CN112950204A - Spectrum resource authentication and transaction method, system and electronic equipment - Google Patents
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Abstract
One or more embodiments of the present specification provide a spectrum resource authentication and transaction method, system and electronic device, which are applied to a spectrum resource authentication and transaction system, where the spectrum resource authentication and transaction system includes: manager nodes, participant nodes and other blockchain nodes; the participant node completes identity registration via the manager node; the spectrum resource authentication and transaction method comprises the following steps: and the manager node carries out identity verification on the participant node, calls a preset intelligent contract to manage the frequency spectrum transaction participated by the participant node, and carries out frequency spectrum allocation according to the frequency spectrum transaction.
Description
Technical Field
One or more embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the field of block chain technologies, and in particular, to a spectrum resource authentication and transaction method, system, and electronic device.
Background
Radio spectrum is an indispensable precious resource in mobile communications and an important bearer for mobile communications transmission. With the rapid development of information technology, the demand of a mobile communication system on frequency spectrum resources is greatly increased, so that the frequency spectrum resources are increasingly in short supply; when the spectrum amount of a certain operator cannot meet the current requirement, the spectrum of other operators meeting the requirement may be in an idle state, which may cause waste of spectrum resources. Therefore, it is important to provide a spectrum allocation method that can fully utilize spectrum resources and avoid spectrum resource waste.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, one or more embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to a method, a system, and an electronic device for spectrum resource authentication and transaction, so as to solve the problems of insufficient spectrum resource utilization and uneven configuration.
In view of the above, one or more embodiments of the present disclosure provide a spectrum resource authentication and transaction method applied to a spectrum resource authentication and transaction system, where the spectrum resource authentication and transaction system includes:
manager nodes, participant nodes and other blockchain nodes; the participant node completes identity registration via the manager node;
the spectrum resource authentication and transaction method comprises the following steps:
and the manager node carries out identity verification on the participant node, calls a preset intelligent contract to manage the frequency spectrum transaction participated by the participant node, and carries out frequency spectrum allocation according to the frequency spectrum transaction.
In some embodiments, further comprising:
the manager node receives the registration application information sent by the participant node, generates a public key, a private key and a legal certificate according to the registration application information, and sends the public key, the private key and the legal certificate to the participant node.
In some embodiments, the other blockchain node stores a public key and a signature certificate broadcast by the participant node;
the method for authenticating the identity of the participant node by the manager node specifically includes:
the manager node calls the other block chain nodes to enable the other block chain nodes to use the public key to verify whether the signature certificate is legal, if so, the other block chain nodes are continuously called to check whether the identity hash value of the participant node is unique and valid, and if so, the participant node is allowed to conduct transaction; wherein the signed certificate is signed by the participant node on the legitimate certificate using a private key of the secret key.
In some embodiments, said invoking said other block chain node to check whether the identity hash value of said participant node is unique and valid comprises:
the manager node checks whether the identity hash value sent by the participant node is unique, if so, the identity hash value is broadcast to the other block chain nodes, and if more than half of the other block chain nodes successfully verify the identity hash value, the identity of the participant node is valid.
In some embodiments, the intelligent contract comprises: the system comprises a transaction statement module, a transaction support module and a payment settlement module;
the invoking of the preset intelligent contract manages the spectrum transaction participated by the participant node, and specifically includes:
the participant node calls the transaction statement module to declare identity, price and spectrum resource attribute and stores the declaration into a deposit; wherein the identities include a buyer operator, a seller operator, and a secondary user;
the manager node calls the transaction support module to carry out spectrum auction according to the statement;
the participant node calls the payment settlement module to perform payment settlement according to transaction conditions, and the manager node calls the payment settlement module to manage the payment settlement so as to realize the frequency spectrum transaction.
In some embodiments, the administrator node invoking the transaction support module to conduct a spectrum auction according to the statement, comprising:
after the spectrum auction between the buyer operator and the seller operator is finished, if the auction of the seller operator is not successful, the manager node opens a secondary market, and the seller operator and the secondary user perform spectrum transaction.
In some embodiments, the administrator node invokes the payment settlement module to manage the payment settlement, including:
and the manager node supervises spectrum allocation according to the transaction condition and checks whether the participant node has malicious behaviors, and if the participant node does not have the malicious behaviors, the participant node is allowed to recover the residual deposit.
In some embodiments, further comprising:
and the manager node broadcasts the spectrum transaction process in a block chain, and makes the participant node agree on the distribution result of the spectrum transaction through a Byzantine consensus algorithm.
Based on the same inventive concept, one or more embodiments of the present specification further provide a spectrum resource authentication and transaction system, which is characterized by comprising: manager nodes, participant nodes and other blockchain nodes; the participant node completes identity registration via the manager node;
the manager node is configured to perform identity verification on the participant node, call a preset intelligent contract to manage the frequency spectrum transaction in which the participant node participates, and perform frequency spectrum allocation according to the frequency spectrum transaction.
Based on the same inventive concept, one or more embodiments of the present specification further provide an electronic device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable by the processor, wherein the processor implements the method according to any one of the above embodiments when executing the computer program.
As can be seen from the above, in the spectrum resource authentication and transaction method, system and electronic device provided in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, spectrum resource authentication and transaction are performed through a blockchain, so that not only can dynamic spectrum sharing be implemented between operators in a mobile communication system, but also spectrum transaction can be performed between an operator and a secondary user when spectrum resources are idle, and finally, reasonable allocation of spectrum resources is implemented and the utilization rate of spectrum resources of the mobile communication system is greatly improved; by deploying the intelligent contract in the block chain, the spectrum transaction between each participant can be safely and efficiently carried out, and the safety risk in the spectrum resource transaction allocation process is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate one or more embodiments or prior art solutions of the present specification, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only one or more embodiments of the present specification, and that other drawings may be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort from these drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transaction architecture according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of authentication in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for spectrum resource authentication and transaction according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a smart contract design flow diagram for one or more embodiments of the present description;
fig. 5 is a hardware structure diagram of an electronic device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the present disclosure, reference is made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
It is to be noted that unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in one or more embodiments of the present specification should have the ordinary meaning as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in one or more embodiments of the specification is not intended to indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather is used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
Radio spectrum is an indispensable precious resource in mobile communications and an important bearer for mobile communications transmission. With the rapid development of information technology, the demand of mobile communication systems for spectrum resources is greatly increased, so that the spectrum resources are increasingly tense. Therefore, it is important to provide a spectrum allocation method that can fully utilize spectrum resources and avoid spectrum resource waste. Blockchain and smart contract technologies are widely used in many areas due to their decentrality and security. Smart contracts consist of a number of predefined functions that can be triggered by transactions to implement a particular function. The blockchain has the advantages of intelligent transaction, resource sharing and the like, so that the fusion of the blockchain and the spectrum resource management is promoted.
As described in the background section, with the development of the block chain, the spectrum resource allocation is gradually combined with the block chain, and the traditional spectrum management manner is improved. However, the current method mainly focuses on privacy and fairness of the spectrum resource transaction between the spectrum owner and the user, and cannot guarantee high efficiency of the spectrum usage. When the spectrum amount of a certain operator cannot meet the current requirement of the operator, the spectrum meeting the requirement of other operators may be in an idle state, which may cause waste of spectrum resources.
In the process of implementing the present disclosure, the applicant finds that a mechanism of spectrum sharing among multiple operators can effectively improve the spectrum utilization rate of a mobile communication network, and in order to ensure safe interaction and efficient utilization of spectrum resources in dynamic spectrum sharing among multiple operators, the present patent proposes a method of spectrum resource authentication and transaction and spectrum sharing based on a block chain, which can not only ensure realization of dynamic spectrum sharing among multiple operators in a mobile communication system, but also enable an operator to perform idle spectrum transaction with a secondary user.
In the following, with reference to fig. 1, a schematic transaction architecture diagram of one or more embodiments of the present specification, fig. 2 is an identity verification flowchart of one or more embodiments of the present specification, fig. 3 is a flowchart of a spectrum resource authentication and transaction method of one or more embodiments of the present specification, fig. 4 is a flowchart of an intelligent contract design of one or more embodiments of the present specification, and fig. 5 is a schematic hardware structure diagram of an electronic device of one or more embodiments of the present specification, and a technical solution of the present disclosure is further described in detail through specific embodiments.
The invention aims to improve the utilization efficiency of spectrum resources in mobile communication by realizing multi-operator spectrum sharing and idle spectrum transaction. To achieve this object, the present invention proposes a framework based on licensed block chains for spectrum sharing in a multi-operator mobile communication network and supporting spectrum transactions between users and operators. The invention is mainly divided into two parts, wherein the first part provides a distributed and safe spectrum resource authentication and transaction framework based on a constructed permission block chain; the second part designs intelligent contracts for registration, spectrum transactions and payment clearing in spectrum transactions under this framework. Through the first part, dynamic spectrum transaction can be safely and reliably carried out between operators and users and among multiple operators. Through the second part, the operator and the user can be enabled to autonomously conduct spectrum resource transaction in the mobile communication network, and the operator and the user can call the function defined in the intelligent contract to trade the spectrum.
In view of the above, one or more embodiments of the present disclosure provide a spectrum resource authentication and transaction method applied to a spectrum resource authentication and transaction system, where the spectrum resource authentication and transaction system includes:
manager nodes, participant nodes and other blockchain nodes; the participant node completes identity registration via the manager node;
the spectrum resource authentication and transaction method comprises the following steps:
and the manager node carries out identity verification on the participant node, calls a preset intelligent contract to manage the frequency spectrum transaction participated by the participant node, and carries out frequency spectrum allocation according to the frequency spectrum transaction.
The licensed block chain based spectrum resource trading framework aims to establish a trusted spectrum trading environment to meet the spectrum resource requirements of operators and users. The proposed spectrum resource trading framework is mainly composed of two types of entities: participants and managers; the participants include seller operators, buyer operators, secondary users and managers. The manager and the participants are connected and communicate through the constructed blockchain network. The entities of the proposed spectrum resource trading framework are as follows:
vendor operator: consisting of M operators with free spectrum for a certain period of time, where the bandwidth of the spectrum that the mth seller operator decides to sell is Bm，BmLess than the total amount of spectrum bandwidth B owned by the vendor operatormt；
The buyer operator: the method comprises N operators needing redundant spectrum in a certain time period, wherein the nth buyer operator determines the purchased spectrum resource bandwidth to be W according to the spectrum demand prediction in the certain time periodnThe investment price per bandwidth is Cn；
And (4) secondary users: the system consists of E secondary spectrum users with spectrum demands in a certain time period, wherein the bandwidth of the spectrum resources which are decided to be purchased by the E secondary spectrum users is WeBid price per bandwidth unit of Ce；
The manager: the manager is mainly responsible for identity authentication and monitoring the implementation process of the spectrum resource transaction. Firstly, an operator and a secondary user need to be subjected to identity authentication of a manager before transaction, and then in the process of spectrum resource transaction, when the manager monitors that each participant has malicious operation, the participant is punished according to a predefined rule in an intelligent contract. The manager calls the intelligent contract only at a specific time in the spectrum transaction and does not participate in the processes of the spectrum transaction and the spectrum allocation.
Specifically, in one embodiment, there are 5 operator os in the mobile communication scenario1,O2,…,O5And 8 secondary users U1,U2,…,U8。
Step 1: the operator and the secondary user register with the manager to obtain a public key OId, a private key Opk and a legal certificate OCe; the secondary user registers with the administrator to obtain the public key UId, the private key Upk, and the legal certificate UCe.
Step 2: manager at t0Sending a transaction in a zone at a timeDeploying intelligent contracts in the block chains;
and step 3: 5 operators and 8 secondary users are participating in the spectrum trade framework t0,tr]The transaction statement phase makes statements. 5 operators according to [ t ]b,te]The use conditions of the own frequency spectrums in the period of time are respectively declared as a seller operator and a buyer operator, and the size and price of the bandwidth for selling and purchasing are marked; 8 secondary users are declared as secondary users. The operator and the secondary user store an ether as a deposit to the address of the intelligent contract during registration;
and 4, step 4: after the operator and the secondary user declare, the manager calls an animation () to start spectrum transaction, and spectrum transaction is carried out between 5 operators in a spectrum auction mode according to information of selling spectrum and purchasing spectrum declared by a seller operator and a buyer operator;
and 5: the identity of the participants needs to be authenticated when the spectrum transaction is carried out. When one seller operator makes a transaction application, the seller operator generates a digital identity of the seller by using a pair of secret keys of the seller operator, wherein the digital identity comprises company information, transaction time, block chain information and the like. All nodes in the block chain verify the validity of the certificate, then the manager checks whether the identity hash value of the seller operator is unique and allows all nodes to verify the identity hash value, and more than half of the nodes can perform transactions if verification is successful.
Step 6: when the spectrum auction is finished, the spectrum transaction between the seller operator and the buyer operator is finished;
and 7: in the previous spectrum transaction, if the seller operator operates the spectrum auction unsuccessfully, the manager will operate at t1Calling second grade () to open a secondary market for a seller operator to perform spectrum transaction with 8 secondary users;
and 8: opening a secondary market, and calling subcondby () by 8 secondary users to purchase frequency spectrums from operators still having idle frequency spectrums according to the selling information of the idle frequency spectrums;
and step 9: the secondary market also needs to verify the identity of the participant when conducting spectrum transactions. When one secondary user submits a transaction application, the digital identity of the secondary user is generated by using a pair of secret keys of the secondary user, and the digital identity contains company information, transaction time, block chain information and the like. All nodes in the block chain verify the legality of the certificate, then the manager checks whether the identity hash value of the secondary user is unique and allows all nodes to verify the identity hash value, and more than half of the nodes can perform transaction if verification is successful.
Step 10: when the time exceeds t2Then, the secondary market will stop trading and the participants will not be able to trade the spectrum;
step 11: the manager is responsible for ensuring that each participant is at tb,te]According to the transaction result, spectrum allocation is carried out, and whether malicious behaviors occur in operators and secondary users participating in the transaction or not is checked;
step 12: after the detection of the manager, the operators and the secondary users without malicious behaviors can recover the residual money of the transaction, and a round of spectrum transaction process is finished.
In some embodiments, further comprising:
the manager node receives the registration application information sent by the participant node, generates a public key, a private key and a legal certificate according to the registration application information, and sends the public key, the private key and the legal certificate to the participant node.
In particular, the permitted blockchain requires identity registration for each entity joining the blockchain and authentication of the identity during the transaction. The identity authentication method of the spectrum resource transaction framework based on the block chain comprises identity registration, identity verification and identity logout.
Identity registration: the method comprises the steps that an operator and a secondary user firstly send registration application information to a manager, the registration application information comprises identity identification information, the manager firstly verifies the legality of the registration application information after receiving an application, the manager generates a public key OPki, a private key OSki and a legal certificate OCei of the operator Oi, a public key UPki, a private key USki and a legal certificate UCei of the secondary user Ui according to the identity after verification is successful, and the manager uses a private key of the manager to sign. Finally, the administrator returns the certificate information to the operator and the secondary user.
In some embodiments, the other blockchain node stores a public key and a signature certificate broadcast by the participant node;
the method for authenticating the identity of the participant node by the manager node specifically includes:
before becoming a node in the permission block chain, the manager is required to authenticate the certificate, so that the security of the multi-operator and user spectrum transaction is ensured.
The manager node calls the other block chain nodes to enable the other block chain nodes to use the public key to verify whether the signature certificate is legal, if so, the other block chain nodes are continuously called to check whether the identity hash value of the participant node is unique and valid, and if so, the participant node is allowed to conduct transaction; wherein the signed certificate is signed by the participant node on the legitimate certificate using a private key of the secret key.
In some embodiments, said invoking said other block chain node to check whether the identity hash value of said participant node is unique and valid comprises:
the manager node checks whether the identity hash value sent by the participant node is unique, if so, the identity hash value is broadcast to the other block chain nodes, and if more than half of the other block chain nodes successfully verify the identity hash value, the identity of the participant node is valid.
Specifically, when a participant of a spectrum transaction sends a transaction each time, all nodes in the blockchain are required to verify the identity to ensure the credibility of the transaction. The following is the step of identity verification.
Step 1: the participant uses its own pair of keys to generate a unique digital identity containing company information, transaction time and blockchain information, etc. A participant uses a private key in a secret key to generate a digital signature in an encryption mode, and then sends a public key to a block chain;
step 2: the participants broadcast their own public keys and certificates in the blockchain;
and step 3: the nodes in the block chain receive the message, verify the certificate of the participant by using the public key and judge whether the participant is legal or not;
and 4, step 4: after the node in the block chain verifies the participant certificate, the manager sends a ready message to prepare for authentication of the identity hash value;
and 5: the participant sends the identity hash value to the manager;
step 6: the administrator checks whether the identity hash value exists and is unique in the block chain, and if so, the identity hash value is broadcast to other nodes. Otherwise, the manager sends a message to the participant, and the participant receives the message, regenerates the identity hash value and sends the identity hash value to the manager again.
And 7: and verifying the identity hash value of the participant by the node in the block chain, and if more than half of the nodes successfully verify the identity hash value, the administrator considers that the identity verification is successful and returns the verification result to the participant.
In some embodiments, the certificate revocation application information, including the identity revocation application and the legitimate certificate, is sent to the administrator when the operator and the secondary user no longer need to conduct spectrum transactions. The manager firstly verifies the validity of the identity revocation application; and after the verification is successful, the manager revokes the certificates of the operator and the secondary users.
In some embodiments, the intelligent contract comprises: the system comprises a transaction statement module, a transaction support module and a payment settlement module;
the invoking of the preset intelligent contract manages the spectrum transaction participated by the participant node, and specifically includes:
the participant node calls the transaction statement module to declare identity, price and spectrum resource attribute and stores the declaration into a deposit; wherein the identities include a buyer operator, a seller operator, and a secondary user;
the manager node calls the transaction support module to carry out spectrum auction according to the statement;
the participant node calls the payment settlement module to perform payment settlement according to transaction conditions, and the manager node calls the payment settlement module to manage the payment settlement so as to realize the frequency spectrum transaction.
In some embodiments, the administrator node invoking the transaction support module to conduct a spectrum auction according to the statement, comprising:
after the spectrum auction between the buyer operator and the seller operator is finished, if the auction of the seller operator is not successful, the manager node opens a secondary market, and the seller operator and the secondary user perform spectrum transaction.
In some embodiments, the administrator node invokes the payment settlement module to manage the payment settlement, including:
and the manager node supervises spectrum allocation according to the transaction condition and checks whether the participant node has malicious behaviors, and if the participant node does not have the malicious behaviors, the participant node is allowed to recover the residual deposit.
Specifically, the administrator invokes an intelligent contract preset in the spectrum resource transaction framework to start spectrum transaction between the operator and the user. The operator can select to register as a seller operator or a buyer operator according to the own spectrum use condition. The seller operator and the buyer operator can trade the frequency spectrum by calling a specific function in the intelligent contract, and the seller operator can also trade the idle frequency spectrum with the secondary user by calling the specific function in the intelligent contract. The participants carry out spectrum transaction and payment through an intelligent contract, and in the intelligent contract, the spectrum resource transaction process based on the block chain is divided into three stages: the transaction statement stage corresponds to a transaction statement module, the frequency spectrum transaction stage corresponds to a transaction support module and the payment settlement stage corresponds to a payment settlement module. Before deploying the intelligent contract, all participants should agree on the functionality defined in the intelligent contract. Manager at time t0A transaction is sent to deploy the intelligent contract. Once this transaction is packed into a valid block, all participants are able to learn the address of the intelligent contract.
Based on permissionsThe spectrum resource transaction framework of the block chain comprises a plurality of operators with authorized spectrum and spectrum secondary users. Wherein each operator comprises a plurality of base stations which analyze the spectrum usage and user locations reported by user terminals in a particular area. The base station of each operator reports the analysis result to the corresponding operation management and maintenance service provider, and the service provider is responsible for the spectrum management among the relevant base stations. According to the analysis result of the base station, the operation management and maintenance service provider of each operator can reasonably predict a certain period of time tb,te]The spectrum requirements of inter-operator;
in the transaction declaration phase, the declaration phase of the participant [ t ]0,tr]Meanwhile, the operator calls the SellorBuy () function to declare itself as a seller operator or a buyer operator, and simultaneously declares the spectrum bandwidth and unit bandwidth price that the operator wants to sell and buy, and when the SellorBuy () is called, a certain deposit is required to be deposited into the address of the intelligent contract for spectrum transaction. The secondary user will call the Buy () function to declare himself as a secondary user and also deposit a deposit for spectrum transactions. When the operator and the secondary user declare successfully, a registration event is triggered, and all nodes in the blockchain which monitor the event know the related information of the declaration of the participant. All participants can call the regionaliend () and function to confirm whether the declaration phase is finished at any time, and when the declaration phase is finished, namely the current time exceeds tr, the operators and the secondary users can not call the Sellorboy () function and the Buy () function any more.
In the spectrum transaction stage, the spectrum transaction is divided into two sub-stages. The first phase is spectrum transaction sharing between the buyer operator and the seller operator; the second stage is mainly designed for operators who still have free frequency spectrum after the first stage, and secondary markets are provided for the operators to trade frequency spectrum with secondary users. The details are as follows.
When the participant completes the declaration of the transaction, the administrator will call the auction () function to auction the spectrum according to the declaration information of the buyer operator and the seller operator. Defining variable auctionend in intelligent contract to represent spectrum auction condition when auctionend valueWhen false, the auction of the frequency spectrum is not finished; when the auctioneend value is true, the spectrum auction ends. Therefore, whether the spectrum auction is finished or not can be known when the value of the auctioned variable is inquired. If there is no auction success operation at the action (), the manager will be at time t1Calling a second market () function to open a second market, wherein the validity period of the second market is t1.t2]. The vendor operator who still has free spectrum can choose whether to enter the secondary market, and the secondary user can call the secondbuy () function to purchase spectrum according to the spectrum information. The manager and the participant can know whether the secondary market is finished or not by calling the trade () and the secondary user can not call the secondbuy () to buy the spectrum if the secondary market is finished. And when the secondary market is finished, the whole spectrum transaction process is finished.
In the payment settlement phase, the deposit deposited by the participant into the smart contract address at the time of declaration will be used directly for payment of the spectrum transaction. If the surplus deposit is returned to the participant after the transaction is finished, and the participant can call the dispose () function to increase the amount of money at any time in the spectrum transaction process so as to prevent the situation that the transaction amount is insufficient. At [ t ]b,te]And calling a back () function to reclaim the residual money after the spectrum allocation is finished.
The manager penalizes the malicious behavior in the spectrum transaction through settlement, and the definition function pay () can only be called by the manager and is responsible for the situation at tb,te]Successful allocation of the inner spectrum. And setting a variable failhornot in the intelligent contract to represent whether the participant of the spectrum transaction complies with the result of the spectrum allocation, and if the participant has malicious behaviors, calling the pay () by the manager to set the failhornot value to false, wherein the participant cannot recover the residual money. For honest participants, the faithornot value will be set to true and the participant can successfully reclaim the remaining money.
In some embodiments, further comprising:
and the manager node broadcasts the spectrum transaction process in a block chain, and makes the participant node agree on the distribution result of the spectrum transaction through a Byzantine consensus algorithm.
Specifically, in the allowed block chain, a practical Byzantine fault-tolerant consistency (PBFT) algorithm, namely a Byzantine consensus algorithm, is adopted to replace the traditional work evidence, so that the reliability, the throughput and the short delay of the system are greatly improved. In the PBFT algorithm, a plurality of operations that need to participate in the consistency process may become one copy, and one of them may be selected as a master operation. A set of transactions is validated by the master server and packed into blocks. The master server broadcasts the block to all copies for auditing. The audit results for each copy will be published in all copies in the license block chain. By comparing the received audit results, each replica can send feedback information to the master replica. Upon reaching a consensus, the chunk data will be broadcast by the master server to each entity in the licensed blockchain, and newly verified chunks may be added to the blockchain.
Based on the same inventive concept, one or more embodiments of the present specification further provide a spectrum resource authentication and transaction system, which is characterized by comprising: manager nodes, participant nodes and other blockchain nodes; the participant node completes identity registration via the manager node;
the manager node is configured to perform identity verification on the participant node, call a preset intelligent contract to manage the frequency spectrum transaction in which the participant node participates, and perform frequency spectrum allocation according to the frequency spectrum transaction.
Based on the same inventive concept, one or more embodiments of the present specification further provide an electronic device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable by the processor, wherein the processor implements the method according to any one of the above embodiments when executing the computer program.
As can be seen from the above, in the spectrum resource authentication and transaction method, system and electronic device provided in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, spectrum resource authentication and transaction are performed through a blockchain, so that not only can dynamic spectrum sharing be implemented between operators in a mobile communication system, but also spectrum transaction can be performed between an operator and a secondary user when spectrum resources are idle, and finally, reasonable allocation of spectrum resources is implemented and the utilization rate of spectrum resources of the mobile communication system is greatly improved; by deploying the intelligent contract in the block chain, the spectrum transaction between each participant can be safely and efficiently carried out, and the safety risk in the spectrum resource transaction allocation process is reduced.
It is to be appreciated that the method can be performed by any apparatus, device, platform, cluster of devices having computing and processing capabilities.
It should be noted that the method of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed by a single device, such as a computer or server. The method of the embodiment can also be applied to a distributed scene and completed by the mutual cooperation of a plurality of devices. In such a distributed scenario, one of the devices may perform only one or more steps of the method of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, and the devices may interact with each other to complete the method.
It should be noted that the above description describes certain embodiments of the present disclosure. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than in the embodiments and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing may also be possible or may be advantageous.
For convenience of description, the above devices are described as being divided into various modules by functions, and are described separately. Of course, the functionality of the modules may be implemented in the same one or more software and/or hardware implementations in implementing one or more embodiments of the present description.
The apparatus of the foregoing embodiment is used to implement the corresponding method in the foregoing embodiment, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiment, which are not described herein again.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a more specific hardware structure of an electronic device according to this embodiment, where the electronic device may include: a processor 1010, a memory 1020, an input/output interface 1030, a communication interface 1040, and a bus 1050. Wherein the processor 1010, memory 1020, input/output interface 1030, and communication interface 1040 are communicatively coupled to each other within the device via bus 1050.
The processor 1010 may be implemented by a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), a microprocessor, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or one or more Integrated circuits, and is configured to execute related programs to implement the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
The Memory 1020 may be implemented in the form of a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device, or the like. The memory 1020 may store an operating system and other application programs, and when the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present specification is implemented by software or firmware, the relevant program codes are stored in the memory 1020 and called to be executed by the processor 1010.
The input/output interface 1030 is used for connecting an input/output module to input and output information. The i/o module may be configured as a component in a device (not shown) or may be external to the device to provide a corresponding function. The input devices may include a keyboard, a mouse, a touch screen, a microphone, various sensors, etc., and the output devices may include a display, a speaker, a vibrator, an indicator light, etc.
The communication interface 1040 is used for connecting a communication module (not shown in the drawings) to implement communication interaction between the present apparatus and other apparatuses. The communication module can realize communication in a wired mode (such as USB, network cable and the like) and also can realize communication in a wireless mode (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth and the like).
It should be noted that although the above-mentioned device only shows the processor 1010, the memory 1020, the input/output interface 1030, the communication interface 1040 and the bus 1050, in a specific implementation, the device may also include other components necessary for normal operation. In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-described apparatus may also include only those components necessary to implement the embodiments of the present description, and not necessarily all of the components shown in the figures.
The electronic device of the foregoing embodiment is used to implement the corresponding method in the foregoing embodiment, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiment, which are not described herein again.
Computer-readable media of the present embodiments, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the discussion of any embodiment above is meant to be exemplary only, and is not intended to intimate that the scope of the disclosure, including the claims, is limited to these examples; within the spirit of the present disclosure, features from the above embodiments or from different embodiments may also be combined, steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of one or more embodiments of the present description as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.
In addition, well-known power/ground connections to Integrated Circuit (IC) chips and other components may or may not be shown in the provided figures, for simplicity of illustration and discussion, and so as not to obscure one or more embodiments of the disclosure. Furthermore, devices may be shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the understanding of one or more embodiments of the present description, and this also takes into account the fact that specifics with respect to implementation of such block diagram devices are highly dependent upon the platform within which the one or more embodiments of the present description are to be implemented (i.e., specifics should be well within purview of one skilled in the art). Where specific details (e.g., circuits) are set forth in order to describe example embodiments of the disclosure, it should be apparent to one skilled in the art that one or more embodiments of the disclosure can be practiced without, or with variation of, these specific details. Accordingly, the description is to be regarded as illustrative instead of restrictive.
While the present disclosure has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, many alternatives, modifications, and variations of these embodiments will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description. For example, other memory architectures (e.g., dynamic ram (dram)) may use the discussed embodiments.
It is intended that the one or more embodiments of the present specification embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations as fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, substitutions, improvements, and the like that may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A spectrum resource authentication and transaction method is applied to a spectrum resource authentication and transaction system, and the spectrum resource authentication and transaction system comprises:
manager nodes, participant nodes and other blockchain nodes; the participant node completes identity registration via the manager node;
the spectrum resource authentication and transaction method comprises the following steps:
and the manager node carries out identity verification on the participant node, calls a preset intelligent contract to manage the frequency spectrum transaction participated by the participant node, and carries out frequency spectrum allocation according to the frequency spectrum transaction.
2. The method for spectrum resource authentication and transaction according to claim 1, further comprising:
the manager node receives the registration application information sent by the participant node, generates a public key, a private key and a legal certificate according to the registration application information, and sends the public key, the private key and the legal certificate to the participant node.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the other block nodes store public keys and signature certificates broadcasted by the participant nodes;
the method for authenticating the identity of the participant node by the manager node specifically includes:
the manager node calls the other block chain nodes to enable the other block chain nodes to use the public key to verify whether the signature certificate is legal, if so, the other block chain nodes are continuously called to check whether the identity hash value of the participant node is unique and valid, and if so, the participant node is allowed to conduct transaction; wherein the signed certificate is signed by the participant node on the legitimate certificate using a private key of the secret key.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein said invoking the other block nodes to check whether the identity hash value of the participant node is unique and valid comprises:
the manager node checks whether the identity hash value sent by the participant node is unique, if so, the identity hash value is broadcast to the other block chain nodes, and if more than half of the other block chain nodes successfully verify the identity hash value, the identity of the participant node is valid.
5. The method for spectrum resource authentication and transaction according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent contract comprises: the system comprises a transaction statement module, a transaction support module and a payment settlement module;
the invoking of the preset intelligent contract manages the spectrum transaction participated by the participant node, and specifically includes:
the participant node calls the transaction statement module to declare identity, price and spectrum resource attribute and stores the declaration into a deposit; wherein the identities include a buyer operator, a seller operator, and a secondary user;
the manager node calls the transaction support module to carry out spectrum auction according to the statement;
the participant node calls the payment settlement module to perform payment settlement according to transaction conditions, and the manager node calls the payment settlement module to manage the payment settlement so as to realize the frequency spectrum transaction.
6. The method for spectrum resource authentication and transaction according to claim 5, wherein the manager node calls the transaction support module to perform a spectrum auction according to the declaration, and the method comprises the following steps:
after the spectrum auction between the buyer operator and the seller operator is finished, if the auction of the seller operator is not successful, the manager node opens a secondary market, and the seller operator and the secondary user perform spectrum transaction.
7. The method for spectrum resource authentication and transaction according to claim 5, wherein the manager node invokes the payment settlement module to manage the payment settlement, comprising:
and the manager node supervises spectrum allocation according to the transaction condition and checks whether the participant node has malicious behaviors, and if the participant node does not have the malicious behaviors, the participant node is allowed to recover the residual deposit.
8. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
and the manager node broadcasts the spectrum transaction process in a block chain, and makes the participant node agree on the distribution result of the spectrum transaction through a Byzantine consensus algorithm.
9. A spectrum resource authentication and transaction system, comprising: manager nodes, participant nodes and other blockchain nodes; the participant node completes identity registration via the manager node;
the manager node is configured to perform identity verification on the participant node, call a preset intelligent contract to manage the frequency spectrum transaction in which the participant node participates, and perform frequency spectrum allocation according to the frequency spectrum transaction.
10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable by the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the method according to any of claims 1 to 8 when executing the computer program.
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Application publication date: 20210611 |