CN112945041B - Blast hole plugging device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to auxiliary blasting equipment and discloses a blast hole plugging device which comprises a jacking fixing device and a pressing fixing device, wherein the jacking fixing device comprises a jacking mechanism, at least two jacking pieces are arranged on the jacking mechanism along the circumferential direction of the jacking mechanism, and the jacking mechanism can drive the jacking pieces to move towards the direction close to a blast hole wall (4) so as to enable the jacking pieces to be tightly jacked on the blast hole wall (4); compress tightly fixing device and include the connecting piece that can dismantle fixed connection with the tight fixing device one end in top, rotate on the connecting piece and be connected with two at least plug connectors, and all be equipped with the elastic component between each plug connector and the connecting piece to make each plug connector set up to the direction slope of keeping away from the connecting piece by its afterbody, the elasticity effect that the elastic component can be overcome to the grafting portion of each plug connector when receiving pressure inserts in big gun hole wall (4). The invention can effectively prevent the occurrence of punching and gas overflow, and can greatly improve the blasting effect and safety.

Description

Blast hole plugging device

Technical Field

The invention relates to blasting auxiliary equipment, in particular to a blast hole plugging device.

Background

In the blasting operation, the blast hole needs to be blocked after the explosive is filled, and the quality of the blockage of the blast hole directly influences the final blasting effect. At present, the plugging operation of blast holes depends on the past construction experience, the blast holes are often plugged by using local materials, the plugging mode is single, and the plugging length is not changed greatly, so that the problems of poor punching and blasting effects, high blasting cost, potential safety hazards and the like are easy to occur. The most common control measure taken on site for this situation is to increase the plugged length of the blasthole, but this inevitably creates the following problems: (1) the length of the plug is increased, so that the charging section is reduced, and the drilling cost is increased; (2) the demand of the plugging material is increased, the cost of transportation, management and the like of the plugging material is increased, and the workload of plugging is increased; (3) the hole network parameters are reduced, so that the block rate of rocks at the blocking section is increased rapidly, and the final blasting effect is influenced.

Therefore, according to the adopted blasting method (such as smooth blasting, presplitting blasting, cushion blasting and the like), the blasting energy source (such as explosive, liquid carbon dioxide, static breaking agent and the like) and the blasting engineering geology (such as rock explosibility, rock structural plane, rock strength and the like), the influence of the water content, porosity and compressibility of the adopted blocking material is comprehensively considered, and a blast hole blocking device with simple operation and low cost is researched and developed and a safe and reasonable blast hole blocking scheme is formulated.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a blast hole plugging device which is simple in structural form, simple and convenient to construct, high in strength, capable of resisting blasting pressure and shock waves, capable of effectively preventing punching, capable of effectively preventing gas from overflowing and capable of greatly improving blasting effect and safety.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a blast hole plugging device which comprises a jacking fixing device and a pressing fixing device, wherein the jacking fixing device comprises a jacking mechanism, at least two jacking pieces are arranged on the jacking mechanism along the circumferential direction of the jacking mechanism, and the jacking mechanism can drive the jacking pieces to move towards the direction close to the blast hole wall so as to enable the jacking pieces to be jacked on the blast hole wall; the compressing and fixing device comprises a connecting piece which is detachably and fixedly connected with one end of the jacking and fixing device, at least two plug connectors are rotatably connected onto the connecting piece, elastic pieces are arranged between the plug connectors and the connecting piece, so that the plug connectors are obliquely arranged in the direction away from the connecting piece from the tail parts of the plug connectors to the insertion parts, and the insertion parts of the plug connectors can overcome the elastic action of the elastic pieces when the plug connectors are under pressure and are inserted into the wall of the gun hole.

Preferably, the tight mechanism in top includes the connecting rod, the both ends of connecting rod are equipped with fixed part and removal portion respectively, top the tight piece with be equipped with first support arm between the fixed part, top the tight piece with be equipped with the second support arm between the removal portion, the both ends of first support arm rotate respectively to be connected top the tight piece with on the fixed part, the both ends of second support arm rotate respectively to be connected top the tight piece with on the removal portion, removal portion can be relative the fixed part removes, so that first support arm and second support arm drive jointly top the tight piece is to being close to the direction removal of big gun hole wall.

Preferably, the movable part is movably limited on the connecting rod, the fixed part is detachably and fixedly connected with the connecting piece, and the connecting rod can move relative to the fixed part and the connecting piece to drive the movable part to move relative to the fixed part.

Preferably, one end of the connecting rod is provided with a thread, and the connecting rod is in threaded connection with the fixing part; a rotating part is fixed at the other end of the connecting rod, a first limiting part is fixed on the rotating part, a second limiting part is fixed on the connecting rod, and the moving part is movably sleeved on the connecting rod and is positioned between the first limiting part and the second limiting part; the connecting piece is provided with a through hole for the connecting rod to pass through.

Preferably, the tightening piece comprises a supporting base and a tightening plate fixed on the supporting base, the first supporting arm is arranged between the supporting base and the fixing portion, and the second supporting arm is arranged between the supporting base and the moving portion.

Preferably, both ends of the first support arm are respectively hinged or rotatably connected to the top member and the fixing portion through bolts, and both ends of the second support arm are respectively hinged or rotatably connected to the top member and the moving portion through bolts.

Preferably, the both ends of first support arm are connected through the bolt rotation respectively top tight piece with on the fixed part, the both ends of second support arm are connected through the bolt rotation respectively top tight piece with on the removal portion, just first support arm with the one end that the top tight piece links to each other forms first gear structure, the second support arm with the one end that the top tight piece links to each other forms second gear structure, first gear structure with the second gear structure meshes mutually.

Preferably, the elastic piece is arranged between the tail part of the plug connector and the connecting piece; the plug connector is hinged or is rotationally connected to the connecting piece through a bolt.

Preferably, the blast hole plugging device further comprises a connecting device for connecting the jacking fixing device with the carbon dioxide fracturing device.

Preferably, the connecting device comprises a connecting plate, one end of the connecting plate is detachably and fixedly connected to an air outlet of the carbon dioxide cracking device, the other end of the connecting plate is symmetrically and rotatably connected with a hard connecting ring, one end of the tightly-pushing fixing device, which is far away from the pressing fixing device, is provided with a hanging part hung on the hard connecting ring, and a reset elastic part is arranged between the hard connecting ring and the connecting plate, so that the hard connecting ring is hung on the hanging part under the elastic action of the reset elastic part.

The invention can be arranged at any height in a blast hole, the construction is simple and convenient, and the double fixation can be realized through the jacking fixing device and the pressing fixing device, so that the double-fixation blast-resistant fixing device has the capacity of resisting blast pressure and shock waves, the occurrence of punching can be effectively prevented, the gas overflow is effectively prevented, and the blasting effect and the safety are greatly improved; the blast hole plugging device has the advantages of simple structural form, high strength, difficult deformation in blasting, repeated use, effective reduction of blast hole plugging length, improvement of blast hole utilization rate, wide application range and large-scale popularization and use, and can be applied to the conditions of various blast hole inclination angles.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a first structural schematic diagram (a fixing pin is in an initial state) of one embodiment of the blast hole plugging device of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the internal structure at B in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the structure at C in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a second schematic structural view of an embodiment of the blast hole plugging device of the present invention (with a fixing pin inserted);

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the structure of FIG. 6 at D;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a carbon dioxide cracker;

FIG. 9 is a first schematic structural view of a coupling device in one embodiment of the blast hole plugging device of the present invention (the coupling device is in an unconnected state);

FIG. 10 is a second structural diagram of a connecting device in one embodiment of the blast hole plugging device of the present invention (the connecting device is in a connected state);

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the locking wrench.

Description of the reference numerals

111 connecting rod 112 moving part

113 fixed part 114 second support arm

1141 the first support arm of the second gear structure 115

1151 first gear structure 116 lock bolt

117 first limiting member 118 second limiting member

119 connecting piece 121 support base

122 tightening plate 21 lock disc

211 through hole 212 lock collar bolt

22 fixed pin 23 extension spring

3 plugging material 4 blast hole wall

5 carbon dioxide sends and splits 51 ignition heads of ware

52 pressure relief head 521 air outlet

61 connecting plate 62 hanging ring

63 connecting hanger plate 64 hard connecting ring

65 torsion spring 71 spanner connecting rod

72 spanner handle 73 sleeve

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.

The invention provides a blast hole plugging device which comprises a jacking fixing device and a pressing fixing device, wherein the jacking fixing device comprises a jacking mechanism, at least two jacking pieces are arranged on the jacking mechanism along the circumferential direction of the jacking mechanism, and the jacking mechanism can drive the jacking pieces to move towards the direction close to a blast hole wall 4 so as to enable the jacking pieces to be jacked on the blast hole wall 4; the compressing and fixing device comprises a connecting piece which is detachably and fixedly connected with one end of the jacking and fixing device, at least two plug connectors are rotatably connected onto the connecting piece, elastic pieces are arranged between the plug connectors and the connecting piece, so that the plug connectors are obliquely arranged in the direction away from the connecting piece from the tail parts of the plug connectors to the insertion parts, and the insertion parts of the plug connectors can overcome the elastic action of the elastic pieces when the plug connectors are under pressure and are inserted into the borehole wall 4.

When the blast hole plugging device is used, the blast hole plugging device can be arranged at any height in a blast hole, pressure is firstly applied to the insertion piece, the insertion part can overcome the elastic action of the elastic piece and rotate around the rotation connection point of the insertion piece in the direction close to the connection piece, the insertion piece is arranged in a manner that the length of the insertion piece is larger than the distance between the tail part of the insertion piece and the blast hole wall 4 when the insertion piece is positioned in the horizontal direction, so that the insertion part can be inserted into the blast hole wall 4 in the rotating process, then the jacking piece is driven to move in the direction close to the blast hole wall 4 by the jacking mechanism so as to jack the jacking piece on the blast hole wall 4, and soil is filled in to complete construction, the construction is simple and convenient, double fixation can be realized by the jacking fixing device and the pressing fixing device, so that the blast hole plugging device has the capacity of resisting burst pressure and shock waves, the occurrence of punching can be effectively prevented, and the overflow of gas can be effectively prevented, the blasting effect and the safety are greatly improved; the blast hole plugging device has the advantages of simple structural form, high strength, difficult deformation during blasting, repeated use, effective reduction of blast hole plugging length, improvement of blast hole utilization rate, wide application range and wide popularization and use range, and is suitable for the conditions of various blast hole inclination angles.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 6, the tightening mechanism includes a connecting rod 111, two ends of the connecting rod 111 are respectively provided with a fixing portion 113 and a moving portion 112, the tightening member is provided with a first supporting arm 115 between the fixing portion 113, the tightening member is provided with a second supporting arm 114 between the moving portion 112, two ends of the first supporting arm 115 are respectively rotatably connected to the tightening member and the fixing portion 113, two ends of the second supporting arm 114 are respectively rotatably connected to the tightening member and the moving portion 112, and the moving portion 112 can move relative to the fixing portion 113, so that the first supporting arm 115 and the second supporting arm 114 jointly drive the tightening member to move in a direction close to the borehole wall 4. Wherein, the both ends of first support arm 115 articulate respectively or rotate through the bolt and connect in top the tight piece with on the fixed part 113, be equipped with on the fixed part 113 and be used for the connection piece 119 that links to each other with first support arm 115, the both ends of second support arm 114 articulate respectively or rotate through the bolt and connect in top the tight piece with on the removal portion 112, and similarly, be equipped with on the removal portion 112 and be used for the connection piece 119 that links to each other with second support arm 114. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, both ends of the first support arm 115 are respectively and rotatably connected to the fastening member and the fixed portion 113 by bolts, both ends of the second support arm 114 are respectively and rotatably connected to the fastening member and the movable portion 112 by bolts, one end of the first support arm 115 connected to the fastening member is formed as a first gear structure 1151, one end of the second support arm 114 connected to the fastening member is formed as a second gear structure 1141, and the first gear structure 1151 and the second gear structure 1141 are engaged with each other. Through adjusting the bolt pine for the both ends homoenergetic of first support arm 115 and second support arm 114 rotates, thereby when making the relative fixed part 113 of removal portion 112 remove, first support arm 115 and second support arm 114 can outwards open, thereby drive the top piece jointly and remove to the direction that is close to big gun hole wall 4, thereby the top tightly is on big gun hole wall 4. Through setting up first gear structure 1151 and second gear structure 1141 of intermeshing, can alleviate the atress of bolt to improve the holistic stability of tight fixing device in top and life. The first support arm 115 and the second support arm 114 are preferably provided with reinforcing ribs to increase the strength and rigidity thereof. Of course, the tightening mechanism may also be other modified structures, for example, two moving portions 112 are provided on the connecting rod 111, one moving portion 112 is connected with the connecting rod 111 by a forward thread, the other moving portion 112 is connected with the connecting rod 111 by a reverse thread, the two moving portions 112 are connected with the tightening member by the supporting arm, the moving portion 112 close to the connecting member is movably connected with the connecting member by a limit, for example, a groove is provided on the moving portion 112, a slider which is matched with the groove and can slide along the groove is provided on the connecting member, or other movable limit structures, by rotating the connecting rod 111, the two moving portions 112 are driven to relatively move, so that the supporting arm can be opened outwards, thereby driving the tightening member to move towards the direction close to the borehole wall 4 and tighten on the borehole wall 4; or the tightening mechanism comprises a cam and a cam shaft, a handle is arranged on the cam shaft, a flange for opening the tightening piece is arranged on the cam, and the tightening piece can also be driven to move towards the direction close to the blast hole wall 4 so as to tighten the tightening piece on the blast hole wall 4.

Specifically, the activity of removal portion 112 is spacing on connecting rod 111, fixed part 113 with fixed connection can be dismantled to the connecting piece, connecting rod 111 can be relative fixed part 113 and the connecting piece removes, in order to drive removal portion 112 is relative fixed part 113 removes. More specifically, one end of the connecting rod 111 is provided with a thread, and the connecting rod 111 is in threaded connection with the fixing portion 113; a rotating part is fixed at the other end of the connecting rod 111, a first limiting part 117 is fixed on the rotating part, a second limiting part 118 is fixed on the connecting rod 111, and the moving part 112 is movably sleeved on the connecting rod 111 and is located between the first limiting part 117 and the second limiting part 118; the connecting piece is provided with a through hole 211 for the connecting rod 111 to pass through. The connecting rod 111 is driven to rotate by rotating the rotating piece, the connecting rod 111 is in threaded connection with the fixing part 113, the fixing part 113 is fixed with the connecting piece, and the connecting piece is fixed in the blast hole due to the fact that the plug connector is inserted into the blast hole wall 4 in advance, so that the connecting rod 111 moves towards the direction close to the fixing part 113 and the connecting piece through threaded transmission, while the rotating piece and the connecting rod 111 move, the first limiting piece 117 can drive the moving part 112 to move towards the direction close to the fixing part 113 and the connecting piece, and the first supporting arm 115 and the second supporting arm 114 can drive the jacking piece to move towards the direction close to the blast hole wall 4 together, so that the jacking piece is tightly propped against the blast hole wall 4; when the blast hole plugging device needs to be taken out of the blast hole, the rotating part can be rotated reversely, so that the connecting rod 111 moves towards the direction away from the fixing part 113 and the connecting piece, meanwhile, the second limiting part 118 can drive the moving part 112 to move towards the direction away from the fixing part 113 and the connecting piece, and the first supporting arm 115 and the second supporting arm 114 can drive the jacking piece to move towards the direction away from the blast hole wall 4 together, so that the jacking piece is separated from the contact with the blast hole wall 4. Of course, the movement of the connecting rod 111 relative to the fixing portion 113 and the connecting member may be realized by other transmission mechanisms, such as a rack and pinion transmission mechanism. The fixing portion 113 is detachably and fixedly connected with the connecting member, and may be connected with a bolt as shown in fig. 3 or clamped; the rotation member is preferably a locking bolt 116, and may be selected from any one of a square bolt, a hexagon bolt and a countersunk bolt, so that it is convenient to rotate the locking bolt 116 mechanically or electrically to move the tightening member closer to the borehole wall 4 to tighten the tightening member against the borehole wall 4, thereby increasing the tightening squeezing force between the tightening member and the borehole wall 4, and when the borehole sealing apparatus of the present invention is placed at a deeper position in the borehole, the locking bolt 116 may be rotated by a locking wrench, wherein, as shown in fig. 11, the locking wrench includes a wrench link 71 and a socket 73 provided at one end of the wrench link 71 and engaged with the locking bolt 116, and the other end of the wrench link 71 is provided with a wrench handle 72 for facilitating rotation. Of course, the rotating member may be a handle fixed to or integrally formed with the connecting rod 111, and the fixed portion 113 and the moving portion 112 preferably have the same number of connecting surfaces as the number of tightening members, so as to facilitate connection with the tightening members via the supporting arms.

Specifically, the tightening member includes a support base 121 and a tightening plate 122 fixed to the support base 121 by welding or bolts, the first support arm 115 is disposed between the support base 121 and the fixing portion 113, and the second support arm 114 is disposed between the support base 121 and the moving portion 112. The tight face in top of tight board 122 be with big gun hole wall 4 matched with arcwall face for the tight board 122 of top can be laminated inseparabler with big gun hole wall 4, improves fixed firm nature. The radian and the size of the jacking plate 122 are designed according to the diameter of a blast hole; the material of the tightening plate 122 can be selected from any one of wear-resistant high manganese steel, alloy steel, rubber and wood, and the surface of the tightening plate 122 can be treated by any one of sand blasting, rolling patterns, welding wires, welding profiles and embedding rubber pads to increase the surface roughness, so that the friction force between the tightening plate 122 and the blast hole wall 4 is increased, and the fixation firmness is further improved. The preferred four of quantity of top piece, and evenly set up along connecting rod 111 circumference, can guarantee whole tight fixing device's in top stability and fixed effect.

Specifically, the plug connector is articulated or is connected through bolt rotation on the connecting piece, be equipped with the elastic component between the afterbody of plug connector and the connecting piece, the quantity of plug connector is preferred four, and evenly sets up along connecting piece circumference. As shown in fig. 5 and 7, the plug connector is a fixing pin 22, the connecting member is a lock plate 21, and the elastic member is a tension spring 23. Of course, the plug connector may also be a plate-shaped structure, and the shape of the plug-in part is an arc shape matching with the blast hole wall 4, the connecting piece may also be a square plate-shaped structure or a plate-shaped structure with other shapes, and the elastic piece may also be a compression spring or other elastic structure provided near the plug-in part.

In addition, after the blasting is completed, the blast hole sealing device of the present invention can be taken out from the blast hole, and the rotating member is first rotated in the reverse direction, so that the connecting rod 111 is moved in a direction away from the fixing portion 113 and the connecting member, meanwhile, the second limiting member 118 drives the moving portion 112 to move away from the fixing portion 113 and the connecting member, so that the first support arm 115 and the second support arm 114 together drive the jacking member to move in a direction away from the blast hole wall 4, thereby disengaging from the blast hole wall 4, and then the entire blast hole plugging device is pulled, under the action of the lifting force and the restoring force of the elastic element, the plug-in element rotates around the rotating connection point, thereby being taken out from the blast hole wall 4 in the lifting process, and simultaneously, the blast hole is exploded after blasting, so that the blast hole is enlarged, the whole blast hole plugging device is favorably taken out from the blast hole, and the blast hole plugging device can be repeatedly used.

As another embodiment, the blast hole plugging device further comprises a connecting device for connecting the tightening and fixing device with the carbon dioxide fracturing device 5. When the carbon dioxide blasting is adopted, the carbon dioxide cracking device 5 needs to be used, wherein as shown in fig. 8, one end of the carbon dioxide cracking device 5 is an ignition head 51, the other end is a pressure release head 52, and an air outlet 521 is arranged on the pressure release head 52. When big gun hole plugging device set up when the big gun hole bottom, send tight fixing device in top and carbon dioxide to split ware 5 through connecting device and link together, can avoid sending at blasting in-process carbon dioxide to split ware 5 and blow out the big gun hole, avoid carbon dioxide gas to leak to avoid influencing blasting effect and producing the potential safety hazard. Specifically, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the connecting device includes a connecting plate 61, one end of the connecting plate 61 is detachably and fixedly connected to the air outlet 521 of the carbon dioxide cracking unit 5, the other end of the connecting plate 61 is symmetrically and rotatably connected with a hard connecting ring 64, one end of the tightening fixing device, which is far away from the pressing fixing device, is provided with a hanging part hung with the hard connecting ring 64, and a return elastic member is arranged between the hard connecting ring 64 and the connecting plate 61, so that the hard connecting ring 64 is hung with the hanging part under the elastic force of the return elastic member. When hanging, the connecting plate 61 is fixed on the air outlet 521 of the carbon dioxide cracking device 5, then the carbon dioxide cracking device 5 is placed downwards, in the placing process, the hard connecting ring 64 is in contact with the hanging part and moves towards two sides of the hanging part, and finally the hard connecting ring is hung on the hanging part under the elastic action of the reset elastic piece and can be kept in a hanging state, so that the jacking fixing device and the carbon dioxide cracking device 5 are connected together. The connecting plate 61 can be a circular plate or a square plate, the hard connecting ring 64 is rotatably connected to the connecting plate 61 through the connecting suspension plate 63, and is rotatably mounted on the connecting plate 61 through a hinge or a bolt, for example, the elastic restoring member is arranged between the connecting suspension plate 63 and the connecting plate 61, the elastic restoring member is a torsion spring 65 or a compression spring arranged outside the connecting suspension plate 63 or an extension spring arranged inside the connecting suspension plate 63 or other structures capable of generating elastic force, and the hard connecting ring 64 is a metal ring or a plastic ring or other hard structures; the hanging part is a conical structure with the caliber gradually increasing from the direction close to the connecting plate 61 to the direction far away from the connecting plate 61, certainly, the hanging part can also be a square structure, or a groove matched with the hard connecting ring 64 can be arranged on the hanging part, so that the hanging firmness is increased, wherein the first limiting part 117 can be used as the hanging part at the same time; the connecting plate 61 is provided with two hanging rings 62, the two hanging rings 62 are respectively positioned on one side of the air outlet 521, the two hanging rings 62 are provided with through holes, bolts can penetrate into the through holes of the other hanging ring 62 from the through holes of the hanging rings 62 through the air outlet 521 and then are screwed up through nuts, and therefore the connecting plate 61 is fixed on the air outlet 521. Of course, two lug plates may be provided on the connecting plate 61, and the two lug plates may be provided with through holes, and may be fixed to the air outlet 521 by bolts.

Fig. 1 and 6 show a specific embodiment of the blast hole plugging device of the present invention, the top fastening fixing device includes four connecting rods 111 and top fastening members, the top fastening members are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the connecting rods 111, the top fastening members include a supporting base 121 and a top fastening plate 122 fixed on the supporting base 121, the surface of the top fastening plate 122 is provided with rolled patterns, two ends of the connecting rods 111 are respectively provided with a fixing portion 113 and a moving portion 112, the fixing portion 113 and the moving portion 112 both have four connecting surfaces, a first supporting arm 115 is arranged between the connecting surfaces corresponding to the fixing portion 113 and the supporting base 121 of each top fastening member, and a second supporting arm 114 is arranged between the connecting surfaces corresponding to the moving portion 112 and the supporting base 121 of each top fastening member; one end of the connecting rod 111 is provided with a thread, the connecting rod 111 is in threaded connection with the fixing part 113, the other end of the connecting rod 111 is fixed with a locking bolt 116, the locking bolt 116 is fixed with a first limiting part 117, the first limiting part 117 is in a conical structure, the connecting rod 111 is fixed with a second limiting part 118, and the moving part 112 is movably sleeved on the connecting rod 111 and is positioned between the first limiting part 117 and the second limiting part 118; the pressing and fixing device comprises a lock disc 21, the lock disc 21 is detachably and fixedly connected with the fixing part 113 through a lock disc bolt 212, a through hole 211 for the threaded end of the connecting rod 111 to pass through is formed in the lock disc 21, four fixing pins 22 are arranged on the lock disc 21 along the circumferential direction of the lock disc, and an extension spring 23 is arranged between the tail of each fixing pin 22 and the lock disc 21; the connecting device comprises a connecting plate 61 and a hard connecting ring 64, the connecting plate 61 is detachably fixed on an air outlet 521 of the carbon dioxide cracking device 5 through a hanging ring 62, the hard connecting ring 64 is rotatably connected to the connecting plate 61 through a connecting hanging plate 63, a torsion spring 65 is arranged between the connecting hanging plate 63 and the connecting plate 61, and the hard connecting ring 64 can be sleeved on the first limiting piece 117 to realize hanging connection.

Referring to fig. 1 and 6, the following is a concrete application example of the blast hole plugging device of the present invention.

Example 1: deep hole step blasting operation for certain open-pit mine in Henan Koelreuteria

A certain strip mine of Henan Koelreuteria is subjected to step blasting operation in a deep hole blasting mode, the depth of a blast hole is 15-18m, the diameter of the blast hole is 200mm, the inclination of the blast hole is 75-90 degrees, and the total amount of ore rocks subjected to one-time blasting is 20 ten thousand tons. Because the depth of blast holes is large, the total explosive amount of one-time blasting is large, local common medium-coarse sand is adopted for blocking, the situation of punching holes is caused due to poor blocking quality caused by compressibility and friction performance, the explosive energy utilization rate is greatly reduced, the field dust concentration is increased, and accordingly the large block rate of the blasted rock is high, and roots are left at the bottom.

In this example, the charge length is 10m and the plug length is 5 m. After the explosive is loaded, firstly, stemming is filled as a plugging material 3 to plug for 3m and is flattened, then the blast hole plugging device is put in, the pressing and fixing device is made to face downwards, the fixing pin 22 is made to be in contact with the plugging material 3, then the fixing pin 22 is made to be inserted into the blast hole wall 4 by pressing downwards, then the locking bolt 116 is rotated through the locking wrench, the jacking plate 122 is jacked on the blast hole wall 4, so that the jacking fixing and pressing fixing double locking functions are started, double fixing is realized, and explosive gas and the stemming are effectively prevented from rushing out towards the orifice direction. In addition, the number of the blast hole plugging devices can be increased properly in consideration of the conditions such as whether the inside of the blast hole contains water and whether the rock mass is broken. After the plugging device is installed, 2m of stemming is filled until the hole is formed, and then the whole charging and plugging process is completed.

Example 2: tunneling blasting operation for tunnel of certain mining area of Shandong exquisite gold mine

The tunnel excavation of a certain mining area of Shandong exquisite gold mine is carried out by a drilling and blasting method, the hardness coefficient f of a rock is 8, the cross section of the tunnel is in a straight-wall arch shape, the section of the upper part of the tunnel is in a semicircular shape (the radius is 3m), and the section of the lower part of the tunnel is in a rectangular shape (the length is multiplied by the height is 6m multiplied by 2.5 m). The roadway driving adopts a cut blasting mode, and double-hole four-hole rhombic cut is firstly carried out at the center of the roadway. The depth of the cut hole is 2.5m, the aperture is 45mm, the ultra-deep is 250mm, and the diameter of the empty hole is 90 mm. Due to the fact that the regional ground stress and the rock mass clamping performance are high, the hole punching phenomenon often occurs in the cut blasting, and the cut effect is not ideal.

In the embodiment, the blast hole plugging length is designed to be 300mm, after the explosive loading is finished, stemming is firstly filled, a part of space is reserved at the orifice to place the blast hole plugging device, the jacking fixing and pressing fixing double locking functions are started, and the blasting operation of the cut hole, the auxiliary hole and the peripheral hole is sequentially carried out.

Example 3: carbon dioxide blasting operation of quarry of Guangdong certain mine

Adopting a liquid carbon dioxide blasting method to mine stones in a stone quarry of a certain mine in Guangdong, wherein the diameter of a blasting hole is 64mm, and the depth of the blasting hole is 2000 mm; the carbon dioxide fracturing unit 5 has a diameter of 54mm and a length of 1500mm (extending to 2300 mm). After detonation, carbon dioxide gas is rapidly sprayed out of the bottom of the blast hole and acts on the blast hole wall 4, the formed shock wave enables the rock to be broken, and a part of energy enables the carbon dioxide fracturing device 5 to be flushed out of the blast hole, so that the carbon dioxide gas is leaked, and the blasting effect is influenced and potential safety hazards are generated.

In the embodiment, because the carbon dioxide cracking device 5 is used for blasting, and the blast hole plugging device needs to be placed at the bottom of a blast hole, a connecting device needs to be used for connecting the carbon dioxide cracking device 5 and the blast hole plugging device, firstly, the double locking functions of propping, fixing and compressing are started, then, the connecting plate 61 is installed on the pressure relief head 52 at the lower end of the carbon dioxide cracking device 5, the hard connecting ring 64 on the connecting plate 1 is contacted with the first limiting piece 117 to move towards two ends in the downward placement process of the cracking device, and finally, the connection between the cracking device and the blast hole plugging device is completed under the action of the torsion spring 65, so that the purpose that the cracking device does not burst out of a hole opening in the carbon dioxide blasting process is achieved.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.

In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The blast hole plugging device is characterized by comprising a jacking fixing device and a pressing fixing device, wherein the jacking fixing device comprises a jacking mechanism, at least two jacking pieces are arranged on the jacking mechanism along the circumferential direction of the jacking mechanism, and the jacking mechanism can drive the jacking pieces to move towards the direction close to a blast hole wall (4) so that the jacking pieces are jacked on the blast hole wall (4); the pressing fixing device comprises a connecting piece which is detachably and fixedly connected with one end of the pressing fixing device, at least two plug connectors are rotatably connected onto the connecting piece, elastic pieces are arranged between the plug connectors and the connecting piece to enable the plug connectors to be obliquely arranged from tail portions to plug portions towards directions far away from the connecting piece, the plug portions of the plug connectors can overcome the elastic action of the elastic pieces to be inserted into the gun hole wall (4) when the plug portions are under pressure, the pressing mechanism comprises a connecting rod (111), fixing portions (113) and moving portions (112) are arranged at two ends of the connecting rod (111) respectively, first supporting arms (115) are arranged between the pressing piece and the fixing portions (113), second supporting arms (114) are arranged between the pressing piece and the moving portions (112), two ends of the first supporting arms (115) are rotatably connected onto the pressing piece and the fixing portions (113) respectively, the two ends of the second supporting arm (114) are respectively connected with the jacking piece in a rotating mode, the moving part (112) can move relative to the fixing part (113), and therefore the first supporting arm (115) and the second supporting arm (114) can drive the jacking piece to move towards the direction close to the gun hole wall (4) together.

2. The blast hole plugging device according to claim 1, wherein said movable portion (112) is movably limited on said connecting rod (111), said fixed portion (113) is detachably and fixedly connected with said connecting member, said connecting rod (111) can move relative to said fixed portion (113) and said connecting member to drive said movable portion (112) to move relative to said fixed portion (113).

3. The blast hole plugging device according to claim 2, wherein one end of said connecting rod (111) is provided with a thread, said connecting rod (111) is in threaded connection with said fixing portion (113); a rotating part is fixed at the other end of the connecting rod (111), a first limiting part (117) is fixed on the rotating part, a second limiting part (118) is fixed on the connecting rod (111), and the moving part (112) is movably sleeved on the connecting rod (111) and is positioned between the first limiting part (117) and the second limiting part (118); the connecting piece is provided with a through hole (211) for the connecting rod (111) to pass through.

4. Blast hole plugging device according to claim 1, characterised in that said jacking member comprises a support base (121) and a jacking plate (122) fixed on said support base (121), said first support arm (115) being arranged between said support base (121) and said fixed part (113), said second support arm (114) being arranged between said support base (121) and said mobile part (112).

5. The blast hole plugging device according to claim 1, wherein both ends of said first support arm (115) are hinged or bolted to said top member and said fixed part (113), respectively, and both ends of said second support arm (114) are hinged or bolted to said top member and said mobile part (112), respectively.

6. The blast hole plugging device according to claim 5, wherein both ends of said first support arm (115) are respectively bolted to said top member and said fixed portion (113), both ends of said second support arm (114) are respectively bolted to said top member and said movable portion (112), and an end of said first support arm (115) connected to said top member is formed as a first gear structure (1151), an end of said second support arm (114) connected to said top member is formed as a second gear structure (1141), and said first gear structure (1151) and said second gear structure (1141) are engaged.

7. The blast hole plugging device according to claim 1, wherein said elastic member is provided between a tail portion of said plug member and said connecting member; the plug connector is hinged or is rotationally connected to the connecting piece through a bolt.

8. The blast hole plugging device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a connecting device for connecting the tightening fixture with a carbon dioxide frac (5).

9. The blast hole plugging device according to claim 8, wherein said connecting device comprises a connecting plate (61), one end of said connecting plate (61) is detachably fixed on the air outlet (521) of said carbon dioxide cracking device (5), another end of said connecting plate (61) is symmetrically and rotatably connected with a hard connecting ring (64), one end of said tightening and fixing device far away from said tightening and fixing device is provided with a hanging part hung with said hard connecting ring (64), and a resetting elastic member is arranged between said hard connecting ring (64) and said connecting plate (61), so that said hard connecting ring (64) is hung with said hanging part under the elastic force of said resetting elastic member.

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