CN112946061B - TRIP steel plate nondestructive strength detection device and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a nondestructive strength detection device and a nondestructive strength detection method for a TRIP steel plate, wherein the device comprises an excitation source, an excitation coil, a detection coil and a data acquisition and processing system, the excitation coil and the detection coil are close to a part to be detected, the excitation source is electrically connected with the excitation coil, and the excitation source is used for applying triangular wave current excitation with continuously changing amplitude to the part to be detected through the excitation coil. According to the invention, the basic mechanical property parameter change of the TRIP steel plate caused by plastic deformation is obtained by utilizing the good correlation between the structural deformation of the TRIP steel plate and the magnetic quantity measured in a non-destructive manner and utilizing the monotonous dependence of the mechanical properties (material strain and hardness) of the measured part and the magnetic signal parameter, and the original part is not damaged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing of metal materials, in particular to a device and a method for detecting the nondestructive strength of a TRIP steel plate.
Background
TRIP steel, i.e., transformation induced plasticity steel, undergoes austenite-to-martensite transformation during deformation, thereby improving work hardening capacity of the steel, and delaying necking, thereby improving strength and plasticity of the steel. TRIP steel has an excellent combination of elongation of more than 30% and tensile strength of about 980MPa or more. Such steel plates provide a large dynamic energy absorption, resulting in a better crash performance, better ensuring the safety of the passenger car and are widely used in the automotive industry. These excellent mechanical properties result mainly from the strain-induced transformation of retained austenite to martensite under the effect of volume expansion, resulting in plastic deformation and work hardening of the surrounding ferrite phase. The TRIP effect is caused by the martensitic transformation of a metastable retained austenite phase caused by external stress, wherein a paramagnetic austenite phase is transformed into a ferromagnetic martensite phase, while the mechanics and magnetism of the surrounding ferrite phase are also changed. The carbon concentration in the austenite grains and the grain size of the retained austenite have an important influence on the TRIP performance, and they have a significant influence on the mechanical stability of the retained austenite.
The traditional method for detecting the strength of the sheet material is to cut and sample a sheet forming part and detect the mechanical properties of a test piece, such as the tensile strength and the elongation of the test piece, according to a standard stretching method. Under different loading conditions, various mechanical property data can be obtained. However, this test is a method of cutting and sampling and destroying the original parts, and is a destructive test.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, on the one hand, the invention provides a device for detecting the nondestructive strength of a TRIP steel plate, so as to solve the problem that the traditional device for detecting the strength of the TRIP steel plate damages the original parts.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a TRIP steel plate nondestructive strength detection device comprises an excitation source, an excitation coil, a detection coil and a data acquisition and processing system;
the excitation coil and the detection coil are close to the part to be detected;
the excitation source is electrically connected with the excitation coil and is used for applying triangular wave current excitation with continuously changing amplitude to the part to be tested through the excitation coil;
the data acquisition and processing system is electrically connected with the detection coil and used for reading a voltage signal induced by the detection coil from the excited detected part, acquiring a series of hysteresis loop wire clusters of the detected part, describing the tensile strength degradation of the detected part through the change of any point and/or slope value on the hysteresis loop, acquiring a function as an independent degradation variable, acquiring a correction data parameter according to the correlation between structural deformation and non-destructive measured magnetic quantity and a standard detection method, correcting the model parameter of the magnetoelectric signal data and mechanical data, and calculating the basic mechanical property of the detected part by applying the magnetoelectric signal data.
Optionally, the device for detecting the nondestructive strength of the TRIP steel plate further comprises a magnetic yoke, the magnetic yoke is fixedly connected with the detected part, and the excitation coil and the detection coil are both sleeved on the magnetic yoke.
Compared with the prior art, the TRIP steel plate nondestructive strength detection device has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The method comprises the steps of obtaining the change of basic mechanical property parameters representing the TRIP steel plate due to plastic deformation by utilizing the good correlation between the structural deformation of the TRIP steel plate and the magnetic quantity measured nondestructively and utilizing the monotonous dependence of the mechanical properties (material strain and hardness) of the measured part and the magnetic signal parameter, and having no destructiveness to the original part;
(2) Known linear current is used for incremental periodic reciprocating excitation to obtain nonlinear output information of the TRIP steel, so that a convenient solving process is obtained, and mechanical data of the TRIP steel are obtained;
(3) Compared with the method for detecting the phase change latent heat released by the TRIP effect of the steel under the condition of dynamic deformation, the method is simpler, more convenient and more feasible.
(4) Compared with a Barkhausen effect-based steel plate nondestructive testing method, the method can effectively distinguish the mechanical property change caused by the TRIP effect, and has unique advantages in the aspect of TRIP steel nondestructive testing.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a TRIP steel plate nondestructive strength detection method to solve the problem that the traditional TRIP steel plate strength detection method damages the original parts.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a nondestructive strength detection method for a TRIP steel plate comprises the following steps:
step S1, an excitation source applies triangular wave current excitation with continuously changing amplitude to a part to be detected through an excitation coil;
s2, reading a voltage signal induced by the detection coil from the excited detected part by the data acquisition and processing system, acquiring a series of hysteresis loop clusters of the detected part, describing the tensile strength degradation of the detected part through the change of any point and/or slope value on the hysteresis loop, and obtaining a function as an independent degradation variable;
and S3, the data acquisition and processing system obtains correction data parameters according to the correlation between the structural deformation and the non-destructively measured magnetic quantity and a standard detection method, corrects model parameters of the magnetoelectric signal data and the mechanical data, and calculates the basic mechanical characteristics of the measured part by using the magnetoelectric signal data.
Optionally, in step S1, the amplitude of the triangular wave current excitation is fixed along with the increment of the triangular wave period, the rising slopes of the triangular wave current excitation in different periods are the same, and the falling slopes of the triangular wave current excitation in different periods are the same.
Optionally, in step S2, the voltage signal satisfies:
u is a voltage signal, F is the magnetic field intensity generated on the exciting coil, t is time, A is the magnetic field signal amplitude of each circulation small hysteresis loop in the hysteresis loop cluster, epsilon is the strain value of the part to be measured, K is the geometric structure constant of the part to be measured, and B is a magnetic flux function.
Optionally, step S3 includes:
interpolating each sample family of data of the voltage signal into a discrete square matrix (i, j);
and selecting proper step length, calculating by using corresponding elements of the reference sample matrix and normalized elements of the relative differential permeability matrix to obtain a normalized mu degradation function of the measured part, and obtaining mechanical data of the measured part.
Optionally, the normalized μ degradation function satisfies:
μ(F i ,A j ,ε)=U(F i ,A j ,ε)/U(F i ,A j j,ε 0 );
in the formula, U (F) i ,A j ε) is the function of interpolation of each sample data family of voltage signals into a discrete square matrix (i, j), U (F) i ,A j ,ε 0 ) Is the corresponding element of the reference sample matrix and the normalized element of the relative differential permeability matrix, epsilon 0 Is the initial strain value.
The nondestructive strength detection method of the TRIP steel plate is similar to the nondestructive strength detection device of the TRIP steel plate in advantages compared with the prior art, and is not described again here.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a TRIP steel plate nondestructive strength testing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the nondestructive testing method for TRIP steel plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the triangular wave current excitation amplitude and cyclic increment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the variation of the magnetic induction with the magnetization obtained by the detection coil of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a waveform of the voltage signal of the present invention with different strain values of the magnetic field strength.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus for testing the nondestructive strength of a TRIP steel plate of the present embodiment includes an excitation source, an excitation coil, a detection coil, a yoke, and a data acquisition and processing system. The excitation coil and the detection coil are close to the part to be detected, the magnetic yoke is fixedly connected with the part to be detected, and the excitation coil and the detection coil are sleeved on the magnetic yoke. The excitation source is electrically connected with the excitation coil and used for applying triangular wave current excitation with continuously changing amplitude to the part to be tested through the excitation coil. The data acquisition and processing system is electrically connected with the detection coil and used for reading a voltage signal induced by the detection coil from the excited detected part, acquiring a series of hysteresis loop wire clusters of the detected part, describing the tensile strength degradation of the detected part through the change of any point and/or slope value on the hysteresis loop, acquiring a function as an independent degradation variable, acquiring a correction data parameter according to the correlation between structural deformation and non-destructive measured magnetic quantity and a standard detection method, correcting the model parameter of the magnetoelectric signal data and mechanical data, and calculating the basic mechanical property of the detected part by applying the magnetoelectric signal data.
In this embodiment, the magnetic adaptive detection method is a multiparameter nondestructive detection method based on a system measurement minor hysteresis loop. The traditional magnetic hysteresis loop is a relatively stable magnetic hysteresis loop, and when the magnetic hysteresis loop changes along with the change of the load borne by a part to be measured, the phenomenon is called magnetic self-adaptation. The series of hysteretic loop clusters of each measured part is measured, and then the tensile strength degradation of the material can be described through the change of the value of any point and/or slope on the loop, and the function of the independent degradation variable can be obtained, so that the method is a brand-new magnetic self-adaptive detection method.
The structural deformation of the TRIP steel plate has good correlation with the nondestructively measured magnetic quantity, and under certain experimental conditions, no matter the small test piece or the part of the whole part, the main mechanical characteristics (material strain and hardness) of the material and the magnetic signal parameter have monotonous dependence. Based on these observations, this embodiment is suitable for characterizing the changes in the fundamental mechanical property parameters of the material due to plastic deformation, and can therefore replace destructive testing.
Based on the above principle, as shown in fig. 2, this embodiment further provides a method for detecting the nondestructive strength of a TRIP steel plate, which is implemented by the above apparatus for detecting the nondestructive strength of a TRIP steel plate, and includes:
step S1, an excitation source applies triangular wave current excitation with continuously changing amplitude to a part to be tested through an excitation coil;
s2, reading a voltage signal induced by the detection coil from the excited detected part by the data acquisition and processing system, acquiring a series of hysteresis loop line clusters of the detected part, describing the tensile strength degradation of the detected part through the change of any point and/or slope value on the hysteresis loop, and obtaining a function as an independent degradation variable;
and S3, the data acquisition and processing system obtains correction data parameters according to the correlation between the structural deformation and the non-destructively measured magnetic quantity and a standard detection method, corrects model parameters of the magnetoelectric signal data and the mechanical data, and calculates the basic mechanical characteristics of the measured part by using the magnetoelectric signal data.
In step S1, the amplitude of the triangular wave current excitation is fixed with the increment of the triangular wave period, as shown by Δ If in fig. 3, that is, the amplitude of the triangular wave current excitation in the next period is increased by Δ If compared with the amplitude of the triangular wave current excitation in the current period. The rising slopes of the triangular wave current excitations in different periods are the same, and the falling slopes of the triangular wave current excitations in different periods are the same.
In step S2, as shown in fig. 4, the triangular wave current excitation generates a magnetic field through the excitation coil, the data acquisition and processing system measures and records the magnetic field intensity passing through the measured part, and obtains the characteristic data of the measured part through multiple periodic cycle detection, and the test process of continuously inputting the triangular wave current excitation, detecting the magnetic field intensity of the measured part, and obtaining the test data sequence is a linear scanning process. A triangular variation of the magnetization field over time t will be generated in the test and the voltage signal read in the detection coil satisfies for each k samples:u is a voltage signal, F is the magnetic field intensity generated on the exciting coil, t is time, A is the magnetic field signal amplitude of each circulation small hysteresis loop in the hysteresis loop cluster, epsilon is the strain value of the part to be measured, K is the geometric structure constant of the part to be measured, and B is a magnetic flux function.
Wherein, step S3 includes: interpolating each sample family of data of the voltage signal into a discrete square matrix (i, j); and selecting proper step length, calculating by using corresponding elements of the reference sample matrix and normalized elements of the relative differential permeability matrix to obtain a normalized mu degradation function of the measured part, and obtaining mechanical data of the measured part. The normalized μ degradation function satisfies: mu (F) i ,A j ,ε)=U(F i ,A j ,ε)/U(F i ,A j ,,ε 0 ) (ii) a In the formula, U (F) i ,A j ε) is the function of each sample family of voltage signals interpolated into a discrete square matrix (i, j), U (F) i ,A j ,ε 0 ) Is the corresponding element of the reference sample matrix and the normalized element of the relative differential permeability matrix, epsilon 0 Is the initial strain value. Step S3 implements a method of interpolating the data family of each ε k samples to a discrete square matrix (i, j), i.e., U (Fi, aj, ε k), and selecting the appropriate step size Δ a = Δ F. Since dF/dt is a constant, the non-destructive detection methods obtain detection values that are all relative and correspond to the corresponding elements of the reference matrix U (Fi, aj, ∈ 0) that can contain the most suitable information of the degradation of the material under study in any variation of such elements as a function of epsilon. Thus, all U (Fi, aj, ε k) elements will be divided by the corresponding elements of the reference sample matrix and the normalized element U (Fi, aj, ε 0) of the relative differential permeability matrix, i.e., (Fi, aj, ε k) = U (Fi, aj, ε k)/U (Fi, aj, ε 0). And solving the above formula to obtain the normalized mu degradation function of the measured part, so as to obtain the mechanical data of the measured part. In addition, the integral matrix B = &μdf or the differential matrix μ &maybe increased' F A matrix of = d μ/dF values may also be calculated and used to define the B degradation function B (F) i ,A j ε). As the parameter epsilon increases until the degradation function reaches saturation.
In this embodiment, the process of changing the voltage signal U detected in the detection coil with time t and the magnetic field F is performed by applying a triangular wave current excitation to the excitation coil. The degradation occurs as a result of the previously applied mechanical tension to strain values epsilon =0%,1.7%,3.5%,5.8%,7.8%,9.8%,17.9%. As shown in fig. 5.
In this way, in the present embodiment, the change of the basic mechanical property parameter representing the TRIP steel plate due to plastic deformation is obtained by using the good correlation between the structural deformation of the TRIP steel plate and the magnetic quantity measured nondestructively, and by using the monotonic dependency relationship between the mechanical properties (material strain and hardness) of the measured part and the magnetic signal parameter, and there is no destructiveness to the original part.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A TRIP steel plate nondestructive strength detection device is characterized by comprising an excitation source, an excitation coil, a detection coil and a data acquisition and processing system;
the exciting coil and the detecting coil are both close to the part to be detected;
the excitation source is electrically connected with the excitation coil and is used for applying triangular wave current excitation with continuously changing amplitude to the part to be tested through the excitation coil;
the data acquisition and processing system is electrically connected with the detection coil and used for reading a voltage signal induced by the detection coil from the excited detected part, acquiring a series of hysteresis loop clusters of the detected part, describing the tensile strength degradation of the detected part through the change of any point and/or slope value on the hysteresis loop, and obtaining a function as an independent degradation variable; obtaining correction data parameters according to the correlation between the structural deformation and the non-destructive measured magnetic quantity and a standard detection method, correcting model parameters of magnetoelectric signal data and mechanical data, and calculating the basic mechanical characteristics of the measured part by applying the magnetoelectric signal data, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
interpolating each sample family of data of the voltage signal into a discrete square matrix (i, j);
selecting proper step length, calculating by using corresponding elements of a reference sample matrix and normalized elements of a relative differential permeability matrix to obtain a normalized mu degradation function of the measured part, and obtaining mechanical data of the measured part;
the normalized μ degradation function satisfies:
μ(F i ,A j ,ε)=U(F i ,A j ,ε)/U(F i ,A j ,ε 0 );
in the formula, U (F) i ,A j ,ε) Function, U (F), interpolated into a discrete square matrix (i, j) for each sample data family of voltage signals i ,A j ,ε 0 ) Is the corresponding element of the reference sample matrix and the normalized element of the relative differential permeability matrix, epsilon 0 Is the initial strain value.
2. The apparatus for testing nondestructive strength of a TRIP steel plate according to claim 1, further comprising a yoke fixedly connected to the part to be tested, wherein the excitation coil and the detection coil are both sleeved on the yoke.
3. A method for detecting the nondestructive strength of a TRIP steel plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, an excitation source applies triangular wave current excitation with continuously changing amplitude to a part to be tested through an excitation coil;
s2, reading a voltage signal induced by the detection coil from the excited detected part by the data acquisition and processing system, acquiring a series of hysteresis loop clusters of the detected part, describing the tensile strength degradation of the detected part through the change of any point and/or slope value on the hysteresis loop, and obtaining a function as an independent degradation variable;
s3, the data acquisition and processing system obtains correction data parameters according to the correlation between structural deformation and non-destructively measured magnetic quantity and a standard detection method, corrects model parameters of the magnetoelectric signal data and mechanical data, and calculates the basic mechanical characteristics of the measured part by applying the magnetoelectric signal data;
the step S3 comprises the following steps:
interpolating each sample family of data of the voltage signal into a discrete square matrix (i, j);
selecting proper step length, calculating by using corresponding elements of a reference sample matrix and normalized elements of a relative differential permeability matrix to obtain a normalized mu degradation function of the measured part, and obtaining mechanical data of the measured part;
the normalized μ degradation function satisfies:
μ(F i ,A j ,ε)=U(F i ,A j ,ε)/U(F i ,A j ,ε 0 ):
in the formula, U (F) i ,A j ε) is the function of each sample family of voltage signals interpolated into a discrete square matrix (i, j), U (F) i ,A j ,ε 0 ) Is the corresponding element of the reference sample matrix and the normalized element of the relative differential permeability matrix, epsilon 0 Is the initial strain value.
4. The method for testing the nondestructive strength of a TRIP steel plate according to claim 3, wherein in step S1, the amplitude of the triangular wave current excitation is fixed with the increment of the triangular wave period, the rising slopes of the triangular wave current excitations in different periods are the same, and the falling slopes of the triangular wave current excitations in different periods are the same.
5. The nondestructive strength testing method for the TRIP steel plate according to claim 3, wherein in the step S2, the voltage signal satisfies:
u is a voltage signal, F is the magnetic field intensity generated on the exciting coil, t is time, A is the magnetic field signal amplitude of each circulation small hysteresis loop in the hysteresis loop cluster, epsilon is the strain value of the part to be measured, K is the geometric structure constant of the part to be measured, and B is a magnetic flux function.
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