CN112943839B - Magnetorheological elastomer shock absorber with adjustable working stroke - Google Patents
Magnetorheological elastomer shock absorber with adjustable working stroke Download PDFInfo
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- CN112943839B CN112943839B CN202110175977.7A CN202110175977A CN112943839B CN 112943839 B CN112943839 B CN 112943839B CN 202110175977 A CN202110175977 A CN 202110175977A CN 112943839 B CN112943839 B CN 112943839B
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- connecting rod
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/53—Means for adjusting damping characteristics by varying fluid viscosity, e.g. electromagnetically
- F16F9/535—Magnetorheological [MR] fluid dampers
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Abstract
The invention relates to a damper with an adjustable working stroke for a magnetorheological elastomer, which comprises the magnetorheological elastomer arranged between two electromagnets, wherein a hinged four-bar mechanism is connected between the two electromagnets, the hinged four-bar mechanism is connected with a supporting bar, the top of the supporting bar is connected with an external load, and the hinged four-bar mechanism is used for converting the vertical movement of the supporting bar into horizontal movement, so that the damper acts on the magnetorheological elastomer to generate elastic deformation and has a damping effect. Compared with the prior art, the damper is based on the magnetorheological elastomer structure, and the displacement of the magnetorheological elastomer is proportionally amplified by the aid of the four-bar mechanism of the hinge and the lever principle, so that the working stroke of the damper is greatly increased, and the damper is suitable for various application requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shock absorbers, in particular to a magnetorheological elastomer shock absorber with an adjustable working stroke.
Background
The shock absorber has extensive application in each field, and current shock absorber is hydraulic pressure, atmospheric pressure shock absorber, spring damper mostly, the above-mentioned several types of shock absorbers, its damping force just confirms when leaving the factory, can't change the size of damping force at any time along with different operating mode and demand, and this just leads to the adaptability of shock absorber relatively poor, and in practical application, when operational environment or operating condition change, just must correspondingly change the shock absorber, causes duty cycle to lengthen, the cost rises.
Therefore, the damping force adjusting control of the shock absorber is researched in the prior art, for example, an air suspension system utilizes active control air pressure to adjust the damping force, but the sealing performance of the air spring is high, a high-pressure air tank needs to be prepared frequently, the adaptability is poor, the maintenance cost is high, and the machining precision is high.
In addition, a magnetorheological elastomer shock absorber is currently researched to realize the damping force adjustability of the shock absorber, but because the magnetorheological elastomer is formed by doping micrometer-sized ferromagnetic particles into a high-molecular polymer, the combination of carbonyl iron powder and rubber is mostly used. The magnetorheological elastomer cannot flow randomly like liquid under the action of external force and only can be compressed, and in order to prevent the structure from being damaged, a limiting device must be applied, so that the generated deformation displacement is very limited, the working stroke of the existing damper for the magnetorheological elastomer is very short, and the actual application requirement cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a magnetorheological elastomer shock absorber with an adjustable working stroke, so as to increase the working stroke of the shock absorber and better meet the requirements of practical application.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: the magnetorheological elastomer shock absorber with the adjustable working stroke comprises a magnetorheological elastomer arranged between two electromagnets, wherein a hinge four-bar mechanism is connected between the two electromagnets, the hinge four-bar mechanism is connected with a supporting rod, the top of the supporting rod is connected with an external load, and the hinge four-bar mechanism is used for converting the vertical movement of the supporting rod into horizontal movement, so that the magnetorheological elastomer generates elastic deformation and plays a shock absorption role.
Furthermore, the hinged four-bar mechanism comprises a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, the tail ends of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are hinged with symmetrical connecting rods, the first connecting rod is in cross connection with the symmetrical connecting rods, and the first connecting rod and the symmetrical connecting rods are hinged with the two electromagnets respectively.
Furthermore, the hinging position of the second connecting rod and the symmetrical connecting rod thereof is connected with the supporting rod.
Furthermore, a limiting block is arranged at the hinged position of the first connecting rod and the symmetrical connecting rods of the first connecting rod, and the limiting block is used for preventing the magnetorheological elastomer from being damaged by overload and preventing the supporting rod from colliding with the four-bar hinge mechanism when moving downwards.
Furthermore, the support rod is provided with an anti-roll mechanism, and the anti-roll mechanism is respectively connected with the second connecting rod and the symmetrical connecting rods thereof.
Furthermore, the anti-roll mechanism comprises a third connecting rod and a symmetrical connecting rod thereof which are mutually crossed and hinged, and the third connecting rod and the symmetrical connecting rod thereof are respectively hinged with the second connecting rod and the symmetrical connecting rod of the second connecting rod.
Furthermore, the electromagnet comprises an iron core and a coil wound on the iron core, the coil wire is connected with the external controllable power supply module, and the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet is correspondingly changed by changing the output current value of the external controllable power supply module, so that the elastic coefficient and the damping coefficient of the magnetorheological elastomer are adjusted, and the effect of adjusting the damping force of the shock absorber is achieved.
Furthermore, a groove for mounting the magnetorheological elastomer is formed in the iron core.
Furthermore, the hinged position of the first connecting rod and the symmetrical connecting rods thereof is connected with a base.
Furthermore, a sealed shell is wrapped outside the base, and the electromagnet and the magnetorheological elastomer are both positioned inside the shell.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the magnetorheological elastomer is arranged between the two electromagnets, the two electromagnets are connected with the hinge four-bar mechanism, and the hinge four-bar mechanism is used for converting the vertical movement of the supporting rod for mounting the load into the horizontal movement by arranging the connecting rods which are hinged with each other, the connecting rods which are hinged with each other and the symmetrical connecting rods thereof on the basis of the lever principle, so that the transverse horizontal displacement of the magnetorheological elastomer is proportionally amplified, the working stroke of the whole shock absorber is effectively increased, and the application range of the magnetorheological elastomer shock absorber is expanded.
2. The invention utilizes the electromagnet with the coil wound on the iron core and the external controllable power module to increase the controllability of the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet, thereby being beneficial to accurately and timely adjusting the damping force of the shock absorber.
3. According to the invention, the limiting block is arranged at the hinging position of the first connecting rod and the symmetrical connecting rod in the hinged four-bar mechanism, so that the effects of preventing the magnetorheological elastomer from being damaged by overload and preventing the load supporting rod from colliding with the four-bar mechanism can be achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an electromagnet according to the present invention;
the symbols in the figure illustrate: 1. the device comprises an electromagnet, 2, a hinge, 3, a magnetorheological elastomer, 4, a hinge, 5, a first connecting rod, 6, a hinge, 7, a second connecting rod, 8, a supporting rod, 9, a hinge, 10, a third connecting rod, 11, a hinge, 12, a limiting block, 13, a base, 14, a shell, 15, a controllable power supply module, 16, an iron core, 17, a coil, 18 and a wire.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, a damper for a magnetorheological elastomer with an adjustable working stroke comprises a magnetorheological elastomer 3 installed between two electromagnets 1, a hinged four-bar mechanism is connected between the two electromagnets 1, the hinged four-bar mechanism is connected with a supporting rod 8, the top of the supporting rod 8 is connected with an external load, and the hinged four-bar mechanism is used for converting the vertical movement of the supporting rod 8 into horizontal movement, so that the damper acts on the magnetorheological elastomer 3 to generate elastic deformation and play a role in damping.
The hinged four-bar mechanism comprises a first connecting rod 5 and a second connecting rod 7, the tail ends of the first connecting rod 5 and the second connecting rod 7 are mutually hinged through a hinge 6, the first connecting rod 5 and the second connecting rod 7 are correspondingly hinged with symmetrical connecting rods respectively, the first connecting rod 5 and the symmetrical connecting rods are in cross connection through hinges 4, and the first connecting rod 5 and the symmetrical connecting rods are respectively hinged to the two electromagnets 1 through hinges 2;
the second connecting rod 7 and the symmetrical connecting rods thereof are mutually connected through a hinge 11, and the hinged position is connected with the supporting rod 8;
in order to prevent the magnetorheological elastomer 3 from being damaged by overload and prevent the support rod 8 from colliding with the hinged four-bar mechanism when moving downwards, a limiting block 12 is arranged at the hinged position of the first connecting rod 5 and the symmetrical connecting rods thereof.
Under the action of an external load, in order to ensure the balance of the supporting rod 8, the supporting rod 8 is provided with an anti-roll mechanism, the anti-roll mechanism is respectively connected with the second connecting rod 7 and the symmetrical connecting rods thereof, the anti-roll mechanism comprises a third connecting rod 10 and the symmetrical connecting rods thereof which are mutually crossed and hinged through a hinge 9, the third connecting rod 10 and the symmetrical connecting rods thereof are respectively hinged with the symmetrical connecting rods of the second connecting rod 7 and the second connecting rod 7, and the anti-roll mechanism is utilized to provide lateral force for the supporting rod 8 and prevent roll.
In this embodiment, the electromagnet 1 is cylindrical, as shown in fig. 2, the electromagnet 1 includes an iron core 16 and a coil 17 wound on the iron core 16, and in order to ensure magnetic field strength and uniformity, a groove for installing the magnetorheological elastomer 3 is formed in the iron core 16;
the coil wire 18 is connected with the external controllable power supply module 15, and the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet 1 is correspondingly changed by changing the output current value of the external controllable power supply module 15, so that the elastic coefficient and the damping coefficient of the magnetorheological elastomer 3 are adjusted, and the effect of adjusting the damping force of the shock absorber is achieved.
In addition, the hinged position of the first connecting rod 5 and the symmetrical connecting rods thereof is connected with a base 13, in the embodiment, the base 13 and the hinged four-bar mechanism are in non-rigid connection, a sealed shell 14 is wrapped outside the base 13, the electromagnet 1 and the magnetorheological elastomer 3 are both positioned inside the shell 14 and below the base 13, and the shell 14 is utilized to protect the magnetorheological elastomer 3 from being polluted by the outside.
In conclusion, the hinge four-bar mechanism is added on the structure of the magnetorheological elastomer shock absorber, the lever principle is utilized to amplify the displacement of the magnetorheological elastomer in proportion, so that the working stroke of the shock absorber is greatly increased to meet various working requirements, the displacement of the magnetorheological elastomer is ingeniously amplified through the hinge four-bar mechanism, the working stroke of the shock absorber is improved, the problem that the current magnetorheological elastomer shock absorber is short in working stroke is solved, the application range of the magnetorheological elastomer shock absorber is expanded, and a new thought is provided for the design and research of the magnetorheological elastomer shock absorber in the future;
when the electromagnet is not electrified, the shock absorber is a passive shock absorber, when the electromagnet is electrified and connected with the controllable power supply module, the shock absorber can control the damping force of the shock absorber only by adjusting the current, the application scenes are greatly increased, and the dynamic automatic adjustment of the damping force corresponding to a real-time working condition environment can be realized by combining with a computer;
the parts except the magnetorheological elastomer, the base, the supporting rod and the shell are mass production standard parts, so that the cost and the assembly difficulty can be greatly reduced, the mode of coils in the past is replaced by the mode of mass production of cylindrical electromagnets in the magnetorheological elastomer shock absorber, the controllable strength of a magnetic field is increased, and the actual value of the damping force is close to the theoretical value as far as possible. The magneto-rheological elastomer is directly arranged at the iron core of the electromagnet, so that the strength and the uniformity of a magnetic field are ensured.
The specific working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: the external load acts on the support rod to form up-and-down motion, the up-and-down motion is converted into left-and-right motion through the action of the four-bar mechanism of the hinge, the up-and-down displacement is proportionally reduced, the transverse displacement is increased, the transverse displacement acts on the magnetorheological elastomer to be converted into elastic deformation, and finally vibration is reduced; the current passing through the electromagnet is adjusted through the controllable power supply module, so that the size of a magnetic field passing through the magnetorheological elastomer is adjusted, and finally the size of the damping force of the shock absorber is adjusted; when the load is too large, the magnetorheological elastomer displaces too much, the limiting block collides, further displacement deformation is prevented, and the whole shock absorber is protected.
In practical application, the shock absorber can be arranged near each end point of a load in pairs respectively, the length of the four-bar linkage can be controlled by connecting rods with different lengths according to different working conditions and use environments, and all hinged parts need to be maintained and replaced regularly by using proper lubricating grease.
Claims (5)
1. The damper with the adjustable working stroke is characterized by comprising a magnetorheological elastomer (3) arranged between two electromagnets (1), wherein a hinged four-bar mechanism is connected between the two electromagnets (1), the hinged four-bar mechanism is connected with a supporting bar (8), the top of the supporting bar (8) is connected with an external load, and the hinged four-bar mechanism is used for converting the vertical movement of the supporting bar (8) into horizontal movement, so that the damper acts on the magnetorheological elastomer (3) to generate elastic deformation and play a role in damping;
the hinge four-bar mechanism comprises a first connecting rod (5) and a second connecting rod (7) with the tail ends hinged with each other, the first connecting rod (5) and the second connecting rod (7) are correspondingly hinged with symmetrical connecting rods respectively, the first connecting rod (5) is in cross connection with the symmetrical connecting rods, the first connecting rod (5) and the symmetrical connecting rods are hinged with the two electromagnets (1) respectively, and the hinged positions of the second connecting rod (7) and the symmetrical connecting rods are connected with a supporting rod (8);
a limiting block (12) is arranged at the hinged position of the first connecting rod (5) and the symmetrical connecting rods, and the limiting block (12) is used for preventing the magnetorheological elastomer (3) from being damaged by overload and preventing the supporting rod (8) from colliding with the hinged four-bar mechanism when moving downwards;
the anti-roll mechanism is arranged on the supporting rod (8), the anti-roll mechanism is respectively connected with the second connecting rod (7) and the symmetrical connecting rods thereof, the anti-roll mechanism comprises a third connecting rod (10) and the symmetrical connecting rods thereof which are mutually crossed and hinged, and the third connecting rod (10) and the symmetrical connecting rods thereof are respectively hinged with the symmetrical connecting rods of the second connecting rod (7) and the second connecting rod (7).
2. The magnetorheological elastomer shock absorber with the adjustable working stroke according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnet (1) comprises an iron core (16) and a coil (17) wound on the iron core (16), a lead (18) of the coil (17) is connected with an external controllable power module (15), and a magnetic field generated by the electromagnet (1) is correspondingly changed by changing the output current value of the external controllable power module (15), so that the elastic coefficient and the damping coefficient of the magnetorheological elastomer (3) are adjusted, and the effect of adjusting the damping force of the shock absorber is achieved.
3. The damper with the adjustable working stroke of the magnetorheological elastomer according to claim 2, wherein the iron core (16) is provided with a groove for mounting the magnetorheological elastomer (3).
4. A stroke adjustable magnetorheological elastomer shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the first link (5) is connected with a base (13) at the hinge point of the symmetrical links.
5. A stroke adjustable magnetorheological elastomer shock absorber according to claim 4, wherein the base (13) is surrounded by a sealed housing (14), and the electromagnet (1) and the magnetorheological elastomer (3) are both located inside the housing (14).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110175977.7A CN112943839B (en) | 2021-02-09 | 2021-02-09 | Magnetorheological elastomer shock absorber with adjustable working stroke |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110175977.7A CN112943839B (en) | 2021-02-09 | 2021-02-09 | Magnetorheological elastomer shock absorber with adjustable working stroke |
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| CN112943839B true CN112943839B (en) | 2023-02-10 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB9802890D0 (en) * | 1998-02-11 | 1998-04-08 | Rover Group | Vehicle suspensions |
| KR100482882B1 (en) * | 2002-10-08 | 2005-04-14 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Dynamic exhaust mounting for booming noise reducing |
| CN100478581C (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2009-04-15 | 重庆大学 | Parallel type vibration isolation buffer based on magneto-rheological technology |
| CN106627287A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-05-10 | 江苏大学镇江流体工程装备技术研究院 | Magneto-rheological six-degree-of-freedom parallel vibration reduction platform for vehicle seat |
| CN207481595U (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2018-06-12 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of semi-active suspension elastomeric element of variation rigidity |
| CN208165059U (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-11-30 | 重庆工程职业技术学院 | Computer motherboard device transfer device |
| CN109223190A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-01-18 | 重庆医药高等专科学校 | Medical treatment and nursing monitor device |
| CN209583410U (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2019-11-05 | 中建五局安装工程有限公司 | A kind of pipeline lifting self-locking jig |
| CN111946127B (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2021-07-30 | 天津城建大学 | Magnetorheological elastomer intelligent shock insulation support with high vertical bearing capacity |
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