CN112952383B - Method for realizing multi-beam in pulse of phased array antenna - Google Patents
Method for realizing multi-beam in pulse of phased array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN112952383B CN112952383B CN202011425948.3A CN202011425948A CN112952383B CN 112952383 B CN112952383 B CN 112952383B CN 202011425948 A CN202011425948 A CN 202011425948A CN 112952383 B CN112952383 B CN 112952383B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
- H01Q3/36—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for realizing intra-pulse multi-beam of a phased array antenna, which comprises the following steps: and the computer sends a control command, and the sending time is carried out according to a preset time sequence and is finished in the pulse cut-off period. And after the T/R module receives the control instruction, in the pulse ending period, searching out the control data of the control instruction by using a table look-up method, and assigning values in ten data latches of each channel of the beam control circuit in advance, wherein after assignment is completed, the assignment circuit is in a high-impedance state. The pulse signal is applied to the control terminals of the ten data latches, and when the pulse comes, the data in the ten data latches are sequentially output under the control of the pulse, and the phase of the microwave phase shifter is controlled. Therefore, the method for realizing the multi-beam in the pulse of the phased array antenna reduces the data transmission amount of beam control, adopts table lookup to write data, improves the speed, and realizes the control of a plurality of beams in the pulse.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwaves, in particular to a method for realizing multi-beam in a phase array antenna pulse.
Background
In an air-ground missile weapon system, time is a valuable resource. The intra-pulse multi-beam antenna can complete the search of a large airspace in a short time, is used as a search radar and a target indication radar in an air-ground missile weapon system, and provides position and speed information of a target for a guidance radar and a missile quickly. For example, the search radar of the russian dalong weapon system adopts an intra-pulse three-beam antenna, namely, three pulses are included in one pulse, each pulse interval is 100nS, each time the antenna scans, the antenna can scan 32 degrees by three beams in the pitching direction once, so that the data rate of the guided radar is improved, the angular resolution in the pitching direction is improved, and a foundation is laid for the weapon system to attack high-speed targets.
However, the darts system searches for radar using frequency scanning antennas. The method forms a plurality of wave beams by the frequency dispersion of different frequencies in an antenna and the radiation in space, one frequency point corresponds to one wave beam, each frequency point is separated by a certain bandwidth, three frequency points (the bandwidth is about 400 MHz) work simultaneously, the fast switch of the wave beams is realized by adopting a fast switch to switch the frequency of small-signal microwave signals in a microwave signal source, and the method has the advantages of fast, simple and reliable scheme and low cost. The working mode has the defects that under the battlefield condition of a complex electromagnetic environment, the radar system is easily interfered by an interference unit of the other party, any frequency point is interfered, the radar system cannot provide target information, the anti-interference capability is poor, and the weapon system is not beneficial to battle under the complex electromagnetic environment.
A phased array antenna refers to an antenna that changes a pattern shape by controlling a feeding phase of a radiation element in an array antenna. The control phase can change the direction of the maximum value of the antenna pattern so as to achieve the purpose of beam scanning. Through frequency agility, the anti-interference performance of the radar is remarkably improved, and the survival capability of the radar in a complex electromagnetic environment is strong.
The beam control system is one of the important subsystems of the phased array antenna, calculates the phase value required by each T/R component in a specified time according to antenna beam pointing angle information, frequency information and the like provided by a radar center control computer, and distributes the beam control digital codes and the state control codes of each unit to each unit after driving, thereby realizing the control of beam pointing.
The design of the beam control system needs to select different control modes according to the scale of the array surface unit, the function of the radar, the time of beam conversion, the equipment amount, the cost and other factors. The beam control system can be generally divided into a centralized beam control system and a distributed beam control system. The distributed control method is mainly applied to a phased array system of a large-scale array, and for radars with few array surface units, a calculation method of centralized control and table lookup is adopted.
The centralized beam control system also has two specific methods, one is to implement a calculation method, and the other is to form a table by phase data and adopt a real-time table look-up method. The table look-up method is adopted, and the speed is high. The method can achieve 33 microseconds at the fastest speed in China. It adopts 10MHz clock, wave control code is 32 bit through data, and coding clock is 1MHz.
According to the scheme, 5 clock cycles are needed for converting received data into addresses, wave control codes are converted into control data, 32 microseconds are needed, and 5 clock cycles are needed for reading the RAM by the FPGA. Therefore, the total time reaches dozens of microseconds, the requirement that the phase matching time is less than 200nS cannot be met, and the function of multi-beam in pulse cannot be realized.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for realizing multi-beam in pulse of a phased array antenna, which reduces the data transmission quantity of beam control, adopts table lookup to write data, improves the speed and realizes the control of a plurality of beams in the pulse.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for implementing intra-pulse multi-beam of a phased array antenna, comprising: and the computer sends a control command, and the sending time is carried out according to a preset time sequence and is finished in the pulse cut-off period. After the T/R module receives the control instruction, in the pulse cutoff period, the control data of the control instruction is found out by using a table look-up method, all the control data are assigned to the ten data latches of each channel of the beam control circuit in advance, and after assignment is completed, the assignment circuit is in a high-impedance state. The pulse signal is applied to the control terminals of the ten data latches, and when the pulse comes, the data in the ten data latches are sequentially output under the control of the pulse, and the phase of the microwave phase shifter is controlled.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the beam control circuit and the microwave phase shifter are installed in the T/R module, and the beam control circuit is electrically connected to the microwave phase shifter.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the pulse-off period is 1900 μ s.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the FPGA of the beam steering circuit uses a clock speed of 20MHz and an edge update phase value is raised and lowered on the modulation pulse.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the microwave phase shifter adopts a 6-bit switch phase shifter, the switching speed is less than 20ns, and the control interface adopts parallel data transmission.
Compared with the prior art, the method for realizing the multi-beam in the pulse of the phased array antenna reduces the data transmission quantity of beam control, adopts the table lookup to write data, improves the speed and realizes the control of a plurality of beams in the pulse.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a beam schematic diagram of a method of implementing multiple intra-pulse beams for a phased array antenna in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a waveform diagram of a method of implementing intra-pulse multi-beams for a phased array antenna in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a beam steering circuit for implementing a multiple intra-pulse beam for a phased array antenna in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a wire-frame diagram illustrating beam steering of a method for implementing intra-pulse multi-beam phased array antennas according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the main reference numerals:
1-data latch, 2-phase shifter, 3-beam control circuit.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the term "comprise" or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", etc., will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element or component but not the exclusion of any other element or component.
Fig. 1 is a beam diagram of a method for implementing multiple intra-pulse beams for a phased array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a waveform diagram illustrating a method for implementing multi-beam in a pulse for a phased array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a beam steering circuit for implementing a multi-beam in a phased array antenna pulse according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a schematic wire-frame diagram of beam steering for implementing intra-pulse multi-beam of a phased array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a method for implementing multi-beam in a phased array antenna pulse according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes: and the computer sends a control command, the sending time is carried out according to a preset time sequence, and the sending is finished in the pulse ending period. After the T/R module receives the control instruction, in the pulse ending period, the control data of the control instruction is found out by using a table look-up method, and all the control data are assigned to the ten data latches 1 of each channel of the beam control circuit 3 in advance, and after assignment is completed, the assignment circuit is in a high-impedance state. Pulse signals are applied to control terminals of the ten data latches 1, and when a pulse arrives, data in the ten data latches 1 are sequentially output under the control of the pulse, and the phase of the microwave phase shifter 2 is controlled.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the beam control circuit 3 and the microwave phase shifter 2 are installed in the T/R module, and the beam control circuit 3 is electrically connected to the microwave phase shifter 2. The pulse off period is 1900 microseconds.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the FPGA of the beam steering circuit 3 uses a clock speed of 20MHz and an edge update phase value is raised and lowered on the modulation pulse. The microwave phase shifter 2 adopts a 6-bit switch phase shifter 2, the switching speed is less than 20ns, and the control interface adopts parallel data transmission.
In practical application, the beam control circuit 3 and the microwave phase shifter 2 of the method for realizing the intra-pulse multi-beam phased array antenna are integrally designed and are arranged in the T/R module, so that the signal interconnection between the phased array antenna and a beam forming network can be greatly reduced, the transmission delay is reduced, and the speed is improved. The microwave phase shifter 2 adopts a 6-bit switch phase shifter 2, the switching speed is less than 20nS, and the control interface adopts parallel data transmission, so that the phase shifting speed of the phase shifter 2 is improved. Specifically, the data sent from the computer is not detailed control data, but is only a command of the intra-pulse beam scanning operation system, and the sending time is strictly performed at a predetermined timing, and is completed in the pulse off period (1900 μ s). The control method greatly reduces the transmission data volume, only has one byte (for a complex system, the data volume is limited), and can finish the data transmission and reception in less than 100 mu s of time during the pulse truncation period. When a beam control circuit 3 in the T/R module receives a control mode command, in the pulse arrival period, the control data of the control mode is found out by using a table look-up method within the time not more than 100 mu s, ten data latches 1 (ten 8-bit D triggers) of each channel are assigned in advance, and after assignment is completed, an assignment circuit is in a high-impedance state. The pulse signal is applied to the control terminal of the data latch 1 (after passing through the inverter), and when the pulse comes, the data in the ten data latches 1 are sequentially output under the control of the pulse, and the phase of the phase shifter 2 is controlled. The FPGA adopts a clock speed of 20Mz, a lifting edge on a modulation pulse updates a phase value, the phase value is kept at a modulation pulse high level, and phase control of the phase shifter 2 can be completed within 100nS time, so that scanning of a plurality of wave beams in the pulse of the antenna is realized. The phased array antenna is a one-dimensional phase scanning phased array, the azimuth direction is wide in beam, the pitching direction is one-dimensional phase scanning, and the indexes are as follows: 1. working frequency band: c wave band with 400MHz bandwidth; 2. the pulse width is 100 mus, and the duty ratio is 5 percent; 3. antenna gain: 21dB; 4. azimuth beam width: the width of the wave beam in the azimuth direction is +/-10 degrees; 5. the pitching direction is realized by adopting phase scanning, and the scanning range is +/-20 degrees; 6. the pitching direction is within a 100 mu s pulse, and the pulse width of the scanning sub-beam pulse is 9.8 mu s and the interval is 0.2 mu s through ten sub-beams; 8. there are eight control modes in the pitch direction.
In summary, the method for realizing the multi-beam in the pulse of the phased array antenna reduces the data transmission amount of beam control, adopts the phase shifter with a parallel interface to improve the control speed of the phase shifter, adopts the method of writing data by looking up a table to improve the speed, and adopts the method of pulse triggering and ten-beam control data sequential shifting to realize the control of a plurality of beams in the pulse.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and so forth) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (1)
1. A method for implementing multiple intra-pulse beams for a phased array antenna, comprising:
the computer sends out a control instruction, the sending time is carried out according to a preset time sequence and is completed in the pulse cut-off period;
after the T/R module receives the control instruction, in the pulse cutoff period, using a table look-up method to find out control data of the control instruction, and assigning the control data into ten data latches of each channel of the beam control circuit in advance, wherein after assignment is completed, the assignment circuit is in a high-impedance state; and
pulse signals are applied to the control ends of the ten data latches, and when a pulse arrives, data in the ten data latches are sequentially output under the control of the pulse, and the phase of the microwave phase shifter is controlled;
the beam control circuit and the microwave phase shifter are arranged in the T/R module, and the beam control circuit is electrically connected with the microwave phase shifter;
wherein the pulse off period is 1900 microseconds;
the FPGA of the beam control circuit adopts a clock speed of 20Mz, and a lifting edge on a modulation pulse updates a phase value;
the microwave phase shifter adopts a 6-bit switch phase shifter, the switching speed is less than 20nS, and a control interface adopts parallel data transmission;
the phased array antenna is a one-dimensional phase scanning phased array, a direction wide beam and a pitching direction one-dimensional phase scanning phased array, and the specific indexes are as follows:
1. working frequency band: c wave band with 400MHz bandwidth;
2. the pulse width is 100 mus, and the duty ratio is 5 percent;
3. antenna gain: 21dB;
4. azimuth beam width: the width of the wave beam in the azimuth direction is +/-10 degrees;
5. the pitching direction is realized by adopting phase scanning, and the scanning range is +/-20 degrees;
6. the pitching direction is within a 100 mu s pulse, and the pulse width of the scanning sub-beam pulse is 9.8 mu s and the interval is 0.2 mu s through ten sub-beams;
7. there are eight control modes in the pitch direction.
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| CN113687360B (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-02-18 | 南京恩瑞特实业有限公司 | Phased array weather radar scanning strategy suitable for civil aviation air traffic control meteorological guarantee |
| CN114759350B (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-08-30 | 成都瑞迪威科技有限公司 | Phased array antenna beam amplitude phase control circuit and amplitude phase control method |
| CN115833901A (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2023-03-21 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | High-precision agile beam control method and system |
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| CN1220787A (en) * | 1996-05-31 | 1999-06-23 | 艾利森电话股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for interference rejection combining and downlink beamforming in cellular radiocommunications system |
| WO2001039361A2 (en) * | 1999-11-24 | 2001-05-31 | Parkervision, Inc. | Phase shifting applications of universal frequency translation |
| CN109298669A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-02-01 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of modularization high-precision control system and method suitable for large scale array wave beam forming |
| CN111129775A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-05-08 | 中国航天科工集团八五一一研究所 | Method for realizing fast wave beam control |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1220787A (en) * | 1996-05-31 | 1999-06-23 | 艾利森电话股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for interference rejection combining and downlink beamforming in cellular radiocommunications system |
| WO2001039361A2 (en) * | 1999-11-24 | 2001-05-31 | Parkervision, Inc. | Phase shifting applications of universal frequency translation |
| CN109298669A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-02-01 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of modularization high-precision control system and method suitable for large scale array wave beam forming |
| CN111129775A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-05-08 | 中国航天科工集团八五一一研究所 | Method for realizing fast wave beam control |
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