CN112960965A - Method for utilizing industrial red mud waste powder - Google Patents
Method for utilizing industrial red mud waste powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN112960965A CN112960965A CN202110206118.XA CN202110206118A CN112960965A CN 112960965 A CN112960965 A CN 112960965A CN 202110206118 A CN202110206118 A CN 202110206118A CN 112960965 A CN112960965 A CN 112960965A
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for utilizing industrial red mud waste powder, belonging to the technical field of red mud ceramics. The method comprises the following steps: mixing the wet red mud blocks with water and then dispersing to form original red mud slurry; adjusting the pH value of the original red mud by adopting ammonium carboxylate to form the prepared red mud; standing to form cooked red mud; adding a foaming agent, a dispersing agent and an adhesive into the cooked red mud slurry to form red mud slurry; drying and spraying powder on the red mud slurry to obtain hollow powder; pre-sintering the hollow powder; mixing and stirring the prepared red mud slurry and the hollow powder, adding a lubricant, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain a molded powder; manufacturing a mould, and filling the formed powder into the mould to be pressed into a blank; and sintering the blank to form the red mud ceramic product. The red mud is used as a raw material of a ceramic product, so that waste utilization is realized, the pollution to the environment caused by the storage of the red mud is avoided, and the requirements of green and sustainable development are met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of red mud ceramics, and particularly relates to a utilization method of industrial red mud waste powder.
Background
Red mud, also known as red mud, is an industrial solid waste discharged from the extraction of alumina from bauxite. Generally, the iron oxide is contained in a large amount, and the appearance of the iron oxide is similar to that of red soil, so the iron oxide is named. But some are brown and even off-white in color due to less iron oxide. The red mud is an insoluble residue which can be divided into sintering process red mud, Bayer process red mud and combination process red mud, and the main component is SiO2、Al2O3、CaO、Fe2O3And the like.
With the development of aluminum industry and the reduction of bauxite grade, the red mud amount will be larger and larger, and the red mud is an alkaline substance, and with the showering of rainwater, alkali in the red mud can be dissolved out, which may pollute surface water and underground water, so the comprehensive utilization of the red mud is an increasingly important research subject and is paid more attention by scientific and technological workers in various countries. Since red mud has a small particle size and extremely poor adhesion, it is difficult to reuse such red mud in the prior art, and it has to be stored as waste. In order to avoid air pollution caused by red mud floating into the air, watering is needed, and a certain humidity is kept, so that the red mud is stored in a wet mud block mode. Therefore, the red mud produced in the aluminum ore production process occupies a storage space and consumes manpower and material resources.
A large amount of red mud cannot be fully and effectively utilized, and can only be stacked by a large-area yard, thereby occupying a large amount of land and causing serious pollution to the environment. The production of a large amount of red mud has caused direct and indirect influences on various aspects of production and life of human beings, so that the resource utilization of the red mud to the maximum extent is reluctant.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for utilizing industrial red mud waste powder, which is used for preparing red mud ceramic products from red mud produced in the production process of aluminum ores, so that the problems that the red mud occupies a storage space and consumes manpower and material resources are solved, the waste is utilized, and waste materials are changed into valuable materials.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a utilization method of industrial red mud waste powder comprises the following steps:
step 1: providing wet red mud blocks, mixing the wet red mud blocks with water, and dispersing to form dispersed original red mud;
step 2: adjusting the pH value of the original red mud by adopting ammonium carboxylate to form the prepared red mud;
and step 3: standing to enable the prepared red mud to react and ripen with ammonium carboxylate to form cooked red mud;
and 4, step 4: adding a foaming agent, a dispersing agent and an adhesive into the cooked red mud slurry for foaming to form red mud slurry;
and 5: drying and spraying powder on the red mud slurry to obtain hollow powder;
step 6: pre-sintering the hollow powder;
and 7: mixing the prepared red mud slurry obtained in the step 2 and the hollow powder obtained in the step 6, stirring, adding a lubricant in the stirring process, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain a molded powder;
and 8: manufacturing a mould according to the specification of a preset ceramic product;
and step 9: putting the formed powder into a mould, and pressing and forming to form a blank;
step 10: and sintering the blank to form the red mud ceramic product.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the wet red mud blocks to the water in the step 1 is (0.5-1): 1; the grain diameter of the wet red mud block powder is below 200 nanometers.
Preferably, the pH value of the original red mud slurry in the step 2 is 9-12, and the pH value of the prepared red mud slurry is 7.5-8.5.
Preferably, the step 3 specifically includes: standing the prepared red mud slurry in a sedimentation tank at normal temperature for 60-72h to ensure that the prepared red mud slurry is fully soaked with ammonium carboxylate to form cooked red mud slurry.
Preferably, in the step 4, the weight ratio of the foaming agent to the cooked red mud slurry is 0.1-0.5%, the weight ratio of the dispersing agent to the cooked red mud slurry is 1-3%, and the weight ratio of the adhesive to the cooked red mud slurry is 1-3%.
Preferably, the foaming agent is organic silicon, the dispersing agent is polyacrylamide, and the adhesive is polyvinyl alcohol.
Preferably, the temperature of the pre-sintering treatment in the step 6 is 700-750 ℃; the sintering temperature of the blank in the step 10 is 900-1000 ℃.
Preferably, the mixing ratio of the red mud prepared in the step 7 to the hollow powder is (1-2): (8-9).
Preferably, the lubricant in the step 7 is zinc stearate, the dosage ratio of the zinc stearate to the red mud concocting slurry to the hollow powder is (0.3-0.5): (1-2): (8-9).
Preferably, the water content after drying in the step 7 is 6% -8%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the method for utilizing the industrial red mud waste powder, the red mud ceramic product is prepared by carrying out a series of treatments on wet red mud blocks, so that the problem of space occupation for storing the red mud generated in the production process of aluminum ores is solved, and the waste of manpower and material resources caused by the storage is avoided; and the red mud originally used as waste is used as a raw material for producing the red mud ceramic product, so that the waste utilization is realized, the production cost is saved to a great extent, the pollution to the environment caused by the storage of the red mud can be avoided, and the era requirement of green and sustainable development is met.
2. The invention adopts the ammonium carboxylate to adjust the pH value of the original red mud, can increase the caking property of the red mud powder, and can improve the sintering activity of the red mud powder and the strength of the green body formed by the red mud powder in the subsequent process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the process flow of the red mud ceramic product of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination of technical solutions should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for utilizing industrial red mud waste powder comprises the following steps:
step 1: providing wet red mud blocks, mixing the wet red mud blocks with water, and dispersing to form dispersed original red mud; the weight ratio of the wet red mud blocks to the water is (0.5-1) to 1; the grain diameter of the wet red mud block powder is below 200 nanometers;
step 2: adjusting the pH value of the original red mud slurry with pH value of 9-12 by adopting ammonium carboxylate to ensure that the pH value of the original red mud slurry is 7.5-8.5 to form a prepared red mud slurry; the step can increase the caking property of the red mud powder, and can improve the sintering activity of the red mud powder and the strength of a blank formed by the red mud powder in the subsequent process;
and step 3: standing the prepared red mud slurry in a sedimentation tank at normal temperature for 60-72h to ensure that the prepared red mud slurry is fully soaked with ammonium carboxylate, and reacting and curing to form cooked red mud slurry;
and 4, step 4: adding a foaming agent, a dispersing agent and an adhesive into the cooked red mud slurry for foaming to form red mud slurry; the weight ratio of the foaming agent to the cooked red mud slurry is 0.1-0.5%, the weight ratio of the dispersing agent to the cooked red mud slurry is 1-3%, and the weight ratio of the adhesive to the cooked red mud slurry is 1-3%; preferably, the foaming agent is organic silicon, the dispersing agent is polyacrylamide, and the adhesive is polyvinyl alcohol;
and 5: drying and spraying powder on the red mud slurry to obtain hollow powder;
step 6: pre-sintering the hollow powder at 700-750 ℃;
and 7: mixing and stirring the prepared red mud slurry obtained in the step 2 and the hollow powder obtained in the step 6, adding a lubricant in the stirring process, uniformly stirring, and drying until the water content is 6-8% to obtain a molded powder; the lubricant is zinc stearate, and the dosage ratio of the prepared red mud slurry to the hollow powder is (0.3-0.5): (1-2): (8-9);
and 8: manufacturing a mould according to the specification of a preset ceramic product;
and step 9: putting the formed powder into a mould, and pressing and forming to form a blank;
step 10: sintering the blank body at 900-1000 deg.c to form the red mud ceramic product.
Example 1
A utilization method of industrial red mud waste powder comprises the following steps:
step 1: providing wet red mud blocks, mixing the wet red mud blocks with water, and dispersing to form dispersed original red mud; the weight ratio of the wet red mud blocks to the water is 1: 1; the grain diameter of the wet red mud block powder is below 200 nanometers;
step 2: adjusting the pH value of the original red mud slurry with pH value of 9-12 by adopting ammonium carboxylate to ensure that the pH value of the original red mud slurry is 8.5 to form a modulated red mud slurry; the step can increase the caking property of the red mud powder, and can improve the sintering activity of the red mud powder and the strength of a blank formed by the red mud powder in the subsequent process;
and step 3: standing the prepared red mud slurry in a sedimentation tank at normal temperature for 68 hours to ensure that the prepared red mud slurry is fully soaked with ammonium carboxylate, and reacting and curing to form cooked red mud slurry;
and 4, step 4: adding a foaming agent, a dispersing agent and an adhesive into the cooked red mud slurry for foaming to form red mud slurry; the weight ratio of the foaming agent to the cooked red mud slurry is 0.5 percent, the weight ratio of the dispersing agent to the cooked red mud slurry is 2 percent, and the weight ratio of the adhesive to the cooked red mud slurry is 1 percent; preferably, the foaming agent is organic silicon, the dispersing agent is polyacrylamide, and the adhesive is polyvinyl alcohol;
and 5: drying and spraying powder on the red mud slurry to obtain hollow powder;
step 6: pre-sintering the hollow powder at 700 ℃;
and 7: mixing the prepared red mud slurry obtained in the step 2 and the hollow powder obtained in the step 6, stirring, adding a lubricant, uniformly stirring, and drying until the water content is 6% to obtain a molded powder; the lubricant is zinc stearate, and the dosage ratio of the prepared red mud slurry to the hollow powder is 0.4: 1: 9;
and 8: manufacturing a mould according to the specification of a preset ceramic product;
and step 9: putting the formed powder into a mould, and pressing and forming to form a blank;
step 10: and sintering the blank body at 950 ℃ to form the red mud ceramic product.
Example 2
A utilization method of industrial red mud waste powder comprises the following steps:
step 1: providing wet red mud blocks, mixing the wet red mud blocks with water, and dispersing to form dispersed original red mud; the weight ratio of the wet red mud blocks to the water is 0.5: 1; the grain diameter of the wet red mud block powder is below 200 nanometers;
step 2: adjusting the pH value of the original red mud slurry with pH value of 9-12 by adopting ammonium carboxylate to ensure that the pH value of the original red mud slurry is 7.5 to form a modulated red mud slurry; the step can increase the caking property of the red mud powder, and can improve the sintering activity of the red mud powder and the strength of a blank formed by the red mud powder in the subsequent process;
and step 3: standing the prepared red mud slurry in a sedimentation tank at normal temperature for 72 hours to ensure that the prepared red mud slurry is fully soaked with ammonium carboxylate, and reacting and curing to form cooked red mud slurry;
and 4, step 4: adding a foaming agent, a dispersing agent and an adhesive into the cooked red mud slurry for foaming to form red mud slurry; the weight ratio of the foaming agent to the cooked red mud slurry is 0.1 percent, the weight ratio of the dispersing agent to the cooked red mud slurry is 3 percent, and the weight ratio of the adhesive to the cooked red mud slurry is 2 percent; preferably, the foaming agent is organic silicon, the dispersing agent is polyacrylamide, and the adhesive is polyvinyl alcohol;
and 5: drying and spraying powder on the red mud slurry to obtain hollow powder;
step 6: pre-sintering the hollow powder at 730 ℃;
and 7: mixing the prepared red mud slurry obtained in the step 2 and the hollow powder obtained in the step 6, stirring, adding a lubricant, uniformly stirring, and drying until the water content is 7% to obtain a molded powder; the lubricant is zinc stearate, and the dosage ratio of the prepared red mud slurry to the hollow powder is 0.5: 1.5: 8;
and 8: manufacturing a mould according to the specification of a preset ceramic product;
and step 9: putting the formed powder into a mould, and pressing and forming to form a blank;
step 10: and sintering the blank body at the sintering temperature of 1000 ℃ to form the red mud ceramic product.
Example 3
A utilization method of industrial red mud waste powder comprises the following steps:
step 1: providing wet red mud blocks, mixing the wet red mud blocks with water, and dispersing to form dispersed original red mud; the weight ratio of the wet red mud blocks to the water is 0.8: 1; the grain diameter of the wet red mud block powder is below 200 nanometers;
step 2: adjusting the pH value of the original red mud slurry with pH value of 9-12 by adopting ammonium carboxylate to make the pH value of the original red mud slurry be 8 to form a modulated red mud slurry; the step can increase the caking property of the red mud powder, and can improve the sintering activity of the red mud powder and the strength of a blank formed by the red mud powder in the subsequent process;
and step 3: standing the prepared red mud slurry in a sedimentation tank at normal temperature for 60 hours to ensure that the prepared red mud slurry is fully soaked with ammonium carboxylate, and reacting and curing to form cooked red mud slurry;
and 4, step 4: adding a foaming agent, a dispersing agent and an adhesive into the cooked red mud slurry for foaming to form red mud slurry; the weight ratio of the foaming agent to the cooked red mud slurry is 0.3 percent, the weight ratio of the dispersing agent to the cooked red mud slurry is 1 percent, and the weight ratio of the adhesive to the cooked red mud slurry is 3 percent; preferably, the foaming agent is organic silicon, the dispersing agent is polyacrylamide, and the adhesive is polyvinyl alcohol;
and 5: drying and spraying powder on the red mud slurry to obtain hollow powder;
step 6: pre-sintering the hollow powder at 750 ℃;
and 7: mixing the prepared red mud slurry obtained in the step 2 and the hollow powder obtained in the step 6, stirring, adding a lubricant, uniformly stirring, and drying until the water content is 8% to obtain a molded powder; the lubricant is zinc stearate, and the dosage ratio of the prepared red mud slurry to the hollow powder is 0.3: 2: 8.5;
and 8: manufacturing a mould according to the specification of a preset ceramic product;
and step 9: putting the formed powder into a mould, and pressing and forming to form a blank;
step 10: and sintering the blank body at 900 ℃ to form the red mud ceramic product.
In conclusion, the method for utilizing the industrial red mud waste powder provided by the invention is used for preparing the red mud ceramic product by carrying out a series of treatments on the wet red mud. The problem that the red mud generated in the production process of the aluminum ore occupies space during storage is solved, and the waste of manpower and material resources caused by the problem is avoided; meanwhile, the red mud originally used as waste is used as a raw material for producing red mud ceramic products, so that the waste utilization is realized, the production cost is saved to a great extent, the pollution to the environment caused by the storage of the red mud can be avoided, and the era requirement of green and sustainable development is met.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for utilizing the industrial red mud waste powder is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: providing wet red mud blocks, mixing the wet red mud blocks with water, and dispersing to form dispersed original red mud;
step 2: adjusting the pH value of the original red mud by adopting ammonium carboxylate to form the prepared red mud;
and step 3: standing to enable the prepared red mud to react and ripen with ammonium carboxylate to form cooked red mud;
and 4, step 4: adding a foaming agent, a dispersing agent and an adhesive into the cooked red mud slurry for foaming to form red mud slurry;
and 5: drying and spraying powder on the red mud slurry to obtain hollow powder;
step 6: pre-sintering the hollow powder;
and 7: mixing the prepared red mud slurry obtained in the step 2 and the hollow powder obtained in the step 6, stirring, adding a lubricant in the stirring process, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain a molded powder;
and 8: manufacturing a mould according to the specification of a preset ceramic product;
and step 9: putting the formed powder into a mould, and pressing and forming to form a blank;
step 10: and sintering the blank to form the red mud ceramic product.
2. The method for utilizing industrial red mud waste powder according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the wet red mud mass to the water in the step 1 is (0.5-1): 1; the grain diameter of the wet red mud block powder is below 200 nanometers.
3. The method for utilizing industrial red mud waste powder according to claim 2, wherein the pH value of the raw red mud slurry in the step 2 is 9 to 12, and the pH value of the prepared red mud slurry is 7.5 to 8.5.
4. The method for utilizing industrial red mud waste powder according to claim 3, wherein the step 3 specifically comprises: standing the prepared red mud slurry in a sedimentation tank at normal temperature for 60-72h to ensure that the prepared red mud slurry is fully soaked with ammonium carboxylate to form cooked red mud slurry.
5. The method for utilizing industrial red mud waste powder according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4, the weight ratio of the foaming agent to the cooked red mud slurry is 0.1-0.5%, the weight ratio of the dispersing agent to the cooked red mud slurry is 1-3%, and the weight ratio of the adhesive to the cooked red mud slurry is 1-3%.
6. The method for utilizing industrial red mud waste powder according to claim 5, wherein the foaming agent is organic silicon, the dispersing agent is polyacrylamide, and the adhesive is polyvinyl alcohol.
7. The method for utilizing industrial red mud waste powder according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the pre-sintering treatment in the step 6 is 700 ℃ to 750 ℃; the sintering temperature of the blank in the step 10 is 900-1000 ℃.
8. The method for utilizing industrial red mud waste powder according to claim 1, wherein the mixing ratio of the red mud slurry and the hollow powder prepared in step 7 is (1-2): (8-9).
9. The method for utilizing industrial red mud waste powder according to claim 8, wherein the lubricant in the step 7 is zinc stearate, the usage ratio of the prepared red mud slurry to the hollow powder is (0.3-0.5): (1-2): (8-9).
10. The method for utilizing industrial red mud waste powder according to claim 8, wherein the water content after drying in the step 7 is 6-8%.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN114620960A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-06-14 | 洛阳君江建材科技有限公司 | Method for preparing building material from red mud |
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Application publication date: 20210615 |