CN112948352B - Method for constructing atmospheric optical turbulence space-time characteristics and probabilistic database - Google Patents
Method for constructing atmospheric optical turbulence space-time characteristics and probabilistic database Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for constructing an atmospheric optical turbulence space-time characteristic and probabilistic database, which comprises the following steps: (1) acquiring atmospheric optical turbulence profile data from the ground to about 30km height according to a turbulence weather sounding measurement system with an optical turbulence measurement module and a weather parameter measurement module; (2) forming an atmospheric optical turbulence profile data set by using a plurality of groups of atmospheric optical turbulence profile data measured in step (1) in each season in each typical climate area; (3) processing the atmospheric optical turbulence profile data set by using a big data intelligent statistical learning technology to obtain probabilistic distribution rule data of the atmospheric optical turbulence profile; (4) and integrating the atmospheric optical turbulence profile probabilistic distribution rule data of each season of each typical climate region to construct atmospheric optical turbulence space-time characteristics and a probabilistic database. The probabilistic database constructed based on the method provides scientific basis for evaluating the influence of atmospheric turbulence on optical transmission in photoelectric engineering application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for constructing atmospheric optical turbulence space-time characteristics and a probabilistic database.
Background
Structural constant of refractive index of atmosphere
Is an important parameter for representing the intensity of the atmospheric optical turbulence and is a basic parameter closely related to the design and the use of a photoelectric system. In many optoelectronic engineering designs and possible application scenarios, knowledge of atmospheric optical turbulence is required
And their distribution in order to achieve optimum performance of the photovoltaic system.
In the course of carrying out the present invention, we have found that: the natural geography and climate of China have distinct regionality, the existing foreign atmospheric optical turbulence model is not suitable for some regions of China, and the method for continuously researching the transmission effect of light beams in the atmosphere by using the foreign atmospheric optical turbulence model is not completely correct.
Therefore, the method has important practical engineering application value by establishing the atmospheric optical turbulence space-time characteristic probabilistic rule database with the characteristics of typical regions such as coastal regions, plateaus, deserts and the like in China around the requirement of laser engineering on atmospheric optical turbulence parameters in a future potential application scene, and provides important basic scientific and technological resources for the country.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for constructing atmospheric optical turbulence space-time characteristics and a probabilistic database.
Therefore, the invention provides a method for constructing an atmospheric optical turbulence space-time characteristic and probabilistic database, which comprises the following steps: (1) acquiring atmospheric optical turbulence profile data from the ground to about 30km height by depending on a turbulence weather sounding system with an optical turbulence measurement module and a weather parameter measurement module, and sending the atmospheric optical turbulence profile data to a ground receiver; (2) aiming at multiple groups of atmospheric optical turbulence measured by step (1) in seasons of typical climate areas
Profile data, constituting an atmospheric optical turbulence profile dataset; (3) according to atmospheric optical turbulence
According with the characteristic of log-normal distribution, the atmospheric optical turbulence data set is processed by utilizing a big data intelligent statistical learning method to obtain the atmospheric optical turbulence
Probability distribution rule data of the profile, wherein the probability distribution refers to atmospheric optical turbulence
80% confidence interval and 50 of mean th ，80 th ，90 th ，95 th ，99 th And the distribution rules of these percentiles; (4) integrating atmospheric optical turbulence in seasons of typical climate zones
And (3) probabilistic distribution rule data of the profile, and constructing an atmospheric optical turbulence space-time characteristic and probabilistic rule database. Atmospheric optical turbulence
The detection method of the profile data is as follows: two platinum wire micro-temperature probes with a certain distance (usually 1m) are utilized to convert the change of two-point space environment temperature into voltage change delta V, the voltage change delta V is used for calculating to obtain temperature difference delta T, and the temperature structure constant is obtained by calculating the temperature difference delta T
Finally, the temperature structure constant
Calculating to obtain the atmospheric optical turbulence
Further, in the above method, according to the locally uniform isotropic turbulence theory, two space are separated by two micro-temperature probes spaced apart by 1mThe change of point environment temperature is induced into the change of resistance value, and converted into the change of voltage by the unbalanced bridge, and the voltage change delta V is output by the voltage amplifier, namely delta V is A.DELTA.T, A is a calibration coefficient, and the temperature structure constant is constant
<>Represents ensemble averaging. Atmospheric optical turbulence
Where the pressure P is expressed in hPa, the temperature T is expressed in K, the atmospheric optical turbulence
Has the unit of m -2/3 。
Further, atmospheric optical turbulence from the ground to a height of around 30km
The profile data was acquired at 10m vertical resolution.
Further, in step (1), the turbulent meteorological sounding measurement system is utilized to collect the atmospheric optical turbulence
Besides, the system also collects the conventional meteorological parameter profile data such as temperature T, air pressure P, wind speed WS, wind direction WD, relative humidity RH and the like. The wind is measured by adopting a Beidou positioning method, the longitude, the latitude and the height of the position of the balloon are determined by utilizing a Beidou receiver arranged on a turbulence sounding measurement system, and the wind speed and the wind direction in the air are obtained through calculation. Vertical resolution of conventional meteorological parameters and atmospheric optical turbulence
The vertical resolution of the image is consistent.
Further, the typical climate areas include coastal areas, plateaus, deserts and inland hills, and the seasons include four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter.
Furthermore, the optical turbulence measurement module comprises a rod piece, two micro-temperature probes which are arranged at two ends of the rod piece at intervals of a set interval, and a data acquisition and processing unit arranged in the middle of the rod piece.
The invention provides a method for deeply excavating an atmospheric optical turbulence data set and establishing an atmospheric optical turbulence space-time characteristic and probabilistic rule database by utilizing a big data intelligent statistical learning technology and an existing research basis based on a large number of actually measured atmospheric optical turbulence data sets. The atmospheric optical turbulence space-time characteristics and the probabilistic database constructed on the basis of the method provide scientific basis and reference for evaluating the influence of atmospheric turbulence on optical transmission in photoelectric engineering application.
In addition to the above-described objects, features and advantages, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of constructing an atmospheric optical turbulence spatiotemporal feature and probabilistic database according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a detection schematic of a turbulent weather sounding measurement system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural view of an optical turbulence measurement module according to the invention;
FIG. 4 shows different percentiles of a normal distribution of an atmospheric optical turbulence profile according to the present invention, the shaded portions representing the proportion of the percentiles;
FIG. 5 illustrates a technical flow diagram for building a probabilistic database based on big data intelligent statistical learning techniques in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows an 80% confidence interval for an average of the atmospheric optical turbulence profile for a typical climate zone obtained according to the present method; and
figure 7 shows some percentiles of the atmospheric optical turbulence profiles of a certain typical climate zone obtained according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
The invention has the characteristics of strong seasonal and regional difference around the distribution rule of atmospheric optical turbulence, and provides a method for establishing an atmospheric optical turbulence space-time characteristic and probabilistic database in typical climate areas including coastal areas, plateaus, deserts and the like, which is suitable for being applied in China, according to a historical actual measurement atmospheric optical turbulence data set and a big data intelligent statistical learning technology, aiming at the problem that an existing foreign atmospheric optical turbulence model is not suitable for certain areas in China in practical engineering application.
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a method of building an atmospheric optical turbulence spatiotemporal feature and probabilistic database. As shown in FIG. 1, the method includes steps S10-S40.
S10, obtaining atmospheric optical turbulence from the ground to about 30km height by means of a turbulence weather sounding system with an optical turbulence measurement module and a weather parameter measurement module
Profile data and transmitted to a ground receiver.
S20, measuring multiple groups of atmospheric optical turbulence C by using the step S10 aiming at each typical climate region in each season n 2 Profile data, constituting an atmospheric optical turbulence profile data set.
S30 optical turbulence according to atmosphere
According with the characteristics of logarithmic normal distribution, the atmospheric optical turbulence profile data set is processed by utilizing a big data intelligent statistical learning method to obtain the atmospheric optical turbulence
Probability distribution rule data of the profile, wherein the probability distribution refers to atmospheric optical turbulence
80% confidence interval and 50 of mean th ，80 th ，90 th ，95 th ，99 th And the distribution rules of these percentiles.
S40, integrating the optical turbulence of atmosphere in each season of each typical climate area
And (3) probabilistic distribution rule data of the profile, and constructing an atmospheric optical turbulence space-time characteristic and probabilistic rule database. In which the atmosphere is optically turbulent
The detection method of the profile data is as follows: two platinum wire micro-temperature probes with a set distance (usually 1m) are utilized to convert the change of two-point space environment temperature into voltage change delta V, the voltage change delta V is used for calculating to obtain temperature difference delta T, and the temperature structure constant is calculated from the temperature difference delta T data
Finally, the temperature structure constant
Calculating to obtain the atmospheric optical turbulence
According to the method provided by the invention, the atmospheric optical turbulence space-time characteristic and probabilistic distribution rule database can be effectively established as a basic scientific and technological resource, the prediction of the transmission performance of the laser in the atmosphere under the future practical condition is met, and scientific basis and decision assistance are provided for feasibility demonstration, system design and application of a laser system.
The steps of the method are described in detail below with reference to examples.
The high altitude turbulence weather detection system consists of a sounding balloon 20, a measurement system 10 carried by the sounding balloon, a ground receiving system 30 and a big data intelligent statistical learning system 40.
The high-altitude turbulence meteorological detection system can measure the optical turbulence from the ground to the high-altitude atmosphere
And the vertical profiles of five conventional meteorological elements of air temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed and wind direction.
Atmospheric optical turbulence
The detection is performed by an optical turbulence measurement module, and the detection of temperature, air pressure and humidity is performed by a conventional meteorological parameter measurement module such as a temperature, pressure and humidity sensor measurement plate. The ground receiving system 30, which is composed of a receiving antenna and a receiver, can receive the conventional meteorological parameters and the atmospheric optical turbulence transmitted by the measuring system 10
Raw high resolution vertical profile data of equal parameters.
One-time sounding measurement can obtain the temperature, the humidity, the wind speed, the wind direction and the atmospheric optical turbulence of 30km or less
Isoparametric high resolution vertical profiles.
The detection system adopts a Beidou positioning method to measure wind, determines the longitude, the latitude and the height of the position of the balloon by utilizing a Beidou receiver arranged on the sounding balloon, and calculates the air speed and the air direction.
For the visible and near infrared bands, atmospheric refractive index fluctuations are mainly due to temperature changes. According to the theory of locally uniform isotropic turbulence, the structural constant of atmospheric temperature
The method is generally obtained by measuring the square average of the temperature difference between two points in space with the distance r through a pair of micro-temperature probes on a micro-temperature sensor.
The temperature junctionConstant of structure
Can be expressed as:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
and
represents a position vector in m, T is temperature, in K,<>represents ensemble averaging. L is 0 And l 0 Expressed as turbulence outside scale, inside scale, respectively, in m. Atmospheric optical turbulence
Structural constant of temperature
Expressed as:
wherein the unit of the air pressure P is hPa, and the structure constant of the refractive index of the atmosphere
Has the unit of m -2/3 。
The optical turbulence measurement module is constructed as shown in fig. 3, and comprises a rod 11, two micro-temperature probes 12 and 13 arranged at two ends of the rod at a set interval, and a data acquisition and processing unit 14 arranged in the middle of the rod.
Two micro-temperature probes with a certain distance (usually 1m) induce the change of the environmental temperature of two points in space into the change of resistance value, the change is converted into the change of voltage through the unbalanced bridge, the change of voltage delta V output from the voltage amplifier corresponds to a certain temperature change delta T, and A is a calibration coefficient.
ΔV＝A·ΔT-------------------------(3)
Obtained by measuring the square average of the two-point temperature difference in space according to the formulas (1) and (3)
Then, the refractive index structure constant is obtained from the formula (2)
The characteristics of the atmospheric turbulence activity and the change rule of the atmospheric turbulence activity along with the seasonality have strong regionality, and the natural environment difference of different regions is very large. A large number of measurement research results show that the conventional meteorological parameters and the atmospheric optical turbulence parameters have large differences in different regions. Therefore, there is a need to create atmospheric optical turbulence with typical climatic regional features
A space-time distribution characteristic and a probabilistic distribution database.
Specifically, a large number of turbulence sounding measurement experiments are firstly carried out on typical climate areas such as coastal areas, plateau mountainous areas, deserts, inland hills, and the like, and a plurality of groups of atmospheric optical turbulence profile data sets are obtained, such as an atmospheric optical turbulence profile data set in spring of a certain area, an atmospheric optical turbulence profile data set in autumn of a certain area, and the like.
On the basis of acquiring a plurality of groups of atmospheric optical turbulence profile data sets, each group of atmospheric optical turbulence profile data sets are subjected to statistical processing. Results of prior studies have shown optical turbulence in the atmosphere
Fitting a lognormal distribution:
in the present inventionIn the middle, according to the optical turbulence of the atmosphere
And (3) according with the lognormal distribution statistical rule of the formula (4), and combining a big data intelligent learning statistical technology to reveal the space-time distribution characteristics of the atmospheric optical turbulence profile and the probability rule thereof.
Specifically, for each profile data of the same data set, the data of the same altitude point are counted from the ground to the high altitude (or vice versa) in turn, and then the 80% confidence interval and 50% confidence interval of the average value of the whole profile are obtained th ，80 th ，90 th ，95 th ，99 th Equal percentile atmospheric optical turbulence
A distribution rule case, wherein, 50 th ，80 th ，90 th ，95 th ，99 th The equal percentile represents the area of the probability density normal distribution corresponding to the percentile. Fig. 4 shows examples of different percentiles of a normal distribution, the shaded portion representing the proportion of the percentile.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, a plurality of sets of data sets collected by a large number of turbulence sounding experiment are performed in typical climatic regions such as coastal regions (e.g. Rongcheng, Taizhou, Sanyo, Haikou), plateau mountainous regions (e.g. Tengchong), deserts (e.g. Guelder, Dunhuang), inland hills (e.g. Hefei), and the like according to the atmospheric optical turbulence
According with the lognormal distribution statistical rule of the formula (4), combining a big data intelligent learning statistical technology, deeply excavating a large amount of historically measured atmospheric optical turbulence data sets, revealing the space-time distribution characteristics of the atmospheric optical turbulence profile and the probability rule thereof, and establishing 80% confidence intervals and 50% confidence intervals of the average values of the atmospheric optical turbulence profile in typical regions such as coastal regions, plateau mountainous regions, deserts, inland hills and the like in China th ，80 th ，90 th ，95 th ，99 th Equal percentile spatio-temporal features and their generalizationAnd (5) normalizing a rule database.
Fig. 6 shows the 80% confidence interval of the average of the atmospheric optical turbulence profile for a typical climate zone, and fig. 7 shows some percentiles of the atmospheric optical turbulence profile for a typical climate zone.
According to the method provided by the invention, an atmospheric optical turbulence space-time characteristic and probabilistic distribution rule database can be effectively established as a basic scientific and technological resource, the prediction of laser transmission performance in the atmosphere under the future practical condition can be met, and scientific basis and decision assistance are provided for feasibility demonstration, system design and application of a laser system.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for constructing an atmospheric optical turbulence space-time characteristic and probabilistic database is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the turbulence meteorological sounding system with an optical turbulence measurement module and a meteorological parameter measurement module is used for acquiring the atmospheric optical turbulence from the ground to the height of about 30km
Profile data is sent to a ground receiver;
(2) aiming at multiple groups of atmospheric optical turbulence measured by step (1) in seasons of typical climate areas
Profile data, constituting an atmospheric optical turbulence profile dataset;
(3) according to atmospheric optical turbulence
According with the characteristics of lognormal distribution, the atmospheric optical turbulence profile data set is processed by utilizing a big data intelligent statistical learning technology to obtain the atmospheric optical turbulence
Probability distribution rule data of the profile, wherein the probability distribution refers to atmospheric optical turbulence
An 80% confidence interval of the profile mean and a distribution of a number of percentiles, the number of percentiles comprising 50 th ，80 th ，90 th ，95 th ，99 th ；
(4) Integrating atmospheric optical turbulence in seasons of typical climate zones
Probability distribution rule data of the profile, constructing space-time characteristics of atmospheric optical turbulence and a probability rule database,
atmospheric optical turbulence
The detection method of the profile data is as follows: converting the change of two-point space environment temperature into voltage change delta V by two platinum wire micro-temperature probes at a certain distance, calculating the voltage change delta V to obtain temperature difference delta T, and calculating the temperature difference delta T to obtain the atmospheric temperature structural constant
Finally, the temperature structure constant
Calculating to obtain the atmospheric optical turbulence
According to local areaAccording to the uniform isotropic turbulence theory, two micro-temperature probes with a distance of 1m are used for inducing the change of the environmental temperature of two points in space into the change of resistance values, the change is converted into the change of voltage through an unbalanced bridge, and then the voltage amplifier outputs the change of voltage delta V, namely delta V is A.DELTA T, and A is a calibration coefficient; temperature structure constant
<>Represents an ensemble average; atmospheric optical turbulence
Where the pressure P is expressed in hPa, the temperature T is expressed in K, the atmospheric optical turbulence
Has the unit of m -2/3 。
2. Method for constructing an atmospheric optical turbulence spatiotemporal feature and probabilistic database according to claim 1, characterized in that the atmospheric optical turbulence ranges from ground level to a height of around 30km
The profile data was acquired at 10m vertical resolution.
3. The method for constructing the spatiotemporal features and probabilistic database of atmospheric optical turbulence according to claim 1, wherein the step (1) of using the turbulent weather sounding measurement system is performed in addition to the collection of the atmospheric optical turbulence
In addition to the profile data, several conventional meteorological parameter profile data are collected simultaneously, said several conventional meteorological parameter profile data comprising profile data of temperature T, barometric pressure P, wind speed WS, wind direction WD and relative humidity RH, wherein the vertical resolution of the conventional meteorological parameters and the atmospheric optical turbulence
The vertical resolution of the image is consistent.
4. The method for constructing the atmospheric optical turbulence space-time characteristic and probability database as claimed in claim 3, wherein the wind is measured by Beidou positioning method, the longitude, latitude and altitude of the balloon position are determined by Beidou receiver installed on the turbulence sounding measurement system, and the wind speed WS and the wind direction WD in the air are obtained by calculation.
5. The method for constructing the atmospheric optical turbulence spatiotemporal features and probabilistic database as claimed in claim 1, wherein the typical climate region comprises coastal region, plateau region, desert region, inland hills, and the seasons comprise four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter.
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