CN112957392A - Preparation for preventing and treating liver enterocytozoosis of prawns and shrimps as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Preparation for preventing and treating liver enterocytozoosis of prawns and shrimps as well as preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112957392A CN112957392A CN202110240755.9A CN202110240755A CN112957392A CN 112957392 A CN112957392 A CN 112957392A CN 202110240755 A CN202110240755 A CN 202110240755A CN 112957392 A CN112957392 A CN 112957392A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/53—Lamiaceae or Labiatae (Mint family), e.g. thyme, rosemary or lavender
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
- A61K33/06—Aluminium, calcium or magnesium; Compounds thereof, e.g. clay
- A61K33/12—Magnesium silicate
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/23—Apiaceae or Umbelliferae (Carrot family), e.g. dill, chervil, coriander or cumin
- A61K36/235—Foeniculum (fennel)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
- A61K9/141—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers
- A61K9/146—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers with organic macromolecular compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P33/00—Antiparasitic agents
- A61P33/02—Antiprotozoals, e.g. for leishmaniasis, trichomoniasis, toxoplasmosis
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation for preventing and treating liver enterocytozoosis of prawns and shrimps, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation comprises the following raw materials: rosemary oil, anise oil, talcum powder and auxiliary materials. The preparation comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3.0 to 3.5 percent of rosemary oil, 1.0 to 2.0 percent of fennel oil, 15.0 to 18.0 percent of talcum powder and 78.0 to 80.0 percent of auxiliary material. The talcum powder is feed grade talcum powder, and the auxiliary material is corn starch. The invention also provides a preparation method and application of the preparation. The preparation is added into prawn feed, and is mixed with 2-3g per kilogram of prawn feed for oral administration for 5-7 days. The compound preparation prepared by the invention is safe for target animals, can effectively inhibit the growth of the shrimp liver enterocytozoon and kill the shrimp liver enterocytozoon, and has the advantages of simple preparation process, convenient use, no toxicity and no risk of drug residue.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a compound preparation for preventing and treating litopenaeus vannamei enterohepatic cytozoosis and a preparation method and a use method thereof, in particular to a preparation for preventing and treating litopenaeus vannamei enterohepatic cytozoosis and a preparation method and a use thereof.
Background
The prawn belongs to the family of arthropoda, Crustacea, decapod and prawn, and is a delicious food deeply loved by people due to its delicious meat quality, abundant protein and high nutritive value. The prawns cultured in China mainly include litopenaeus vannamei, penaeus monodon, penaeus chinensis, penaeus japonicus and the like. The litopenaeus vannamei has strong adaptability to salinity and the like, can be cultured in both sea and fresh water, has relatively low requirement on feed protein, is the species with the largest scale and yield in the current litopenaeus vannamei culture in China, accounts for more than 70 percent of the total culture amount of the litopenaeus vannamei in China, has the culture yield of more than 160 million tons in China in recent years, and has become an important economic support industry for the aquaculture in China.
With the rapid development of intensive prawn culture, the current prawn culture in China faces increasingly serious diseases, such as white spot syndrome, infectious subcutaneous and hematopoietic tissue necrosis, acute hepatopancreatic necrosis, and steatosis. The newly discovered Enterocytozoon hepatocenai (Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei) in litopenaeus vannamei in recent years has gradually threatened the healthy development of the prawn breeding industry, and is initially detected for the first time in the slow-growing Penaeus monodon (Penaeus monodon); the growth of the prawns infected with the enterocytozoon hepatica is slowed down, the sizes of individuals of diseased ponds are different, the culture period, the feed return rate and the market price of the prawns are seriously influenced, and the large economic loss is caused to the breeding industry.
The shrimp enterohepatic cyst belongs to microsporidian, is a unicellular eukaryotic organism which exclusively parasitizes in cells, has the size of about 1 micron, and mainly parasitizes in hepatopancreas epithelial cells of prawns. Its parasitism can not only result in the growth of prawn slowly, but also can result in the occurrence of prawn white feces. When the prawn in a disease pond in a certain area is detected, the prawn enterocytozoon detection rate of the prawn with obviously slightly small individual and white feces production is almost 100 percent. Therefore, it is essential to effectively prevent and control the occurrence and transmission of shrimp liver enterocytozoon.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a compound preparation for preventing and treating the enterocytozoosis hepatica of prawns and a preparation method and application thereof, which can solve the existing problems and can effectively inhibit the growth of the enterocytozoosis hepatica and kill the enterocytozoosis hepatica.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a preparation for preventing and treating enterocytozoosis of prawns and shrimps, wherein the preparation consists of the following raw materials: rosemary oil, anise oil, talcum powder and auxiliary materials.
The preparation for preventing and treating the enterocytozoosis of the shrimps comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of rosemary oil, 1-3 parts of anise oil, 14-20 parts of talcum powder and 75-85 parts of auxiliary materials.
The preparation for preventing and treating the enterocytozoosis of the prawns and the shrimps comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3.0 to 3.5 percent of rosemary oil, 1.0 to 2.0 percent of fennel oil, 15.0 to 18.0 percent of talcum powder and 78.0 to 80.0 percent of auxiliary material.
The preparation for preventing and treating the enterocytozoosis of the prawns and the shrimps is characterized in that the talcum powder is feed-grade talcum powder, and the auxiliary material is corn starch.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the preparation for preventing and treating the enterocytozoosis hepatica of the prawns, wherein the method comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials in proportion, mixing rosemary oil and fennel oil, slowly adding feed-grade talcum powder while stirring to fully mix, then adding corn starch, continuously stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed, finally sealing and packaging, and storing in a cool place for later use.
The invention also provides application of the preparation prepared by the method, wherein the preparation is used for preventing and treating shrimp enterocytozoosis of litopenaeus vannamei.
The preparation is used by being added into prawn feed.
The preparation is added in an amount of 2-3g per kilogram of feed, is fed for 2-4 times per day, and is continuously used for 5-7 days.
The preparation for preventing and treating the enterocytozoosis of the shrimps and the preparation method and the application thereof provided by the invention have the following advantages:
the compound preparation provided by the invention is safe for target animals, and can effectively inhibit the growth of the shrimp liver enterocytozoon and kill the shrimp liver enterocytozoon; the Chinese medicinal composition has the characteristics of simple preparation process, reasonable formula design, convenient use, no toxicity, no risk of medicament residue and the like, is low in production cost and high in economic benefit, is suitable for large-scale industrial production and popularization and use, and makes up for the defects of the prior art.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention.
The invention provides a preparation for preventing and treating enterocytozoosis of shrimps, which comprises the following raw materials: rosemary oil, anise oil, talcum powder and auxiliary materials.
Preferably, the formulation comprises, in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of rosemary oil, 1-3 parts of anise oil, 14-20 parts of talcum powder and 75-85 parts of auxiliary materials.
The preparation comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3.0 to 3.5 percent of rosemary oil, 1.0 to 2.0 percent of fennel oil, 15.0 to 18.0 percent of talcum powder and 78.0 to 80.0 percent of auxiliary material.
The talcum powder is feed grade talcum powder, and the auxiliary material is corn starch.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the preparation for preventing and treating the enterocytozoosis of the shrimps, which comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials in proportion, mixing rosemary oil and fennel oil, slowly adding feed-grade talcum powder while stirring to fully mix, then adding corn starch, continuously stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed, finally sealing and packaging, and storing in a cool place for later use.
The invention also provides application of the preparation prepared by the method, and the preparation is used for preventing and treating the shrimp enterocytozoosis of litopenaeus vannamei.
Preferably, the preparation is added into prawn feed for use.
The preparation is mixed with feed and fed orally, with the addition of 2-3g per kg feed, and is fed for 2-4 times per day for 5-7 days.
The preparation for preventing and treating enterocytozoosis of prawn provided by the invention, the preparation method and the application thereof are further described by combining the embodiments.
Example 1
A preparation for preventing and treating liver enterocytozoosis of prawns and shrimps comprises the following raw materials: rosemary oil, anise oil, talcum powder and auxiliary materials.
Preferably, the formulation comprises, in mass percent: 3.0 percent of rosemary oil, 2.0 percent of fennel oil, 15.0 percent of talcum powder and 80.0 percent of auxiliary material.
The talcum powder is feed grade talcum powder, and the auxiliary material is corn starch.
All the raw materials respectively accord with the corresponding national standards.
Example 2
A preparation for preventing and treating liver enterocytozoosis of prawns and shrimps comprises the following raw materials: rosemary oil, anise oil, talcum powder and auxiliary materials.
Preferably, the formulation comprises, in mass percent: 3.5 percent of rosemary oil, 1.5 percent of fennel oil, 17.0 percent of talcum powder and 78.0 percent of auxiliary material.
The talcum powder is feed grade talcum powder, and the auxiliary material is corn starch.
All the raw materials respectively accord with the corresponding national standards.
Example 3
A preparation for preventing and treating liver enterocytozoosis of prawns and shrimps comprises the following raw materials: rosemary oil, anise oil, talcum powder and auxiliary materials.
Preferably, the formulation comprises, in mass percent: 3.0 percent of rosemary oil, 1.0 percent of fennel oil, 18.0 percent of talcum powder and 78.0 percent of auxiliary material.
The talcum powder is feed grade talcum powder, and the auxiliary material is corn starch.
All the raw materials respectively accord with the corresponding national standards.
Example 4
A preparation for preventing and treating liver enterocytozoosis of prawns and shrimps comprises the following raw materials: rosemary oil, anise oil, talcum powder and auxiliary materials.
Preferably, the formulation comprises, in parts by weight: 2 parts of rosemary oil, 1 part of fennel oil, 14 parts of talcum powder and 75 parts of auxiliary materials.
The talcum powder is feed grade talcum powder, and the auxiliary material is corn starch.
All the raw materials respectively accord with the corresponding national standards.
Example 5
A preparation for preventing and treating liver enterocytozoosis of prawns and shrimps comprises the following raw materials: rosemary oil, anise oil, talcum powder and auxiliary materials.
Preferably, the formulation comprises, in parts by weight: rosemary oil 4 parts, anise oil 3 parts, talcum powder 20 parts and auxiliary materials 85 parts.
The talcum powder is feed grade talcum powder, and the auxiliary material is corn starch.
All the raw materials respectively accord with the corresponding national standards.
Example 6
The raw materials are weighed according to the mass percentage of any one of the embodiments 1 to 3, and the preparation for preventing and treating the liver and intestine cytozoosis of the prawns is prepared.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials in proportion, mixing rosemary oil and fennel oil, slowly adding feed-grade talcum powder while stirring to fully mix, then adding corn starch, continuously stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed, finally sealing and packaging, and storing in a cool place for later use.
The prepared compound preparation is added into prawn feed containing fish meal, soybean meal, fish oil, compound vitamins and the like, and the addition amount is 2-3g per kilogram of prawn feed.
Selecting slow-growing prawns from the sick aquaculture pond, wherein the body length of the prawns is 3.5-4.5cm, randomly sampling 20 prawns, detecting and determining the prawns to be infected by the enterocytozoon hepatica.
The body of the sick prawn is 3.5-4.5cm in length and 60 tails (divided into 3 parallel groups, each group has 20 tails) are fed by the compound preparation feed added in the embodiment for 3 times every day, the feed feeding amount of each time is about 1.5 percent of the weight of the prawn, and the sick prawn is continuously fed for 7 days; meanwhile, the compound preparation feed without the embodiment is fed as a control group.
After continuously feeding the compound preparation feed for 7 days, randomly taking 3 prawns and 9 prawns in total for each parallel group, detecting the content of the hepatic enterocytozoon of the prawns in the hepatopancreas by adopting a fluorescence quantitative PCR method, wherein the content of the hepatic enterocytozoon of the prawns in the hepatopancreas of the prawns fed with the compound preparation feed is (3.8 +/-2.7) multiplied by 105copies/mg, significantly lower than control (2.7 + -2.1). times.106copies/mg。
Example 7
The raw materials are weighed according to the mass percentage of any one of the embodiments 1 to 3, and the preparation for preventing and treating the liver and intestine cytozoosis of the prawns is prepared.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials in proportion, mixing rosemary oil and fennel oil, slowly adding feed-grade talcum powder while stirring to fully mix, then adding corn starch, continuously stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed, finally sealing and packaging, and storing in a cool place for later use.
The compound preparation of the embodiment is added into prawn feed containing fish meal, soybean meal, fish oil, compound vitamins and the like, and the addition amount is 2-3g per kilogram of prawn feed.
Selecting slow-growing prawns from the sick aquaculture pond, wherein the body length of the prawns is 3.7-5.0cm, randomly sampling 20 prawns, detecting and determining the prawns to be infected by the enterocytozoon hepatica.
Feeding the sick prawns with the feed added with the compound preparation of the embodiment, wherein the body length of the feed is 3.7-5.0cm, the sick prawns have 60 tails (divided into 3 parallel groups, and 20 tails in each group), feeding the sick prawns 3 times a day, wherein the feeding amount of the feed is about 1.5 percent of the weight of the prawns each time, continuously feeding the sick prawns for 7 days, then feeding the feed without the compound preparation for 7 days, and then feeding the feed containing the plant essential oil compound preparation for 7 days; meanwhile, the compound preparation feed without the embodiment is fed as a control group.
After the compound preparation feed is fed for the last time, 3 prawns and 9 prawns in total are taken from each parallel group randomly, the content of the hepatic enterocytozoon of the prawns in the hepatopancreas is detected by adopting a fluorescence quantitative PCR method, and the content of the hepatic enterocytozoon of the prawns fed with the compound preparation feed in the hepatopancreas of the prawns is (7.7 +/-L)3.1)×104copies/mg, significantly lower than control (9.2 + -2.7). times.105copies/mg。
The invention provides a preparation for preventing and treating enterocytozoosis of shrimps, a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to a compound preparation for preventing and treating enterocytozoosis of shrimps of litopenaeus vannamei, and a preparation method and a use method of the compound preparation. The compound preparation is safe for target animals, can effectively inhibit the growth of the shrimp liver enterocytozoon and kill the shrimp liver enterocytozoon, and has the advantages of simple preparation process, convenient use, no toxicity and no risk of drug residue.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation for preventing and treating liver enterocytozoosis of prawns and shrimps is characterized by comprising the following raw materials:
rosemary oil, anise oil, talcum powder and auxiliary materials.
2. The preparation for preventing and treating the enterocytozoosis hepatica of the prawns according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of rosemary oil, 1-3 parts of anise oil, 14-20 parts of talcum powder and 75-85 parts of auxiliary materials.
3. The preparation for preventing and treating the enterocytozoosis hepatica of the prawns as claimed in claim 2, wherein the preparation comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3.0 to 3.5 percent of rosemary oil, 1.0 to 2.0 percent of fennel oil, 15.0 to 18.0 percent of talcum powder and 78.0 to 80.0 percent of auxiliary material.
4. The preparation for preventing and treating enterocytozoosis of prawns and shrimps as claimed in claim 3, wherein the talcum powder is feed grade talcum powder, and the auxiliary material is corn starch.
5. A preparation method of the preparation for preventing and treating the enterocytozoosis hepatica of the prawns according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: weighing the raw materials in proportion, mixing rosemary oil and fennel oil, slowly adding feed-grade talcum powder while stirring to fully mix, then adding corn starch, continuously stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed, finally sealing and packaging, and storing in a cool place for later use.
6. Use of a formulation prepared according to the method of claim 5 for the control of shrimp enterocytozoosis in litopenaeus vannamei.
7. The use of the formulation according to claim 6, wherein the formulation is added to prawn feed.
8. Use of the formulation according to claim 7, wherein the formulation is added in an amount of 2-3g per kg of feed, and is fed 2-4 times per day for 5-7 consecutive days.
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| CN202110240755.9A CN112957392B (en) | 2021-03-04 | 2021-03-04 | Preparation for preventing and treating liver enterocytozoosis of prawns and shrimps as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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