A kind of vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system, belong to on-line monitoring technique field.
Background technology
Vacuum switch is extremely promising a kind of switching device in low pressure and middle pressure field.Vacuum switch, as the switchgear of a new generation advanced person, is widely used in the current electric network reconstruction of China.The vacuum degree of vacuum switch arc control device is one of principal elements determining its electric property, the deterioration of vacuum degree in arc control device, not only reduce the ability of vacuum switch withstand long term exposure system voltage and in running, tolerate inside and outside superpotential ability, and extremely difficulty open failure electric current effectively, therefore, in the urgent need to monitoring the vacuum degree of vacuum switch in operation.
At present, concerning the method for testing of vacuum degree of vacuum switch from large aspect, off-line monitoring and the large class of on-line monitoring two can be divided into.
The method of off-line monitoring has a lot, and develops to obtain also comparative maturity; Wherein, magnetic control discharge method is a kind of repeatability method for quantitative measuring preferably.The maximum drawback of off-line monitoring is exactly this detection method must be detect under powering-off state, can not Real-Time Monitoring vacuum degree, truly cannot get rid of the danger caused because vacuum degree reduces.
And on-line monitoring is owing under the prerequisite of not changing switch main body structure and running status, will monitor the change of its vacuum degree at any time, therefore, the direct measurement of vacuum degree be realized, also there is a lot of difficult points.
Indirect method for vacuum degree on-line monitoring mainly contains electro-optical conversion method, coupling capacitance method etc.
Electro-optical conversion method is based on " electro optic effect " principle, utilize some optical element such as Pockels element can change optical property in the electric field, thus the electric field change corresponding with vacuum degree is converted to the change of luminous flux, but the subject matter of the method to be the poor work stability of optical element, cost high.
Coupling capacitance method puts forward according to measurement of partial discharge principle.If when the band electrical contact of tested vacuum interrupter declines to the compressive resistance between intershield cover because vacuum degree reduces, then when power-frequency voltage rises to a certain value from zero point, discharge with the equivalent capacitance between electrical contact and radome, this local discharge signal is popped one's head in by the partial discharge of two between radome and grounding box shell and is carried out on-line monitoring.The subject matter of this method is that the sensitivity that it is measured needs to verify further.
In addition, common vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber method of testing also has: the criterion, magnetic control discharge method etc. of the change of industrial frequency withstand voltage method, observation, spark meter method, getter color.
Generally speaking, vacuum degree on-line monitoring obtains sampled voltage at high-pressure side by sample resistance place as shown in Figure 1, then, completed by signals collecting, transmission, process, display.Comprise the transmission channel of two from signals collecting end to signal transacting end, one is signal transmission pathway, and an other road is luminous energy transmission channel.Because collection terminal is in a high-pressure side, there is the possibility of leaking high pressure, once break down, high voltage channels to low-pressure side, the damage of all components and parts of secondary low-voltage side loop can be caused, and easily great threat is caused safely to the life of operating personnel, so effective high_voltage isolation measure by force must be increased in operating personnel side, to ensure the safety of equipment and operating personnel.The high_voltage isolation of signal transmission pathway is relatively easy, and as passed through infrared mode or optical fiber solutions, the power supply of Power supply transmission channel is then cumbersome, and it is almost unpractical that transformer with small volume will isolate so high voltage.
If application number is CN00210754.6, Authorization Notice No. is CN2409528, name is called the Chinese utility model patent of " the online vacuum monitoring device of 10KV vacuum switch ", it discloses a kind of vacuum switch on-Line Monitor Device, comprise signal amplification, process, decoding, driving, circuit and radix, subnumber digital-scroll technique circuit and warning circuit, this vacuum monitoring device can vacuum pressure in three vacuum tubes in monitoring switch cabinet at any time, and it is shown simultaneously and when vacuum switch intraductal pressure rises to predetermined value, can alarm signal be sent.
But, in this disclosure file, also there is following some shortcomings part:
1. this system is formed primarily of signal mode number conversion, decoding, drive circuit, display circuit at different levels, warning circuit; Whole complex circuit, reliability is not high, and interference free performance is weak;
2. directly input after filtering after signals collecting, system finally comes the current each phase vacuum degree of Circulating fibrocytes and corresponding vacuum level by the mode of charactron and light-emitting diode, intuitively can not show three-phase vacuum degree and corresponding vacuum level.
And for example application number is 201210039152.3, name is called the Chinese invention patent of " a kind of vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system ", it discloses, the vacuum degree transducing signal of reflection vacuum degree of vacuum switch is obtained by sample resistance at high-pressure side, then be converted to the vacuum degree sensing data of numeral by signal acquiring board, the vacuum degree sensing data collected is sent by infrared signal; Received from the infrared signal of high-pressure side by IR signal reception module at low-pressure end, obtain the vacuum degree sensing data gathered, and be transferred to signal transacting, display circuit board processes, demonstrate the vacuum degree of vacuum switch of monitoring, realize on-line monitoring.Comprise the transmission channel of two in the present invention, one is signal transmission pathway, and an other road is luminous energy transmission channel, achieves high-pressure side and the signals collecting end electrical isolation to low-pressure end and operating personnel side, improves the fail safe of operation.
But, in this disclosure file, also there is following some shortcomings part:
1. this on-line monitoring system is the collection carrying out a point on voltage range, and then compares with each step voltage, finally shows, has accidental error, and accidental error can bring mistake display;
2. adopt common acquisition chip, do not reach collection requirement;
3., as shown in Figure 1, in signal acquisition module, the ground end of sampled signal voltage is used as virtually by sample resistance away from one end of the earth---negative input, and near the signal positive input in the earth one end.For one, as figure, shown in 2 after three-phase sampled signal enters collection plate, because the ground end of collection plate only has one---publicly, the earth also only has one, if directly by the negative terminal of three-phase signal and connecting together publicly on collection plate; As shown in Figure 3, this will cause the sample of signal loop of three-phase to form a parallel port; This will cause mutual interference, and three-phase sampled signal will occur to change completely, cannot reflect real signal(l)ing condition, cause the data of Real-Time Monitoring inaccurate.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: a kind of vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system is provided, solve existing on-line monitoring system fail safe not high, especially there is accidental error and the technical problem that is easily interfered of signals collecting, thus can effectively solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
The object of the invention is to be realized by following technical proposals: a kind of vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system, comprising:
One all range sensor, in order to obtain the high pressure transducing signal of vacuum degree of vacuum switch;
One three-phase ion column, one end is connected with the high pressure transducing signal of all range sensor, and the other end connects the earth, and its sample resistance two ends are as signals collecting end, obtains the vacuum degree transducing signal of reflection vacuum degree of vacuum switch;
One signal transacting, display circuit board;
One LED circuitboard and a silicon light solar panel, signal transacting, display circuit board are that LED circuitboard is powered, lumination of light emitting diode in it, electric energy is made to be converted to luminous energy, silicon photocell in silicon light solar panel receives illumination, then makes transform light energy be electric energy;
Also comprise a pair of gating switch, be arranged on signal transmission passage, before entering signal acquisition module after sample of signal.
The existence of this double-gate switch solves if existing application number is 201210039152.3, the problem that between the three-phase existed in the Chinese invention patent that name is called " a kind of vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system ", signal disturbs mutually.
One signal acquisition module, is adopted high precision collecting chip to gather the signal of telecommunication, the data after process is sent by infrared transmitting terminal, infrared transmission path and light-emitting diode energy transmission paths are isolated meanwhile;
One signal processing module, by the digital signal received from signal acquisition module, carries out signal transacting, averages, shows and Real-Time Monitoring.
As a kind of optimal way, single-chip microcomputer is provided with human-computer interaction module and liquid crystal display; Described single-chip microcomputer is connected with double-gate switch.
As further preferred embodiment, this double-gate switch select produced by U.S. ADI ADG888:0.4 Ω, CMOS, binary channels double-point double-throw switch device.It has low-power consumption (<0.1 μ W) and small size property, and in operating temperature range (-40 DEG C to+125 DEG C), conducting resistance is less than 0.6 Ω.
As further preferred embodiment, the main controller of single-chip microcomputer adopts American TI process chip MSP430F149 or MSP430F122.
As further preferred embodiment, described three-phase ion column comprises insulation crust, is fastened on series resistance, parallel resistance, diode, sample resistance and isolation resistance in insulation crust successively.
As further preferred embodiment, the silicon photocell of silicon light solar panel obtains the storage capacitor charging in energy backward signal acquisition module; After the voltage on storage capacitor reaches predetermined value, signal acquisition module is started working, carry out signals collecting, and the data collected are sent to LED array circuit board by infrared transmitting terminal, LED array circuit board transfers signals to signal transacting, display circuit board.
As further preferred embodiment, signal transacting, display circuit board receive the signal of several signal acquisition module continuously, and are temporally carried out by the signal collected storing, to show and on request to host computer transmission.
This on-line monitoring system adds double-gate switch enter acquisition module after sample of signal before, and whenever only have the closed connection of the gating switch of a phase, two-phase all disconnects in addition, has thoroughly cut off coupling path, ensure that the correctness of signal.
In addition, all physics voltage signals are all converted into digital signal, physics digital, then by averaging after transmission, thus eliminating the mistake display that accidental error brings, adopting high-precision acquisition chip simultaneously, the data processed are sent by infrared transmitting terminal, infrared transmission path and light-emitting diode energy transmission paths are isolated simultaneously, make there is no mutual interference between the two energy pathway, ensure the required precision of Signal transmissions.
In sum, this vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system ensure that isolates with the high-voltage electrical apparatus of primary side, ensure the life safety of secondary side operating personnel, simultaneously, the isolation of two-way transmission channel effectively can eliminate interference therebetween, improve the transmission precision of signal, the transmission error of erasure signal, real achieves and high-pressure side electrical isolation, high-precision online vacuum degree signal acquiring system.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention: vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system of the present invention possesses following advantage:
1. between signal acquisition module and signal processing module signal with infrared mode transmission, solve once with the physical isolation problem of secondary circuit, eliminate potential safety hazard;
2. due to the particularity in signals collecting loop, signal transmission passage adds double-gate switch, by the action of Single-chip Controlling gating switch, section is any time made to only have a phase signals to be in connected state, two-phase is all in high-impedance state in addition, namely cut off state, completely eliminate the mutual interference between signals collecting end three-phase, realize the correct reading of three-phase signal;
3. adopt singlechip technology, make simple in circuits, highly integrated, improve reliability and the anti-interference of whole system;
4. substitute original charactron and light-emitting diode by LCDs, display three-phase vacuum degree directly perceived and corresponding vacuum level.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the ion column figure of existing on-line monitoring system;
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of existing on-line monitoring system signal acquisition module;
Fig. 3 is the parallel port that the meeting of existing on-line monitoring system three-phase signal sampling loop formation is disturbed mutually;
Fig. 4 is the physical cabling figure of vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the system flow chart of vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the passage that sample of signal loop of the present invention is formed;
Fig. 7 is the system construction drawing of existing on-line monitoring system.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
All features disclosed in this specification, or the step in disclosed all methods or process, except the speciality mutually repelled and/or step, all can combine by any way, unless specifically stated otherwise, all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar object, namely, unless specifically stated otherwise, an embodiment in a series of equivalence of each feature or similar characteristics.
As shown in figs. 4-7, vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system of the present invention comprises following critical piece:
Double-gate switch, before entering signal acquisition module after being arranged at sample of signal; By the action of Single-chip Controlling gating switch, realize the correct reading of three-phase signal, eliminate the mutual interference between signals collecting end three-phase.The existence of this double-gate switch solves if existing application number is 201210039152.3, name is called the problem that between the three-phase that exists in the Chinese invention patent of " a kind of vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system ", signal disturbs mutually, in the present invention, as shown in Figure 6, the way that employing adds gating switch at signal input part is solved, that is: when acquisition module is started working, by Single-chip Controlling gating switch, wherein one be conducted, two-phase disconnects in addition, the signal collected after the filtering, follower is entered through gating switch, again AD digital-to-analogue conversion is carried out to signal, finally the signal of this phase feeding single-chip microcomputer is completed the collection to this phase data, circulate successively by the sequential set in advance, just complete the collecting work of three-phase signal, and successfully avoid the problem of interference mutually between three-phase, ensure that the correctness of image data and the reliability of system.In addition due to circuit requirement low-voltage, low-power consumption, there is significant limitation to the selection of device.
Specifically, select produced by U.S. ADI ADG888:0.4 Ω, CMOS, binary channels double-point double-throw switch device.It has low-power consumption (<0.1 μ W) and small size property, and in operating temperature range (-40 DEG C to+125 DEG C), conducting resistance is less than 0.6 Ω.
Single-chip microcomputer is provided with human-computer interaction module and liquid crystal display, by human-computer interaction module, more effectively can carry out on-line monitoring regulation and control according to actual conditions; Original charactron and light-emitting diode is substituted, display three-phase vacuum degree directly perceived and corresponding vacuum level by LCDs.Described single-chip microcomputer is connected with double-gate switch, by the action of Single-chip Controlling gating switch, section is any time made to only have a phase signals to be in connected state, two-phase is all in high-impedance state in addition, namely state is cut off, completely eliminate the mutual interference between signals collecting end three-phase, realize the correct reading of three-phase signal.
The main controller of this single-chip microcomputer adopts American TI process chip MSP430F149 or MSP430F122.
Wherein: MSP430F149 is a kind of novel mixed-signal processor, have employed the up-to-date Low-power Technology of (Texas Instruments) company of Texas Instruments (operating current is 0.1-400pA), a large amount of peripheral modules is incorporated in sheet by it, has following features:
1. low-voltage, super low-power consumption: operating voltage 3.3V, under waiting mode, operating current is 1.3w A, and under RAM keeps closing working method, operating current is only 0.1A.
2. there is the analog to digital converter (ADC12) of 12, very high precision can be obtained, and eliminate the trouble using special analog to digital converter to come to design circuit strip.
3. have jumbo memory space: memory aspect comprises nearly 60k ROM and 2k RAM, and memory space can meet the needs of program and data completely.
4. liang channel serial communication interface: can be used for carrying out asynchronous or synchronous serial communication with computer.
5. hardware multiplier: this multiplier carries out the operation of multiplying independent of CPU, also improves the utilization ratio of CPU while improving multiplying speed.
6. serial in-system programming: program is downloaded by simulator, and monitored by the operating state of special-purpose software to program and single-chip microcomputer, be very easy to the debugging of program.
Signal acquisition module, is adopted high precision collecting chip to gather the signal of telecommunication, the data after process is sent by infrared transmitting terminal, infrared transmission path and light-emitting diode energy transmission paths are isolated meanwhile.
Signal processing module, sends the digital signal received from signal acquisition module into single-chip microcomputer, carries out signal transacting, averages, shows and Real-Time Monitoring.
LED circuitboard and a silicon light solar panel, signal transacting, display circuit board are that LED circuitboard is powered, and the lumination of light emitting diode in it, makes electric energy be converted to luminous energy, silicon photocell in silicon light solar panel receives illumination, then makes transform light energy be electric energy; The silicon photocell of silicon light solar panel obtains the storage capacitor charging in energy backward signal acquisition module; After the voltage on storage capacitor reaches predetermined value, signal acquisition module is started working, carry out signals collecting and process, the data after process are sent to LED array circuit board by infrared transmitting terminal, and LED array circuit board transfers signals to signal transacting, display circuit board.
All range sensor, in order to obtain the high pressure transducing signal of vacuum degree of vacuum switch.
Three-phase ion column, one end is connected with the high pressure transducing signal of all range sensor, other end ground connection, and its sample resistance two ends are as signals collecting end, obtains the vacuum degree transducing signal of reflection vacuum degree of vacuum switch; This three-phase ion column comprises insulation crust, is fastened on series resistance, parallel resistance, diode, sample resistance and isolation resistance in insulation crust successively.
Signal transacting, display circuit board; Signal transacting, display circuit board receive the signal of several signal acquisition module continuously, and are temporally carried out by the signal collected storing, to show and on request to host computer transmission.
Workflow of the present invention:
Power when considering final volume production needed for signal acquisition module is very little, and the frequency of collection also can not be too frequent, and we install one piece of low power silicon photocell solar panels on this collection plate for this reason, for collection plate is powered.
Solar panel provides energy by super bright LED lighting, concrete system flow is as shown in Figure 3: first use signal transacting when signal acquiring board will be allowed to work, display circuit board is that super bright LED circuitboard is powered, lumination of light emitting diode, electric energy is made to be converted to luminous energy, silicon photocell receives illumination, transform light energy is made to be electric energy again, silicon photocell charges to storage capacitor after obtaining energy again, after the voltage on electric capacity reaches predetermined value, signal acquisition module is started working, and the data collected are sent to LED circuit board by infrared transmitting terminal, finally be transferred to signal transacting, display circuit board.
After signal transacting, display circuit board receive signal, this collection activity terminates, and the light-emitting diode transmitted for energy extinguishes, and signal acquisition module quits work without electricity, and whole process is all completed by Single-chip Controlling.
Signal transacting, display circuit board can receive the signal of multiple signal acquisition module continuously by identical method, and are temporally carried out by the signal collected storing, to show and on request to host computer transmission.Like this, as long as the air insulated distance of signal acquisition module and signal transacting, display circuit board can ensure, just fully ensure that electrical isolation therebetween, even if can accomplish that collection terminal breaks down, high pressure is crosstalked into signal acquisition module, also can ensure the life safety of the operating personnel of signal transacting, display end, solve this most important factor of fail safe of its online vacuum degree measurement.
In sum, the vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system described in the present embodiment possesses following advantage:
1. low-power consumption: adopt American TI process chip MSP430F149 or MSP430F122 to carry out control treatment.
2. high_voltage isolation: adopt light isolation technology, guarantee the fail safe of Dynamic System.
3. high accuracy: adopt high-precision sampling A/D chip and AD process, ensures precision.
4. accuracy; Adopt senior micro-chip processor, ensure accuracy.
5. safe and reliable: to have various software and hardware protection.
6. volume is little, portable.
7. shell exquisiteness is attractive in appearance.
Above to invention has been exhaustive presentation, applying specific case herein and setting forth structure of the present invention, the explanation of above embodiment just understands method of the present invention and core concept thereof for helping; Meanwhile, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.To change of the present invention with to improve to be possible, and design and scope that accessory claim specifies can not be exceeded.