A kind of vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system, belong to on-line monitoring technique field.
Background technology
Vacuum switch is extremely promising a kind of switching device in low pressure and middle pressure field.Vacuum switch, as the advanced switchgear of a new generation, is widely used in the current electric network reconstruction of China.The vacuum degree of vacuum switch arc control device is one of principal elements that determine its electric property, in arc control device, vacuum degree is deteriorated, not only reduced the ability of vacuum switch withstand long term exposure system voltage and in running, tolerated inside and outside superpotential ability, and difficulty open failure electric current effectively extremely, therefore, in the urgent need to the vacuum degree to vacuum switch in service, monitor.
At present, concerning the method for testing of vacuum degree of vacuum switch, from large aspect, can be divided into off-line monitoring and the large class of on-line monitoring two.
The method of off-line monitoring has a lot, and develops to obtain also comparative maturity; Wherein, magnetic control discharge method is the good method for quantitative measuring of a kind of repeatability.The maximum drawback of off-line monitoring be exactly this detection method must be to detect under powering-off state, can not Real-Time Monitoring vacuum degree, cannot truly get rid of and reduce the danger causing because of vacuum degree.
And on-line monitoring is owing to will not changing under the prerequisite of switch main body structure and running status, monitor at any time the variation of its vacuum degree, therefore, realize the direct measurement of vacuum degree, also there is a lot of difficult points.
Indirect method for vacuum degree on-line monitoring mainly contains electro-optical conversion method, coupling capacitance method etc.
Electro-optical conversion method is based on " electro optic effect " principle, utilize some optical element in electric field, can change optical property as Pockels element, thereby the electric field change corresponding with vacuum degree converted to the variation of luminous flux, but that the subject matter of the method is poor work stability, the cost of optical element is high.
Coupling capacitance method puts forward according to measurement of partial discharge principle.If when declining because vacuum degree reduces with electrical contact to the compressive resistance between intershield cover of tested vacuum interrupter, when power-frequency voltage rises to a certain value from zero point, with the equivalent capacitance between electrical contact and radome, discharge, this local discharge signal can carry out on-line monitoring by two partial discharge probes between radome and grounding box shell.The subject matter of this method is that the sensitivity of its measurement needs to verify further.
In addition, common vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber method of testing also has: the criterion of industrial frequency withstand voltage method, observation, spark meter method, getter change color, magnetic control discharge method etc.
Generally speaking, vacuum degree on-line monitoring is that the sample resistance place by as shown in Figure 1 obtains sampled voltage at high-pressure side, then, by signals collecting, transmission, processing, demonstration, completes.From signals collecting end to signal end for process, comprise the transmission channel of two, one is signal transmission pathway, and an other road is luminous energy transmission channel.Because collection terminal is in a high-pressure side, there is the possibility of leaking high pressure, once break down, high voltage channels to low-pressure side, can cause the damage of all components and parts of secondary low-voltage side loop, and easily operating personnel's life is caused safely to great threat, thus in operating personnel's one side, must increase by force and effectively high pressure quarantine measures, with assurance equipment and operating personnel's safety.The high pressure isolation of signal transmission pathway is relatively easy, and as passed through infrared mode or optical fiber mode, the power supply of Power supply transmission channel is cumbersome, and it is almost unpractical that transformer with small volume will be isolated so high voltage.
If application number is CN00210754.6, Granted publication number is CN2409528, name is called the Chinese utility model patent of " the online vacuum monitoring device of 10KV vacuum switch ", it discloses a kind of vacuum switch on-Line Monitor Device, comprise signal amplification, processing, decoding, driving, circuit and radix, the digital display circuit of subnumber and warning circuit, this vacuum monitoring device is the interior vacuum pressure of interior three vacuum tubes of monitoring switch cabinet at any time, and it is shown simultaneously and when vacuum switch intraductal pressure rises to predetermined value, can send alarm signal.
But, in this disclosure file, also there is following some shortcomings part:
1. this system mainly consists of signal mode number conversion, decoding, drive circuit, display circuit at different levels, warning circuit; Whole complex circuit, reliability is not high, a little less than interference free performance;
2. directly input after filtering after signals collecting, system finally circulates and shows current each phase vacuum degree and corresponding vacuum level by the mode of charactron and light-emitting diode, can not intuitively show three-phase vacuum degree and vacuum level accordingly.
And for example application number is 201210039152.3, name is called the Chinese invention patent of a < < vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system > >, it discloses, at high-pressure side, by sample resistance, obtain the vacuum degree transducing signal of reflection vacuum degree of vacuum switch, then by signal acquiring board, be converted to digital vacuum degree sensing data, the vacuum degree sensing data collecting sends by infrared signal; At low-pressure end, by infrared signal receiver module, receive the infrared signal from high-pressure side, obtain the vacuum degree sensing data that gathers, and be transferred to that signal is processed, display circuit board is processed, demonstrate the vacuum degree of vacuum switch of monitoring, realize on-line monitoring.Comprise in the present invention the transmission channel of two, one is signal transmission pathway, and an other road is luminous energy transmission channel, and having realized high-pressure side is that signals collecting end is the electrical isolation of operating personnel's one side to low-pressure end, has improved the fail safe of operation.
But, in this disclosure file, also there is following some shortcomings part:
1. this on-line monitoring system is on voltage range, to carry out the collection of a point, and then compares with each step voltage, finally shows to have accidental error, and accidental error can be brought wrong demonstration;
2. adopt common acquisition chip, do not reach collection requirement;
As shown in Figure 1, in signal acquisition module, the ground end of sampled signal voltage is that sample resistance is used as virtually away from one end of the earth---negative input, and near the signal positive input in the earth one end.Take one is example mutually, as figure, shown in 2 after three-phase sampled signal enters collection plate, because the ground end of collection plate only has one---publicly, the earth also only has one, if directly by the negative terminal of three-phase signal and connecting together publicly on collection plate; As shown in Figure 3, this will cause the sample of signal loop of three-phase to form a parallel port; This will cause phase mutual interference, and three-phase sampled signal will occur to change completely, cannot reflect real signal(l)ing condition, cause the data of Real-Time Monitoring inaccurate.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: a kind of vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system is provided, solve existing on-line monitoring system fail safe not high, especially the technical problem that exists accidental error and signals collecting to be easily interfered, thus above-mentioned problems of the prior art can effectively be solved.
The object of the invention is to realize by following technical proposals: a kind of vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system, comprising:
One all range sensor, in order to obtain the high pressure transducing signal of vacuum degree of vacuum switch;
One three-phase ion column, one end is connected with the high pressure transducing signal of all range sensor, and the other end connects the earth, and its sample resistance two ends are as signals collecting end, obtain the vacuum degree transducing signal of reflection vacuum degree of vacuum switch;
One signal is processed, display circuit board;
One LED circuitboard and a silicon light solar panel, signal is processed, display circuit board is that LED circuitboard is powered, and the lumination of light emitting diode in it, makes electric energy be converted to luminous energy, battery in silicon light solar panel receives illumination, then to make transform light energy be electric energy;
Also comprise a pair of gating switch, be arranged on signal transmission passage, after sample of signal, enter before signal acquisition module.
The existence of this double-gate switch solved as existing application number be 201210039152.3, name is called the problem of signal phase mutual interference between the three-phase existing in the Chinese invention patent of a < < vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system > >.
One signal acquisition module, adopts high precision collecting chip to gather the signal of telecommunication, by processing data later, by infrared transmitting terminal, sends, meanwhile, by infrared transmission path and the isolation of light-emitting diode Energy Transfer path;
One signal processing module, by the digital signal receiving from signal acquisition module, carries out signal processing, averages, demonstration and Real-Time Monitoring.
As a kind of optimal way, also comprise single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer is provided with human-computer interaction module and liquid crystal display; Described single-chip microcomputer is connected with double-gate switch.
As further preferred embodiment, this double-gate switch is selected ADG888:0.4 Ω, CMOS, the binary channels double-point double-throw switch device of being produced by U.S. ADI.It has low-power consumption (<0.1 μ W) and small size property, and in operating temperature range (40 ℃ to+125 ℃), conducting resistance is less than 0.6 Ω.
As further preferred embodiment, the main controller of single-chip microcomputer adopts American TI process chip MSP430F149 or MSP430F122.
As further preferred embodiment, described three-phase ion column comprises insulation crust, is fastened on series and parallel resistance, diode, sample resistance and the isolation resistance in insulation crust successively.
As further preferred embodiment, the silicon photocell of silicon light solar panel obtains the storage capacitor charging in the backward acquisition module of energy; Voltage on storage capacitor reaches after predetermined value, signals collecting template is started working, carry out signals collecting, and the data that collect are sent to LED array circuit board by infrarede emitting diode, LED array circuit board transfers signals to signal processing, display circuit board.
As further preferred embodiment, signal is processed, display circuit board receives continuously the signal of several signal acquisition circuit plates, and the signal collecting was stored, shown and to host computer, transmit on request by the time.
This on-line monitoring system has increased double-gate switch enter acquisition module after sample of signal before, whenever only has closed connection of gating switch of a phase, and two-phase all disconnects in addition, has thoroughly cut off coupling path, has guaranteed the correctness of signal.
In addition, all physics voltage signals are all converted into digital signal, physics digital, then after transmitting, average, thereby eliminated the mistake demonstration that accidental error is brought, adopt high-precision acquisition chip simultaneously, the data of processing are sent by infrared transmitting terminal, by infrared transmission path and the isolation of light-emitting diode Energy Transfer path, making does not have mutual interference between the two energy pathway, guarantees the required precision of signal transmission simultaneously.
In sum, this vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system has guaranteed the high-voltage electrical apparatus isolation with primary side, ensured secondary side operating personnel's life safety, simultaneously, the interference between the two can be effectively eliminated in the isolation of two-way transmission channel, improve the transmission precision of signal, the transmission error of erasure signal, real realization with high-pressure side electrical isolation, high-precision online vacuum degree signal acquiring system.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention: vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system of the present invention possesses following advantage:
1. between signal acquisition module and signal processing module, signal transmits with infrared mode, has solved once the physical isolation problem with secondary circuit, has eliminated potential safety hazard;
2. due to the particularity in signals collecting loop, on signal transmission passage, increased double-gate switch, by the action of Single-chip Controlling gating switch, make section any time only have a phase signals in connected state, two-phase is all in high-impedance state in addition, cut off state, thoroughly eliminated the phase mutual interference between signals collecting end three-phase, realize correctly reading of three-phase signal;
3. adopt singlechip technology, make simple in circuits, highly integrated, improved reliability and the anti-interference of whole system;
4. by LCDs, substitute original charactron and light-emitting diode, intuitively show three-phase vacuum degree and corresponding vacuum level.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the ion column figure of existing on-line monitoring system;
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of existing on-line monitoring system signal acquisition module;
Fig. 3 is the parallel port of the meeting phase mutual interference of existing on-line monitoring system three-phase signal sampling loop formation;
Fig. 4 is the physical cabling figure of vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the system flow chart of vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the passage that sample of signal of the present invention loop forms;
Fig. 7 is the system construction drawing of existing on-line monitoring system.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Disclosed all features in this specification, or the step in disclosed all methods or process, except the speciality and/or step of mutual repulsion, all can combine by any way, unless narration especially, all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar object,, unless narration especially, an embodiment in a series of equivalences of each feature or similar characteristics.
As shown in Fig. 4-7, vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system of the present invention comprises following critical piece:
Double-gate switch, enters before signal acquisition module after being arranged at sample of signal; By the action of Single-chip Controlling gating switch, realize correctly reading of three-phase signal, eliminated the phase mutual interference between signals collecting end three-phase.The existence of this double-gate switch solved as existing application number be 201210039152.3, name is called the problem of signal phase mutual interference between the three-phase existing in the Chinese invention patent of a < < vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system > >, in the present invention, as shown in Figure 6, the way that employing adds gating switch at signal input part is solved, that is: when acquisition module is started working, by Single-chip Controlling gating switch, wherein one be conducted, two-phase disconnects in addition, the signal collecting is after filtering, through gating switch, enter follower, again signal is carried out to AD digital-to-analogue conversion, finally the signal of this phase is sent into single-chip microcomputer and completed the collection to these phase data, by the sequential setting in advance, circulate successively, just completed the collecting work of three-phase signal, and successfully avoided the problem of phase mutual interference between three-phase, guaranteed the correctness of image data and the reliability of system.Due to circuit requirement low-voltage, low-power consumption, the selection of device is had to significant limitation in addition.
Specifically, select ADG888:0.4 Ω, CMOS, the binary channels double-point double-throw switch device of being produced by U.S. ADI.It has low-power consumption (<0.1 μ W) and small size property, and in operating temperature range (40 ℃ to+125 ℃), conducting resistance is less than 0.6 Ω.
Single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer is provided with human-computer interaction module and liquid crystal display, by human-computer interaction module, can more effectively according to actual conditions, carry out on-line monitoring regulation and control; By LCDs, substitute original charactron and light-emitting diode, intuitively show three-phase vacuum degree and corresponding vacuum level.Described single-chip microcomputer is connected with double-gate switch, by the action of Single-chip Controlling gating switch, make section any time only have a phase signals in connected state, two-phase is all in high-impedance state in addition, cut off state, thoroughly eliminate the phase mutual interference between signals collecting end three-phase, realized correctly reading of three-phase signal.
The main controller of this single-chip microcomputer adopts American TI process chip MSP430F149 or MSP430F122.
Wherein: MSP430F149 is a kind of novel mixed-signal processor, adopted the up-to-date Low-power Technology of (Texas Instruments) company of Texas Instruments (operating current is 0.1-400 pA), it is incorporated into a large amount of peripheral modules in sheet, has following features:
1. low-voltage, super low-power consumption: operating voltage 3.3V, under waiting mode, operating current is 1.3 w A, at RAM, keeping closing operating current under working method is only 0.1A.
2. there is the analog to digital converter (ADC12) of 12, can obtain very high precision, and saved with special analog to digital converter to the next trouble of design circuit strip.
3. have jumbo memory space: memory aspect comprises nearly 60k ROM and 2k RAM, and memory space can meet the needs of program and data completely.
4. liang channel serial communication interface: can be used for carrying out asynchronous or synchronous serial communication with computer.
5. hardware multiplier: this multiplier is independent of the operation that CPU carries out multiplying has also promoted the utilization ratio of CPU when improving multiplying speed.
6. serial in-system programming: by simulator, program is downloaded, and by special-purpose software, the operating state of program and single-chip microcomputer is monitored, be very easy to the debugging of program.
Signal acquisition module, adopts high precision collecting chip to gather the signal of telecommunication, by processing data later, by infrared transmitting terminal, sends, meanwhile, by infrared transmission path and the isolation of light-emitting diode Energy Transfer path.
Signal processing module, sends the digital signal receiving from signal acquisition module into single-chip microcomputer, carries out signal processing, averages, demonstration and Real-Time Monitoring.
LED circuitboard and a silicon light solar panel, signal is processed, display circuit board is that LED circuitboard is powered, and the lumination of light emitting diode in it, makes electric energy be converted to luminous energy, battery in silicon light solar panel receives illumination, then to make transform light energy be electric energy; The silicon photocell of silicon light solar panel obtains the storage capacitor charging in the backward acquisition module of energy; Voltage on storage capacitor reaches after predetermined value, signals collecting template is started working, carry out signals collecting and process, the data after processing are sent to LED array circuit board by infrared transmission diode, LED array circuit board transfers signals to signal processing, display circuit board.
All range sensor, in order to obtain the high pressure transducing signal of vacuum degree of vacuum switch.
Three-phase ion column, one end is connected with the high pressure transducing signal of all range sensor, other end ground connection, and its sample resistance two ends are as signals collecting end, obtain the vacuum degree transducing signal of reflection vacuum degree of vacuum switch; This three-phase ion column comprises insulation crust, is fastened on series and parallel resistance, diode, sample resistance and the isolation resistance in insulation crust successively.
Signal is processed, display circuit board; Signal is processed, display circuit board receives continuously the signal of several signal acquisition circuit plates, and the signal collecting was stored, shown and to host computer, transmit on request by the time.
Workflow of the present invention:
While considering final volume production, the required power of signal acquisition circuit plate is very little, and the frequency of collection can be too not frequent yet, and we install low power silicon photocell solar panels on this collection plate for this reason, for collection plate is powered.
Solar panel is to provide energy by super bright LED lighting, specifically system flow as shown in Figure 3: in the time will allowing signal acquiring board work, first with signal, process, display circuit board is that super bright LED circuitboard is powered, lumination of light emitting diode, make electric energy be converted to luminous energy, silicon photocell receives illumination, making transform light energy is electric energy again, silicon photocell charges to storage capacitor after obtaining energy again, after voltage on electric capacity reaches predetermined value, signal acquisition circuit plate is started working, and the data that collect are sent to LED circuit plate by infrared transmission diode, finally being transferred to signal processes, display circuit board.
After signal processing, display circuit board are received signal, this collection activity finishes, and the light-emitting diode transmitting for energy extinguishes, and signal acquisition circuit plate quits work without electricity, and whole process is all completed by Single-chip Controlling.
Signal is processed, display circuit board can receive continuously the signal of a plurality of signal acquisition circuit plates by identical method, and the signal collecting was stored, shown and to host computer, transmit on request by the time.Like this, as long as signal acquisition circuit plate and signal are processed, the air insulated of display circuit board distance can guarantee, just fully guaranteed the electrical isolation between the two, even if can accomplish that collection terminal breaks down, high pressure is crosstalked into signal acquisition circuit plate, also can guarantee that signal is processed, the operating personnel's of display end life safety, solve this most important factor of fail safe that its online vacuum degree detects.
In sum, the vacuum degree of vacuum switch on-line monitoring system described in the present embodiment possesses following advantage:
1. low-power consumption: adopt American TI process chip MSP430F149 or MSP430F122 to control processing.
2. high pressure isolation: adopt light isolation technology, guarantee the fail safe of system operation.
3. high accuracy: adopt high-precision sampling A/D chip and AD to process, guarantee precision.
4. accuracy; Adopt senior micro-chip processor, guarantee accuracy.
5. safe and reliable: to have various software and hardware protection.
6. volume is little, portable.
7. shell exquisiteness is attractive in appearance.
Above the present invention has been carried out to detailed introduction, applied specific case herein structure of the present invention is set forth, the explanation of above embodiment is just for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; , for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention meanwhile.To change of the present invention and improvement, will be possible, and can not exceed design and the scope of accessory claim regulation.