CN112944348A - Waste incineration grate furnace reburning denitration methane treatment system - Google Patents

Waste incineration grate furnace reburning denitration methane treatment system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112944348A
CN112944348A CN202011571551.5A CN202011571551A CN112944348A CN 112944348 A CN112944348 A CN 112944348A CN 202011571551 A CN202011571551 A CN 202011571551A CN 112944348 A CN112944348 A CN 112944348A
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China
Prior art keywords
biogas
methane
nozzle
furnace
nozzles
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CN202011571551.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
龙吉生
单福朋
李建平
严浩文
王玮
余国涛
张坡
袁旗斌
乔旭
贾敏华
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Shanghai SUS Environment Co Ltd
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Shanghai SUS Environment Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202011571551.5A priority Critical patent/CN112944348A/en
Publication of CN112944348A publication Critical patent/CN112944348A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44Details; Accessories
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50Control or safety arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23LSUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Chimneys And Flues (AREA)

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the field of household garbage incineration, and relates to a garbage incineration grate furnace reburning denitration treatment biogas system which consists of a hearth biogas back-spraying nozzle, a secondary air nozzle, a biogas conveying device, a pneumatic regulating valve, a pressure switch, a flame retardant, a grate and a flue; the biogas back-spraying nozzles are arranged in the front arch area and the rear arch area, and the inclination angles of the nozzles are arranged according to the structure of the hearth, so that the flue gas is fully mixed, and the residence time of the flue gas is prolonged; the secondary air nozzle is arranged at the upper part of the biogas back-spray nozzle to supplement oxygen to ensure that the combustible gas is completely combusted; the biogas is taken from the leachate anaerobic fermentation system and is conveyed into the furnace through a biogas conveying device. The invention can treat the methane by spraying the methane into the high-temperature oxygen-poor area of the hearth and simultaneously reduce NOxTo N2. The invention has the functions of adjusting the methane quantity entering the furnace and protecting the safety of the whole system through the methane system protection device. The invention can make the combustible substance completely burn by supplementing secondary air.

Description

Waste incineration grate furnace reburning denitration methane treatment system
Technical Field
The invention is suitable for the field of household garbage incineration, and particularly relates to a methane system for reburning denitration treatment of a garbage incineration grate furnace.
Background
The leachate treatment station is a conventional configuration facility of a waste incineration plant, and leachate can generate a large amount of combustible gases such as methane and the like after anaerobic fermentation, wherein the heat value of the methane is high and can reach 24MJ/Nm3However, in general incineration plants, biogas is burned by a torch, which causes energy waste. In recent years, most waste incineration plants are provided with a biogas burner, biogas enters a furnace through the burner for incineration, so that the heat of the biogas is fully utilized, but the temperature in the furnace is increased due to the fact that the biogas enters the furnace for combustion, and the risks of coking of a hearth and increase of NOx emission concentration are increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Reburning denitration, namely, reburning fuel is mixed with NOx to react under reducing atmosphere to generate N2The invention aims to utilize the principle of reburning denitration, arrange a methane back-spraying nozzle in an oxygen-deficient high-temperature area at the lower part of a secondary air nozzle, and reduce NOx into N by using reducing gas such as methane and the like to react with NOx2CO is produced and then overflowed by supplying secondary air in the upper region. The invention can not only treat the leachate biogas, but also reduce the emission concentration of NOxThe ammonia injection amount of the SNCR system is reduced, the combustion efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the influence on the temperature of the hearth is small.
The invention relates to a specific technical scheme of a refuse incineration grate furnace reburning denitration treatment biogas system, which consists of a hearth biogas back-spraying nozzle, a secondary air nozzle, a biogas conveying device, a pneumatic regulating valve, a pressure switch, a flame retardant device, a grate and a flue. The biogas back-spraying nozzles are arranged in the front arch area and the rear arch area, the designed flow speed is about 60m/s, and the inclination angles of the nozzles are arranged according to the hearth structure, so that the flue gas is fully mixed, and the residence time of the flue gas is prolonged. The secondary air nozzle is arranged at the upper part of the methane back-spray nozzle to supplement oxygen to ensure that the combustible gas is completely combusted. The biogas is taken from the leachate anaerobic fermentation system and is conveyed into the furnace through a biogas conveying device.
The incinerator is composed of a stepped grate with an inclination angle, a front arch, a rear arch, side walls and a flue, a biogas back-spray nozzle and a secondary air nozzle are arranged at the front arch and the rear arch, the biogas back-spray nozzle is respectively arranged at an oxygen-poor area at the upper part of a main combustion area of the front arch and the rear arch, a nozzle in a front arch area is horizontally arranged downwards, and a nozzle in a rear arch area is horizontally arranged. The biogas is taken from a leachate anaerobic fermentation system and is output from a biogas storage tank, the flow is controlled by a pneumatic regulating valve, a pressure regulating system is arranged for maintaining the system pressure, enhancing the gas mixing turbulence and improving the retention time of mixed gas, a gas-water separating system can separate moisture in the biogas, and a pressure switch and a flame arrester prevent smoke or flame from entering a biogas pipeline system. When the section temperature of the biogas nozzle reaches the set temperature, biogas is sprayed into the furnace through the nozzle, and at the moment, the methane and NOx generate chain reaction to reduce the NOx into N2CO is produced. The secondary air nozzles are arranged at the upper parts of the front arch methane nozzles and the rear arch methane nozzles, the arrangement angle is consistent with that of the methane back-spraying nozzles, partial air is sprayed to completely burn combustible materials, and the furnace temperature is adjusted.
When the incinerator is normally combusted, the biogas is sent to a biogas return spray nozzle to be sprayed into the incinerator, the position is an oxygen-poor area with the incinerator temperature being 1000 ℃, and the biogas and part of NO arexProducing chain reaction to N2And CO, which replenishes a portion of the air in the upper region to provide for a complete combustion of the combustible material. At the same time, the system sets up multipleThe protection device, the pressure switch and the flame arrester prevent smoke from flowing back and flame from entering the methane conveying pipeline, and the methane sprayed into the furnace is less than 1% of the total amount of the smoke, so that the strong explosion condition cannot be generated in the furnace.
Furthermore, the invention can treat the methane by spraying the methane into the high-temperature oxygen-poor area of the hearth and simultaneously reduce NOx into N2
Furthermore, the invention adjusts the amount of the methane entering the furnace through the adjusting door.
Furthermore, the pressure of the system is maintained through the pressure regulating system, and the mixing of the gas is enhanced.
Furthermore, the invention divides the moisture in the biogas by a gas-water separation system so as to facilitate the better reaction of the reburning fuel.
Furthermore, the invention protects the safety of the whole system through a methane system protection device.
Furthermore, the invention can improve the utilization efficiency of leachate biogas and reduce the ammonia spraying amount of SNCR.
Furthermore, the secondary air can be supplemented to fully combust CO generated by reburning denitration.
The invention adopts the reburning denitration technology to process the methane, can utilize energy to the maximum extent, improve the combustion efficiency, reduce the ammonia injection amount of the SNCR system, reduce the material consumption, and simultaneously can effectively solve the problem of local high temperature caused by directly injecting the methane into a flame area. The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a system for reburning denitration treated biogas.
Fig. 2 is an implementation process flow diagram.
In fig. 1: 1. the biogas system comprises a biogas storage tank, 2. an explosion-proof pneumatic regulating valve, 3. a pressure regulating system, 4. a gas-water separation system, 5. a pressure gauge, 6. a pressure switch, 7. a flame arrester, 8. a biogas back-spray nozzle, 9. a secondary air nozzle, 10. a fire grate and 11. a flue.
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 1, the incinerator is a step-type fire grate (10) with an inclination angle, a front arch, a rear arch and side wallsThe biogas and secondary air combined type boiler comprises a flue (11), biogas back-spray nozzles (8) and secondary air nozzles (9) are arranged at the front and rear arch positions, the biogas back-spray nozzles (8) are respectively arranged in oxygen-poor areas at the upper parts of main combustion areas of the front and rear arches, nozzles of the front arch area are horizontally arranged downwards by 20 degrees, and nozzles of the rear arch area are horizontally arranged. Biogas is taken from a leachate anaerobic fermentation system and is output from a biogas storage tank (1), the flow is controlled by a pneumatic regulating valve (2), a pressure regulating system (3) is arranged for maintaining the system pressure, enhancing the gas mixing turbulence and improving the retention time of mixed gas, a gas-water separation system (4) can separate moisture in the biogas, and a pressure gauge (5), a pressure switch (6) and a flame arrester (7) prevent smoke or flame from entering a biogas pipeline system. When the temperature of the cross section of the biogas nozzle reaches 1000 ℃, biogas is sprayed into the furnace through the nozzle (8), and at the moment, the methane and NOx generate chain reaction to reduce the NOx into N2CO is produced. The secondary air nozzles (9) are arranged at the upper parts of the biogas nozzles (8) of the front arch and the rear arch, the arrangement angle is consistent with that of the biogas back-spraying nozzles (8), partial air is sprayed to completely burn combustible materials, and the furnace temperature is adjusted.
As shown in figure 2, when the incinerator is normally combusted, the biogas is sent to a biogas back-spray nozzle to be sprayed into the incinerator, the position is an oxygen-poor area with the incinerator temperature of 1000 ℃, and the biogas and part of NO are sprayed into the incineratorxProducing chain reaction to N2And CO, which replenishes a portion of the air in the upper region to provide for a complete combustion of the combustible material. Meanwhile, the system is provided with multiple protection devices, the pressure switch and the flame arrester prevent smoke from flowing backwards and prevent flame from entering the methane conveying pipeline, and the methane sprayed into the furnace is less than 1% of the total amount of the smoke, so that the strong explosion condition cannot be generated in the furnace.
The reburning denitration can achieve a good denitration effect only under a certain environment atmosphere, the residence time, the temperature, the excess air coefficient and the mixing effect of a reburning area are related to the concentration of reburning fuel, the denitration efficiency of the reburning fuel which is generally methane is used can reach more than 20%, and in addition, the system is superior to direct combustion by a torch and combustion by a burner when used for treating the leachate station methane.

Claims (3)

1. A waste incineration grate furnace reburning denitration treatment biogas system is characterized by comprising a hearth biogas back-spray nozzle, a secondary air nozzle, a biogas conveying device, a pneumatic regulating valve, a pressure switch, a flame retardant device, a grate and a flue; the biogas back-spraying nozzles are arranged in the front arch area and the rear arch area, and the inclination angles of the nozzles are arranged according to the structure of the hearth, so that the flue gas is fully mixed, and the residence time of the flue gas is prolonged; the secondary air nozzle is arranged at the upper part of the biogas back-spray nozzle to supplement oxygen to ensure that the combustible gas is completely combusted; the biogas is taken from the leachate anaerobic fermentation system and is sent into the furnace through a biogas conveying device;
the incinerator consists of a stepped grate with an inclination angle, a front arch, a rear arch, side walls and a flue, a biogas back-spray nozzle and a secondary air nozzle are arranged at the positions of the front arch and the rear arch, the biogas back-spray nozzle is respectively arranged in an oxygen-poor area at the upper part of a main combustion area of the front arch and the rear arch, a nozzle in the front arch area is horizontally arranged downwards, and a nozzle in the rear arch area is horizontally arranged; the biogas is taken from a leachate anaerobic fermentation system and is output from a biogas storage tank, the flow is controlled by a pneumatic regulating valve, a pressure regulating system is arranged for maintaining the system pressure, enhancing the gas mixing turbulence and improving the retention time of mixed gas, a gas-water separating system can separate moisture in the biogas, and a pressure switch and a flame arrester prevent smoke or flame from entering a biogas pipeline system; when the section temperature of the biogas nozzle reaches the set temperature, biogas is sprayed into the furnace through the nozzle, and at the moment, the methane and NOx generate chain reaction to reduce the NOx into N2CO is produced; the secondary air nozzles are arranged at the upper parts of the front arch methane nozzles and the rear arch methane nozzles, the arrangement angle is consistent with that of the methane back-spraying nozzles, partial air is sprayed to completely burn combustible materials, and the furnace temperature is adjusted.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the incinerator is normally combusted, and the biogas is fed to a biogas return nozzle and injected into the incinerator, wherein the incinerator is in an oxygen-poor region with the incinerator temperature at a set temperature, and the biogas and part of NO are mixedxProducing chain reaction to N2And CO, supplementing part of air in the upper area to make combustible substances fully combusted; meanwhile, the system is provided with a protection device which prevents the smoke from flowing backwards through a pressure switch and a flame arresterAnd the flame enters the methane conveying pipeline.
3. The waste incineration grate furnace reburning denitration treatment biogas system according to claim 2, wherein the biogas injected into the furnace is less than 1% of the total amount of the flue gas.
CN202011571551.5A 2020-12-27 2020-12-27 Waste incineration grate furnace reburning denitration methane treatment system Pending CN112944348A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113464953A (en) * 2021-07-30 2021-10-01 苏州西热节能环保技术有限公司 Waste incineration system and method for efficiently reducing nitrogen oxides
CN113856444A (en) * 2021-11-08 2021-12-31 浙江工业大学绍兴研究院 Method for preparing ammonia water from aerobic composting waste gas for flue gas SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) denitration

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JPH0716430A (en) * 1993-06-17 1995-01-20 Meidensha Corp Treatment waste gas in methane fermentation system
CN1387006A (en) * 2001-05-18 2002-12-25 清华大学 Method and apparatus for reducing exhaustion of nitrogen oxides from coal-fired boiler
CN101433800A (en) * 2008-12-04 2009-05-20 哈尔滨工业大学 Selective non-catalytic reduction method with added gasified biomass gas and used boiler
JP2013108668A (en) * 2011-11-21 2013-06-06 Takuma Co Ltd Non-catalytic denitrification method for stoker type incinerator
CN104266217A (en) * 2014-10-09 2015-01-07 西安交通大学 Grate-fired furnace multipath denitration system and denitration method thereof
CN105485664A (en) * 2015-12-07 2016-04-13 山西大学 Composite denitration method and device
JP6413034B1 (en) * 2018-01-15 2018-10-24 株式会社タクマ Combustion control method for an incinerator with a biogas combustion engine
CN110078330A (en) * 2019-03-14 2019-08-02 昆明理工大学 A kind of cold district oxygen-enriched combusting marsh gas power generation engineering system
JP2019184096A (en) * 2018-04-04 2019-10-24 川崎重工業株式会社 Waste incineration facility
CN210891669U (en) * 2019-07-22 2020-06-30 光大环保技术研究院(南京)有限公司 Garbage incinerator with 850 ℃/2S combustion process
CN111765488A (en) * 2020-07-03 2020-10-13 上海黎明资源再利用有限公司 Primary air secondary preheating system
CN214120081U (en) * 2020-12-27 2021-09-03 上海康恒环境股份有限公司 Waste incineration grate furnace reburning denitration methane treatment system

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0716430A (en) * 1993-06-17 1995-01-20 Meidensha Corp Treatment waste gas in methane fermentation system
CN1387006A (en) * 2001-05-18 2002-12-25 清华大学 Method and apparatus for reducing exhaustion of nitrogen oxides from coal-fired boiler
CN101433800A (en) * 2008-12-04 2009-05-20 哈尔滨工业大学 Selective non-catalytic reduction method with added gasified biomass gas and used boiler
JP2013108668A (en) * 2011-11-21 2013-06-06 Takuma Co Ltd Non-catalytic denitrification method for stoker type incinerator
CN104266217A (en) * 2014-10-09 2015-01-07 西安交通大学 Grate-fired furnace multipath denitration system and denitration method thereof
CN105485664A (en) * 2015-12-07 2016-04-13 山西大学 Composite denitration method and device
JP6413034B1 (en) * 2018-01-15 2018-10-24 株式会社タクマ Combustion control method for an incinerator with a biogas combustion engine
JP2019184096A (en) * 2018-04-04 2019-10-24 川崎重工業株式会社 Waste incineration facility
CN110078330A (en) * 2019-03-14 2019-08-02 昆明理工大学 A kind of cold district oxygen-enriched combusting marsh gas power generation engineering system
CN210891669U (en) * 2019-07-22 2020-06-30 光大环保技术研究院(南京)有限公司 Garbage incinerator with 850 ℃/2S combustion process
CN111765488A (en) * 2020-07-03 2020-10-13 上海黎明资源再利用有限公司 Primary air secondary preheating system
CN214120081U (en) * 2020-12-27 2021-09-03 上海康恒环境股份有限公司 Waste incineration grate furnace reburning denitration methane treatment system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113464953A (en) * 2021-07-30 2021-10-01 苏州西热节能环保技术有限公司 Waste incineration system and method for efficiently reducing nitrogen oxides
CN113856444A (en) * 2021-11-08 2021-12-31 浙江工业大学绍兴研究院 Method for preparing ammonia water from aerobic composting waste gas for flue gas SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) denitration

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Application publication date: 20210611