CN112946533A - Distribution transformer state monitoring and fault diagnosis device - Google Patents

Distribution transformer state monitoring and fault diagnosis device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112946533A
CN112946533A CN202110386785.0A CN202110386785A CN112946533A CN 112946533 A CN112946533 A CN 112946533A CN 202110386785 A CN202110386785 A CN 202110386785A CN 112946533 A CN112946533 A CN 112946533A
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China
Prior art keywords
distribution transformer
module
unit
fault diagnosis
monitoring
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CN202110386785.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
韩万里
黄晨宏
傅铭
胡达
王辉
蔡晔
陈子豪
郑真
汪笃红
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State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202110386785.0A priority Critical patent/CN112946533A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/62Testing of transformers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01KMEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K11/00Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
    • G01K11/32Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/12Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
    • G01R31/1209Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing using acoustic measurements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/72Testing of electric windings

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Testing Relating To Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a distribution transformer state monitoring and fault diagnosis device which comprises a distribution transformer state monitoring module, an A/D (analog/digital) conversion module, an MCU (microprogrammed control unit) control processing module, a fault diagnosis output module, a remote wireless communication module, an HMI (human machine interface) man-machine interaction module and a POE (power over Ethernet) power supply module, wherein the distribution transformer state monitoring module comprises a distribution transformer characteristic gas monitoring unit, a distribution transformer winding temperature monitoring unit, a distribution transformer partial discharge monitoring unit and a distribution transformer dielectric loss monitoring unit, the distribution transformer state monitoring module, the A/D conversion module, the MCU control processing module and the fault diagnosis output module are sequentially connected, and the remote wireless communication module, the HMI man-machine interaction module and the POE power supply module are respectively connected with the MCU control processing module. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of strong functionality, high reliability, multiple real-time monitoring parameter types, strong stability and high monitoring precision, and can accurately identify various common faults of the distribution transformer.

Description

Distribution transformer state monitoring and fault diagnosis device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fault diagnosis of distribution equipment, in particular to a state monitoring and fault diagnosis device for a distribution transformer.
Background
The power transformer is one of the core devices which have been started and shut down in the power system, and the safe and reliable operation of the power transformer directly influences the safety and stability of the whole power system. At present, most of state monitoring and fault diagnosis devices for power transformers are biased to high-voltage power transformers of 35kV or above, and research on state monitoring design and fault diagnosis of distribution transformers of 10kV or below is not promoted and applied correspondingly.
With the deep progress of intelligent power distribution network construction, higher requirements are provided for the state monitoring and fault diagnosis of the distribution transformer of 10kV or below. On one hand, the installation sites of distribution transformers of 10kV and below are mostly located outdoors, the working environment is much worse than that of high-voltage power transformers of 35kV and above, the probability of failure is high, the number of the distribution transformers of 10kV and below is large, and the distribution range is extremely wide; on the other hand, planned maintenance is generally adopted for maintenance of distribution transformers of 10kV or below, the problems of poor maintenance pertinence, unclear primary and secondary, rigid maintenance mode and the like exist, a large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources are wasted, the utilization rate of the distribution transformers and the power supply reliability of a power grid are reduced, and the overall economic benefit of the power grid is seriously influenced. Meanwhile, the distribution transformer of 10kV or below is almost rarely provided with an online state monitoring device with a fault diagnosis function, and the diagnosis device has the defects of simple function, low precision, poor real-time performance, poor stability, single monitoring parameter and the like, and can not reliably and accurately identify the common fault type of the distribution transformer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a distribution transformer state monitoring and fault diagnosis device which can detect faults of a distribution transformer of 10kV or below.
One technical scheme for achieving the above purpose is as follows: the utility model provides a distribution transformer state monitoring and fault diagnosis device, a serial communication port, including distribution transformer state monitoring module, AD digital analog conversion module, MCU control processing module, fault diagnosis output module, long-range wireless communication module, HMI human-computer interaction module and POE power module, distribution transformer state monitoring module include distribution transformer characteristic gas monitoring unit, distribution transformer winding temperature monitoring unit, distribution transformer partial discharge monitoring unit and distribution transformer dielectric loss monitoring unit, distribution transformer state monitoring module, AD digital analog conversion module, MCU control processing module and fault diagnosis output module link to each other in proper order, long-range wireless communication module, HMI human-computer interaction module and POE power module link to each other with MCU control processing module respectively.
Furthermore, the distribution transformer characteristic gas monitoring unit comprises a distribution transformer oil-gas separation unit and an optical fiber gas sensor array unit.
Furthermore, the distribution transformer winding temperature monitoring unit comprises a sawtooth wave filter unit, a fiber grating temperature sensor measuring unit, a photoelectric detector receiving unit and a signal conditioning unit.
Furthermore, the distribution transformer partial discharge monitoring unit comprises a piezoelectric type ultrasonic sensor unit, a pre-amplification unit and a filtering amplification unit.
Furthermore, the distribution transformer dielectric loss monitoring unit comprises a distribution transformer three-phase voltage unit, a distribution transformer reference voltage acquisition unit, a distribution transformer three-phase current acquisition unit and a distribution transformer analog signal conditioning unit.
Furthermore, the A/D digital-to-analog conversion module adopts an ADS8344 digital-to-analog conversion chip.
Furthermore, the MCU control processing module adopts an STM32H747 main control chip.
Furthermore, the fault diagnosis output module adopts a GRU neural network algorithm to identify common faults of dissolved gas in oil, winding temperature faults, partial discharge faults and grounding current faults of the distribution transformer.
Further, the POE power supply module comprises a PSE power supply end part and a PE power receiving end part, wherein the PE power receiving end part adopts an AMS1117-5.0 voltage conversion chip.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the distribution transformer state monitoring module in the device comprises a distribution transformer characteristic gas monitoring unit, a winding temperature monitoring unit, a partial discharge monitoring unit and a dielectric loss monitoring unit, covers almost all common fault state parameters of the distribution transformer, and completely meets the requirements of real-time state monitoring and fault diagnosis of the distribution transformer under an intelligent distribution network. The fiber bragg grating temperature sensor in the winding temperature monitoring unit makes up the disadvantage that the insulation of the transformer is damaged by the traditional direct measurement method, a power supply is not needed, the accuracy and the stability are very high, and the method is particularly suitable for outdoor places with severe environments; the piezoelectric ultrasonic sensor in the partial discharge monitoring unit makes up the disadvantage that the traditional partial discharge monitoring method is interfered by electromagnetic interference, has the advantages of high precision, strong anti-interference capability and the like, and can also accurately position the discharge position of the distribution transformer.
(2) The POE power module of the device of the invention is a technology which adopts an Ethernet twisted pair to transmit data and provide direct current without changing any architecture on the basis of the existing Ethernet Cat-5 twisted pair wiring, and has the following advantages: seamless integration with standard Ethernet architecture can be realized; the complex installation of alternating current power supply is avoided, and the installation and construction cost is effectively reduced; the remote monitoring of the distribution transformer can be realized; the AMS1117-5.0 voltage conversion chip can completely meet the working voltage required by each module.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a distribution transformer status monitoring and fault diagnosis apparatus according to the present invention;
the reference numbers in the figures indicate:
1. distribution transformer state monitoring module, 11, distribution transformer characteristic gas monitoring unit, 12, distribution transformer winding temperature monitoring unit, 13, distribution transformer partial discharge monitoring unit, 14, distribution transformer dielectric loss monitoring unit 14, 111, distribution transformer oil-gas separation unit, 112, optical fiber gas sensor array
The unit, 121, sawtooth wave filter unit, 122, fiber grating temperature sensor measuring unit, 123, photoelectric detector receiving unit, 124, signal conditioning unit, 131, piezoelectric type ultrasonic sensor unit, 132, preamplification unit, 133, filtering amplification unit, 141, distribution transformer three-phase voltage unit, 142, distribution transformer reference voltage acquisition unit, 143, distribution transformer three-phase current unit, 144, distribution transformer three-phase current acquisition unit, 145, distribution transformer analog signal conditioning unit, 2, A/D digital-to-analog conversion module, 3, MCU control processing module, 4, fault diagnosis output module, 5, long-range wireless communication module, 6, HMI man-machine interaction module, 7, POE power module.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description is made by specific examples:
referring to fig. 1, the present invention relates to a distribution transformer state monitoring and fault diagnosis device, which includes a distribution transformer state monitoring module 1, an a/D digital-to-analog conversion module 2, an MCU control processing module 3, a fault diagnosis output module 4, a remote wireless communication module 5, an HMI human-machine interaction module 6, and a POE power module 7:
(1) distribution transformer state monitoring module 1: including distribution transformer characteristic gas monitoring unit 11, distribution transformer winding temperature monitoring unit 12, distribution transformer partial discharge monitoring unit 13 and distribution transformer dielectric loss monitoring unit 14, wherein:
the distribution transformer characteristic gas monitoring unit 11 comprises a distribution transformer oil-gas separation unit 111 and a fiber gas sensor array unit 112;
preferably, the specific monitoring process of the distribution transformer characteristic gas monitoring unit 11 is as follows: firstly, the oil-gas separation unit 111 of the distribution transformer is arranged at the position where the oil of the distribution transformer flows smoothly, and then the characteristic gas (H) dissolved in the oil of the distribution transformer is absorbed by the permeable membrane2、CH4、C2H2、C2H4、 C2H6、CO、CO2Etc.), and finally the fiber gas sensor array unit 112 will capture the characteristic gas separated into the gas chamber and convert the gas signal into an electrical signal that can be recognized and processed by the MCU control processing module 3.
The distribution transformer winding temperature monitoring unit 12 comprises a sawtooth wave filter unit 121, a fiber bragg grating temperature sensor measuring unit 122, a photoelectric detector receiving unit 123 and a signal conditioning unit 124;
preferably, the specific monitoring process of the distribution transformer winding temperature monitoring unit 12 is as follows: firstly, the distribution transformer winding temperature monitoring unit 12 is installed on the distribution transformer three-phase winding (6 windings in total), then the piezoelectric body in the sawtooth wave filter unit 121 continuously scans the free spectrum on the distribution transformer three-phase winding, at this time, if the central wavelength in the fiber grating temperature sensor measuring unit 122 is equal to the wavelength in the sawtooth wave filter unit 121, the photoelectric detector receiving unit 123 can detect and receive the optical signal from the fiber grating temperature sensor measuring unit 122, and finally, the optical signal in the photoelectric detector receiving unit 123 is converted into the electric signal which can be identified and processed by the MCU control processing module 3 through the signal conditioning unit 124.
The distribution transformer partial discharge monitoring unit 13 comprises a piezoelectric ultrasonic sensor unit 131, a pre-amplification unit 132 and a filtering amplification unit 133;
preferably, the partial discharge monitoring unit 13 of the distribution transformer specifically monitors the following processes: firstly, the distribution transformer partial discharge monitoring unit 13 is installed on the wall of the distribution transformer oil tank, then the piezoelectric ultrasonic sensor unit 131 can detect the ultrasonic signal when the distribution transformer is partially discharged, and finally the ultrasonic signal is amplified by the pre-amplification unit 132 and filtered and amplified by the filtering and amplification unit 133, so that the distribution transformer partial discharge ultrasonic signal with lower loss and higher quality can be obtained and converted into the electric signal which can be identified and processed by the MCU control processing module 3.
The distribution transformer dielectric loss monitoring unit 14 comprises a distribution transformer three-phase voltage unit 141, a distribution transformer reference voltage acquisition unit 142, a distribution transformer three-phase current unit 143, a distribution transformer three-phase current acquisition unit 144 and a distribution transformer analog signal conditioning unit 145;
preferably, the specific monitoring process of the distribution transformer dielectric loss monitoring unit 14 is as follows: firstly, the distribution transformer dielectric loss monitoring unit 14 is installed near a distribution transformer high-voltage insulating sleeve, then a current sensor in the distribution transformer three-phase current acquisition unit 144 acquires active current signals and reactive current signals from a high-voltage insulating sleeve lead-out wire in the distribution transformer three-phase current unit 143, meanwhile, a voltage sensor in the distribution transformer reference voltage acquisition unit 142 acquires reference voltage signals from a secondary terminal box in the distribution transformer three-phase voltage unit 141, and finally, the current signals in the distribution transformer three-phase current acquisition unit 144 and the voltage signals in the distribution transformer reference voltage acquisition unit 142 are simultaneously transmitted to the distribution transformer analog signal conditioning unit 145, so that electric signals capable of being identified and processed by the MCU control processing module 3 can be obtained.
(2) The A/D digital-to-analog conversion module 2: adopt ADS8344 digital-to-analog conversion chip, can further improve the real-time collection efficiency and the conversion precision of data on STM32H747 main control chip basis, main technical parameter: the number of input channels is 8; the working temperature is-40 to +85 ℃; maximum sampling rate 100 ksps; the resolution is 16 bits; the working voltage is 2.7V-5.25V.
(3) MCU control processing module 3: the STM32H747 main control chip is adopted, and has dual-core functions of a Cortex-M4 core of a single-precision floating point unit and a Cortex-M7 core of a double-precision floating point unit, and 35 communication interfaces are provided. In terms of performance, the performance of the system has ART technology and L1 cache technology, and the performance score of the DMIPS is up to 3220; 22 32-bit timers and 16-bit timers are provided, and the highest operation clock can reach 480 MHz; simultaneously supports various memories such as NOR, SRAM, Compact Flash, SDRAM and the like, and has a flexible 32-bit parallel interface memory controller; the working voltage is 1.62V-3.6V.
(4) The fault diagnosis output module 4: the GRU neural network algorithm can accurately identify common dissolved gas faults, winding temperature faults, partial discharge faults, grounding current faults and the like in oil of the distribution transformer;
preferably, the Neural Network of the Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) adopted by the fault diagnosis output module 4 is a variant of a Long Short-Term Memory Network (LSTM), and is also a special Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), which not only makes up for the defect of RNN in the problem of gradient explosion, but also optimizes the LSTM, has a better training effect than the LSTM, and is a Neural Network algorithm popular in the field of deep learning at present.
(5) The remote wireless communication module 5: the GPRS wireless communication technology is adopted, and the method has the advantages of low data delay, stable network signals, wide coverage range, low equipment communication cost and the like. Meanwhile, the GTM900-C GPRS wireless communication module produced by Huashi corporation is selected, so that the method has the advantages of high cost performance, low repair rate and the like, and has the following main technical parameters: GSM1800/EGSM900 dual band; the working temperature is-30 to +75 ℃; the receiving sensitivity is < -106 dBm; the device is provided with interfaces such as an SIM card, an Audio, a USB, a UART and the like; the working voltage is 3.4V-4.7V.
(6) HMI human machine interaction Module 6: the HMI displayer which is produced by German Siemens and has the model number of 8 inch 66643-0CB01-1AX1 MP277-8 has the advantages of high protection level, strong compatibility, strong function, strong environment tolerance capability, high cost performance and the like.
(7) POE power module 7: on the basis of the existing Ethernet Cat-5 twisted pair wiring, the technology that one Ethernet twisted pair can transmit data and simultaneously provide direct current is adopted without changing any architecture,
comprising a PSE power supply part and a PE power receiving part. The PSE power supply end part can control the voltage and the current of the output end and can also play a role in power supply management; the PE power receiving end part adopts an AMS1117-5.0 voltage conversion chip for receiving the power supply of the PSE power supply end part and simultaneously converting the voltage into the working voltage required by the modules such as the A/D digital-to-analog conversion module 2, the MCU control processing module 3, the remote wireless communication module 5, the LED display module 6 and the like. The AMS1117-5.0 voltage conversion chip has the main technical parameters as follows: maximum input voltage 18V; the working temperature is-20 ℃ to +125 ℃; the fixed output voltage is 1.5V, 1.8V, 2.5V, 2.85V, 3.0V, 3.3V, 5.0V and the like, and the working voltage required by each module is completely met.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and are not to be used as a limitation of the present invention, and that changes and modifications to the above described embodiments are within the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a distribution transformer state monitoring and fault diagnosis device, a serial communication port, including distribution transformer state monitoring module, AD digital analog conversion module, MCU control processing module, fault diagnosis output module, long-range wireless communication module, HMI human-computer interaction module and POE power module, distribution transformer state monitoring module include distribution transformer characteristic gas monitoring unit, distribution transformer winding temperature monitoring unit, distribution transformer partial discharge monitoring unit and distribution transformer dielectric loss monitoring unit, distribution transformer state monitoring module, AD digital analog conversion module, MCU control processing module and fault diagnosis output module link to each other in proper order, long-range wireless communication module, HMI human-computer interaction module and POE power module link to each other with MCU control processing module respectively.
2. The distribution transformer condition monitoring and fault diagnosis device according to claim 1, wherein the distribution transformer characteristic gas monitoring unit comprises a distribution transformer oil-gas separation unit and a fiber gas sensor array unit.
3. The distribution transformer state monitoring and fault diagnosis device according to claim 1, wherein the distribution transformer winding temperature monitoring unit comprises a sawtooth filter unit, a fiber grating temperature sensor measuring unit, a photodetector receiving unit and a signal conditioning unit.
4. The distribution transformer condition monitoring and fault diagnosis device according to claim 1, wherein the distribution transformer partial discharge monitoring unit comprises a piezoelectric ultrasonic sensor unit, a pre-amplification unit and a filtering and amplification unit.
5. The distribution transformer state monitoring and fault diagnosis device according to claim 1, wherein the distribution transformer dielectric loss monitoring unit comprises a distribution transformer three-phase voltage unit, a distribution transformer reference voltage obtaining unit, a distribution transformer three-phase current collecting unit and a distribution transformer analog signal conditioning unit.
6. The distribution transformer condition monitoring and fault diagnosis device of claim 1, wherein the a/D digital-to-analog conversion module employs an ADS8344 digital-to-analog conversion chip.
7. The distribution transformer state monitoring and fault diagnosis device of claim 1, wherein the MCU control processing module adopts an STM32H747 main control chip.
8. The distribution transformer state monitoring and fault diagnosis device according to claim 1, wherein the fault diagnosis output module identifies common oil dissolved gas faults, winding temperature faults, partial discharge faults and ground current faults of the distribution transformer by using a GRU neural network algorithm.
9. The device of claim 1, wherein the POE power module comprises a PSE power supply portion and a PE power receiving portion, wherein the PE power receiving portion employs an AMS1117-5.0 voltage conversion chip.
CN202110386785.0A 2021-04-12 2021-04-12 Distribution transformer state monitoring and fault diagnosis device Pending CN112946533A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113740778A (en) * 2021-09-06 2021-12-03 长春工业大学 Fault diagnosis device and method for 500kV high-power transformer for power plant
CN114089118A (en) * 2021-11-24 2022-02-25 重庆大学 Intelligent substation fault positioning method based on gated cyclic unit network
CN114485540A (en) * 2022-01-20 2022-05-13 西安交通大学 Method and system for rapidly acquiring deformation degree and position of transformer winding
CN114492636A (en) * 2022-01-26 2022-05-13 上海交通大学 Transformer winding state signal acquisition system

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113740778A (en) * 2021-09-06 2021-12-03 长春工业大学 Fault diagnosis device and method for 500kV high-power transformer for power plant
CN114089118A (en) * 2021-11-24 2022-02-25 重庆大学 Intelligent substation fault positioning method based on gated cyclic unit network
CN114089118B (en) * 2021-11-24 2022-08-05 重庆大学 Intelligent substation fault positioning method based on gated cyclic unit network
CN114485540A (en) * 2022-01-20 2022-05-13 西安交通大学 Method and system for rapidly acquiring deformation degree and position of transformer winding
CN114492636A (en) * 2022-01-26 2022-05-13 上海交通大学 Transformer winding state signal acquisition system
CN114492636B (en) * 2022-01-26 2023-11-24 上海交通大学 Transformer winding state signal acquisition system

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