CN112956592A - Preparation method of biological protein feed - Google Patents
Preparation method of biological protein feed Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/14—Pretreatment of feeding-stuffs with enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/113—Acidophilus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/169—Plantarum
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a biological protein feed, which comprises the following steps: adding water and lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus, alkaline protease and cellulase into a solution preparation tank, fully and uniformly mixing to form a bacteria-water mixed solution, and standing for strain activation; adding saccharomycetes into the mixed liquid of the bacteria and the water, uniformly mixing the mixed liquid of the bacteria and the water with the soybean meal to form a mixture, and then starting fermentation; and (4) putting the fermented mixture into a storage bin for drying. The feed prepared by the method has high content of soybean meal protein and acid soluble protein, low content of water and crude ash, and no anti-nutritional factors and flatulence factors, and various digestive enzymes and a large amount of yeast generated by fermentation are beneficial to improving the digestive absorption of animals on the feed and improving the micro-ecology of animal digestive tracts, thereby improving the immunity of the animals, improving the feed conversion rate and reducing the breeding cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feed manufacturing, in particular to a preparation method of a biological protein feed.
Background
The soybean meal is used as a high-quality protein source, has the crude protein content of 43-46 percent and is the most widely used protein raw material in China at present. The fermented soybean meal takes the soybean meal as a raw material, adopts unique strains and fermentation process, and improves the nutritional value and the digestibility of the soybean meal by decomposing soybean protein into small molecular protein and small peptide molecules by protease secreted in the microbial fermentation process.
The fermented soybean meal is characterized in that undesirable anti-nutritional factors (such as trypsin inhibitor, soybean antigen protein, hemagglutinin and the like in the soybean meal) in the soybean meal are removed through microbial fermentation, the nutritional performance and the use value of the soybean meal are improved, the use range of the soybean meal is expanded, but the feeding soybean meal is high-temperature soybean meal generally, the protein denaturation is serious, the solubility is poor, the digestion of the protein can be influenced, and the soybean meal produced and sold in the market at present still contains certain anti-nutritional factors and flatulence factors.
In the prior art, the granted patent CN111631312A discloses a method for fermenting soybean meal by enzymolysis, the enzymolysis substances used in the method are galactosidase, glucoamylase and papain, and different enzymolysis substances are used for carrying out enzymolysis on the soybean meal through two steps, and then saccharomycetes, bacillus and lactic acid bacteria are added for strain activation. The steps of the granted patent CN111631312A are relatively complicated, and the production preparation and waiting time is too long, which is not favorable for improving the production efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing a bioprotein feed to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a bioprotein feed comprising:
step (1), activating strains: adding water and lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus, alkaline protease and cellulase into a solution preparation tank, fully and uniformly mixing to form a bacteria-water mixed solution, and standing for strain activation;
fermenting in step (2): adding saccharomycetes into the mixed liquid of the bacteria and the water, uniformly mixing the mixed liquid of the bacteria and the water with the soybean meal to form a mixture, and then starting fermentation;
air drying in step (3): and (4) putting the fermented mixture into a storage bin for drying.
Wherein the mass ratio of water to lactobacillus plantarum is 1: 0.2-0.25 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to lactobacillus acidophilus is 1: 0.2-0.25 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to alkaline protease is 1: 0.1-0.12 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to cellulase is 1: 0.1-0.12 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to yeast is 1: 0.8-1 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to soybean meal is 1: 2200 per mill.
Furthermore, the lactobacillus plantarum is 1000 hundred million/g, the lactobacillus acidophilus is 100 hundred million/g, the enzyme activity of the alkaline protease is 20 ten thousand IU/g, and the enzyme activity of the cellulase is 1 ten thousand IU/g.
Further, the preferable mass ratio of each component in the method is as follows: the mass ratio of water to lactobacillus plantarum is 1: 0.22 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to lactobacillus acidophilus is 1: 0.22 per mill, water and alkaline protease in a mass ratio of 1: 0.11 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to cellulase is 1: 0.11 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to yeast is 1: 0.9 per mill.
Further, the crude protein content of the soybean meal is more than 46%.
Further, the step (1) further comprises:
the temperature in the liquid preparation tank is kept at 37 ℃, and the strain activation process is maintained for 48 hours.
Further, the step (2) further comprises:
the temperature in the fermentation tank is kept at 37 ℃, and the fermentation process is maintained for 48 hours.
Further, the step (3) further comprises:
and drying the fermented mixture by an airflow dryer with the air inlet temperature of 230 ℃ and the air outlet temperature of 85 ℃ until the moisture content of the mixture is less than or equal to 12%.
Further, the method further comprises:
and crushing the dried mixture according to the granularity of 80 meshes.
The preparation method of the biological protein feed has the beneficial effects that the protein feed prepared by the method has higher content of soybean meal protein and acid soluble protein, lower content of water and crude ash, and no anti-nutritional factors and flatulence factors. And various digestive enzymes and a large amount of yeast generated by fermentation are beneficial to improving the digestion and absorption of animals to the feed and improving the micro-ecology of the digestive tract of the animals, thereby improving the immunity of the animals, improving the feed conversion rate and reducing the breeding cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Example 1
The strains for producing the fermented beans mainly comprise lactobacillus acidophilus (soluble lactobacillus) in bacteria, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum in bacteria, saccharomycetes and aspergillus oryzae in fungi, the five bacteria have respective fermentation characteristics, for example, the saccharomycetes can improve the protein quality, the lactobacillus can relieve symptoms such as flatulence factors, dyspepsia, intestinal discomfort and the like aiming at carbohydrate, and the five bacteria can be organically combined together in actual production, so that probiotic strains and metabolites contained in the fermented beans are more diversified.
As shown in fig. 1, this example provides a method for preparing a bioprotein feed.
Firstly, adding water and lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus, alkaline protease and cellulase into a solution preparation tank, fully and uniformly mixing to form a bacteria-water mixed solution, standing for 48 hours at a constant temperature of 37 ℃, and waiting for complete activation of strains.
The selected lactobacillus plantarum is 1000 hundred million/g, the selected lactobacillus acidophilus is 100 hundred million/g, the enzyme activity of the alkaline protease is 20 ten thousand IU/g, and the enzyme activity of the cellulase is 1 ten thousand IU/g.
And secondly, dissolving saccharomycetes in water, adding the dissolved saccharomycetes into the mixed bacteria-water mixed solution, uniformly mixing, pouring the mixture into a fermentation tank, mixing the mixture with the bean pulp to form a mixture, and fermenting for 48 hours under the condition that the temperature in the tank is kept at a constant temperature of 37 ℃ through water circulation of the fermentation tank, wherein the bean pulp is preferably high-quality bean pulp with the crude protein content of more than 46%.
Wherein the mass ratio of water to lactobacillus plantarum is 1: 0.2 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to lactobacillus acidophilus is 1: 0.2 thousandth, and the mass ratio of water to alkaline protease is 1: 0.1 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to cellulase is 1: 0.1 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to yeast is 1: 0.8 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to soybean meal is 1: 2200 per mill.
The soybean meal contains antitrophic factors such as trypsin inhibitor oligosaccharide, agglutinin phytic acid, urease and the like, and the antitrophic factors are degraded or passivated by the action of microorganisms, enzymes and organic acid generated by fermentation in the fermentation process, so that the antitrophic factors are destroyed.
Meanwhile, protein macromolecules in the bean pulp are degraded into micromolecules under the action of microorganisms, and the proteins are decomposed into soluble proteins, polypeptides, small peptides and free amino acids, so that the digestion and absorption of animals (especially young animals) are facilitated, the digestion rate of the animals is improved, the growth of the animals is promoted, in addition, the emission of ammonia is reduced, and the feeding environment is improved.
Various digestive enzymes and a large amount of yeast are generated through fermentation, which is favorable for improving the digestive absorption of animals to the feed and improving the microecology of the digestive tract of the animals, thereby improving the immunity of the animals, improving the feed conversion rate and reducing the breeding cost.
And thirdly, putting the mixture fermented for 48 hours into a storage bin through a conveying belt, and drying the mixture through an airflow type dryer with the air inlet temperature of 230 ℃ and the air outlet temperature of 85 ℃ until the moisture content in the mixture is less than or equal to 12%.
And after the drying operation is finished, conveying the mixture to a crusher, crushing according to the granularity of 80 meshes, and packaging.
Example 2
Firstly, adding water and lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus, alkaline protease and cellulase into a solution preparation tank, fully and uniformly mixing to form a bacteria-water mixed solution, standing for 48 hours at a constant temperature of 37 ℃, and waiting for complete activation of strains.
The selected lactobacillus plantarum is 1000 hundred million/g, the selected lactobacillus acidophilus is 100 hundred million/g, the enzyme activity of the alkaline protease is 20 ten thousand IU/g, and the enzyme activity of the cellulase is 1 ten thousand IU/g.
And secondly, dissolving saccharomycetes in water, adding the dissolved saccharomycetes into the mixed bacteria-water mixed solution, uniformly mixing, pouring the mixture into a fermentation tank, mixing the mixture with the bean pulp to form a mixture, and fermenting for 48 hours under the condition that the temperature in the tank is kept at a constant temperature of 37 ℃ through water circulation of the fermentation tank, wherein the bean pulp is preferably high-quality bean pulp with the crude protein content of more than 46%.
Wherein the mass ratio of water to lactobacillus plantarum is 1: 0.25 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to lactobacillus acidophilus is 1: 0.25 per mill, water and alkaline protease in a mass ratio of 1: 0.12 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to cellulase is 1: 0.12 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to yeast is 1: 1 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to soybean meal is 1: 2200 per mill.
And thirdly, putting the mixture fermented for 48 hours into a storage bin through a conveying belt, and drying the mixture through an airflow type dryer with the air inlet temperature of 230 ℃ and the air outlet temperature of 85 ℃ until the moisture content in the mixture is less than or equal to 12%.
And after the drying operation is finished, conveying the mixture to a crusher, crushing according to the granularity of 80 meshes, and packaging.
Example 3
Firstly, adding water and lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus, alkaline protease and cellulase into a solution preparation tank, fully and uniformly mixing to form a bacteria-water mixed solution, standing for 48 hours at a constant temperature of 37 ℃, and waiting for complete activation of strains.
The selected lactobacillus plantarum is 1000 hundred million/g, the selected lactobacillus acidophilus is 100 hundred million/g, the enzyme activity of the alkaline protease is 20 ten thousand IU/g, and the enzyme activity of the cellulase is 1 ten thousand IU/g.
And secondly, dissolving saccharomycetes in water, adding the dissolved saccharomycetes into the mixed bacteria-water mixed solution, uniformly mixing, pouring the mixture into a fermentation tank, mixing the mixture with the bean pulp to form a mixture, and fermenting for 48 hours under the condition that the temperature in the tank is kept at a constant temperature of 37 ℃ through water circulation of the fermentation tank, wherein the bean pulp is preferably high-quality bean pulp with the crude protein content of more than 46%.
Wherein the mass ratio of water to lactobacillus plantarum is 1: 0.22 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to lactobacillus acidophilus is 1: 0.22 per mill, water and alkaline protease in a mass ratio of 1: 0.11 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to cellulase is 1: 0.11 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to yeast is 1: 0.9 per mill.
And thirdly, putting the mixture fermented for 48 hours into a storage bin through a conveying belt, and drying the mixture through an airflow type dryer with the air inlet temperature of 230 ℃ and the air outlet temperature of 85 ℃ until the moisture content in the mixture is less than or equal to 12%.
And after the drying operation is finished, conveying the mixture to a crusher, crushing according to the granularity of 80 meshes, and packaging.
Although the protein content of the feed prepared according to the ratio in example 1 is higher than 50% compared with the protein content of the feed obtained according to other mixing ratios, the protein content of the feed prepared according to example 3 is slightly lower than the protein content of the feed obtained according to example 3, the mixing ratio in example 2 can also obtain the feed with higher protein content, but the used bacterial species and the used fermentation enzyme are more than those in example 3, if the fermentation enzyme does not completely react due to other conditions in production, the fermentation process is finished and then the temperature-raising enzyme-killing treatment is needed, so that the treatment steps and time are increased, and in conclusion, the example 3 is more economical in terms of the use amount of the bacterial species and the fermentation enzyme, so the mixing ratio of the components in example 3 is the optimal proportioning scheme of the invention.
Although the present invention has been described in detail by referring to the drawings in connection with the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various equivalent modifications or substitutions can be made on the embodiments of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention/any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method of preparing a bioprotein feed, comprising:
step (1), activating strains: adding water and lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus, alkaline protease and cellulase into a solution preparation tank, fully and uniformly mixing to form a bacteria-water mixed solution, and standing for strain activation;
fermenting in step (2): adding saccharomycetes into the mixed liquid of the bacteria and the water, uniformly mixing the mixed liquid of the bacteria and the water with the soybean meal to form a mixture, and then starting fermentation;
air drying in step (3): and (4) putting the fermented mixture into a storage bin for drying.
Wherein the mass ratio of water to lactobacillus plantarum is 1: 0.2-0.25 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to lactobacillus acidophilus is 1: 0.2-0.25 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to alkaline protease is 1: 0.1-0.12 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to cellulase is 1: 0.1-0.12 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to yeast is 1: 0.8-1 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to soybean meal is 1: 2200 per mill.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the lactobacillus plantarum is 1000 million/g, the lactobacillus acidophilus is 100 million/g, the enzyme activity of the alkaline protease is 20 ten thousand IU/g, and the enzyme activity of the cellulase is 1 ten thousand IU/g.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the preferable mass ratio of each component in the method is as follows: the mass ratio of water to lactobacillus plantarum is 1: 0.22 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to lactobacillus acidophilus is 1: 0.22 per mill, water and alkaline protease in a mass ratio of 1: 0.11 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to cellulase is 1: 0.11 per mill, and the mass ratio of water to yeast is 1: 0.9 per mill.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the soybean meal has a crude protein content of greater than 46%.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein step (1) further comprises:
the temperature in the liquid preparation tank is kept at 37 ℃, and the strain activation process is maintained for 48 hours.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein step (2) further comprises:
the temperature in the fermentation tank is kept at 37 ℃, and the fermentation process is maintained for 48 hours.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein step (3) further comprises:
and drying the fermented mixture by an airflow dryer with the air inlet temperature of 230 ℃ and the air outlet temperature of 85 ℃ until the moisture content of the mixture is less than or equal to 12%.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising:
and crushing the dried mixture according to the granularity of 80 meshes.
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| CN1911066A (en) * | 2006-08-24 | 2007-02-14 | 武汉邦之德牧业科技有限公司 | Process of strengthening deep fermentation of soybean dregs with composite enzyme |
| CN109170138A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-01-11 | 江门市澳保生物科技有限公司 | A kind of technique that bacterium-enzyme cooperative fermentation produces high small peptide fermented bean dregs |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1911066A (en) * | 2006-08-24 | 2007-02-14 | 武汉邦之德牧业科技有限公司 | Process of strengthening deep fermentation of soybean dregs with composite enzyme |
| CN109170138A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-01-11 | 江门市澳保生物科技有限公司 | A kind of technique that bacterium-enzyme cooperative fermentation produces high small peptide fermented bean dregs |
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