CN1129629C - Cyclosiloxane anion non-equilibrium ring-opening polymerization method - Google Patents
Cyclosiloxane anion non-equilibrium ring-opening polymerization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1129629C CN1129629C CN 99123985 CN99123985A CN1129629C CN 1129629 C CN1129629 C CN 1129629C CN 99123985 CN99123985 CN 99123985 CN 99123985 A CN99123985 A CN 99123985A CN 1129629 C CN1129629 C CN 1129629C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for the anion nonequilibrium ring-opening polymerization of cyclosiloxane, which comprises: polysiloxane is prepared from hexamethyldisilazanyllithium salt adopted as an initiating agent for initiating cyclosiloxane to carry out the anion nonequilibrium ring-opening polymerization of a matrix or a solution. The monomer conversion rate of the polysiloxane prepared with the method can reach 95 to 100%. The obtained high-purity polysiloxane is suitable for application in the fields, such as spaceflight, high-performance electronic products, etc., requiring high-purity silicon rubber.
Description
The present invention relates to the method that a kind of cyclosiloxane carries out the anion non-equilibrium ring-opening polymerization.
The anionic ring-opening polymerization of general cyclosiloxane is an initiator with potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, Tetramethylammonium hydroxide and tetrabutylammonium hydroxide phosphorus etc., and polyreaction is an equilibrium process, contains 14% siloxanes ring body in the polymerisate.The existence of balanced reaction not only makes the polymerisation conversion of raw material low (～86%), and for the field that needs high purity silicon rubber such as space with and high-performance electronic product silicon rubber, need carry out numerous and diverse operation and remove the siloxanes ring body and just can reach requirement.And the cyclic siloxane anion non-equilibrium polymerization can reduce or eliminate the balanced reaction in the cyclosiloxane polymerization process, and what make the monomer high conversion changes polysiloxane (＞95%) into.Therefore, to the research of the anion non-equilibrium ring-opening polymerization of cyclosiloxane, report to some extent successively since 1967 mainly is that research is that initiator causes cyclosiloxane and carries out anionic ring-opening polymerization with the lithium salts.Since lithium salts to anionic activity a little less than, do not interrupt the siloxane bond in the silica chain, thereby there is not balanced reaction in polymerization process.But the cyclic siloxane anion non-equilibrium polymeric research that lithium salts causes is mainly concentrated on active higher hexamethyl cyclotrisiloxane (D
3) monomeric polymerization, and at the lower octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D of the activity of the industrial extensive application of organosilicon
4) monomeric polymerization studies then seldom.
This laboratory is once caused cyclosiloxane with the lithium salts of six organic basic ring three silazane and is carried out anionic ring-opening polymerization and prepare star polysiloxane [Chinese patent, application number 98103244.3], but do not relate to lithium salts with the industrial hexamethyldisilazane that obtains easily as initiator, cause the method that cyclosiloxane carries out the anion non-equilibrium ring-opening polymerization.
The present invention has overcome in the prior art when preparing polysiloxane with equilibrium process, and monomer conversion is low, the defective of 14% siloxanes ring body is arranged in polymerisate, and a kind of lithium salts (MM with hexamethyldisilazane is provided
NL) be initiator, cause the method that the cyclosiloxane ring-opening polymerization prepares high monomer transformation efficiency, highly purified polysiloxane with non-equilibrium polymeric approach, particularly cause octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D
4) polymerization have good effect.
Cyclosiloxane ring-opening polymerization among the present invention step is in the following order carried out:
1. prepare MM
NLiThe lithium salts initiator
With MM
NHWith n-Butyl Lithium be in molar ratio: got MM at-60～30 ℃ of following stirring reaction 5-6 hours in 1: 1～1: 1.2
NLiLithium salts, removal of solvent under reduced pressure under the secluding air condition, is carried out thorough washing with normal hexane to the lithium salts that makes, and is neutral until elutant, removal of solvent under reduced pressure again, inflated with nitrogen is protected prepared lithium salts.
Above-mentioned MM
NLiThe lithium salts initiator has following structure:
2. cyclosiloxane anion non-equilibrium ring-opening polymerization:
Add above-mentioned MM in the cyclosiloxane monomer
NLiThe promotor of 2～10 times of molar weights of lithium salts initiator and above-mentioned initiator is carried out body or solution polymerization, and the mol ratio of monomer and initiator is: 10: 1～2000: 1,0 ℃～160 ℃ polyreactions 2～24 hours, obtain polymerisate.
Above-mentioned cyclosiloxane monomer comprises: hexamethyl cyclotrisiloxane (D
3), octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D
4), hexaphenyl cyclotrisiloxane (D
3 Ph), tetramethyl-tetrem thiazolinyl cyclotetrasiloxane (D
4 Vi), methyl trifluoro propyl cyclotrisiloxane (D
3 F) or above-mentioned monomeric mixture.
Used promotor comprises: tetrahydrofuran (THF), glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dme, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethyl formamide, hexamethylphosphorictriamide, crown ether, cave ether etc.
The solvent of above-mentioned solution polymerization comprises normal hexane, toluene, tetrahydrofuran (THF), glycol dimethyl ether etc.
3. functional group's end-blocking of polymkeric substance
The polymerisate of above-mentioned mass polymerization is with normal hexane or toluene dissolving, and adding and initiator equimolar amount or excessive end-capping reagent carry out end-blocking simultaneously.Then can directly add end-capping reagent for solution polymerization and carry out end-blocking, filter after the end capping, filtrate is removal of solvent under reduced pressure again, obtains the polysiloxane product.
Above-mentioned end-capping reagent can be: water, methyl iodide, trimethylchlorosilane, dimethyl vinyl chlorosilane and dimethyl amine alkyl chlorosilane etc.
Polysiloxane with method preparation of the present invention dissolves in organic solvent, and these solvents comprise: alkane, aromatic hydrocarbon, tetrahydrofuran (THF), chloroform.
Silicone monomers transformation efficiency with this method preparation can reach 95-100%; Polymerisate does not contain or only contains a spot of cyclosiloxane, and the highly purified polysiloxane of gained is suitable for using in the field that needs high purity silicon rubber, as space flight, high-performance electronic product scope.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: in there-necked flask, and logical N
2The deoxygenation dehumidifying.Add hexamethyl cyclotrisiloxane (D
3) 26g, MM
NLiLithium salts 0.01g, tetrahydrofuran (THF) 6ml, 70～80 ℃ of mechanical stirring polymerizations.Finish reaction after 6 hours.
29Si NMR detects D
3100% transforms.With the dissolving of 30ml toluene, carry out end-blocking with 0.5ml water.Filter removal of solvent under reduced pressure, polymkeric substance [η]=43.8ml/g.
Embodiment 2:
In there-necked flask, logical N
2The deoxygenation dehumidifying.Add D
3/ D
4(6%mol.D3) 15.3g, MM
NLiLithium salts 0.02g, 0.5ml exsiccant N, dinethylformamide are promotor, 100 ℃ of mechanical stirring polymerizations.Viscosity increases after 1 hour, after 4 hours
29Si NMR detects monomer conversion monomer conversion monomer 100% conversion after 95%, 24 hour after 78%, 11 hour.With the dissolving of 20ml toluene, carry out end-blocking with the 1.5ml methyl iodide.Filter removal of solvent under reduced pressure, polymkeric substance [η]=32.06ml/g.
Embodiment 3:
In there-necked flask, logical N
2The deoxygenation dehumidifying.Add D419.6g, MM
NLiLithium salts 0.02g, 0.5ml exsiccant dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a promotor, 100 ℃ of mechanical stirring polymerizations.Viscosity obviously increases after 2 hours, after 11 hours
29Si NMR detects monomer conversion and reaches 95%.With the dissolving of 20ml toluene, carry out end-blocking with the 1.5ml trimethylchlorosilane.Filter removal of solvent under reduced pressure, polymkeric substance [η]=82ml/g.
Embodiment 4:
In there-necked flask, logical N
2The deoxygenation dehumidifying.Add D
419.95g, MM
NLiLithium salts 0.08g, 0.5ml exsiccant diethylene glycol dimethyl ether is a promotor, 160 ℃ of mechanical stirring polymerizations.Viscosity obviously increases after 1 hour.After 15 hours
29Si NMR detects monomer conversion 100%.Polymkeric substance [η]=41.87ml/g.
Embodiment 5:
In there-necked flask, logical N
2The deoxygenation dehumidifying.Add D
417.4g, MM
NLiLithium salts 0.87g, 2ml exsiccant triethylene glycol dme is a promotor, 100 ℃ of mechanical stirring polymerizations.Viscosity increases after 2 hours, after 4 hours
29Monomer conversion reached 95% after Si NMR detection monomer conversion reached 91%, 10 hour.Add 20ml toluene dissolve polymer, 1.2ml dimethyl vinyl chlorosilane end-blocking, 25 ℃ were reacted 4 hours, filtered removal of solvent under reduced pressure.Polymkeric substance [η]=9.17ml/g.Embodiment 6:
In there-necked flask, logical N
2The deoxygenation dehumidifying.Add D
4 Vi6.89g, D
45.91g, MM
NLiLithium salts 0.1g, the 12-crown-4 crown ether of 0.5g is a promotor, 60 ℃ of induction stirring polymerizations 20 hours, is warming up to 100 ℃ of polymerizations 10 hours,
29Si NMR detects monomer conversion and reaches 100%.
Embodiment 7:
In there-necked flask, logical N
2The deoxygenation dehumidifying.Add D
3 Ph10.2g,, D33.8g MM
NLiLithium salts 0.05g, 0.1ml exsiccant hexamethylphosphorictriamide is a promotor, and the 30ml normal hexane 40-50 ℃ of induction stirring polymerization 20 hours, filters, and removal of solvent under reduced pressure obtains polymkeric substance.
Embodiment 8:
In there-necked flask, logical N
2The deoxygenation dehumidifying.Add D
3 F12g,, MM
NLiLithium salts 0.02g, 20ml exsiccant glycol dimethyl ether is promotor and solvent, 0 ℃ of mechanical stirring polymerization 2 hours, carries out end-blocking with the 1.0ml trimethylchlorosilane.Filter, removal of solvent under reduced pressure obtains polymkeric substance.
Embodiment 9:
In there-necked flask, logical N
2The deoxygenation dehumidifying.Add D
3/ D
4(1%mol.D3) 15.3g, MM
NLiLithium salts 0.02g, 0.5ml exsiccant dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a promotor, 100 ℃ of mechanical stirring polymerizations.Monomer conversion monomer 100% conversion after 95%, 24 hour after 11 hours.With the dissolving of 20ml toluene, carry out end-blocking with the 1.5ml methyl iodide.Filter, removal of solvent under reduced pressure obtains polymkeric substance.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of method of cyclosiloxane anion non-equilibrium ring-opening polymerization is characterized in that:
In the cyclosiloxane monomer, add hexamethyldisilazane lithium salts MM
NLiFor the promotor of initiator and 2～10 times of molar weights of initiator, carry out body or solution polymerization, the mol ratio of described monomer and initiator is: 10: 1～2000: 1,0 ℃～160 ℃ polyreactions 2～24 hours, obtain polymerisate.
2, a kind of cyclosiloxane according to claim 1 method of carrying out the anion non-equilibrium ring-opening polymerization is characterized in that the cyclosiloxane monomer is: hexamethyl cyclotrisiloxane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, hexaphenyl cyclotrisiloxane, tetramethyl-tetrem thiazolinyl cyclotetrasiloxane or methyl trifluoro propyl cyclotrisiloxane or above-mentioned monomeric mixture.
3, a kind of cyclosiloxane according to claim 1 method of carrying out the anion non-equilibrium ring-opening polymerization is characterized in that promotor being: tetrahydrofuran (THF), glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dme, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethyl formamide, hexamethylphosphorictriamide or crown ether.
4, a kind of cyclosiloxane according to claim 1 method of carrying out the anion non-equilibrium ring-opening polymerization is characterized in that for solution polymerization its solvent is: normal hexane, toluene, tetrahydrofuran (THF) or glycol dimethyl ether.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99123985 CN1129629C (en) | 1999-11-23 | 1999-11-23 | Cyclosiloxane anion non-equilibrium ring-opening polymerization method |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99123985 CN1129629C (en) | 1999-11-23 | 1999-11-23 | Cyclosiloxane anion non-equilibrium ring-opening polymerization method |
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| CN1129629C true CN1129629C (en) | 2003-12-03 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100506889C (en) * | 2006-01-23 | 2009-07-01 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Non-balanced preparation method for double functionally-terminated polysiloxane from cyclicsiloxane anion actuated by silanol dipotassium salt |
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| CN104072775B (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2017-01-25 | 王金明 | Preparation technique of medium/high-viscosity dimethyl silicone oil |
| CN104829838B (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2017-04-05 | 青岛科技大学 | A kind of preparation method of hydroxy-end capped poly- fluorosilicone |
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| CN112062966A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-12-11 | 西南科技大学 | Preparation method of high-electrostriction silicone rubber dielectric elastomer |
| CN111560119B (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2022-11-29 | 新元化学(山东)股份有限公司 | Preparation method of dimethyl diphenyl polysiloxane |
| CN114044905B (en) * | 2021-10-06 | 2023-01-06 | 复旦大学 | Preparation method of end-group functionalized polydimethylsiloxane |
| CN115286796B (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2023-08-25 | 青岛科技大学 | Cyclosiloxane anion ring-opening continuous polymerization process |
| CN116217933B (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2024-07-02 | 浙江开化合成材料有限公司 | Polymethylphenylsiloxane oligomer, preparation method and low-oil-separation heat-conducting silicone grease |
-
1999
- 1999-11-23 CN CN 99123985 patent/CN1129629C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100506889C (en) * | 2006-01-23 | 2009-07-01 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Non-balanced preparation method for double functionally-terminated polysiloxane from cyclicsiloxane anion actuated by silanol dipotassium salt |
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| CN1303879A (en) | 2001-07-18 |
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Assignee: Qiangli Chemical Co., Ltd., Huangshan City Assignor: Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Contract record no.: 2011340000373 Denomination of invention: Cyclosiloxane anion non-equilibrium ring-opening polymerization method Granted publication date: 20031203 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20010718 Record date: 20110830 |
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