CN112946343A - Overhead line power frequency voltage measuring device and measuring method - Google Patents

Overhead line power frequency voltage measuring device and measuring method Download PDF

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CN112946343A
CN112946343A CN202110123117.9A CN202110123117A CN112946343A CN 112946343 A CN112946343 A CN 112946343A CN 202110123117 A CN202110123117 A CN 202110123117A CN 112946343 A CN112946343 A CN 112946343A
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voltage
overhead line
induction sheet
metal induction
circuit module
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CN112946343B (en
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卢斌先
黄未啸
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North China Electric Power University
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North China Electric Power University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/0084Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring voltage only
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R35/00Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
    • G01R35/005Calibrating; Standards or reference devices, e.g. voltage or resistance standards, "golden" references
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/30Circuit design
    • G06F30/36Circuit design at the analogue level
    • G06F30/367Design verification, e.g. using simulation, simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis [SPICE], direct methods or relaxation methods
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2111/00Details relating to CAD techniques
    • G06F2111/10Numerical modelling
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2113/00Details relating to the application field
    • G06F2113/04Power grid distribution networks
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring power frequency voltage of an overhead line. The device includes: the high-voltage conductor section, the first measuring circuit module, the second measuring circuit module and the processing device; the high-voltage conductor section is arranged on the high-voltage overhead line, the processing device is respectively connected with the first measuring circuit module and the second measuring circuit module, and the processing device is used for carrying out high-voltage overhead line height calibration according to the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal to obtain the height of the high-voltage overhead line; the processing device is also used for determining the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line according to the height of the high-voltage overhead line and the voltage signal output by the measuring circuit module corresponding to the working metal induction sheet. The device and the method can be used for directly and accurately calibrating the height of the high-voltage overhead line in real time and accurately measuring the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line with any erection height and any voltage grade.

Description

Overhead line power frequency voltage measuring device and measuring method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of overhead line voltage measurement, in particular to an overhead line power frequency voltage measuring device and method.
Background
With the rapid development of smart grids and the improvement of voltage levels, the power system has stricter requirements on real-time voltage measurement. The current main overhead line voltage measurement methods include an instrument transformer, a capacitive coupling voltage transformer and a photoelectric voltage sensing technology, but the defects of the methods in the aspects of installation and maintenance, measurement accuracy, service life, measurement cost and the like are more and more obvious, and the requirements of quick, accurate and stable measurement are difficult to meet. In addition, the existing electronic overhead line voltage measurement method cannot realize a direct, real-time and accurate voltage self-calibration function, and the anti-interference performance of the measurement method is poor, so that the voltage measurement precision cannot be further ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an overhead line power frequency voltage measuring device and a measuring method, which can be used for directly and accurately calibrating the height of a high-voltage overhead line in real time and accurately measuring the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line with any erection height and any voltage level.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
an overhead line power frequency voltage measuring device, comprising:
the high-voltage conductor section, the first measuring circuit module, the second measuring circuit module and the processing device;
the high-voltage conductor section is arranged on a high-voltage overhead line; cutting at a first cutting position on the high-voltage conductor section to obtain a first metal induction sheet, and cutting at a second cutting position on the high-voltage conductor section to obtain a second metal induction sheet; the first metal induction sheet is pasted at the first cutting position through a first insulating film, and the second metal induction sheet is pasted at the second cutting position through a second insulating film;
a first fixed end of the first measuring circuit module is connected with the first metal induction sheet, a second fixed end of the first measuring circuit module is connected with the high-voltage conductor section, and an output end of the first measuring circuit module is connected with the processing device;
a first fixed end of the second measuring circuit module is connected with the second metal induction sheet, a second fixed end of the second measuring circuit module is connected with the high-voltage conductor section, and an output end of the second measuring circuit module is connected with the processing device;
the processing device is used for receiving a first voltage signal output by the first measuring circuit module when the first metal induction sheet works and the second metal induction sheet does not work, receiving a second voltage signal output by the second measuring circuit module when the second metal induction sheet works and the first metal induction sheet does not work, and calibrating the height of the high-voltage overhead line according to the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal to obtain the height of the high-voltage overhead line;
the processing device is further used for receiving a voltage signal output by the measuring circuit module corresponding to the working metal induction sheet when the first metal induction sheet works or the second metal induction sheet works, and determining the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line according to the height of the high-voltage overhead line and the voltage signal output by the measuring circuit module corresponding to the working metal induction sheet.
Optionally, the method further includes:
a grading ring and a connecting piece;
the equalizing ring is connected with the high-voltage overhead line through the connecting piece;
the high-voltage conductor section is connected with the high-voltage overhead line through the connecting piece.
Optionally, the method further includes:
an antenna;
the antenna is arranged on the high-voltage conductor section, the antenna is respectively connected with the first measuring circuit module and the second measuring circuit module, and the antenna is used for transmitting the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal to the processing device.
Alternatively to this, the first and second parts may,
the first measurement circuit module specifically includes:
the device comprises a first measuring resistor, a first switch and a first voltage measuring unit;
the first measuring resistor, the first switch and the first voltage measuring unit are arranged in parallel;
the second measurement circuit module specifically includes:
the second measuring resistor, the second switch and the second voltage measuring unit;
the second measuring resistor, the second switch and the second voltage measuring unit are arranged in parallel;
the first switch and the second switch are electronic switches;
the processing device is used for receiving a first voltage signal output by the first voltage measuring unit when the first switch is switched off and the second switch is switched on, receiving a second voltage signal output by the second voltage measuring unit when the first switch is switched on and the second switch is switched off, and calibrating the height of the high-voltage overhead line according to the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal to obtain the height of the high-voltage overhead line.
Optionally, the processing apparatus specifically includes:
the device comprises a signal receiving and storing module, a first data processing module and a second data processing module;
the signal receiving and storing module is respectively connected with the first measuring circuit module and the second measuring circuit module; the signal receiving and storing module is used for receiving and storing the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal;
the first data processing module is connected with the signal receiving and storing module; the first data processing module is used for carrying out high-voltage overhead line height calibration according to the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal to obtain the height of the high-voltage overhead line;
the second data processing module is respectively connected with the signal receiving and storing module and the first data processing module; and the second data processing module is used for determining the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line according to the height of the high-voltage overhead line and the voltage signal output by the measuring circuit module corresponding to the working metal induction sheet.
Optionally, the processing apparatus further includes:
a display module;
the display module is respectively connected with the first data processing module and the second data processing module; the display module is used for displaying the height of the high-voltage overhead line and the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line.
The invention also provides an overhead line power frequency voltage measuring method, which is applied to the overhead line power frequency voltage measuring device and comprises the following steps:
the processing device acquires a first voltage signal and a second voltage signal; the first voltage signal is a voltage signal output by the first measuring circuit module when the first metal induction sheet works and the second metal induction sheet does not work; the second voltage signal is a voltage signal output by the second measuring circuit module when the second metal induction sheet works and the first metal induction sheet does not work;
the processing device carries out height calibration on the high-voltage overhead line according to the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal to obtain the height of the high-voltage overhead line;
the processing device acquires a voltage signal output by a measuring circuit module corresponding to the working metal induction sheet; the working metal induction sheet works for the first metal induction sheet or the second metal induction sheet;
and the processing device determines the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line according to the height of the high-voltage overhead line and the voltage signal output by the measuring circuit module corresponding to the working metal induction sheet.
Optionally, the processing device performs height calibration on the high-voltage overhead line according to the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal to obtain the height of the high-voltage overhead line, and specifically includes:
calculating the initial displacement current of the first metal induction sheet according to the first voltage signal, and calculating the initial displacement current of the second metal induction sheet according to the second voltage signal;
calculating the height of the high-voltage overhead line by adopting an iteration method according to the initial displacement current of the first metal induction sheet and the initial displacement current of the second metal induction sheet to obtain a first calculated height of the high-voltage overhead line;
according to the first calculated height, calibrating the initial displacement current of the first metal induction sheet and the initial displacement current of the second metal induction sheet by adopting a finite element numerical simulation method to obtain the calibration displacement current of the first metal induction sheet and the calibration displacement current of the second metal induction sheet;
according to the calibration displacement current of the first metal induction sheet and the calibration displacement current of the second metal induction sheet, the height of the high-voltage overhead line is calibrated by adopting an iteration method, and a second calculated height of the high-voltage overhead line is obtained; determining a second calculated height of the high voltage overhead line as the height of the high voltage overhead line.
Alternatively to this, the first and second parts may,
calculating the initial displacement current of the first metal induction sheet according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002922795880000041
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002922795880000042
is the phasor of the initial displacement current of the first metal sensing piece,
Figure BDA0002922795880000043
phasor, R, for the output voltage of the first measuring circuit module1Is a first measured resistance, C1The first metal induction sheet and the high-voltage conductor section mutually have partial capacitance;
calculating the initial displacement current of the second metal induction sheet according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002922795880000044
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002922795880000045
is the phasor of the initial displacement current of the second metal sensing piece,
Figure BDA0002922795880000046
phasor, R, for the output voltage of the second measuring circuit module2For a second measurement of resistance, C2The second metal induction sheet and the high-voltage conductor section mutually have partial capacitance;
calculating a first calculated height of the high voltage overhead line according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002922795880000051
wherein r is the outer radius of the high-voltage conductor segment, H is the first calculated height of the high-voltage overhead line, d is the height of the electric axis from the ground, and 2 psi is the central angle corresponding to the same position of the metal induction sheet;
calculating the calibration displacement current of the first metal induction sheet according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002922795880000052
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002922795880000053
for the phasor of the calibration displacement current of the first metal sense plate,
Figure BDA0002922795880000054
calculating the phasor of the displacement current of the first metal induction sheet by using a numerical simulation method of a finite element;
calculating the calibration displacement current of the second metal induction sheet according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002922795880000055
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002922795880000056
for the phasor of the calibration displacement current of the second metal sense plate,
Figure BDA0002922795880000057
calculating the phasor of the displacement current of the second metal induction sheet by using a numerical simulation method of a finite element;
calculating a second calculated height of the high voltage overhead line according to the formula:
Figure BDA0002922795880000058
where H' is the second calculated height of the high voltage overhead line.
Optionally, the processing device determines the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line according to the height of the high-voltage overhead line and a voltage signal output by the measurement circuit module corresponding to the working metal sensing strip, and specifically includes:
calibrating a proportionality coefficient of the output voltage of the measuring circuit module and the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line according to the height of the high-voltage overhead line to obtain the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the proportionality coefficient of the output voltage of the measuring circuit module and the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line is as follows:
Figure BDA0002922795880000059
in the formula, k is a proportionality coefficient,
Figure BDA00029227958800000510
is the phasor of the voltage of the high voltage overhead line,
Figure BDA00029227958800000511
the phasor of the output voltage of the measuring circuit module corresponding to the working metal induction sheet R is the measurement corresponding to the working metal induction sheetAnd C' is the self-contained partial capacitance of the working metal induction sheet.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides an overhead line power frequency voltage measuring device and a measuring method. Because the high-voltage conductor section is connected with the high-voltage overhead line, and the metal induction sheet is manufactured on the high-voltage conductor section which has the same potential as the high-voltage overhead line, the metal induction sheet has higher sensitivity. The invention can accurately and quickly calibrate the height of the high-voltage overhead line, and based on the fact that the metal induction sheets are obtained by cutting and insulating the high-voltage conductor section, the height of the overhead line can be directly calibrated through the output voltage signals of the measuring circuit modules corresponding to the two metal induction sheets without processing the past data, the calibration speed is high, the height calibration result of the high-voltage overhead line is very accurate, and the measurement precision of the voltage is further improved. According to the invention, the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line can be accurately calculated through the first voltage signal output by the first measuring circuit module and the second voltage signal output by the second measuring circuit module. In addition, the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line with different erection heights and different voltage grades can be accurately measured, the erection height of the high-voltage overhead line can be accurately obtained according to the height self-calibration, and meanwhile, the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line with different erection heights can be measured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of an overhead line power frequency voltage measuring device in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a measurement circuit module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a mirror method calculation in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of overhead line height calibration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method for measuring power frequency voltage of an overhead line according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a metal sensor chip according to an embodiment of the present invention;
description of the labeling:
1. the device comprises a first metal induction sheet, 2, a first insulating film, 3, a first measuring circuit module, 4, an equalizing ring, 5, a high-voltage overhead line, 6, a connecting piece, 7, a high-voltage conductor section, 8, a second measuring circuit module, 9, a second insulating film, 10, a second metal induction sheet, 11, an antenna, 12, a signal receiving and storing module, 13, a first data processing module, 14, a second data processing module, 15, a display module, 16, a voltage measuring unit, 17, an electronic switch and 18, and a measuring resistor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide an overhead line power frequency voltage measuring device and a measuring method, which can be used for directly and accurately calibrating the height of a high-voltage overhead line in real time and accurately measuring the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line with any erection height and any voltage level.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Examples
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of an overhead line power frequency voltage measurement device in an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 is a circuit structural diagram of a measurement circuit module in an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1 to 2, an overhead line power frequency voltage measurement device includes: high-voltage conductor segment 7, first measurement circuit module 3, second measurement circuit module 8, processing means, grading ring 4, connection 6 and antenna 11.
The high-voltage conductor section is arranged on the high-voltage overhead line 5; cutting at a first cutting position on the high-voltage conductor section to obtain a first metal induction sheet 1, and cutting at a second cutting position on the high-voltage conductor section to obtain a second metal induction sheet 10; the first metal sensing piece is adhered at the first cutting position through the first insulation film 2, and the second metal sensing piece is adhered at the second cutting position through the second insulation film 9.
The first fixed end of the first measuring circuit module is connected with the first metal induction sheet, the second fixed end of the first measuring circuit module is connected with the high-voltage conductor section, and the output end of the first measuring circuit module is connected with the processing device. The first fixed end of the second measuring circuit module is connected with the second metal induction sheet, the second fixed end of the second measuring circuit module is connected with the high-voltage conductor section, and the output end of the second measuring circuit module is connected with the processing device.
The processing device is used for receiving a first voltage signal output by the first measuring circuit module when the first metal induction sheet works and the second metal induction sheet does not work, receiving a second voltage signal output by the second measuring circuit module when the second metal induction sheet works and the first metal induction sheet does not work, and calibrating the height of the high-voltage overhead line according to the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal to obtain the height of the high-voltage overhead line; the processing device is further used for receiving a voltage signal output by the measuring circuit module corresponding to the working metal induction sheet when the first metal induction sheet works or the second metal induction sheet works, and determining the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line according to the height of the high-voltage overhead line and the voltage signal output by the measuring circuit module corresponding to the working metal induction sheet.
The equalizing ring is connected with the high-voltage overhead line through a connecting piece; the high-voltage conductor section is connected with a high-voltage overhead line through a connecting piece. The antenna is arranged on the high-voltage conductor section, the antenna is respectively connected with the first measuring circuit module and the second measuring circuit module, and the antenna is used for transmitting the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal to the processing device.
The first measurement circuit module specifically includes: the device comprises a first measuring resistor, a first switch and a first voltage measuring unit. The first measuring resistor, the first switch and the first voltage measuring unit are arranged in parallel. The second measurement circuit module specifically includes: the second measuring resistor, the second switch and the second voltage measuring unit; the second measuring resistor, the second switch and the second voltage measuring unit are arranged in parallel. The first switch and the second switch are electronic switches. The processing device is used for receiving a first voltage signal output by the first voltage measuring unit when the first switch is switched off and the second switch is switched on, receiving a second voltage signal output by the second voltage measuring unit when the first switch is switched off and the second switch is switched off, and calibrating the height of the high-voltage overhead line according to the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal to obtain the height of the high-voltage overhead line. In fig. 2, the voltage measuring unit 16 is a first voltage measuring unit or a second voltage measuring unit, the electronic switch 17 is a first switch or a second switch, and the measuring resistor 18 is a first measuring resistor or a second measuring resistor.
The processing device specifically comprises: a signal receiving and storing module 12, a first data processing module 13, a second data processing module 14 and a display module 15. The signal receiving and storing module is respectively connected with the first measuring circuit module and the second measuring circuit module; the signal receiving and storing module is used for receiving and storing a first voltage signal and a second voltage signal; the first data processing module is connected with the signal receiving and storing module; the first data processing module is used for carrying out height calibration on the high-voltage overhead line according to the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal to obtain the height of the high-voltage overhead line; the second data processing module is respectively connected with the signal receiving and storing module and the first data processing module; and the second data processing module is used for determining the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line according to the height of the high-voltage overhead line and the voltage signal output by the measuring circuit module corresponding to the working metal induction sheet. The display module is respectively connected with the first data processing module and the second data processing module; the display module is used for displaying the height of the high-voltage overhead line and the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line.
As shown in fig. 6, the present invention further provides a method for measuring power frequency voltage of an overhead line, including:
the method comprises the following steps: the processing device acquires a first voltage signal and a second voltage signal; the first voltage signal is a voltage signal output by the first measuring circuit module when the first metal induction sheet works and the second metal induction sheet does not work; the second voltage signal is a voltage signal output by the second measuring circuit module when the second metal induction sheet works and the first metal induction sheet does not work.
Step two: and the processing device performs height calibration on the high-voltage overhead line according to the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal to obtain the height of the high-voltage overhead line.
Step two, specifically comprising:
calculating the initial displacement current of the first metal induction sheet according to the first voltage signal, and calculating the initial displacement current of the second metal induction sheet according to the second voltage signal;
calculating the height of the high-voltage overhead line by adopting an iteration method according to the initial displacement current of the first metal induction sheet and the initial displacement current of the second metal induction sheet to obtain a first calculated height of the high-voltage overhead line;
according to the first calculated height, calibrating the initial displacement current of the first metal induction sheet and the initial displacement current of the second metal induction sheet by adopting a finite element numerical simulation method to obtain the calibration displacement current of the first metal induction sheet and the calibration displacement current of the second metal induction sheet;
according to the calibration displacement current of the first metal induction sheet and the calibration displacement current of the second metal induction sheet, the height of the high-voltage overhead line is calibrated by adopting an iteration method, and a second calculated height of the high-voltage overhead line is obtained; the second calculated height of the high voltage overhead line is determined as the height of the high voltage overhead line.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
calculating the initial displacement current of the first metal induction sheet according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002922795880000091
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002922795880000092
is the phasor of the initial displacement current of the first metal sensing piece,
Figure BDA0002922795880000093
phasor, R, for the output voltage of the first measuring circuit module1Is a first measured resistance, C1The first metal induction sheet and the high-voltage conductor section mutually have partial capacitance;
calculating the initial displacement current of the second metal induction sheet according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002922795880000101
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002922795880000102
is the phasor of the initial displacement current of the second metal sensing piece,
Figure BDA0002922795880000103
phasor, R, for the output voltage of the second measuring circuit module2For a second measurement of resistance, C2The second metal induction sheet and the high-voltage conductor section mutually have partial capacitance;
calculating a first calculated height of the high voltage overhead line according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002922795880000104
wherein r is the outer radius of the high-voltage conductor segment, H is the first calculated height of the high-voltage overhead line, d is the height of the electric axis from the ground, and 2 psi is the central angle corresponding to the same position of the metal induction sheet;
calculating the calibration displacement current of the first metal induction sheet according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002922795880000105
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002922795880000106
for the phasor of the calibration displacement current of the first metal sense plate,
Figure BDA0002922795880000107
calculating the phasor of the displacement current of the first metal induction sheet by using a numerical simulation method of a finite element;
calculating the calibration displacement current of the second metal induction sheet according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002922795880000108
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002922795880000109
for the phasor of the calibration displacement current of the second metal sense plate,
Figure BDA00029227958800001010
calculating the phasor of the displacement current of the second metal induction sheet by using a numerical simulation method of a finite element;
calculating a second calculated height of the high voltage overhead line according to the formula:
Figure BDA00029227958800001011
where H' is the second calculated height of the high voltage overhead line.
Step three: the processing device acquires a voltage signal output by a measuring circuit module corresponding to the working metal induction sheet; the working metal induction sheet works for the first metal induction sheet or the second metal induction sheet;
step four: and the processing device determines the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line according to the height of the high-voltage overhead line and the voltage signal output by the measuring circuit module corresponding to the working metal induction sheet.
Step four, specifically comprising:
calibrating a proportionality coefficient of the output voltage of the measuring circuit module and the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line according to the height of the high-voltage overhead line to obtain the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the proportionality coefficient of the output voltage of the measuring circuit module and the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line is as follows:
Figure BDA0002922795880000111
in the formula, k is a proportionality coefficient,
Figure BDA0002922795880000112
is the phasor of the voltage of the high voltage overhead line,
Figure BDA0002922795880000113
the method comprises the steps of outputting phasor of voltage for a measuring circuit module corresponding to a working metal induction sheet, R being a measuring resistor in the measuring circuit module corresponding to the working metal induction sheet, C being a mutual partial capacitor of the working metal induction sheet and a high-voltage conductor section, and C' being a self partial capacitor of the working metal induction sheet.
The invention provides an overhead line power frequency voltage measuring method and device with a high self-calibration function, wherein a connecting piece 6 is used for fastening the connection between a high-voltage overhead line 5 and a high-voltage conductor segment 7 and the connection between the high-voltage overhead line 5 and a grading ring 4; the grading ring 4 is used for homogenizing an electric field, so that the influence of the electric field intensity generated by the high-voltage overhead lines on the electric field intensity near the high-voltage conductor segment 7 is reduced, and the accuracy of voltage measurement is further ensured.
The first metal induction sheet 1 is a part cut from the high-voltage conductor section 7, and the first metal induction sheet 1 is re-adhered to the cut position of the high-voltage conductor section 7 through the first insulating film 2, so that the first metal induction sheet 1 is insulated from the high-voltage conductor section 7; the first measuring circuit module 3 has one end connected to the surface of the first metal sensing piece 1 and the other end connected to the surface of the high-voltage conductor segment 7, and the first measuring circuit module 3 outputs the measured voltage signal to the signal receiving and storing module 12 through the antenna 11.
The second metal induction sheet 10 and the first metal induction sheet 1 are completely the same in design and manufacturing mode, but the two metal induction sheets need to be staggered by a certain distance in the horizontal direction and cannot have a part facing to each other, as shown in fig. 1, the purpose is to realize the independent work of the two metal induction sheets, reduce the influence of the metal induction sheets which do not work on the metal induction sheets which work, in addition, the two metal induction sheets cannot work simultaneously, and the purpose is to reduce the mutual influence between the two metal induction sheets and improve the accuracy of voltage measurement and height calibration; the second measurement circuit module 8 has the same circuit structure and function as the first measurement circuit module 3. In order to reduce the errors of voltage measurement and height calibration, the first metal sensing piece 1 and the second metal sensing piece 10 are made into a dome shape, and the shape of the metal sensing pieces is as shown in fig. 7. Each measuring circuit module comprises a voltage measuring module 16, an electronic switch 17, a measuring resistor 18, as shown in fig. 2.
The voltage measuring module 16 is used for obtaining the voltage across the measuring resistor 18 and outputting the voltage signal to the signal receiving and storing module 12 through the antenna 11 in fig. 1; the electronic switch 17 is used to control the working state of the metal sensing strip in fig. 1, and for any one of the measurement circuit modules in fig. 1, when the electronic switch is turned off, the metal sensing strip corresponding to the measurement circuit module is in the working state, and when the electronic switch is turned on, the metal sensing strip corresponding to the measurement circuit module is in the non-working state.
When the height of the overhead line is self-calibrated, the first metal induction sheet 1 is controlled to be in a working state through the first measurement circuit module 3 and the second measurement circuit module 8 respectively, the second metal induction sheet 10 is in a non-working state, the voltage signal of the first measurement circuit module 3 is output to the signal receiving and storing module 12, then the first metal induction sheet 10 is controlled to be in a working state through the first measurement circuit module 3 and the second measurement circuit module 8, the first metal induction sheet 1 is in a non-working state, the voltage signal of the first measurement circuit module 8 is output to the signal receiving and storing module 12, the two voltage signals are processed through the first data processing module 13, and the height of the overhead line is calibrated.
When the overhead line voltage is measured, any one metal induction sheet is controlled to be in a working state, the other metal induction sheet is controlled to be in a non-working state, the output voltage signal of the measuring circuit module corresponding to the metal induction sheet in the working state and the height of the overhead line calculated by the first data processing module 13 are processed through the second data processing module 14, the voltage of the overhead line is calculated through a proportional relation, and the proportional coefficient is related to the height of the overhead line calculated by the first data processing module 13.
The display module 15 is used for displaying the overhead line voltage and the overhead line height obtained after data processing.
The basic principle of the overhead line power frequency voltage measurement with the high self-calibration function provided by the invention is as follows:
the proportionality coefficients of the output voltage of the measurement circuit module and the overhead line voltage can be calculated by the equivalent circuit in fig. 3. In FIG. 3, C1A metal induction plate and a high-voltage conductor section mutually have partial capacitance, C2Is the self-contained partial capacitance of the metal sensing piece, R is the measuring resistance (which is the measuring resistance in fig. 2),
Figure BDA0002922795880000121
is the voltage phasor of the high-voltage overhead line,
Figure BDA0002922795880000122
is the total current flowing through the measuring resistor and the mutual partial capacitance. Thus, measuring circuit modulesThe voltage to overhead line voltage proportionality coefficient is shown in equation (1):
Figure BDA0002922795880000123
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002922795880000131
outputting voltage phasor for the measuring circuit module, namely voltage phasors at two ends of the measuring resistor; k is the output voltage of the measuring circuit module
Figure BDA0002922795880000132
And the voltage of the overhead line
Figure BDA0002922795880000133
The scaling factor of (c). The equivalent circuit structure corresponding to each metal sensing piece is shown in fig. 3, and the capacitor C except the metal sensing piece2The other parameters are the same. Self-contained partial capacitor C of metal induction sheet2Is related to the overhead line height and, therefore, the proportionality coefficient k is also related to the overhead line height.
The main task of the overhead line height calibration is to establish an analytic relationship between the output voltages of the first measurement circuit module 3 and the second measurement circuit module 8 and the overhead line height, and then calibrate the overhead line height in real time through the real-time voltage signal of the measurement circuit modules. The main analytical calculation method is a mirror image method, because the length of the high-voltage conductor segment 7 in fig. 1 is much longer than that of the metal induction sheet, and the presence of the grading ring 4 can greatly reduce the influence of the high-voltage overhead lines at both ends on the electric field strength near the high-voltage conductor segment 7, the high-voltage conductor segment 7 can be regarded as a uniform infinite-length conductor, and the two-dimensional schematic diagram shown in fig. 4 can be used for calculation. In fig. 4, d is the height of the electrical axis from the ground, H is the height of the overhead wire, τ is the line charge density of the electrical axis, r is the outer radius of the high-voltage conductor segment, and 2 ψ is the central angle of the metal induction sheet corresponding to the same position; the upper circle being the high-voltage conductor section and the lower circle being the mirror image of the high-voltage conductor section, whereinThe thick part is the arc length corresponding to the same position of the metal induction sheet. Since the image method can only calculate the electric field distribution around the high-voltage conductor segment without the metal sensing piece, the displacement current at the same position of the metal sensing piece can only be calculated without the metal sensing piece, thereby approximately replacing the displacement current of the metal sensing piece as the total current flowing through the measuring resistor and the mutual partial capacitor in fig. 3
Figure BDA0002922795880000134
The displacement currents of the metal sensing strip 1 and the second metal sensing strip 10 calculated according to the mirror image method are respectively shown in formula (2) and formula (3).
Figure BDA0002922795880000135
Figure BDA0002922795880000136
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002922795880000137
and
Figure BDA0002922795880000138
displacement currents of the metal induction sheet 1 and the second metal induction sheet 10 are respectively; l is the length of the metal induction sheet;
Figure BDA0002922795880000139
is the voltage phasor of the high-voltage overhead line; epsilon0The remaining parameters are shown in FIG. 4 for the vacuum dielectric constant. And (3) carrying out ratio operation on the displacement currents of the metal sensing piece 1 and the second metal sensing piece 10, as shown in formula (4).
Figure BDA0002922795880000141
In the formula (4), the displacement currents of the metal sensing piece 1 and the second metal sensing piece 10
Figure BDA0002922795880000142
And
Figure BDA0002922795880000143
phasors which can be based on the output voltages of the measuring circuit module 3 and the measuring circuit module 8, respectively
Figure BDA0002922795880000144
And
Figure BDA0002922795880000145
obtained by the equivalent circuit shown in fig. 3, as shown in equation (5) and equation (6).
Figure BDA0002922795880000146
Figure BDA0002922795880000147
Thus, the phasor of the output voltage passing through the measurement circuit module 3 and the measurement circuit module 8
Figure BDA0002922795880000148
And
Figure BDA0002922795880000149
in theory, the first calibration of the erection height of the overhead line can be realized.
However, since the above formula (4) is a transcendental function, it cannot be directly solved, and the overhead height of the overhead line needs to be solved by an iterative method. In addition, since the formula (4) is derived by a mirror image method, the mirror image method can only calculate the displacement current of the same position of the metal sensing piece under the condition that the metal sensing piece does not exist, and the total current of the measuring resistor and the mutual capacitance is approximately replaced by the displacement current. Due to the existence of the approximation process, the result of the first overhead line height calibration has certain error, so that the displacement current of the metal induction sheet needs to flow intoAnd calibrating, namely calibrating the erection height of the overhead line by using the calibrated metal induction sheet displacement current. The main task of the first data processing module 13 is to iteratively solve the formula (4) and calibrate the displacement current of the metal sensing strip, and the work flow thereof is shown in fig. 5. Phasor according to the output voltages of the measuring circuit module 3 and the measuring circuit module 8
Figure BDA00029227958800001410
And
Figure BDA00029227958800001411
calculating the displacement current of the metal induction sheet 1 and the second metal induction sheet 10 by the formula (5) and the formula (6)
Figure BDA00029227958800001412
And
Figure BDA00029227958800001413
H1carrying out iterative solution on the formula (4) for the overhead line height obtained by the rough search through the rough search and the fine search; the rough search means that 1m is used as a search step length, and the overhead line height H which enables the left side of the formula (4) to be closest to 0 is obtained through searching1(ii) a The fine search is defined by [ H ]1-1,H1+1]For the search range, 0.1m is used as the search step length, and the height H of the overhead line is obtained by searching according to the same principle2(not shown), followed by [ H ]2-0.1,H2+0.1]For the search range, with 0.01m as the search step length, search to obtain H3(not shown in the figure), and so on, through N times of fine searches, the first time of calibration height h of the overhead line can be obtained1(ii) a Calculating the first calibration height h when the height of the overhead line is the first height h by a numerical simulation method1When the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
Figure BDA0002922795880000151
obtaining the displacement current of the first metal induction sheet 1 by numerical simulation calculation under the first-time height calibration;
Figure BDA0002922795880000152
at the first calibration height, the displacement current of the second metal induction sheet 10 obtained by numerical simulation calculation passes through
Figure BDA0002922795880000153
And
Figure BDA0002922795880000154
and
Figure BDA0002922795880000155
and
Figure BDA0002922795880000156
the displacement currents of the metal induction sheet 1 and the second metal induction sheet 10 are calibrated, and finally the displacement currents pass through the calibrated
Figure BDA0002922795880000157
And
Figure BDA0002922795880000158
the height of the overhead line is secondarily calibrated to obtain a second calibration height h of the overhead line2And also the final overhead line calibration height.
Through twice calibration, the height of the overhead line can be accurately calibrated, and the output voltage of the measuring circuit module is further calibrated through the final overhead line calibration height
Figure BDA0002922795880000159
And the voltage of the overhead line
Figure BDA00029227958800001510
The scaling factor of (a) is calibrated so that the measurement system herein can accommodate overhead line voltage measurements of various heights.
Compared with the voltage measuring method of the voltage transformer commonly used at present, the voltage measuring and height self-calibration device of the high-voltage overhead line has the advantages of small volume, convenience in installation and low cost. In fig. 1, since the voltage of the high voltage overhead line can be directly collected in the high voltage conductor segment, and meanwhile, the metal sensing piece is manufactured on the high voltage conductor segment which has the same potential as the high voltage overhead line, the metal sensing piece has higher sensitivity, and the voltage output by the measuring circuit module and connected in parallel at the two ends of the surface measuring resistor of the metal sensing piece and the high voltage conductor segment can accurately calculate the voltage of the high voltage overhead line.
High-voltage overhead line voltage measurement and high self calibration device can be very accurate and quick highly calibrate high-voltage overhead line, based on the design of metal response piece, can directly calibrate overhead line height through the output voltage signal of the measuring circuit module that two metal response pieces correspond, need not handle data in the past, and calibration speed is very fast, and high-voltage overhead line height calibration result is very accurate, further raises the measuring accuracy of voltage.
The high-voltage overhead line voltage measuring and height self-calibrating device can accurately measure the voltages of high-voltage overhead lines with different erection heights and different voltage grades, and can accurately obtain the erection heights of the high-voltage overhead lines according to the height self-calibration, so that the proportionality coefficients of the high-voltage overhead line voltages and the output voltages of the measuring circuit module are calibrated, and the voltages of the high-voltage overhead lines with different erection heights can be measured.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In summary, this summary should not be construed to limit the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an overhead line power frequency voltage measuring device which characterized in that includes:
the high-voltage conductor section, the first measuring circuit module, the second measuring circuit module and the processing device;
the high-voltage conductor section is arranged on a high-voltage overhead line; cutting at a first cutting position on the high-voltage conductor section to obtain a first metal induction sheet, and cutting at a second cutting position on the high-voltage conductor section to obtain a second metal induction sheet; the first metal induction sheet is pasted at the first cutting position through a first insulating film, and the second metal induction sheet is pasted at the second cutting position through a second insulating film;
a first fixed end of the first measuring circuit module is connected with the first metal induction sheet, a second fixed end of the first measuring circuit module is connected with the high-voltage conductor section, and an output end of the first measuring circuit module is connected with the processing device;
a first fixed end of the second measuring circuit module is connected with the second metal induction sheet, a second fixed end of the second measuring circuit module is connected with the high-voltage conductor section, and an output end of the second measuring circuit module is connected with the processing device;
the processing device is used for receiving a first voltage signal output by the first measuring circuit module when the first metal induction sheet works and the second metal induction sheet does not work, receiving a second voltage signal output by the second measuring circuit module when the second metal induction sheet works and the first metal induction sheet does not work, and calibrating the height of the high-voltage overhead line according to the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal to obtain the height of the high-voltage overhead line;
the processing device is further used for receiving a voltage signal output by the measuring circuit module corresponding to the working metal induction sheet when the first metal induction sheet works or the second metal induction sheet works, and determining the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line according to the height of the high-voltage overhead line and the voltage signal output by the measuring circuit module corresponding to the working metal induction sheet.
2. The overhead line power frequency voltage measurement device of claim 1, further comprising:
a grading ring and a connecting piece;
the equalizing ring is connected with the high-voltage overhead line through the connecting piece;
the high-voltage conductor section is connected with the high-voltage overhead line through the connecting piece.
3. The overhead line power frequency voltage measurement device of claim 1, further comprising:
an antenna;
the antenna is arranged on the high-voltage conductor section, the antenna is respectively connected with the first measuring circuit module and the second measuring circuit module, and the antenna is used for transmitting the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal to the processing device.
4. The overhead line power frequency voltage measurement device of claim 1,
the first measurement circuit module specifically includes:
the device comprises a first measuring resistor, a first switch and a first voltage measuring unit;
the first measuring resistor, the first switch and the first voltage measuring unit are arranged in parallel;
the second measurement circuit module specifically includes:
the second measuring resistor, the second switch and the second voltage measuring unit;
the second measuring resistor, the second switch and the second voltage measuring unit are arranged in parallel;
the first switch and the second switch are electronic switches;
the processing device is used for receiving a first voltage signal output by the first voltage measuring unit when the first switch is switched off and the second switch is switched on, receiving a second voltage signal output by the second voltage measuring unit when the first switch is switched on and the second switch is switched off, and calibrating the height of the high-voltage overhead line according to the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal to obtain the height of the high-voltage overhead line.
5. The overhead line power frequency voltage measurement device according to claim 1, wherein the processing device specifically comprises:
the device comprises a signal receiving and storing module, a first data processing module and a second data processing module;
the signal receiving and storing module is respectively connected with the first measuring circuit module and the second measuring circuit module; the signal receiving and storing module is used for receiving and storing the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal;
the first data processing module is connected with the signal receiving and storing module; the first data processing module is used for carrying out high-voltage overhead line height calibration according to the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal to obtain the height of the high-voltage overhead line;
the second data processing module is respectively connected with the signal receiving and storing module and the first data processing module; and the second data processing module is used for determining the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line according to the height of the high-voltage overhead line and the voltage signal output by the measuring circuit module corresponding to the working metal induction sheet.
6. The overhead line power frequency voltage measurement device of claim 5, wherein the processing device further comprises:
a display module;
the display module is respectively connected with the first data processing module and the second data processing module; the display module is used for displaying the height of the high-voltage overhead line and the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line.
7. An overhead line power frequency voltage measurement method applied to the overhead line power frequency voltage measurement device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprising:
the processing device acquires a first voltage signal and a second voltage signal; the first voltage signal is a voltage signal output by the first measuring circuit module when the first metal induction sheet works and the second metal induction sheet does not work; the second voltage signal is a voltage signal output by the second measuring circuit module when the second metal induction sheet works and the first metal induction sheet does not work;
the processing device carries out height calibration on the high-voltage overhead line according to the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal to obtain the height of the high-voltage overhead line;
the processing device acquires a voltage signal output by a measuring circuit module corresponding to the working metal induction sheet; the working metal induction sheet works for the first metal induction sheet or the second metal induction sheet;
and the processing device determines the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line according to the height of the high-voltage overhead line and the voltage signal output by the measuring circuit module corresponding to the working metal induction sheet.
8. The overhead line power frequency voltage measurement method according to claim 7, wherein the processing device performs high-voltage overhead line height calibration according to the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal to obtain the height of the high-voltage overhead line, and specifically comprises:
calculating the initial displacement current of the first metal induction sheet according to the first voltage signal, and calculating the initial displacement current of the second metal induction sheet according to the second voltage signal;
calculating the height of the high-voltage overhead line by adopting an iteration method according to the initial displacement current of the first metal induction sheet and the initial displacement current of the second metal induction sheet to obtain a first calculated height of the high-voltage overhead line;
according to the first calculated height, calibrating the initial displacement current of the first metal induction sheet and the initial displacement current of the second metal induction sheet by adopting a finite element numerical simulation method to obtain the calibration displacement current of the first metal induction sheet and the calibration displacement current of the second metal induction sheet;
according to the calibration displacement current of the first metal induction sheet and the calibration displacement current of the second metal induction sheet, the height of the high-voltage overhead line is calibrated by adopting an iteration method, and a second calculated height of the high-voltage overhead line is obtained; determining a second calculated height of the high voltage overhead line as the height of the high voltage overhead line.
9. The overhead line power frequency voltage measurement method according to claim 8,
calculating the initial displacement current of the first metal induction sheet according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002922795870000041
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0002922795870000042
is the phasor of the initial displacement current of the first metal sensing piece,
Figure FDA0002922795870000043
phasor, R, for the output voltage of the first measuring circuit module1Is a first measured resistance, C1The first metal induction sheet and the high-voltage conductor section mutually have partial capacitance;
calculating the initial displacement current of the second metal induction sheet according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002922795870000044
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0002922795870000045
is the phasor of the initial displacement current of the second metal sensing piece,
Figure FDA0002922795870000046
phasor, R, for the output voltage of the second measuring circuit module2For a second measurement of resistance, C2The second metal induction sheet and the high-voltage conductor section mutually have partial capacitance;
calculating a first calculated height of the high voltage overhead line according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002922795870000047
wherein r is the outer radius of the high-voltage conductor segment, H is the first calculated height of the high-voltage overhead line, d is the height of the electric axis from the ground, and 2 psi is the central angle corresponding to the same position of the metal induction sheet;
calculating the calibration displacement current of the first metal induction sheet according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002922795870000048
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0002922795870000049
for the phasor of the calibration displacement current of the first metal sense plate,
Figure FDA00029227958700000410
calculating the phasor of the displacement current of the first metal induction sheet by using a numerical simulation method of a finite element;
calculating the calibration displacement current of the second metal induction sheet according to the following formula:
Figure FDA00029227958700000411
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA00029227958700000414
for the phasor of the calibration displacement current of the second metal sense plate,
Figure FDA00029227958700000413
calculating the phasor of the displacement current of the second metal induction sheet by using a numerical simulation method of a finite element;
calculating a second calculated height of the high voltage overhead line according to the formula:
Figure FDA0002922795870000051
where H' is the second calculated height of the high voltage overhead line.
10. The overhead line power frequency voltage measurement method according to claim 7, wherein the processing device determines the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line according to the height of the high-voltage overhead line and a voltage signal output by a measurement circuit module corresponding to the working metal induction sheet, and specifically comprises:
calibrating a proportionality coefficient of the output voltage of the measuring circuit module and the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line according to the height of the high-voltage overhead line to obtain the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the proportionality coefficient of the output voltage of the measuring circuit module and the voltage of the high-voltage overhead line is as follows:
Figure FDA0002922795870000052
in the formula, k is a proportionality coefficient,
Figure FDA0002922795870000053
is the phasor of the voltage of the high voltage overhead line,
Figure FDA0002922795870000054
the method comprises the steps of outputting phasor of voltage for a measuring circuit module corresponding to a working metal induction sheet, R being a measuring resistor in the measuring circuit module corresponding to the working metal induction sheet, C being a mutual partial capacitor of the working metal induction sheet and a high-voltage conductor section, and C' being a self partial capacitor of the working metal induction sheet.
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