CN112945040B

CN112945040B - Static blasting anti-punching device

Info

Publication number: CN112945040B
Application number: CN202110082259.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘科伟; 杨家彩; 李夕兵; 刘志祥; 焉兆熙; 李旭东; 郭腾飞; 杜少华
Original assignee: Central South University
Current assignee: Central South University
Priority date: 2021-01-21
Filing date: 2021-01-21
Publication date: 2022-08-30
Anticipated expiration: 2041-01-21
Also published as: CN112945040A

Abstract

The invention relates to static blasting auxiliary equipment and discloses a static blasting anti-punching device which comprises a locking piece (1) and at least two unlocking pieces (2), wherein one side of each unlocking piece (2) is rotatably connected with a plug connector, the other side of each unlocking piece is rotatably connected with a deformable pressing piece connected with the plug connector, and the deformable pressing piece can be inserted into a blast hole wall (5) and can deform to press the blast hole wall (5) so as to drive the plug connectors to be inserted into the blast hole wall (5); retaining member (1) is equipped with the mounting including pivot (12) and establishing locking plate (11) at its both ends in pivot (12), the cover on pivot (12), and the one end of each unlocking piece (2) is all rotated and is connected on the mounting, and retaining member (1) can be rotatory to locking position or unlocking position relatively the mounting to make unlocking piece (2) by spacing fix between locking plate (11) or make unlocking piece (2) can rotate. The invention has good blocking effect, is beneficial to the implementation of large-aperture static blasting and ensures the blasting safety.

Description

Static blasting anti-punching device

Technical Field

The invention relates to static blasting auxiliary equipment, in particular to a static blasting anti-punching device.

Background

With the development of modern economy and the continuous perfection of social infrastructure, urban construction rises rapidly. In urban construction, construction sites are often densely populated and building concentrated zones, and no harm such as noise, toxic gas, vibration and flying stones is required in the construction process. In the tunneling of some mines and the factory construction, the requirement for reducing blasting hazard is increasingly higher.

The traditional blasting method is often limited by the field, sometimes the traditional blasting method is not suitable or even forbidden to be broken by adopting an explosive blasting mode, and particularly in the blasting sensitive area, earthquake waves, noise, flying stones and the like caused by explosive blasting can greatly affect the environment and residents. And the traditional crushing machine is adopted to carry out excavation crushing, so that the efficiency is low, and the construction environment is limited.

In this context, static fragmentation techniques based on the reaction of a static fragmentation agent with water to generate an expansion force have been developed. Generally, under the condition of free expansion, after the static crushing agent is fully hydrated, the volume can be increased by 2-4 times. If the explosive is filled in a closed blast hole, the explosive can generate great pressure on the blast hole in the process of volume expansion, and the explosive can be crushed when the pressure is higher than the strength of surrounding media.

At present, in small-aperture static blasting, the diameter of a blast hole is 30mm to 50mm, and the small-aperture static blasting has the problems of large drilling number, low hole forming speed, low construction efficiency and the like. In order to accelerate the construction progress, a large-aperture static blasting construction method is often adopted, but the punching phenomenon often occurs. The common treatment method is to adopt a blast hole blocking device or improve the performance of a static crushing agent, but the anti-punching effect is not ideal and the large-area popularization is difficult. Therefore, the development of a large-aperture static blasting anti-punching device with the advantages of punching prevention, high safety and good blasting effect is urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a static blasting anti-punching device which is simple in structure, convenient to operate, reusable, low in production cost, good in blocking effect, beneficial to implementation of large-aperture static blasting, capable of accelerating blasting progress and capable of ensuring blasting safety.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a static blasting hole punching prevention device which comprises a locking piece and at least two unlocking pieces arranged along the circumferential direction of the locking piece, wherein one side of each unlocking piece is rotatably connected with a plug connector, the other side of each unlocking piece is rotatably connected with a deformable pressing piece, the deformable pressing piece is connected with the plug connector, the end part of the deformable pressing piece can be inserted into the wall of a gun hole, the deformable pressing piece can deform to press the wall of the gun hole, and meanwhile, the plug connector can be driven to rotate to be inserted into the wall of the gun hole; the retaining member includes the pivot and establishes the locking plate at pivot both ends, the cover is equipped with the mounting in the pivot, each the one end of deblocking spare is all rotated and is connected on the mounting, the retaining member can be relative the mounting is rotatory to locking position or unblock position, works as when the retaining member is in locking position, the deblocking spare is spacing to be fixed between the locking plate, works as when the retaining member is in unblock position, the deblocking spare can rotate the tie point around it, and its rotation orbit place plane with locking plate place plane is perpendicular.

Preferably, the deformable pressing piece comprises a deformable connecting piece, one end of the deformable connecting piece is rotatably connected to the unlocking piece, a fixing piece is detachably fixed to the surface, close to the borehole wall, of the other end of the deformable connecting piece, and the end portion of the fixing piece can be inserted into the borehole wall.

Preferably, the deformable connecting piece is bent towards the direction close to the borehole wall; the fixing piece is in a blade shape.

Preferably, the deformable pressing piece and the tail part of the plug connector are provided with ejector rods, two ends of each ejector rod are respectively and rotatably connected to the deformable pressing piece and the tail part of the plug connector, and the unlocking piece is provided with a through hole for the ejector rod to pass through.

Preferably, the unlocking piece is provided with a limit baffle.

Preferably, the mounting is the fixed plate, be equipped with on the fixed plate with each unblock piece matched with holds the mouth, unblock piece one end is rotated and is connected hold the mouth and be close to on the one end inner wall of retaining member, its other end is equipped with the flexible piece that compresses tightly with the plug connector.

Preferably, be equipped with on the locking plate with the breach that unlocking piece quantity is the same, work as when the retaining member is in the unblock position, the breach with unlocking piece's rotation junction is corresponding, so that unlocking piece can rotate around its rotation tie point.

Preferably, a stop rod for supporting the inserting part on the unlocking piece is fixed on the inserting part of the inserting part.

Preferably, a cover plate is detachably fixed on one side of the locking piece, which is far away from the deformable pressing piece, and the cover plate can cover the cannon opening.

Preferably, an elastic part is arranged between the tail part of the plug connector and the unlocking part; the plug connector is hinged or is rotatably connected to the unlocking piece through a bolt.

The invention skillfully designs the combined fixing mode of the plug connector and the deformable pressing piece by utilizing the expansion pressure value generated by the static crushing agent when the large-aperture static rock is crushed and the principle and the characteristics of punching, has simple structure, convenient operation, repeated use, low production cost and good blocking effect, and ensures that the larger the expansion pressure in the hole is, the more ideal the blocking effect is, thereby being beneficial to the implementation of large-aperture static blasting, accelerating the blasting progress and simultaneously ensuring the blasting safety.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram I of a static blasting hole-punching prevention device of the invention (just after being inserted into a blast hole);

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the structure at B in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a second structural schematic diagram (in a fixed state) of the static explosion hole-punching preventing device of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the structure of FIG. 4 at C;

FIG. 6 is a third schematic structural view of the static blasting hole-piercing preventer of the present invention (when taken out of the blast hole);

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the structure shown at D in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a top view of the locking member of the static blast impingement hole apparatus of the present invention in a locked position;

FIG. 9 is a top plan view of the locking member of the static blast impingement hole apparatus of the present invention in an unlocked position;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a fixing plate in the static blasting anti-punching device of the invention.

Description of the reference numerals

1 locking piece 11 locking plate

111 notch 12 rotating shaft

13 handle 2 unlocking piece

21 through hole 22 limit baffle

3 cover plate 41 fixing pin

411 stop bar 421 deformable connecting piece

422 fixed plate 43 extension spring

44 ejector pin 441 backstop

5-gun-hole-wall 6 static crushing agent

7 fixed plate 8 cover plate bolt

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.

The invention provides a static blasting anti-punching device which comprises a locking piece 1 and at least two unlocking pieces 2 arranged along the circumferential direction of the locking piece, wherein one side of each unlocking piece 2 is rotatably connected with a plug connector, the other side of each unlocking piece 2 is rotatably connected with a deformable pressing piece, the deformable pressing piece is connected with the plug connector, the end part of the deformable pressing piece can be inserted into a blast hole wall 5, the deformable pressing piece can deform to press the blast hole wall 5, and meanwhile, the plug connector can be driven to rotate to be inserted into the blast hole wall 5; retaining member 1 includes pivot 12 and establishes the locking plate 11 at 12 both ends of pivot, the cover is equipped with the mounting in pivot 12, each the one end of deblocking piece 2 is all rotated and is connected on the mounting, retaining member 1 can be relative the mounting is rotatory to locking position or unblock position, works as retaining member 1 is when locking position, deblocking piece 2 is spacing to be fixed between the locking plate 11, works as when retaining member 1 is in unblock position, deblocking piece 2 can rotate around its rotation tie point, and its rotation orbit place plane with locking plate 11 place plane is perpendicular. In order to facilitate the installation of the fixing element, one of the locking plates 11 may be integrally formed with the rotating shaft 12, and the other locking plate 11 is fixed to the rotating shaft 12 by a bolt.

When the static blasting anti-punching device is used, a static crushing agent 6 and water are mixed and poured into a blast hole, then the locking piece 1 is rotated to a locking position, then the static blasting anti-punching device is placed into the blast hole, the end part of the deformable pressing piece is inserted into the blast hole wall 5, the deformable pressing piece can deform under the expansion action of the static crushing agent 6 and is pressed on the blast hole wall 5, and the connector clip can be driven to rotate to be inserted into the blast hole wall 5 while the deformable pressing piece deforms, so that the locking of the whole device is realized. After the blasting is finished, the locking piece 1 is rotated to the unlocking position, at the moment, the unlocking piece 2 can rotate around the rotating connecting point of the unlocking piece, and the whole device is lifted upwards, so that the static blasting anti-punching device can be taken out of a blast hole, is convenient to operate and can be used repeatedly. The invention skillfully designs a combined fixing mode of the plug connector and the deformable pressing piece by utilizing the expansion pressure value generated by the static crushing agent when the large-aperture static rock is crushed and the principle and the characteristics of punching, has simple structure, low production cost and good blocking effect, and the blocking effect of the device is more ideal when the internal expansion pressure is higher, thereby being beneficial to the implementation of large-aperture static blasting, accelerating the blasting progress and simultaneously ensuring the blasting safety.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, 4 and 6, the deformable pressing member includes a deformable connecting piece 421, one end of the deformable connecting piece 421 is rotatably connected to the unlocking member 2, a fixing piece 422 is detachably fixed on the surface of the other end close to the borehole wall 5, and the end of the fixing piece 422 can be inserted into the borehole wall 5. Further, the deformable connecting piece 421 is bent toward the direction of the borehole wall 5, so that the deformable connecting piece 421 can be deformed toward the direction of the borehole wall 5 by the expansion of the static breaker 6. The deformable connecting piece 421 is made of deformable material, such as hard rubber or plastic. Deformable connection piece 421 can be dismantled with stationary blade 422 and fix for can change when stationary blade 422 takes place to wear and tear back, stationary blade 422 can be in through bolted connection or joint on the deformable connection piece 421. As shown in fig. 10, the fixing piece 422 is preferably in the shape of a blade, and the end portion thereof is a pointed structure so that it can be more easily inserted into the wall 5 of the borehole, and in addition, when the fixing piece 422 is inserted into the wall 5 of the borehole, the other portion of the fixing piece 422 can be pressed against the wall 5 of the borehole by the deformation of the deformable connecting piece 421, thereby performing a fixing function. In order to increase the frictional force between the fixing piece 422 and the borehole wall 5 and enhance the fixing reliability, a structure capable of increasing the frictional force, for example, a pattern structure or a concave-convex structure, may be provided on the surface of the fixing piece 422 near the borehole wall 5.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, a push rod 44 is disposed between the deformable pressing member and the tail portion of the connector, two ends of the push rod 44 are respectively rotatably connected to the deformable pressing member and the tail portion of the connector, and the unlocking member 2 is provided with a through hole 21 through which the push rod 44 passes. Through set up ejector pin 44 between piece and the plug connector is compressed tightly in the flexible, make the plug connector set up to its grafting portion to the direction slope of keeping away from the unblock piece by its afterbody, compress tightly when piece takes place to warp under the expansion of static breaker 6 in the flexible, the flexible piece that compresses tightly can promote ejector pin 44, ejector pin 44 promotes the afterbody of plug connector, make the grafting portion of plug connector can rotate to the direction that is close to unblock piece 2 round the rotation tie point of plug connector, the length of plug connector will be greater than the distance between its afterbody and the big gun hole wall 5 when the plug connector sets up to making it be located the horizontal direction, thereby the grafting portion of plug connector can insert in big gun hole wall 5 at the pivoted in-process. An elastic piece is arranged between the tail part of the plug connector and the unlocking piece 2, so that the plug connector can be further obliquely arranged from the tail part to the plugging part of the plug connector in the direction away from the unlocking piece 2 so as to be rotatably inserted into the blast hole wall 5, and the plugging part of the plug connector can reset under the elastic action of the elastic piece when the plug connector is unlocked so as to be conveniently taken out of the blast hole; the plug connector is hinged or is rotationally connected to the unlocking piece 2 through a loose adjusting bolt. The number of the plug connectors, the deformable pressing pieces and the unlocking pieces 2 is the same, preferably 4, the arrangement modes are also the same, and the plug connectors, the deformable pressing pieces and the unlocking pieces are all uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the locking piece 1. The plug-in unit is a fixed pin 41 and the elastic unit is a tension spring 43. Of course, the plug-in unit may also be a plate-shaped structure, and the shape of the plug-in unit is an arc shape matching with the blast hole wall 5, and the elastic unit may also be a compression spring or other elastic structure with elasticity arranged near the plug-in unit.

Furthermore, a check part 441 is fixed on the top rod 44, and the check part 441 is located on one side of the unlocking part 2 close to the plug connector. Through setting up non return 441, can carry on spacingly to ejector pin 44, prevent that ejector pin 44 from compressing tightly the direction removal of piece to being close to the flexible, and then can avoid the flexible piece that compresses tightly to the direction removal of keeping away from big gun hole wall 5. The check element 441 may be fixed to or integrally formed on the top rod 44, for example, an annular structure sleeved on the top rod 44 or a boss-shaped structure integrally formed on the top rod 44. Furthermore, a stop rod 411 for supporting the plug part on the unlocking member 2 is fixed on the plug part of the plug part. Because under the pushing action of ejector pin 44, the plug connection portion of plug connector can rotate to the direction that is close to unblock piece 2 around the rotation tie point of plug connector to insert in blast hole wall 5, through setting up stop lever 411, can avoid the plug connector excessively to rotate, can guarantee the firm nature that the plug connector inserted in blast hole wall 5.

Specifically, the unlocking piece 2 is provided with a limit baffle 22. Through setting up limit baffle 22, when inserting the end that inserts the flexible piece that compresses tightly into big gun hole wall 5 in, can restrict the flexible piece that compresses tightly and rotate to the direction of keeping away from big gun hole wall 5 for it inserts better to be convenient for.

Specifically, a cover plate 3 is detachably fixed on one side, far away from the deformable pressing part, of the locking part 1, and the cover plate 3 can cover the blast hole opening. Through setting up apron 3, can prevent effectively that static breaker 6 from rushing out the big gun hole. When the static explosion anti-punching device is used, other parts of the static explosion anti-punching device are placed in the blast hole, the cover plate 3 is fixed on the locking piece 1, after explosion, the cover plate 3 is detached from the locking piece 1, unlocking is carried out, and other parts of the static explosion anti-punching device are taken out of the blast hole. The locking member 1 and the cover plate 3 can be fixed together by a cover plate bolt 8 shown in fig. 2 or by clamping or other detachable connection methods.

Specifically, be equipped with on the locking plate 11 with 2 the same breach 111 of quantity of unlocking piece, work as retaining member 1 is in the unblock position, breach 111 with 2 rotation junctions of unlocking piece are corresponding, so that unlocking piece 2 can rotate around its rotation tie point. As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the number of the unlocking parts 2 is four, correspondingly, the number of the notches 111 arranged on the locking plate 11 is also four, when the locking part 1 rotates to the locking position, each notch 111 is respectively positioned between two adjacent unlocking parts 2, at this time, the rotation connecting end of each unlocking part 2 is limited between the locking plates 11 at two ends of the rotating shaft 12, when the locking part 1 rotates to the unlocking position, each notch 111 respectively corresponds to the rotation connecting position of each unlocking part 2 one by one, at this time, the limitation of the locking plate 11 is not provided, so that the unlocking part 2 can rotate around the rotation connecting point thereof, because the plane of the rotation track is vertical to the plane of the locking plate 11, when unlocking, by pulling up the whole device, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the unlocking part 2 rotates around the rotation connecting point thereof, the original horizontal direction is changed into the inclined direction, thereby the plug connector can be conveniently taken out from the blast hole wall 5, and the whole device can be smoothly taken out of the blast hole, so that the static blasting anti-punching device can be repeatedly used. Wherein, in order to facilitate the rotation of the locker 1, it is preferable that a handle 13 is provided on the locker plate 11 of the locker 1 adjacent to the cover plate 3. Further, the mounting is fixed plate 7, is equipped with on the fixed plate 7 with unlocking piece 2 matched with hold the mouth to can install unlocking piece 2 in holding the mouth, and rotate its one end and connect on holding the mouth and being close to retaining member 1's one end inner wall, its other end is equipped with the flexible piece and the plug connector that compresses tightly. So, can compress tightly on static breaker 6 through fixed plate 7 and unblock piece 2 cooperation, can prevent that static breaker 6 from punching out the big gun hole. Of course, the unlocking piece 2 can also be rotatably connected to the periphery of the fixing piece, and the unlocking pieces 2 can be spliced together to form the whole pressing plate, so that the static crushing agent 6 can be pressed tightly when being locked, and the static crushing agent 6 is prevented from rushing out of the blast hole. The unlocking member 2 is pivotally connected to the fixing member, preferably hingedly connected thereto, although other connections, such as by bolting, loosening the bolt, are also possible and the unlocking member can be pivoted as well.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.

In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention can be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as the idea of the present invention is not violated.

Claims

1. The static blasting punching-proof device is characterized by comprising a locking member (1) and at least two unlocking members (2) arranged along the circumferential direction of the locking member, wherein one side of each unlocking member (2) is rotatably connected with a plug connector, the other side of each unlocking member (2) is rotatably connected with a deformable pressing member, the deformable pressing member is connected with the plug connector, a push rod (44) is arranged between the deformable pressing member and the tail part of the plug connector, the two ends of the push rod (44) are respectively rotatably connected to the deformable pressing member and the tail part of the plug connector, a through hole (21) for the push rod (44) to pass through is formed in each unlocking member (2), the end part of each deformable pressing member can be inserted into a blast hole wall (5), and each deformable pressing member can deform to press the blast hole wall (5), meanwhile, the plug connector can be driven to rotate so as to be inserted into the borehole wall (5);

retaining member (1) includes pivot (12) and establishes locking plate (11) at pivot (12) both ends, the cover is equipped with the mounting in pivot (12), each the one end of deblocking piece (2) is all rotated and is connected on the mounting, retaining member (1) can be relative the mounting is rotatory to locking position or unlocking position, works as when retaining member (1) is in locking position, deblocking piece (2) are spacing to be fixed between locking plate (11), works as when retaining member (1) is in unlocking position, deblocking piece (2) can rotate around its rotation tie point, and its rotation orbit place plane with locking plate (11) place plane is perpendicular.

2. A static blasting anti-impingement device according to claim 1, characterized in that the deformable compression element comprises a deformable connecting piece (421), one end of the deformable connecting piece (421) is rotatably connected to the unlocking element (2), the surface of the other end close to the borehole wall (5) is detachably fixed with a fixing piece (422), and the end of the fixing piece (422) can be inserted into the borehole wall (5).

3. A static blasting anti-impingement device according to claim 2, characterised in that the deformable connection piece (421) is arranged bent towards the wall (5) of the borehole; the fixing pieces (422) are in the shape of blades.

4. A static blasting anti-impingement device according to claim 1, characterised in that the unlocking element (2) is provided with a limit stop (22).

5. A static blasting anti-punching device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing element is a fixing plate (7), the fixing plate (7) is provided with a receiving opening matched with each unlocking element (2), one end of each unlocking element (2) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the receiving opening near the end of the locking element (1), and the other end of each unlocking element is provided with the deformable pressing element and the plug element.

6. A static blasting anti-impingement device according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking plate (11) is provided with notches (111) in the same number as the unlocking member (2), and when the locking member (1) is in the unlocking position, the notches (111) correspond to the rotational connection of the unlocking member (2) so that the unlocking member (2) can rotate around its rotational connection.

7. A static blast hole punch prevention device according to any of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a stop lever (411) for supporting the plug part on the unlocking piece (2) is fixed on the plug part of the plug part.

8. A static blast hole preventing device according to any of the claims 1 to 6, wherein a cover plate (3) is detachably fixed on the side of the locking member (1) away from the deformable pressing member, and the cover plate (3) can cover the blast hole opening.

9. The static blasting punching prevention device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an elastic member is provided between the tail of the plug connector and the unlocking member (2); the plug connector is hinged or is rotationally connected to the unlocking piece (2) through a bolt.