CN112958626A - Sheath suitable for rolling TiAl alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Sheath suitable for rolling TiAl alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
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- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/38—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets, pack rolling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B15/00—Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B47/00—Auxiliary arrangements, devices or methods in connection with rolling of multi-layer sheets of metal
- B21B47/04—Auxiliary arrangements, devices or methods in connection with rolling of multi-layer sheets of metal for separating layers after rolling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/38—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets, pack rolling
- B21B2001/383—Cladded or coated products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/38—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets, pack rolling
- B21B2001/386—Plates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B2003/001—Aluminium or its alloys
Abstract
The invention discloses a sheath suitable for rolling TiAl alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: selecting a high-temperature alloy as an outer layer sheath material, using a pure metal foil as an inner layer sheath, and tightly wrapping a blank with the pure metal foil, wherein the pure metal foil does not react with Ti; loading the blank wrapped by the pure metal foil into the high-temperature alloy outer sheath; and welding the high-temperature alloy outer sheath filled into the blank. According to the invention, the rolling sheath is designed in a mode of combining hardness and softness, so that the tolerance of the sheath is improved, the applicable temperature range of the sheath is expanded, and the use requirements under different process conditions are met; meanwhile, the inner layer foil can better increase the heat preservation and oxygen isolation effects of the sheath, and improve the lubricity of the blank surface, so that the success rate of preparing the TiAl alloy sheet is improved, and a high-quality large-size TiAl alloy sheet is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of intermetallic compound rolling, and particularly relates to a sheath suitable for rolling TiAl alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The use of light high-temperature structural materials to replace the traditional high-specific-gravity nickel-based high-temperature alloy is one of the important means for improving the performance of aerospace aircrafts. In the use temperature range of 700-900 ℃, the TiAl alloy is successfully applied to the preparation of low-pressure turbine blades of advanced aeroengines by virtue of the characteristics of low density, high specific strength, excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance, creep resistance and the like. In addition, the large-size TiAl alloy sheet has great application prospect in the fields of accurate guidance missile wings, thermal protection structures of ultra-high speed aircrafts, hot zone skins and the like. However, the TiAl alloy has large intrinsic brittleness, narrow hot processing window and poor hot forming capability, so that the preparation difficulty of a large-size sheet is extremely high, and the engineering application is severely restricted.
At present, methods such as powder metallurgy, foil metallurgy, isothermal rolling, sheath rolling and the like can be used for preparing TiAl alloy plates. However, the content of impurities such as O, N in TiAl alloy powder required by a powder metallurgy method is difficult to control, the preparation difficulty is high, the density of the prepared plate is low, and if a powder metallurgy plate blank is used for processing a thin plate, the machining cost is high, and the production efficiency is low. In addition, the foil metallurgy method needs to use a Ti foil and an Al foil with higher purity for rolling and compounding, but the method is difficult to control the alloy composition and the structural uniformity of the plate, relatively poor in mechanical property, complex in process and not beneficial to batch production. On the contrary, the isothermal rolling process is simple and the production efficiency is high. However, the rolling temperature of the TiAl alloy is higher (more than 1100 ℃), the requirements on a constant temperature rolling mill are extremely strict, and the production cost of the plate is greatly improved. In order to reduce the process difficulty and the equipment limitation, most production units adopt a sheath rolling mode to prepare the TiAl alloy sheet. Researches show that the sheath can limit the deformation of the sample and the damage of secondary tensile stress, and reduce the shear stress borne by the TiAl alloy cast ingot so as to achieve the aim of uniform deformation; air can be isolated to prevent oxidation; the heat loss of the blank can be reduced, a near isothermal environment is formed, and the rolling of the TiAl alloy can be realized on a common rolling mill. Therefore, the sheath rolling is a low-cost and high-efficiency preparation method of the TiAl alloy plate.
Because the TiAl alloy has narrow hot processing window and poor deformation capability, the wrapping rolling of the TiAl alloy generally adopts a multi-pass rolling mode of 'small deformation rolling + furnace returning and heat preservation' circulation at high temperature to realize the preparation of the sheet. In the process, the sheath needs to undergo multiple times of 'low temperature-high temperature-deformation-low temperature- … …' alternating environment changes, so that burning loss or cracking easily occurs, and the sheath cannot play a due role. Therefore, the reasonable sheath design is a key ring for rolling the TiAl alloy sheath. A literature survey shows that T.R.Li et Al (https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2019.138197) roll Ti-44Al-5Nb-1Mo-2V-0.2B alloy at 1250 ℃ in three passes from 5mm to 2mm (T.R.Li, G.H.Liu, M.Xu, B.X.Wang, H.Z.Niu, R.D.K.Misra, Z.D.Wang.Effect of hot-rolling process on micro structure, high-temperature tensile properties, and deformation properties in hot-rolled thin Ti-44Al-5Nb- (Mo, V, B) materials 2019, A.197) in a steel clad + antioxidant coating method. M.xu et Al, however, rolled Ti-44Al-3Nb-1Mo-1V-0.2Y alloy in multiple passes at 1080-1220 ℃ through a TC 4/steel composite sheath at a rolling rate of 0.06m/s to a sheet thickness of about 2.4mm (M.xu, G.H.Liu, T.R.Li, X.L.Zhang, Z.D.Wang.Rolling parameters, microstructure control, and mechanical properties of pore diameter Ti-44Al-3Nb- (Mo, V, Y) alloy: thermal of rolling diameter. interfaces 123(2020): 106817). From the above documents, it is readily found that jacket rolling is indeed an effective method for producing TiAl alloy sheets. However, these methods of jacket design have several limitations. Titanium (Ti) is chemically active and reacts with iron (Fe) at high temperatures, causing material contamination. Even if the insulating coating is added between the sheath and the blank, the compactness of the coating is reduced along with the increase of the surface area of the blank in the rolling process, and the Fe-Ti reaction is difficult to avoid. Moreover, the oxidation resistance and heat resistance of common carbon steel are weak, and a steel sheath is easy to ablate or oxidize in the rolling process, so that the lubricating effect is seriously reduced, the friction resistance between a roller and a blank is increased, the blank is unevenly deformed, and the structural uniformity and the mechanical property of a rolled plate are further poor. Moreover, the composite sheath has the problems that the thermal expansion coefficients of dissimilar materials are different, the deformability is different, gaps are easily generated at the welding seams and the edges of the sheath in the rolling process, and the like, so that the heat insulation capability of the sheath is weakened.
In addition, patent retrieval shows that the invention patent with the application number of 201911012898.3 discloses a TiAl alloy thermal-electric coupling non-sheath preparation method, wherein the rolling is carried out by adopting a method of combining pulse current assistance and hot roller near isothermal rolling, although the dislocation movement capability of a metal material can be promoted by pure electro-plastic effect in pulse current, the plastic deformation capability is improved, and an inert gas such as argon is used for forming a gas sheath to prevent oxidation, the method has complex process, needs a special rolling mill to realize and has overhigh cost. In the invention patents with the application numbers of 202010162659.2 and 201910065038.X, the inventor adopts carbon steel, stainless steel and the like to manufacture a TiAl alloy rolling sheath and carries out multi-pass rolling on the TiAl alloy at different temperatures. However, the steel has low deformation resistance at high temperature, which causes the edge sheath to crack in the rolling process, and the good ductility of the steel easily causes the width of the plate to be increased sharply, which is not beneficial to the implementation of the rolling process. Moreover, the TiAl alloy deforms at different temperatures, presents different structure characteristics due to the interaction of dynamic recrystallization and phase change, and meets different performance requirements. Due to different applicable temperatures of different types of steel, after the rolling temperature is changed, a proper sheath material needs to be determined through an exploratory experiment, which is labor-consuming and time-consuming. Preferably, the invention patent application No. 202010641941.9 utilizes heat-resistant 2520 stainless steel as the jacket material. However, the austenitic chromium nickel stainless steel is easy to generate intergranular corrosion during welding and separate out brittle sigma phase, so that a weldment is high in sensitivity to welding hot cracks, a sheath is easy to crack during rolling, and the capabilities of isolating air, creating a near-isothermal environment and coordinating deformation are lost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior sheath for rolling, the invention provides a sheath suitable for rolling various TiAl alloys and a preparation method thereof, the sheath material is selected by comprehensively considering the factors of oxidation resistance, high temperature resistance, weldability, high temperature deformation capability and the like, the sheath thickness is controlled, the surface of a blank is wrapped by pure metal foil to form an inner layer soft sheath, the rolling sheath is designed by combining the soft and hard materials, the tolerance of the sheath is improved, the applicable temperature range of the sheath is expanded, and the use requirements under different process conditions are met. Meanwhile, the inner layer foil can better increase the heat preservation and oxygen isolation effects of the sheath, and improve the lubricity of the blank surface, so that the success rate of preparing the TiAl alloy sheet is improved, and a high-quality large-size TiAl alloy sheet is obtained.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a sheath suitable for rolling TiAl alloy, which comprises a pure metal foil inner layer soft sheath and a high-temperature alloy outer layer hard sheath, wherein the pure metal foil inner layer soft sheath does not react with Ti.
As a further explanation of the invention, the thickness of the outer hard sheath is 40-65% of the blank thickness; the thickness of the inner layer soft sleeve is 0.2 mm.
As a further explanation of the invention, the material of the inner soft sheath is niobium foil or tantalum foil.
The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the sheath suitable for rolling the TiAl alloy, including the following steps:
As a further illustration of the invention, step 2, before wrapping the blank, applying a dense oxidation-resistant coating or solder-stop agent on the surface of the blank; and 3, before the blank wrapped by the pure metal foil is placed into the high-temperature alloy outer sheath, coating a solder-stop agent on the inner side of the high-temperature alloy outer sheath.
As a further explanation of the invention, in step 1, a vent hole is formed on the non-pressure side of the high-temperature alloy outer-layer sheath, and the vent hole can prevent the gas which cannot be discharged from the sheath from being subjected to thermal expansion and generate internal expansion pressure in the rolling process to risk the sheath being broken by expansion;
as a further explanation of the invention, step 3 further comprises the step of tightly filling a gap between the blank wrapped by the pure metal foil and the high-temperature alloy outer sheath with high-temperature asbestos so as to prevent the blank from sliding in the rolling process; the form of the high-temperature asbestos tight filling is particularly suitable for the condition that a gap is formed between the blank and an outer sheath due to the irregular shape of the blank;
as a further explanation of the invention, the thickness of the high-temperature alloy outer sheath is 40-65% of the blank thickness; the thickness of the pure metal foil is 0.2 mm.
As a further illustration of the invention, the pure metal foil is niobium foil or tantalum foil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the sheath provided by the invention is suitable for sheath rolling of various TiAl alloys under different process conditions. The high-temperature alloy outer sheath and the TiAl alloy do not react at high temperature, so that the Fe-Ti reaction risk in the conventional steel sheath is avoided, the use temperature of the high-temperature alloy can reach more than 1300 ℃, and is higher than that of the commonly used carbon steel and stainless steel sheath materials, the rolling requirement of the TiAl alloy in a hot processing window (1100-1300 ℃) can be met, the steel to be used is avoided being determined through a research experiment due to the change of temperature conditions, and the research cost is saved.
2. Although the invention adopts a soft-hard combined composite sheath form, the inner sheath is made of pure metal foil, the thickness of the inner sheath is far lower than that of the outer sheath, and the inner sheath can be well jointed with a blank. In addition, the thickness of the foil is too small, the thermal expansion effect at high temperature can be almost ignored, the adverse competitive effect of different materials in the existing composite sheath due to different thermal expansion coefficients and deformation capacities is avoided, and the reliability of the sheath in the using process is ensured.
3. The sheath provided by the invention can be used on a common rolling mill, so that the production cost is reduced. Compared with common steel, the used high-temperature alloy has more excellent oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance, and the phenomenon of sheath burning loss hardly occurs in the rolling process. Moreover, the high-temperature alloy has good weldability, can be sheathed and welded by using common argon arc welding, has good weld stability and is not easy to crack.
4. The high-temperature alloy selected by the invention has better deformation capability at high temperature, simultaneously, the deformation resistance of the high-temperature alloy is higher than that of common steel, and the ductility of the high-temperature alloy is lower than that of the steel, so that the situation that the width of the plate is sharply increased to block the implementation of the rolling process is avoided, the damage of the sheath for limiting the deformation and the secondary tensile stress of the sample can be better exerted, the shear stress borne by the TiAl alloy ingot is reduced, and the blank is coordinately deformed.
5. According to the invention, the Nb foil or the Ta foil is used for wrapping the blank, the foil has good ductility, can closely follow the blank to synchronously deform, and always wraps the blank. Even if the outer sheath is required to be provided with vent holes or is accidentally damaged, the secondary oxygen isolation effect can be achieved in the rolling process, the quality of the TiAl alloy plate is ensured, and the preparation of the TiAl alloy ultrathin plate is facilitated.
6. The pure metal foil used by the inner layer soft sheath can act as a good lubricant, so that the frictional resistance borne by the surface of the blank in the rolling process is reduced, the blank is promoted to be uniformly deformed, the tissue uniformity of the rolled plate is improved, and the mechanical property of the rolled plate is improved. In addition, the Nb or Ta element selected by the invention does not react with the TiAl alloy, has low diffusion rate in the TiAl alloy, is not easy to diffuse into the blank, and can be suitable for rolling in more passes and ensure the component purity of the plate.
7. The method has better use reliability and stability due to the advantages, is suitable for preparing the TiAl alloy plates with various sizes and thicknesses, improves the success rate and the production efficiency of preparing the TiAl alloy plates, avoids production waste caused by low success rate of preparing the plates, and reduces the average cost of mass production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sheath structure suitable for rolling TiAl alloy provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a pictorial representation (a) of a weld-on jacket object made in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3(a) is a diagram showing an object of a sheath after rolling a TiAl alloy by using a steel sheath, and (b) is a diagram showing an object of a plate after removing the steel sheath;
FIGS. 4(a) and (b) are a diagram of a jacket material and a plate material, respectively, after rolling a TiAl alloy by using the jacket provided by the present invention in example 1.
Description of reference numerals:
1. an outer hard sheath; 2. a vent hole; 3. coated blanks (consisting of 7, 8, 9, 10, 11); 4. the outer layer wraps the main body frame; 6. welding seams; 7. high temperature asbestos; 8. stopping welding flux; 9. an oxidation resistant coating; 10. an inner layer foil; 11. and (5) blank forming.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a detailed description of the present invention will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Example 1
The high-temperature alloy outer sheath material used in the embodiment is Inconel625 alloy with the thickness of 5mm, the inner layer foil is Ta foil, and the adopted TiAl alloy is an alloy (TNM alloy) with a nominal component of Ti-43.5Al-4Nb-1Mo-0.1B, wherein the component is atomic percent.
The specific processes of sheath preparation and TiAl alloy rolling are as follows:
Compared with the conditions of the damaged sheath after the steel sheath is rolled as shown in fig. 3(a) and the actual plate as shown in fig. 3(b), the sheath condition and the plate quality after the sheath used in the example 1 is rolled are better as shown in fig. 4(a) and (b). The sheath and the plate in the embodiment 1 are hardly bonded, the sheath is easy to remove, the TNM alloy plate with the thickness of 2.4mm is obtained, no chemical reaction trace is generated on the surface of the plate, no cracking phenomenon is generated, and the surface quality is good.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is: the inner foil used in this example was Nb foil, the thickness of the superalloy outer sheath was 4mm, the nominal composition of the TiAl alloy used was Ti-45Al-8.5Nb-0.2W-0.2B-0.02Y, the composition was in atomic ratio, and the rolling temperature was 1180 ℃. The process parameters and process steps were otherwise the same as in example 1. The TiAl alloy plate with the thickness of 2.5mm is prepared by the embodiment, the sheath is complete after rolling, no crack is generated on the surface and the edge of the plate, no chemical reaction is generated, and the quality is good.
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is: the outer sheath of the high-temperature alloy used in the embodiment is 7mm, the size of an original blank is 100 multiplied by 85 multiplied by 12mm, the rolling temperature is 1280 ℃, the rolling speed is 70mm/s, the single-pass deformation is 10-15%, and the rolling is carried out for 6-8 times. The process parameters and process steps were otherwise the same as in example 1. In the embodiment, the TiAl alloy plate with the thickness of 3.8mm is prepared, the sheath is complete after rolling, the surface flatness of the plate is good, and the plate has no crack defect.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A sheath suitable for rolling TiAl alloy is characterized in that: the high-temperature alloy high-temperature-resistant composite material comprises a pure metal foil inner layer soft sheath and a high-temperature alloy outer layer hard sheath, wherein the pure metal foil inner layer soft sheath does not react with Ti.
2. A capsule suitable for rolling of TiAl alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the outer hard sheath is 40% -65% of the blank thickness; the thickness of the inner layer soft sleeve is 0.2 mm.
3. A capsule suitable for rolling of TiAl alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner soft sheath is made of niobium foil or tantalum foil.
4. A method for preparing a sheath suitable for rolling of TiAl alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, manufacturing an outer-layer sheath: selecting high-temperature alloy as an outer sheath material, and determining the size of the outer sheath of the high-temperature alloy according to the size of a blank;
step 2, manufacturing an inner layer sheath: using a pure metal foil as an inner-layer sheath, and tightly wrapping a blank by using the pure metal foil, wherein the pure metal foil does not react with Ti;
step 3, sheath embedding: loading the blank wrapped by the pure metal foil into the high-temperature alloy outer sheath;
step 4, sheath welding: and welding the high-temperature alloy outer sheath filled into the blank.
5. The method for preparing a sheath suitable for rolling TiAl alloy according to claim 4, wherein: before the blank is wrapped in the step 2, a compact anti-oxidation coating or a welding stopping agent is coated on the surface of the blank; and 3, before the blank wrapped by the pure metal foil is placed into the high-temperature alloy outer sheath, coating a solder-stop agent on the inner side of the high-temperature alloy outer sheath.
6. The method for preparing a sheath suitable for rolling TiAl alloy according to claim 4, wherein: in the step 1, a vent hole is arranged on the non-pressure side of the high-temperature alloy outer sheath.
7. The method for preparing a sheath suitable for rolling TiAl alloy according to claim 4, wherein: and step 3, closely filling a gap between the blank wrapped by the pure metal foil and the high-temperature alloy outer sheath with high-temperature asbestos.
8. The method for preparing a sheath suitable for rolling TiAl alloy according to claim 4, wherein: the thickness of the high-temperature alloy outer sheath is 40-65% of the thickness of the blank; the thickness of the pure metal foil is 0.2 mm.
9. The method for preparing a sheath suitable for rolling TiAl alloy according to claim 4, wherein: the pure metal foil is niobium foil or tantalum foil.
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Cited By (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114247751A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-03-29 | 西北工业大学重庆科创中心 | Method suitable for preparing TNM alloy plate |
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