate 10; the reaction plate hydraulic oil cylinder 12 is fixedly connected with a reaction plate hydraulic oil cylinder fixing base 13; the reaction plate hydraulic oil cylinder fixing base 13 is fixedly connected with the model shield tunneling machine track 8; the model shield machine 14 is placed in a groove of the model shield machine track 8 and is tightly attached to the groove.
Further, the device also comprises an angle indicator 15, an angle indicating pointer 16 and scale marks 17; the angle indicator 15 is connected with the support bracket 3 through an adhesive; the angle indicating pointer 16 is connected with the model shield tunneling machine track 8 through an adhesive and penetrates through the angle indicator 15, so that the angle indicating pointer can normally point to a scale mark 17; the graduation marks 17 are printed on the angle indicator 15.
Furthermore, the supporting bracket 3 is connected with the equipment foundation 1 through a fixing bolt 2; the shield reaction plate slide rail 9 is connected with the model shield machine track 8 in a welding way; the shield is characterized in that the shield reaction plate 10 is connected with the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder 12 in a welding mode, the baffle is connected with the shield reaction plate in a welding mode, and the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder fixing base 13 is connected with the model shield machine track 8 in a welding mode.
Examples of continuous uninterrupted propulsion: in the shield launching project of the certain ground, a special earth pressure balance shield with phi 6380mm GPST is adopted for construction, the shield propulsion mode is continuous propulsion, and soil layer parameters obtained by project investigation are shown in table 2. In order to seek the balance between the construction quality and the economic benefit, the optimal shield launching angle is disclosed, and a series of ground access type shield launching model tests are developed. The traditional shield model test reaction frame cannot meet the requirement of ground access type shield model test starting, and the ground access type shield model test reaction frame device with continuous propelling capability and the operation method thereof can realize continuous ground access type shield starting model test.
The embodiment of the invention is as follows:
(a) According to the actual situation and site conditions of the ground entry shield launching project, the scale ratio is determined to be 1. In order to eliminate the influence of the boundary effect, a shield model box 18 with the length a =4000mm, the width b =2500mmm, the height of the starting side (the starting end of the shield propulsion axis) of the shield model box of 1400mm and the height of the terminal side (the finishing end of the shield propulsion axis) of the shield model box of 2200mm is selected, and the starting side of the bottom plate of the shield model box 18 extends out 1500mm from the starting side in the length direction to be used as the equipment foundation 1 of the device. The height of the support bracket 3 is the same as the height of the originating side of the shield model box.
(b) And laying soil. According to the test scheme, the height of the starting side of the soil body 18 is 1300mm and the height of the terminal side is 1800mm, so that the soil body is in a slope shape at the starting side of the shield model box, the slope foot is close to the starting side, the slope top is close to the terminal side, and the shield propulsion axis passes through the slope of the soil body. Firstly, soil is paved according to the calculated height of the soil on the end point side, the soil layer distribution is shown in table 3, and soil samples are all taken from the engineering construction site. As shown in the figure, when the soil body is arranged, soil pressure boxes are arranged on two sides of a predicted propulsion axis, and displacement sensors are arranged on the upper portion of the soil body and used for measuring changes of internal stress and displacement of the soil body in the test process.
(c) The soil mass originating side grade was treated according to the test protocol shown in table 4. And excavating the soil body at the starting side to the height of the soil body starting side obtained by calculation to form a soil body slope with a slope toe close to the starting side, a slope top close to the terminal side and a slope gradient consistent with the test scheme.
(d) According to the requirements of a ground-in shield model test, a support bracket 3 and a tail rotating shaft 6 of an angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder are fixed on an equipment foundation (ground) 1 on one side of a shield model box by a fixing bolt 2, so that the equipment is connected with the ground.
(e) An angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder 5 is installed, and the angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder 5 is connected with an equipment foundation (ground) 1 through a rotating shaft 6 at the tail part of the angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder.
(f) And installing a model shield machine track 8, wherein the model shield machine track 8 is connected with the supporting bracket 3 through a shield machine track rotating shaft 4 and is connected with an angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder 5 through an angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder tail rotating shaft 6.
(g) The oil pressure in the counter-force plate hydraulic oil cylinder 12 is released, and the shield counter-force plate 10 retracts along the shield counter-force plate slide rail 9.
(h) And when the shield reaction plate 10 retracts to the tail part of the shield reaction plate slide rail 9, closing the reaction plate hydraulic oil cylinder 12, and stopping the shield reaction plate 10 from moving.
(i) And installing a model shield machine 14 on the model shield machine track 8, so that the tail part of the model shield machine is tightly attached to the shield reaction plate 10.
(j) And installing a baffle 11 to keep the angle of the model shield tunneling machine 14 stable.
(k) And starting the angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder 5, starting the model shield machine track 8 to rotate around the shield machine track rotating shaft 4, and observing the angle indicator 15.
(l) And when the angle indicating pointer 16 is about to point to the current experimental set angle, reducing the oil pressure increment of the angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder 5 to enable the model shield tunneling machine track 8 to rotate slowly.
(m) immediately closing the angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder 5 until the angle indicating pointer 16 points to the angle set in the current test, and stopping the model shield machine track 8 from rotating.
(n) starting the model shield tunneling machine 14, starting a cutter head at the front end of the model shield tunneling machine 14 to cut soil, starting the counter-force plate hydraulic oil cylinder 12 to provide continuous thrust for the model shield tunneling machine 14, and enabling the model shield tunneling machine 14 to continuously enter the soil.
(o) when most of the model shield machine 14 enters the soil body, the soil body has sufficient supporting force to the model shield machine 14 to keep the angle of the model shield machine, the baffle 11 is disassembled, and the shield machine continues to be propelled.
(p) when the hydraulic oil cylinder 12 of the reaction plate reaches the stroke, the shield reaction plate 10 moves to the front end of the model shield machine track 8, the model shield machine 14 enters the soil body completely, and the model shield machine 14 is closed.
(q) recording each item of data of the test, and finishing a test period.
(r) repeating the steps (b) - (q) according to the test scheme, completing all tests described in the table 4, analyzing and summarizing test data, concluding the schemes that the stress and the settlement meet the construction quality requirements, carrying out economic evaluation on the schemes, and finally revealing the optimal shield launching angle to guide the design and construction of the tunnel.
The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concepts, which are intended for purposes of illustration only. The scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the particular forms set forth in the examples, but rather as being defined by the claims and the equivalents thereof which can occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the present inventive concept.
Claims (4)
1. An operation method of a ground-access shield model test reaction frame device with continuous propelling capability is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(a) Determining a reduced scale and a test scheme according to the actual situation and site conditions of the ground access type shield launching project, and selecting a shield model box and a model shield machine which meet the test requirements;
(b) Laying a soil body: calculating the height of an originating side and a terminal side of a soil body according to a test scheme, so that the soil body is in a slope shape at the originating side of a shield model box, a slope toe is close to the originating side, a slope top is close to the terminal side, a shield propulsion axis passes through the slope of the soil body, a soil sample is taken from an engineering construction site, soil pressure boxes are arranged at two sides of the predicted propulsion axis while the soil body is laid, and a displacement sensor is arranged at the upper part of the soil body and used for measuring the change of the internal stress and the displacement of the soil body in the test process;
(c) Processing the slope of the starting side of the soil body according to the test scheme, excavating the soil body of the starting side to the height of the starting side of the soil body obtained by calculation, and forming a soil body slope with a slope toe close to the starting side, a slope top close to the terminal side and a slope consistent with the test scheme;
(d) According to the requirements of a ground in-out type shield model test, fixing a support bracket and a tail rotating shaft of an angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder on the equipment foundation on one side of a shield model box by using a fixing bolt to complete the connection between the equipment and the ground;
(e) An angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder is installed and is connected with the equipment foundation through a rotating shaft at the tail part of the angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder;
(f) Installing a model shield tunneling machine track, wherein the model shield tunneling machine track is connected with a support bracket through a shield tunneling machine track rotating shaft and is connected with an angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder through an angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder head rotating shaft;
(g) Releasing the oil pressure in the hydraulic oil cylinder of the reaction plate, and retracting the shield reaction plate along the shield reaction plate slide rail at the moment;
(h) When the shield reaction plate retracts to the tail part of the shield reaction plate slide rail, the hydraulic oil cylinder of the reaction plate is closed,
stopping the shield reaction plate;
(i) Installing a model shield machine on a model shield machine track to enable the tail part of the model shield machine to be tightly attached to a shield reaction plate;
(j) Installing a baffle to keep the angle of the model shield tunneling machine stable;
(k) Starting the angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder, enabling the model shield tunneling machine track to start rotating around a shield tunneling machine track rotating shaft, and observing the angle indicator;
(l) When the angle indicating pointer is about to point to the current test set angle, reducing the oil pressure increment of the angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder to enable the model shield machine track to rotate slowly;
(m) immediately closing the angle adjusting hydraulic oil cylinder until the angle indicating pointer points to the current experimental set angle, and stopping the rotation of the model shield machine track;
(n) starting the model shield tunneling machine, and cutting soil by a cutter head at the front end of the model shield tunneling machine; according to the requirements of the test scheme, if the test scheme is a cyclic construction test scheme of propulsion, jack retraction and re-propulsion, starting a jack at the shield tail of the model shield machine to provide thrust for the model shield machine; retracting the shield tail jack when the shield tail jack reaches the stroke each time, and simultaneously opening the reaction plate hydraulic oil cylinder to ensure that the shield reaction plate is always tightly attached to the jack at the tail part of the model shield machine; when the shield tail jack is completely retracted, the counter-force plate hydraulic oil cylinder is closed, the shield tail jack is started again to provide thrust, the model shield machine enters the soil body through the cyclic operation, if the test scheme is a test scheme of continuous and uninterrupted propulsion, the counter-force plate hydraulic oil cylinder is started to provide continuous thrust for the model shield machine, and the model shield machine continuously enters the soil body;
(o) when most of the model shield machine enters the soil body, the soil body has sufficient supporting force to the model shield machine to keep the angle of the model shield machine, the baffle is disassembled, and the shield machine continues to be propelled;
(p) when the hydraulic oil cylinder of the reaction plate reaches the stroke, the shield reaction plate moves to the front end of the track of the model shield machine, the model shield machine completely enters the soil body, and the model shield machine is closed;
(q) recording various data of the test, and finishing a test period;
and (r) repeating the steps (b) to (q) according to the test scheme, completing all tests, analyzing and summarizing test data, concluding the schemes that the stress and the settlement meet the construction quality requirements, carrying out economic evaluation on the schemes, and finally revealing the optimal shield launching angle to guide the design and construction of the tunnel.
2. The operating method according to claim 1, wherein the ground-in-out shield model test reaction frame device with continuous propulsion capability comprises an equipment foundation, a fixing bolt, a support bracket, a shield machine track rotating shaft, an angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder tail rotating shaft, an angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder head rotating shaft, a model shield machine track, a shield reaction plate sliding rail, a shield reaction plate, a baffle, a reaction plate hydraulic cylinder fixing base, a model shield machine, a shield model box and a soil body; the equipment foundation is a concrete foundation which is poured into a whole with the ground or the shield model box; the supporting bracket is fixedly connected with the equipment foundation; one end of the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder is connected with the equipment foundation through an angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder tail rotating shaft, and the other end of the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder is connected with the model shield tunneling machine track through an angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder head rotating shaft, so that the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder tail rotating shaft and the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder head rotating shaft can rotate by taking the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder tail rotating shaft and the angle adjusting hydraulic cylinder head rotating shaft as shafts; the model shield machine track is connected with the support bracket through a shield machine track rotating shaft and can rotate by taking the shield machine track rotating shaft as a shaft; the shield reaction plate slide rail is fixedly connected with a model shield machine track; the shield reaction plate is connected with the shield reaction plate slide rail through a clamping groove, and the shield reaction plate is fixedly connected with the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder and can be pushed by the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder to slide along the shield reaction plate slide rail; the baffle is fixedly connected with the shield reaction plate; the reaction plate hydraulic oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the reaction plate hydraulic oil cylinder fixing base; the fixed base of the hydraulic oil cylinder of the counterforce plate is fixedly connected with the model shield machine track; the model shield machine is placed in a groove of the model shield machine track and is tightly attached to the groove.
3. The operating method of claim 2, wherein the device further comprises an angle indicator, an angle indicating pointer, and a graduation mark; the angle indicator is connected with the supporting bracket through an adhesive; the angle indicating pointer is connected with the model shield tunneling machine track through an adhesive and penetrates through the angle indicator, so that the angle indicating pointer can normally point to the scale mark; the scale lines are printed on the angle indicator.
4. The operating method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the support bracket is connected to the equipment foundation by means of fixing bolts; the shield reaction plate slide rail is welded with the model shield machine track; the shield is characterized in that the shield reaction plate is connected with the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder in a welding mode, the baffle is connected with the shield reaction plate in a welding mode, and the reaction plate hydraulic cylinder fixing base is connected with the model shield machine track in a welding mode.
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