CN112961707A - Fly ash furnace returning device, coal catalytic gasification system and fly ash furnace returning method - Google Patents
Fly ash furnace returning device, coal catalytic gasification system and fly ash furnace returning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112961707A CN112961707A CN202110195395.5A CN202110195395A CN112961707A CN 112961707 A CN112961707 A CN 112961707A CN 202110195395 A CN202110195395 A CN 202110195395A CN 112961707 A CN112961707 A CN 112961707A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1625—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with solids treatment
- C10J2300/1628—Ash post-treatment
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Abstract
The fly ash furnace returning device comprises a fly ash buffer tank and a fly ash oxygen nozzle, wherein the fly ash buffer tank is provided with a fly ash input port and a fly ash output port, the fly ash input port is used for feeding fly ash generated in the gasification furnace into the fly ash buffer tank, and the fly ash output port is communicated with the fly ash oxygen nozzle so as to feed the fly ash into the fly ash oxygen nozzle; the fly ash oxygen nozzle is arranged on the wall of the melting area of the gasification furnace and is used for spraying oxygen and fly ash into the melting area so as to enable the fly ash to generate combustion reaction in the melting area, thereby realizing the effective conversion of carbon in the fly ash and the effective solidification of a catalyst.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of coal catalytic gasification, in particular to a fly ash furnace returning device, a coal catalytic gasification system and a fly ash furnace returning method.
Background
The coal catalytic gasification refers to a process of generating high-concentration methane gas by reacting coal powder under the action of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal catalyst.
The gasification furnace has large amount of fine powder due to material preparation and reaction, and the fine powder does not completely participate in the reaction, so that the carbon content in the fly ash carried out by the product gas is high, the overall carbon conversion rate is low, and the catalyst is not effectively solidified due to the fact that the fly ash carries the catalyst, and the direct discharge can cause pollution to the environment.
Therefore, how to realize the efficient utilization of the fly ash and the effective solidification of the catalyst become problems to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the technical problem or at least partially solve the technical problem, the present disclosure provides a fly ash furnace returning device, a coal catalytic gasification system and a fly ash furnace returning method.
In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a fly ash furnace return device, comprising a fly ash buffer tank and a fly ash oxygen nozzle;
the fly ash buffer tank is provided with a fly ash input port and a fly ash output port, the fly ash input port is used for feeding fly ash generated in the gasification furnace into the fly ash buffer tank, and the fly ash output port is communicated with the fly ash oxygen nozzle so as to feed the fly ash into the fly ash oxygen nozzle;
the fly ash oxygen nozzle is arranged on the wall of the melting area of the gasification furnace and is used for spraying oxygen and fly ash into the melting area so as to enable the fly ash to generate combustion reaction in the melting area.
Optionally, the fly ash oxygen nozzle has an axial included angle and a radial included angle, so that the fly ash and oxygen ejected from the fly ash oxygen nozzle form a swirling fluid in the melting zone.
Optionally, the axial included angle ranges from 15 degrees to 30 degrees;
the radial included angle ranges from 15 degrees to 45 degrees.
Optionally, the number of the fly ash oxygen nozzles is at least two, and the at least two fly ash oxygen nozzles are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the melting zone.
Optionally, the fly ash oxygen nozzle comprises a central tube and an outer tube sleeved outside the central tube;
the inner cavity of the central tube is formed into a fly ash channel for the fly ash to enter, the annular space between the central tube and the outer tube is formed into an oxygen channel for the oxygen to enter, and the outlet of the central tube is formed with a fly ash oxygen mixing area communicated with the oxygen channel.
Optionally, the outlet end of the central tube is formed in a necking shape;
and/or, the inner diameter of the fly ash oxygen mixing area is gradually reduced in the direction from the inlet of the fly ash oxygen mixing area to the outlet of the fly ash oxygen mixing area.
Optionally, the fly ash furnace returning device further comprises a fly ash lock hopper and a fly ash distributor;
the fly ash lock hopper is connected with the fly ash input port so that fly ash generated in the gasification furnace enters the fly ash buffer tank through the fly ash lock hopper, and a first control valve is arranged between the fly ash lock hopper and the fly ash input port and is used for controlling the connection or disconnection between the fly ash lock hopper and the fly ash buffer tank;
the fly ash distributor is connected between the fly ash output port and the fly ash oxygen nozzle, and a second control valve is arranged between the fly ash output port and the fly ash distributor and is used for controlling the connection or disconnection between the fly ash buffer tank and the fly ash distributor.
In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides a coal catalytic gasification system comprising a gasification furnace and a fly ash return device as described above.
In a third aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for returning fly ash to a furnace by using the fly ash returning device, the method comprising:
introducing fly ash generated in a gasification furnace into a fly ash buffer tank;
introducing the fly ash in the fly ash buffer tank into a fly ash oxygen nozzle;
oxygen and fly ash are injected into a melting zone of the gasifier through a fly ash oxygen nozzle so that the fly ash undergoes a combustion reaction in the melting zone.
Optionally, the step of introducing the fly ash generated in the gasification furnace into the fly ash buffer tank comprises:
introducing fly ash generated in a gasification furnace into a fly ash lock hopper;
performing pressure relief treatment on the fly ash buffer tank to enable the pressure in the fly ash buffer tank to reach a first preset pressure so as to enable fly ash in the fly ash lock hopper to enter the fly ash buffer tank, wherein the first preset pressure is equal to the pressure in the fly ash lock hopper;
the step of introducing the fly ash in the fly ash buffer tank into a fly ash oxygen nozzle comprises the following steps:
pressurizing the fly ash buffer tank to enable the pressure in the fly ash buffer tank to reach a second preset pressure so as to enable the fly ash in the fly ash buffer tank to enter the fly ash distributor, wherein the second preset pressure is greater than the first preset pressure and is greater than the pressure in the fly ash distributor;
and introducing the fly ash in the fly ash distributor into a fly ash oxygen nozzle.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure has the following advantages:
the fly ash return device, the coal catalytic gasification system and the fly ash return method provided by the disclosure have the advantages that the fly ash buffer tank and the fly ash oxygen nozzle are arranged, the fly ash output port of the fly ash buffer tank is communicated with the fly ash oxygen nozzle, so that fly ash generated in the gasification furnace is conveyed to the fly ash oxygen nozzle through the fly ash buffer tank, the fly ash buffer tank can play a certain caching role on the fly ash, so that the fly ash is stably conveyed to the fly ash oxygen nozzle, and the operation stability of the whole fly ash return device is improved; the fly ash oxygen nozzle is arranged on the wall of the melting area of the gasification furnace, so that fly ash and oxygen can be directly sprayed into the melting area with high temperature through the fly ash oxygen nozzle, and the fly ash and the oxygen rapidly generate combustion reaction in the melting area with high temperature, thereby realizing effective conversion of carbon in the fly ash, and simultaneously, a catalyst in the fly ash can be solidified in the fly ash by ash slag in the melting area with high temperature to form a glass body, namely, the catalyst is sealed in the glass body, thereby realizing harmless treatment of the catalyst. That is, the present disclosure realizes effective solidification of the catalyst while realizing effective conversion of carbon in the fly ash, and avoids pollution to the environment caused by direct discharge of the fly ash containing the catalyst.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present disclosure, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a fly ash furnace returning device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a catalytic coal gasification system according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fly ash oxygen nozzle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a radial angle between a fly ash oxygen nozzle and a gasifier according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an axial angle between a fly ash oxygen nozzle and a gasifier according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a method for returning fly ash to a furnace according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Wherein, 10, returning fly ash to the furnace device; 1. a fly ash buffer tank; 11. a fly ash input port; 12. a fly ash outlet; 2. a fly ash oxygen nozzle; 21. a central tube; 211. a fly ash channel; 212. an outlet end; 22. an outer tube; 221. an oxygen channel; 23. a cooling tube; 231. a cooling medium inlet; 232. a cooling medium outlet; 20. a fly ash oxygen mixing zone; 3. a fly ash lock hopper; 4. a fly ash distributor; 51. a first control valve; 52. a second control valve; 6. a gasification furnace; 61. a gas discharge port; 62. a melting zone; 63. a slag discharge port; 7. a gas separation device; 71. a cyclone separator; 72. and (3) a filter.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure may be more clearly understood, aspects of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may be practiced in other ways than those described herein; it is to be understood that the embodiments disclosed in the specification are only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments.
The coal catalytic gasification refers to a process of generating high-concentration methane gas by reacting coal powder under the action of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal catalyst. The gasification furnace has large amount of fine powder due to material preparation and reaction, and the fine powder does not completely participate in the reaction, so that the carbon content in the fly ash carried out by the product gas is high, the overall carbon conversion rate is low, and the fly ash carries a catalyst, so that the environment is polluted by direct discharge, and the fly ash is difficult to treat.
Based on this, the present embodiment provides a fly ash furnace returning device, a coal catalytic gasification system, and a fly ash furnace returning method, so as to achieve effective conversion of carbon in fly ash, i.e., efficient utilization of fly ash, and simultaneously achieve effective solidification of a catalyst, i.e., harmless discharge of the catalyst. This is illustrated by the following specific examples:
example one
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a fly ash furnace return apparatus 10. The fly ash furnace returning device 10 comprises: a fly ash buffer tank 1 and a fly ash oxygen nozzle 2.
The fly ash buffer tank 1 is provided with a fly ash input port 11 and a fly ash output port 12, and the fly ash input port 11 is used for feeding fly ash generated in the gasification furnace 6 into the fly ash buffer tank 1. Specifically, the fly ash input port 11 communicates with the gas discharge port 61 of the gasification furnace 6, so that fly ash in the gas discharged from the gas discharge port 61 enters the fly ash surge tank 1.
The gasification furnace 6 is specifically used for catalytic gasification of pulverized coal, and in this embodiment, the gasification furnace 6 can be specifically a fluidized bed gasification furnace, and the fluidized bed gasification furnace is in full contact with the pulverized coal in the reaction raw material gas in the gasification process, so that the gasification furnace has the advantages of uniform gasification temperature and high gasification efficiency. The pulverized coal reacts in the gasification furnace 6, and the gas generated by the reaction is discharged through the gas discharge port 61 of the gasification furnace 6. Since the gasification furnace 6 has a large amount of fine powder due to the material preparation and reaction, the fine powder does not completely participate in the reaction and is carried out together with the product gas, that is, the product gas contains fly ash.
Wherein, the fly ash outlet 12 of the fly ash buffer tank 1 is communicated with the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2, so that the fly ash enters the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2. Specifically, the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2 is disposed on a wall of the melting zone 62 of the gasification furnace 6, and the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2 is used to inject oxygen and fly ash into the melting zone 62 so that the fly ash undergoes a combustion reaction in the melting zone 62.
It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the melting zone 62 of the gasification furnace 6 is a high temperature zone, and after the fly ash and the oxygen enter the high temperature melting zone 62, the fly ash and the oxygen can rapidly undergo a combustion reaction in the melting zone 62, so as to achieve effective conversion of carbon in the fly ash. Specifically, since slag is formed in the melting zone 62 of the gasification furnace 6, the catalyst in the fly ash is solidified in the slag, and the slag containing the catalyst is finally formed into a glass body and discharged from the slag discharge port 63 of the melting zone 62 to the outside of the gasification furnace 6. It can be understood that the glass body can seal harmful substances such as a catalyst and the like, thereby realizing harmless emission.
The fly ash furnace returning device 10 provided by the embodiment is provided with the fly ash buffer tank 1 and the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2, and the fly ash output port 12 of the fly ash buffer tank 1 is communicated with the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2, so that fly ash generated in a gasification furnace is conveyed to the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2 through the fly ash buffer tank 1, the fly ash buffer tank 1 can play a certain caching role on the fly ash, so that the fly ash is stably conveyed to the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2, and the running stability of the whole fly ash furnace returning device is improved; because the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2 is arranged on the wall of the melting zone 62 of the gasification furnace 6, the fly ash and oxygen can be directly injected into the high-temperature melting zone 62 through the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2, so that the fly ash and the oxygen rapidly generate combustion reaction in the high-temperature melting zone 62, thereby realizing effective conversion of carbon in the fly ash, and simultaneously, the catalyst in the fly ash can be solidified in the high-temperature melting zone 62 by ash slag to form a vitreous body, namely, the catalyst is sealed in the vitreous body, thereby realizing harmless treatment of the catalyst. That is, the present disclosure realizes effective solidification of the catalyst while realizing effective conversion of carbon in the fly ash, and avoids pollution to the environment caused by direct discharge of the fly ash containing the catalyst.
Compared with the scheme that the fly ash is combusted through another furnace to realize carbon conversion, and the generated gas is sent back to the gasification furnace, the furnace returning process of the embodiment is simpler, and the generated gas does not need to be sent back to the gasification furnace because the carbon conversion process is carried out in the gasification furnace.
Compared with the scheme of delivering the fly ash to the gasification area of the gasification furnace again for reaction to realize carbon conversion, the technical scheme of the embodiment has the advantages that the reaction rate is not high due to the fact that the temperature of the gasification area is limited and is lower than that of the melting area, and if the fly ash is delivered to the gasification area for reaction, the fly ash can be rapidly carried out of the gasification furnace by air flow after entering the furnace, so that the fly ash is ineffective in circulation.
In some embodiments, the fly ash return apparatus 10 further comprises a fly ash lock hopper 3 and a fly ash distributor 4. The fly ash lock bucket 3 is connected with the fly ash input port 11 so that fly ash generated in the gasification furnace 6 enters the fly ash buffer tank 1 through the fly ash lock bucket 3, a first control valve 51 is arranged between the fly ash lock bucket 3 and the fly ash input port 11, and the first control valve 51 is used for controlling the connection or disconnection between the fly ash lock bucket 3 and the fly ash buffer tank 1. That is, the fly ash is received by the fly ash lock hopper 3, and when the first control valve 51 is opened, the gas discharge port 61, the fly ash lock hopper 3, and the fly ash surge tank 1 are communicated in sequence.
The fly ash distributor 4 is connected between the fly ash output port 12 and the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2, a second control valve 52 is arranged between the fly ash output port 12 and the fly ash distributor 4, and the second control valve 52 is used for controlling the connection or disconnection between the fly ash buffer tank 1 and the fly ash distributor 4. That is, when the second control valve 52 is opened, the fly ash buffer tank 1, the fly ash distributor 4, and the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2 are communicated in sequence.
During the concrete realization, in order to guarantee that the flying ash material is stably transported and the operating efficiency of whole device, through carrying out the pressure release to flying ash buffer tank 1, make the pressure of flying ash buffer tank 1 reach first preset pressure to receive the flying ash from flying ash lock fill 3 in. Wherein the first preset pressure is consistent with the pressure in the fly ash lock hopper 3. Wherein the pressure in the fly ash lock hopper 3 is kept constant. The first preset pressure is adaptively set according to the pressure in the fly ash lock hopper 3. Because the fly ash particles are very fine, the bulk density is very small, and the fluidity is poor, in order to prevent the fly ash from being transported unsmoothly due to static accumulation, the fly ash buffer tank 1 is pressurized to enable the pressure in the fly ash buffer tank 1 to reach a second preset pressure, the second preset pressure is greater than the first preset pressure and is greater than the pressure in the fly ash distributor 4, for example, the second preset pressure is 0.15-0.5 MPa higher than the pressure in the fly ash distributor 4, and the fly ash is ensured to be stably transported from the fly ash buffer tank 1 to the fly ash distributor 4 through a certain transport pressure difference. Wherein the pressure in the fly ash distributor 4 is kept constant, and exemplarily, the pressure in the fly ash distributor 4 is 0.15MPa to 0.5MPa higher than the high temperature melting region 62 of the gasification furnace 6, so as to smoothly convey the fly ash into the gasification furnace 6.
Wherein, open first control valve 51, make flying dust buffer tank 1 and flying dust lock fill 3 intercommunication, release flying dust buffer tank 1 pressure to first preset pressure, because the pressure of flying dust buffer tank 1 and flying dust lock fill 3 is unanimous, thereby make the stable transport of flying dust material to flying dust buffer tank 1 in. Then, the first control valve 51 is closed, the second control valve 52 is opened, the fly ash buffer tank 1 is communicated with the fly ash distributor 4, the fly ash buffer tank 1 is pressurized, the pressure of the fly ash buffer tank 1 reaches a second preset pressure, and the fly ash is ensured to be smoothly conveyed to the fly ash distributor 4.
The hot fly ash has good pore-enlarging effect on the fly ash through one-time pressure relief and one-time pressure charging process, and is beneficial to further dispersing and activating the catalyst in the fly ash. Meanwhile, the catalyst in the fly ash promotes the reaming and activating process, greatly improves the reaction activity of the fly ash, ensures that the fly ash is fully and quickly reacted with oxygen after returning to a furnace, promotes the complete conversion of residual carbon and the solidification of the catalyst, and effectively solves the problem that the fly ash is difficult to treat.
In concrete implementation, a gas separation device 7 is connected between the gas discharge port 61 of the gasification furnace 6 and the fly ash return device 10. The gas separation device 7 has a gas inlet communicating with the gas discharge port 61 and a fly ash discharge port communicating with the fly ash surge tank 1, and the gas separation device 7 is for separating the gas discharged from the gas discharge port 61 to separate the fly ash.
Referring to fig. 2, the gas separation device 7 specifically includes: the inlet of the cyclone 71 is communicated with the gas discharge port 61, the fly ash discharge port of the cyclone 71 is communicated with the fly ash furnace returning device 10, the gas outlet of the cyclone 71 is communicated with the inlet of the filter 72, and the fly ash discharge port of the filter 72 is communicated with the fly ash furnace returning device 10. The cyclone 71 is used for performing first separation on the gas discharged from the gas discharge port 61, the separated fly ash enters the fly ash furnace returning device 10 through the fly ash outlet of the cyclone 71, the separated gas enters the filter 72, the filter 72 is used for performing second separation and filtration on the gas entering the filter, and the filtered ash is entered into the fly ash furnace returning device 10. It will be appreciated that the inlet of the cyclonic separator 71 is formed as a gas inlet to the gas separating apparatus 7. A fly ash discharge port of the cyclone 71 and a fly ash discharge port of the filter 72 are formed as a fly ash discharge port of the gas separation device 7. The separation is performed twice by the cyclone 71 and the filter 72, so that the separation effect on the fly ash is better.
Wherein, through carrying out the pressure release processing to flying dust buffer tank 1, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing that the flying dust material is stably carried, can avoid the operating efficiency that draws pressure fluctuation to disturb cyclone 71.
Illustratively, the fly ash discharge port of the cyclone 71 and the fly ash discharge port of the filter 72 are in particular in communication with the fly ash lock hopper 3. Referring to fig. 2, two fly ash lock hoppers 3 may be provided, wherein one fly ash lock hopper 3 is connected to the cyclone 71, and the other fly ash lock hopper 3 is connected to the filter 72. The two fly ash lock hoppers 3 are both connected with the fly ash buffer tank 1. Specifically, a first control valve 51 may be disposed between each fly ash lock hopper 3 and the fly ash buffer tank 1. Of course, in other implementations, only one fly ash hopper 3 may be provided, and both the cyclone 71 and the filter 72 may be connected to the fly ash hopper 3.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, in this embodiment, the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2 has an axial included angle b and a radial included angle a, so that the fly ash and oxygen ejected from the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2 form a swirling flow in the melting zone 62, the arrangement increases the running path of the fly ash in the melting zone 62, promotes complete reaction of carbon in the fly ash, and the swirling flow forms a certain swirling disturbance to the slag layer in the melting zone 62, promotes temperature and reaction uniformity of the slag layer, ensures that all components in the slag fully react at high temperature (800-1200 ℃) to form molten slag with uniform components, and is beneficial to subsequent steady-state slag discharge. The catalyst is solidified in the liquid slag to achieve harmless treatment, and the resource utilization or harmless discharge of the molten slag is realized.
Here, referring to fig. 5, the axial included angle b of the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2 specifically refers to an included angle between a central axis of the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2 and a central axis of the gasification furnace 6. Referring to fig. 4, the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2 has an intersection between the central axis and the outer wall of the gasification furnace, and a radial cross section where the diameter of the gasification furnace passes through the intersection is taken as a reference plane: the radial included angle a of the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2 is an included angle between a projection of the central axis of the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2 on the reference plane and an extension line of the diameter passing through the intersection point.
Preferably, the axial included angle b can be set between 15 degrees and 30 degrees, and the radial included angle a can be set between 15 degrees and 45 degrees. The angle of the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2 is set in the range, so that the swirling flow effect formed by the fly ash and the oxygen in the melting zone 62 is better, the conversion efficiency of carbon in the fly ash and the disturbing effect of swirling flow fluid on a slag layer are further improved, and the curing effect on the catalyst is improved.
In this embodiment, at least two fly ash oxygen nozzles 2 may be provided, and at least two fly ash oxygen nozzles 2 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the melting zone 62, so as to improve the uniformity of the in-furnace flow field of the gasification furnace 6 and improve the uniformity and the sufficiency of the reaction. For example, referring to fig. 4 to 5, the number of the fly ash oxygen nozzles 2 is two, and the two fly ash oxygen nozzles 2 are symmetrically distributed.
Referring to fig. 3, the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2 specifically includes: a central tube 21 and an outer tube 22 fitted over the central tube 21. The inner cavity of the central tube 21 is formed as a fly ash passage 211 for fly ash to enter, the annular space between the central tube 21 and the outer tube 22 is formed as an oxygen passage 221 for oxygen to enter, and the outlet of the central tube 21 is formed with a fly ash oxygen mixing zone 20 communicated with the oxygen passage 221. That is, the fly ash and the oxygen are mixed in the fly ash and oxygen mixing area 20 and then enter the melting area 62 of the gasification furnace 6, so that the fly ash reaction is more sufficient.
The central axis of the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2 is the central axis of the central pipe 21.
Further, the outlet end 212 of the central tube 21 is formed in a tapered shape, so that the oxygen gas velocity can be increased, the better mixing effect of the oxygen and the fly ash can be promoted, and the full reaction of the fly ash and the oxygen can be facilitated. Wherein, in the direction from the entrance of the fly ash oxygen mixing area 20 to the exit of the fly ash oxygen mixing area 20, the inner diameter of the fly ash oxygen mixing area 20 is gradually reduced, so the arrangement mainly functions to improve the whole gas velocity of the mixed material of fly ash and oxygen, and the mixed material is injected into the melting area 62 of the gasification furnace 6 at high speed, which is beneficial to the dispersion of fly ash and oxygen in the furnace, and makes the reaction field and the temperature field more uniform.
Through setting up the structure and the installation angle of fly ash oxygen nozzle 2 as above, guaranteed on the one hand the abundant mixing of gas-solid, on the other hand increased the moving path of fly ash, promoted the complete conversion of carbon in the fly ash and the high temperature solidification of catalyst. Specifically, the fly ash and oxygen mixture enters a high-temperature combustion melting zone of the gasification furnace 6 through the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2, the fly ash and the oxygen are thoroughly mixed, a certain rotational flow fluid is formed, the movement path of the fly ash and the oxygen in the furnace is increased, and the complete reaction of fly ash carbon is promoted. Meanwhile, the high-speed rotational flow fluid disturbs the slag layer to a certain extent, so that the temperature of the slag layer and the uniformity of reaction are promoted, all components in the slag are ensured to fully react at the high temperature of 800 ℃ and 1200 ℃, and molten slag with uniform composition is formed, thereby being beneficial to subsequent steady-state slag discharge. The catalyst is solidified in the liquid slag to achieve harmless treatment, and the resource utilization or harmless discharge of the molten slag can be realized.
In order to protect the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2 and prevent the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2 from being damaged by ablation at high temperature, a cooling structure is arranged on the outer side of the outer pipe 22. Specifically, the cooling structure includes a cooling pipe 23 disposed outside the outer pipe 22 for containing a cooling medium. The cooling medium may be in particular a cooling liquid, such as cooling water, but also a cooling gas. The cooling pipe 23 may be provided with a cooling medium inlet 231 and a cooling medium outlet 232, and the cooling medium flows from the cooling medium inlet 231 toward the cooling medium outlet 232, so as to cool the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2, protect the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2 to a certain extent, and prevent the nozzle from being damaged by high-temperature ablation.
The fly ash furnace returning device of the embodiment realizes the effective utilization of fly ash and the effective solidification of catalyst, and improves the economy and environmental protection of the whole catalytic gasification process.
Example two
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment provides a coal catalytic gasification system, which includes a gasification furnace 6 and a fly ash return device 10.
The gasification furnace 6 is provided with a gas discharge port 61, the fly ash return device 10 is communicated with the gas discharge port 61, so that oxygen and fly ash in gas are sprayed into a high-temperature melting zone 62 of the gasification furnace 6 through the fly ash return device 10, the fly ash generates combustion reaction in the high-temperature melting zone 62, effective conversion of carbon in the fly ash is realized, effective solidification of a catalyst is realized, and the condition that the fly ash containing the catalyst is directly discharged into the environment to pollute the environment is avoided.
In concrete implementation, the coal catalytic gasification system further comprises a gas separation device 7, wherein the gas separation device 7 is provided with a gas inlet and a fly ash discharge port, the gas inlet is communicated with the gas discharge port 61, and the fly ash discharge port is communicated with the fly ash buffer tank 1. That is, the gas discharged from the gas discharge port 61 is first separated by the gas separation device 7, and the separated fly ash is sent to the fly ash return device 10, so that the energy consumption of the fly ash return device 10 is saved to some extent.
The fly ash furnace returning device 10 in this embodiment has the same structure as the fly ash furnace returning device 10 provided in the first embodiment, and can bring about the same or similar technical effects, and details are not repeated herein, and reference can be specifically made to the description of the first embodiment.
EXAMPLE III
The present embodiment also provides a method for returning fly ash to the furnace, which can be performed by part or all of the fly ash returning device 10 provided in the above embodiments, to achieve effective utilization of fly ash, effective conversion of carbon in fly ash, and effective solidification of catalyst.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the method includes:
s101, introducing the fly ash generated in the gasification furnace 6 into a fly ash buffer tank 1.
In specific implementation, the gas can be firstly conveyed to the gas separation device 7, and the gas is separated by the gas separation device 7 to obtain the fly ash through separation.
S102, the fly ash in the fly ash buffer tank 1 is introduced into a fly ash oxygen nozzle 2.
S103, injecting oxygen and the fly ash into the melting zone 62 of the gasification furnace 6 through the fly ash oxygen nozzle 2 so that the fly ash generates combustion reaction in the melting zone 62.
The step S101 may specifically include: the fly ash generated in the gasification furnace 6 is introduced into the fly ash lock hopper 3, and then the fly ash buffer tank 1 is decompressed to make the pressure in the fly ash buffer tank 1 reach a first preset pressure, so that the fly ash in the fly ash lock hopper 3 enters the fly ash buffer tank 1. Wherein the first predetermined pressure is equal to the pressure in the fly ash lock hopper 3.
The step S102 may specifically include: and pressurizing the fly ash buffer tank 1 to ensure that the pressure in the fly ash buffer tank 1 reaches a second preset pressure so as to ensure that the fly ash in the fly ash buffer tank 1 is introduced into the fly ash distributor 4. Wherein the second predetermined pressure is greater than the first predetermined pressure and greater than the pressure within the fly ash distributor 4. The fly ash in the fly ash distributor 4 is then passed to the fly ash oxygen nozzles 2.
The specific implementation manner and implementation principle of the method for returning fly ash to the furnace provided by this embodiment are the same as those of the above embodiments, and can bring about the same or similar technical effects, and specific reference may be made to the description of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and no further description is given here.
It is noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing are merely exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, which enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A fly ash furnace returning device is characterized by comprising a fly ash buffer tank (1) and a fly ash oxygen nozzle (2);
the fly ash buffer tank (1) is provided with a fly ash input port (11) and a fly ash output port (12), the fly ash input port (11) is used for enabling fly ash generated in a gasification furnace (6) to enter the fly ash buffer tank (1), and the fly ash output port (12) is communicated with the fly ash oxygen nozzle (2) so that the fly ash can enter the fly ash oxygen nozzle (2);
the fly ash oxygen nozzle (2) is arranged on the wall of a melting area (62) of the gasification furnace (6), and the fly ash oxygen nozzle (2) is used for spraying oxygen and the fly ash into the melting area (62) so that the fly ash generates a combustion reaction in the melting area (62).
2. A fly ash furnace return apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fly ash oxygen nozzles (2) have an axial angle and a radial angle such that the fly ash and the oxygen ejected by the fly ash oxygen nozzles (2) form a swirling flow in the melting zone (62).
3. A fly ash furnace return apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the included axial angle is in the range of 15 ° to 30 °;
the range of the radial included angle is 15-45 degrees.
4. A fly ash furnace return apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the number of the fly ash oxygen nozzles (2) is at least two, and at least two of the fly ash oxygen nozzles (2) are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the melting zone (62).
5. A fly ash furnace return apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fly ash oxygen nozzle (2) comprises a central pipe (21) and an outer pipe (22) fitted over the outside of the central pipe (21);
the inner cavity of the central tube (21) is formed into a fly ash channel (211) for the fly ash to enter, the annular space between the central tube (21) and the outer tube (22) is formed into an oxygen channel (221) for the oxygen to enter, and the outlet of the central tube (21) is formed with a fly ash oxygen mixing zone (20) communicated with the oxygen channel (221).
6. A fly ash furnace return apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the outlet end (212) of the central tube (21) is formed in a throat shape;
and/or the inner diameter of the fly ash oxygen mixing area (20) is gradually reduced in the direction from the inlet of the fly ash oxygen mixing area (20) to the outlet of the fly ash oxygen mixing area (20).
7. A fly ash furnace return apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the fly ash furnace return apparatus further comprises a fly ash lock hopper (3) and a fly ash distributor (4);
the fly ash lock hopper (2) is connected with the fly ash input port (11) so that fly ash generated in the gasification furnace (6) enters the fly ash buffer tank (1) through the fly ash lock hopper (2), a first control valve (51) is arranged between the fly ash lock hopper (2) and the fly ash input port (11), and the first control valve (51) is used for controlling the connection or disconnection between the fly ash lock hopper (2) and the fly ash buffer tank (1);
the fly ash distributor (4) is connected between the fly ash output port (12) and the fly ash oxygen nozzle (2), a second control valve (52) is arranged between the fly ash output port (12) and the fly ash distributor (4), and the second control valve (52) is used for controlling the connection or disconnection between the fly ash buffer tank (1) and the fly ash distributor (4).
8. A coal catalytic gasification system, comprising a gasification furnace (6) and a fly ash return device according to any of claims 1 to 7.
9. A method of returning fly ash to a furnace using the fly ash returning apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the method comprises:
introducing fly ash generated in a gasification furnace into a fly ash buffer tank;
introducing the fly ash in the fly ash buffer tank into the fly ash oxygen nozzle;
injecting oxygen and the fly ash into a melting zone of a gasifier through the fly ash oxygen nozzle to cause a combustion reaction of the fly ash in the melting zone.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of passing the fly ash produced in the gasifier into a fly ash surge tank comprises:
introducing fly ash generated in a gasification furnace into a fly ash lock hopper;
performing pressure relief treatment on a fly ash buffer tank to enable the pressure in the fly ash buffer tank to reach a first preset pressure so as to enable fly ash in a fly ash lock hopper to enter the fly ash buffer tank, wherein the first preset pressure is equal to the pressure in the fly ash lock hopper;
the step of introducing the fly ash in the fly ash buffer tank into the fly ash oxygen nozzle comprises the following steps:
pressurizing the fly ash buffer tank to enable the pressure in the fly ash buffer tank to reach a second preset pressure so as to enable fly ash in the fly ash buffer tank to enter a fly ash distributor, wherein the second preset pressure is greater than the first preset pressure and is greater than the pressure in the fly ash distributor;
and introducing the fly ash in the fly ash distributor into the fly ash oxygen nozzle.
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