CN112942277A - Unmanned ship for cleaning duckweeds on river surface and using method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of riverway water surface cleaning equipment, in particular to an unmanned ship for cleaning duckweeds on a riverway water surface and a using method thereof. This kind of be used for clear unmanned ship of river course surface of water duckweed and application method thereof drives through actuating mechanism and inhales the mechanism and salvage the surface of water duckweed suction formula, improves the efficiency of salvaging the duckweed, reduces the energy consumption, and the hull can carry out dynamic adjustment according to the load capacity of difference to the height of inhaling the mechanism at the in-process of salvaging the duckweed, realizes keeping high-efficient quick salvage clearance to the duckweed.

Description

Unmanned ship for cleaning duckweeds on river surface and using method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of riverway water surface cleaning equipment, in particular to an unmanned ship for cleaning duckweeds on a riverway water surface and a using method thereof.

Background

The eutrophication of the river course water can lead to the dramatic increase of duckweed, and then make duckweed can cover whole river course surface of water, and then make river course water dissolve oxygen and descend, shelter from sunshine moreover, further worsen the water environment, consequently need clear up the duckweed of river course surface of water.

The existing method for cleaning the duckweeds on the river surface adopts an unmanned ship with an automatic driving function to clean the duckweeds in order to increase the cleaning efficiency, the front end of the unmanned ship is provided with the belt conveyor for salvage, because one end of the belt conveyor far away from the ship body is deep into the water body, therefore, the duckweed can easily touch the bottom of a shallow water area, so that the belt conveyor is easily damaged, and the belt conveyor pushes water flow to cause the duckweeds to flow to two sides when being conveyed forwards, thereby reducing the fishing efficiency of the belt conveyor, and in addition, the duckweeds are small and easy to adhere to the belt conveyor and are not suitable for cleaning, the meshes of the conveyor belt on the belt conveyor are blocked, and the salvaged duckweeds can be carried into the water body by the conveyor belt of the belt conveyor again, further causing the phenomenon of idle consumption and increasing energy consumption, and in view of the above, an unmanned ship for cleaning duckweeds on the river surface and a using method thereof are provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an unmanned ship for cleaning duckweed on the water surface of a river channel and a using method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a be used for clear unmanned ship of river course surface of water duckweed, which comprises a ship body, be provided with the duckweed collecting box that is used for collecting the duckweed on the hull, be provided with on the lateral wall of hull and can be according to the mechanism of accomodating of surface of water height-adjusting, it is used for carrying out the suction formula to the surface of water duckweed and salvages to accomodate the mechanism, it is provided with actuating mechanism in the mechanism to accomodate, and actuating mechanism and the transmission of accomodating the mechanism are connected, be provided with on the hull and be used for carrying out the green water mechanism of dewatering to the duckweed core that the mechanism.

Preferably, it includes that the dead axle rotates the screw rod of connection on the hull lateral wall to take in the mechanism, and the vertical direction setting of screw rod, and threaded connection has the lift seat on the screw rod, and the one end of screw rod is connected with the output axle head transmission of motor one, and motor one fixes on the lateral wall of hull, is fixed with the lifter plate that the level set up on the lift seat, and actuating mechanism sets up on the lifter plate.

Preferably, the bottom surface of lifter plate is fixed with the vertical slide bar that is provided with downwards, the kicking block has been cup jointed on the slide bar, and the kicking block can slide from top to bottom on the slide bar, be fixed with touch switch one and touch switch two on the slide bar, be fixed with the vertical ejector pin that upwards is provided with on the kicking block, the upper end of ejector pin is fixed with the feeler lever, position setting about touch switch one and touch switch two, the feeler lever is located the position between touch switch one and the touch switch two, and the feeler lever can be supported the knot with touch switch one and touch switch two respectively and contact.

Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a second motor fixed on the upper surface of the lifting plate, a first horizontal rotating shaft is fixed at the output shaft end of the second motor, a second rotating shaft penetrates through the lifting plate and can rotate on the lifting plate in a fixed shaft mode, the upper end of the second rotating shaft is in transmission connection with a rotating shaft through a bevel gear set, a main chain wheel is fixed at the lower end of the second rotating shaft, the absorbing mechanism further comprises a first volute fixed on the lifting plate, a first impeller is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft inside the first volute, the first impeller and the first rotating shaft are in transmission connection with one end, far away from the second motor, of the first volute, a discharging pipe is tangent and fixedly connected to the side wall of the first volute, and the discharging pipe is communicated with the.

Preferably, it still includes a plurality of hollow axostylus axostyles that the dead axle rotated to be connected on the lifter plate to absorb the mechanism, hollow axostylus axostyle vertical setting, and the upper end opening of hollow axostylus axostyle runs through the upside that the lifter plate is located the lifter plate, be fixed with the sleeve corresponding with hollow axostylus axostyle on the lifter plate, the upper end dead axle of hollow axostylus axostyle rotates to be connected in the sleeve that corresponds, the sleeve is linked together with the entrance point of arranging the material pipe, be fixed with the backup pad on the hull, be fixed with spiral case two in the backup pad, the inside dead axle of spiral case two rotates and is connected with impeller two, arrange the material pipe and tangent and fixed connection of lateral wall of spiral case two, and arrange the inside.

Preferably, be fixed with the auxiliary sprocket on the lateral wall of hollow axostylus axostyle, it is a plurality of the auxiliary sprocket passes through the chain and is connected with the drive of main chain wheel, and the equal fixedly connected with limiting plate in the upper and lower both sides of auxiliary sprocket and main chain wheel, the lower extreme of hollow axostylus axostyle is fixed and has cup jointed the lantern ring, and perpendicular and a plurality of covers that absorb water of fixedly connected with are a plurality of on the lateral wall of the lantern ring the cover that absorbs water sets up along the circumference trend of the lantern ring at equal intervals, and the cover that absorbs water is rectangular shape, and one.

Preferably, the water filtering mechanism comprises a water tank fixed inside the ship body, a draining pump is arranged at the bottom of the water tank, the inlet end of the draining pump is communicated with the inside of the water tank, a screen plate is fixed at the upper end of the water tank, the screen plate is obliquely arranged, the lower end of the screen plate is positioned above the duckweed collecting box, and the outlet end of the material guide pipe is positioned at the upper end of the screen plate.

Preferably, a back plate is fixed on the screen plate, two belt wheels are rotatably connected to a dead axle on the back plate and are in transmission connection through a belt, a second impeller is in transmission connection with one of the two belt wheels through a chain wheel assembly, the central connecting line of the two belt wheels is parallel to the screen plate, a fixed block is rotatably connected to the dead axle on the belt, a scraper is fixed to one side, facing the screen plate, of the fixed block, a guide rod is fixed to one side, facing away from the screen plate, of the fixed block, a slide rail is fixed to the back plate and is parallel to the central connecting line of the two belt wheels, a slide sleeve is slidably connected to the slide rail, and the.

Preferably, the system further comprises a controller, wherein a signal input end of the controller is electrically connected with the first touch switch and the second touch switch respectively, and an execution output end of the controller is electrically connected with the first motor, the second motor and the drainage pump respectively.

In addition, the application also provides a using method of the unmanned ship for cleaning the duckweeds on the water surface of the river channel, which comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: the driving mechanism drives the absorbing mechanism to suck and salvage the duckweeds on the water surface;

step two: the absorbing mechanism conveys the salvaged duckweeds to the water filtering mechanism for water removal;

step three: the height position between the absorbing mechanism and the water surface is automatically adjusted according to the loading weight of the duckweeds.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, the driving mechanism drives the absorbing mechanism to suck and salvage the duckweeds on the water surface, so that the efficiency of salvaging the duckweeds is improved, the duckweeds cannot spread outwards due to the advancing of the ship body, the absorbing mechanism conveys the salvaged duckweeds to the water filtering mechanism for water removal, so that the ship body can load more duckweeds, the salvaging amount of the duckweeds is improved, the number of times of unloading the ship body close to the shore is reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, the height position of the absorbing mechanism and the water surface is automatically adjusted by the absorbing mechanism according to the loading weight of the duckweeds, the height of the absorbing mechanism can be dynamically adjusted by the ship body according to different loading amounts in the course of salvaging the duckweeds, and the efficient and rapid salvaging and cleaning of the.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a first schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of the final assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of the final assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional structure B-B in FIG. 1;

fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at C in fig. 1.

In the figure: 1. a hull; 2. a screw; 3. a first motor; 4. a lifting seat; 5. a lifting plate; 6. a first touch switch; 7. a feeler lever; 8. a second touch switch; 9. a top rod; 10. floating blocks; 11. a slide bar; 12. a bevel gear set; 13. a first rotating shaft; 14. a first volute; 15. a discharge pipe; 16. a second rotating shaft; 17. a main sprocket; 18. a chain; 19. a secondary sprocket; 20. a limiting plate; 21. a hollow shaft; 22. a sleeve; 23. a collar; 24. a water absorbing cover; 25. a second motor; 26. a support plate; 27. a second volute; 28. an impeller II; 29. A slide rail; 30. a sprocket assembly; 31. a material guide pipe; 32. a water tank; 33. a duckweed collection box; 34. draining pump; 35. a screen plate; 36. a back plate; 37. a pulley; 38. a belt; 39. a fixed block; 40. a squeegee; 41. a sliding sleeve; 42. a guide bar; 43. and a first impeller.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a technical solution:

the utility model provides a be used for clear unmanned ship of river course surface of water duckweed, including hull 1, be provided with the duckweed collecting box 33 that is used for collecting the duckweed on hull 1, be provided with on hull 1's the lateral wall and can be according to surface of water height-adjusting's mechanism of accomodating, it is used for carrying out the suction formula to the surface of water duckweed and salvages to accomodate the mechanism, it is provided with actuating mechanism in the mechanism to accomodate, and actuating mechanism is connected with the transmission of accomodating the mechanism, be provided with on hull 1 and be used for carrying out the green water mechanism of dewatering to the duckweed core that the mechanism was salvaged of accom.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the absorbing mechanism includes a fixed shaft, a screw rod 2 rotatably connected to the outer side wall of the ship body 1, the screw rod 2 is arranged in the vertical direction, a lifting seat 4 is connected to the screw rod 2 in a threaded manner, one end of the screw rod 2 is in transmission connection with the output shaft end of a motor 3, the motor 3 is fixed to the outer side wall of the ship body 1, a lifting plate 5 horizontally arranged is fixed to the lifting seat 4, and a driving mechanism is arranged on the lifting plate 5.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a slide rod 11 is vertically and downwardly arranged on the bottom surface of the lifting plate 5, a floating block 10 is sleeved on the slide rod 11, the floating block 10 can slide up and down on the slide rod 11, a first touch switch 6 and a second touch switch 8 are fixed on the slide rod 11, a top rod 9 is vertically and upwardly arranged on the floating block 10, a touch rod 7 is fixed at the upper end of the top rod 9, the first touch switch 6 and the second touch switch 8 are vertically arranged, the touch rod 7 is located between the first touch switch 6 and the second touch switch 8, and the touch rod 7 can be respectively in abutting-buckling contact with the first touch switch 6 and the second touch switch 8.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the driving mechanism includes a second motor 25 fixed on the upper surface of the lifting plate 5, a first horizontally-disposed rotating shaft 13 is fixed at an output shaft end of the second motor 25, a second rotating shaft 16 penetrates through the lifting plate 5, the second rotating shaft 16 can be fixed-shaft rotated on the lifting plate 5, an upper end of the second rotating shaft 16 is in transmission connection with the first rotating shaft 13 through a bevel gear set 12, a main chain wheel 17 is fixed at a lower end of the second rotating shaft 16, the absorbing mechanism further includes a first volute 14 fixed on the lifting plate 5, a first impeller 43 is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft inside the first volute 14, the first impeller 43 is in transmission connection with one end of the first rotating shaft 13, which is far away from the second motor 25, a discharge pipe 15 is tangent to and fixedly connected to a side wall of the first volute 14, and the discharge pipe 15.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the absorbing mechanism further includes a plurality of hollow shafts 21 rotatably connected to the lifting plate 5 in a fixed axis manner, the hollow shafts 21 are vertically arranged, the upper end of the hollow shaft rod 21 is opened and penetrates through the lifting plate 5 to be positioned at the upper side of the lifting plate 5, a sleeve 22 corresponding to the hollow shaft rod 21 is fixed on the lifting plate 5, the upper end of the hollow shaft rod 21 is fixedly connected in the corresponding sleeve 22 in a fixed-axis manner, the sleeve 22 is communicated with the inlet end of the discharge pipe 15, a support plate 26 is fixed on the ship body 1, a second volute casing 27 is fixed on the support plate 26, the inner fixed-axis of the second volute casing 27 is rotatably connected with a second impeller 28, and the discharge pipe 15 is tangent to and fixedly connected with the side wall of the second volute casing 27, the discharge pipe 15 is communicated with the inside of the second volute 27, the outlet end of the discharge pipe 15 is communicated with the material guide pipe 31, and the material guide pipe 31 is used for outputting the duckweed to the water filtering mechanism.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 4 and fig. 5, an auxiliary sprocket 19 is fixed on the outer side wall of a hollow shaft 21, the auxiliary sprockets 19 are in transmission connection with a main sprocket 17 through a chain 18, limiting plates 20 are fixedly connected to the upper side and the lower side of the auxiliary sprockets 19 and the upper side and the lower side of the main sprocket 17, a lantern ring 23 is fixed to and sleeved at the lower end of the hollow shaft 21, a plurality of water absorption covers 24 are vertically and fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the lantern ring 23, the water absorption covers 24 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference direction of the lantern ring 23, the water absorption covers 24 are long-strip-shaped, one side of each water absorption cover 24 is open, and the water.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the water filtering mechanism includes a water tank 32 fixed inside the hull 1, a water draining pump 34 is disposed at the bottom of the water tank 32, an inlet end of the water draining pump 34 is communicated with the inside of the water tank 32, a net plate 35 is fixed at an upper end of the water tank 32, the net plate 35 is disposed in an inclined manner, a lower end of the net plate 35 is located above the duckweed collecting tank 33, and an outlet end of the material guiding pipe 31 is located at an upper end of the net plate 35.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a back plate 36 is fixed on the screen plate 35, two belt wheels 37 are rotatably connected to the back plate 36 in a fixed axis manner, the two belt wheels 37 are in transmission connection through a belt 38, the second impeller 28 is in transmission connection with one of the belt wheels 37 through the sprocket assembly 30, a central connecting line of the two belt wheels 37 is parallel to the screen plate 35, a fixed block 39 is rotatably connected to the belt 38 in a fixed axis manner, a scraper 40 is fixed on one side of the fixed block 39 facing the screen plate 35, a guide rod 42 is fixed on one side of the fixed block 39 facing away from the screen plate 35, a slide rail 29 is fixed on the back plate 36, the slide rail 29 is parallel to the central connecting line of the two belt wheels 37, a slide sleeve 41 is slidably connected to the.

In this embodiment, the system further comprises a controller, a signal input end of the controller is electrically connected with the first touch switch 6 and the second touch switch 8, and an execution output end of the controller is electrically connected with the first motor 3, the second motor 25 and the drainage pump 34.

The use method and the advantages of the invention are as follows: when the unmanned ship for cleaning the duckweeds on the river surface is used for carrying out the fishing and cleaning operation of the duckweeds, the working process is as follows:

the method comprises the following steps: as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the controller starts the motor two 25 to operate, the motor two 25 drives the rotating shaft one 13 to rotate after operating, the rotating shaft one 13 drives the impeller one 43 to rotate, the impeller one 43 pumps the inside of the hollow shaft rod 21 through the discharging pipe 15, so that the inside of the hollow shaft rod 21 generates a pumping force, the suction force sucks duckweed and water liquid on the water surface into the hollow shaft rod 21 through the water suction cover 24, and the duckweed and water liquid are conveyed into the material guide pipe 31 through the material discharge pipe 15, then the duckweed is conveyed into a water filtering mechanism by a material guide pipe 31 to realize suction type salvaging of the duckweed, in the process of pumping and salvaging the duckweeds, as the water flows from the periphery to the water absorption cover 24, the water flow can drive the duckweeds around to actively approach the water absorption cover 24, therefore, the salvaging efficiency of the duckweeds is improved, and the duckweeds cannot be diffused outwards due to the advancing of the ship body 1;

the rotating shaft II 16 is driven to rotate through the bevel gear set 12 in the rotating process of the rotating shaft I13, the rotating shaft II 16 synchronously drives the main chain wheel 17 to rotate, so that the main chain wheel 17 drives each auxiliary chain wheel 19 to rotate through the chain 18, the limiting plates 20 on the main chain wheel 17 and the auxiliary chain wheels 19 are used for limiting the chain 18, the stability of the chain in connection with the corresponding main chain wheel 17 and the corresponding auxiliary chain wheel 19 in the transmission process of the main chain wheel 17 and the auxiliary chain wheels 19 is improved, the rotation of the auxiliary chain wheels 19 synchronously drives the corresponding hollow shaft rods 21 to rotate, so that the hollow shaft rods 21 drive the corresponding water absorption covers 24 to rotate through the lantern rings 23, and the water absorption covers 24 are enabled to actively approach and capture the duckweeds gathered around while sucking the duckweeds, and the duckweeds fishing efficiency is further improved;

step two: as shown in the first step, the duckweed pumped and salvaged by the absorbing mechanism and the water liquid are output to the screen plate 35 through the material guide pipe 31 and then filtered through the screen plate 35, so that the water liquid falls into the water tank 32, the duckweed is positioned on the screen plate 35, the controller controls the operation of the water discharge pump 34, the water discharge pump 34 discharges the water liquid in the water tank 32 to the inside of the ship body 1, and therefore the water filtration treatment of the duckweed is realized, the ship body 1 can be loaded with more duckweeds, the salvaging amount of the duckweeds is increased, the number of times of discharging the ship body 1 close to the shore is reduced, and the;

the discharge pipe 15 applies a torque effect to the second impeller 28 by water flow in the process of conveying duckweeds to the guide pipe 31, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the second impeller 28 rotates, the rotation of the second impeller 28 drives the belt wheel 37 to rotate through the chain wheel assembly 30, so that the belt wheel 37 drives the belt to run anticlockwise, the belt 38 drives the fixed block 39 to run anticlockwise along with the belt 38, when the fixed block 39 runs at a straight section of the belt 38 close to one side of the net plate 35, the fixed block 39 is close to the upper surface of the net plate 35, and the scraper 40 is in contact with the upper surface of the net plate 35, so that the duckweeds on the net plate 35 are scraped downwards by the scraper 40 while the belt 38 drives the fixed block 39 to run anticlockwise, the duckweeds fall in the duckweeds collecting box 33, the surface of the net plate 35 is automatically cleaned, the net plate 35 is prevented from being blocked by the duckweeds, thereby contributing to the improvement of the loading capacity of the hull 1 for the duckweeds;

step three: as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, when duckweed is salvaged and cleaned, the water absorption cover 24 is at the horizontal position, and due to the horizontal plane setting, the depth of duckweed deep into the lower side of the water surface is small, so that the duckweed is not easy to contact with the water bottom, the water absorption cover is suitable for a river channel with shallow water depth, so that the practicability is improved, the water flow resistance is reduced, the capturing efficiency of the water absorption cover 24 on duckweed is improved, the collecting amount of duckweed in the duckweed collecting box 33 is increased gradually, the weight of the ship body 1 is increased gradually, the sinking depth of the ship body 1 towards the lower side of the water surface is increased, the water absorption cover 24 is driven by the lifting seat 4 and the lifting plate 5 to have a larger depth deep into the paper surface, so that more water liquid is sucked by the water absorption cover 24, the capturing efficiency of the water absorption cover 24 on duckweed is reduced, the energy consumption is increased, the, however, the floating block 10 is moved upwards relative to the sliding rod 11 under the action of water and liquid, so that the contact rod 7 is pushed to move upwards through the ejector rod 9, when the contact rod 7 is in abutting contact with the first touch switch 6, the first touch switch 6 transmits a touch signal of the contact rod 7 to the controller, the controller controls the first motor 3 to work, so that the first motor 3 drives the screw rod 2 to rotate, the screw rod 2 rotates to drive the lifting seat 4 and the lifting plate 5 to move upwards relative to the ship body 1 through screw transmission, and synchronously drives the water absorption cover 24 and the sliding rod 11 to move upwards, at the moment, the floating block 10 moves downwards relative to the sliding rod 11 and drives the contact rod 7 to move downwards through the ejector rod 9, when the contact rod 7 is in abutting contact with the second touch switch 8, the second touch switch 8 transmits the touch signal of the contact rod 7 to the controller, the controller controls the first motor 3 to stop working, at the moment, the water absorption cover 24 is located at the water surface position, so that the, therefore, the height of the absorbing mechanism can be dynamically adjusted according to different loading amounts in the duckweed salvaging process of the ship body 1, and efficient and quick salvaging and cleaning of the duckweed are achieved.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in the above embodiments and the description, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a be used for clear unmanned ship of river course surface of water duckweed, includes hull (1), be provided with duckweed collecting box (33) that are used for collecting the duckweed on hull (1), its characterized in that: the novel water filtering device is characterized in that an absorbing mechanism capable of adjusting the height according to the water surface is arranged on the outer side wall of the ship body (1), the absorbing mechanism is used for sucking and salvaging the duckweed on the water surface, a driving mechanism is arranged on the absorbing mechanism and is in transmission connection with the absorbing mechanism, a green water mechanism used for removing water from a duckweed core salvaged by the absorbing mechanism is arranged on the ship body (1), and the absorbing mechanism is in transmission connection with a water filtering mechanism.

2. The unmanned vessel for river surface duckweed cleaning according to claim 1, wherein: it includes dead axle rotation connection screw rod (2) on hull (1) lateral wall to receive the mechanism, and screw rod (2) vertical direction sets up, threaded connection has lift seat (4) on screw rod (2), the one end of screw rod (2) is connected with the output axle head transmission of motor (3), and motor (3) are fixed on the lateral wall of hull (1), be fixed with lifter plate (5) that the level set up on lift seat (4), and actuating mechanism sets up on lifter plate (5).

3. The unmanned vessel for river surface duckweed cleaning according to claim 2, wherein: the bottom surface of lifter plate (5) is fixed with vertical downwards and is provided with slide bar (11), floating block (10) has been cup jointed on slide bar (11), and floating block (10) can slide from top to bottom on slide bar (11), be fixed with touch switch (6) and touch switch (8) on slide bar (11), be fixed with vertical upwards being provided with ejector pin (9) on floating block (10), the upper end of ejector pin (9) is fixed with feeler lever (7), position setting about touch switch (6) and touch switch (8), feeler lever (7) are located position between touch switch (6) and touch switch (8), and feeler lever (7) can support the knot contact with touch switch (6) and touch switch (8) respectively.

4. The unmanned ship for cleaning duckweed on river water surface according to claim 3, wherein: the driving mechanism comprises a second motor (25) fixed on the upper surface of the lifting plate (5), a first horizontal rotating shaft (13) is fixed at the output shaft end of the second motor (25), a second rotating shaft (16) penetrates through the lifting plate (5), the second rotating shaft (16) can rotate on the lifting plate (5) in a fixed shaft mode, the upper end of the second rotating shaft (16) is in transmission connection with the first rotating shaft (13) through a bevel gear set (12), a main chain wheel (17) is fixed at the lower end of the second rotating shaft (16), the absorbing and accommodating mechanism further comprises a first volute (14) fixed on the lifting plate (5), a first impeller (43) is rotatably connected with the fixed shaft in the inner part of the first volute (14), the first impeller (43) is in transmission connection with the first rotating shaft (13) far away from the second motor (25), a discharge pipe (15) is tangentially and fixedly connected on the side wall of the first volute (14), the discharge pipe (15) is communicated with the interior of the first volute (14); the absorption mechanism further comprises a plurality of hollow shaft levers (21) which are rotatably connected with each other in a fixed-axis mode on the lifting plate (5), the hollow shaft levers (21) are vertically arranged, the upper end openings of the hollow shaft levers (21) penetrate through the lifting plate (5) and are located on the upper side of the lifting plate (5), sleeves (22) corresponding to the hollow shaft levers (21) are fixed on the lifting plate (5), the upper end fixed-axis modes of the hollow shaft levers (21) are rotatably connected into the corresponding sleeves (22), the sleeves (22) are communicated with the inlet end of the discharge pipe (15), a support plate (26) is fixed on the ship body (1), a second volute (27) is fixed on the support plate (26), an impeller (28) is rotatably connected with the fixed-axis mode inside the second volute (27), the discharge pipe (15) is tangent to and fixedly connected with the side wall of the second volute (27), and the discharge pipe (15) is communicated with the inside of the second volute (27), the outlet end of the discharge pipe (15) is communicated with a material guide pipe (31), and the material guide pipe (31) is used for outputting duckweed to a water filtering mechanism; the hollow shaft lever is characterized in that an auxiliary chain wheel (19) is fixed on the outer side wall of the hollow shaft lever (21), the auxiliary chain wheels (19) are in transmission connection with a main chain wheel (17) through a chain (18), and limiting plates (20) are fixedly connected to the upper side and the lower side of each of the auxiliary chain wheels (19) and the main chain wheel (17).

5. The unmanned ship for cleaning duckweed on river water surface according to claim 4, wherein: the lower extreme of hollow shaft pole (21) is fixed and has cup jointed lantern ring (23), perpendicular and fixedly connected with a plurality of covers (24) that absorb water on the lateral wall of lantern ring (23).

6. The unmanned ship for river surface duckweed cleaning according to claim 5, wherein: a plurality of the water absorption covers (24) are arranged along the circumference trend of the lantern ring (23) at equal intervals, the water absorption covers (24) are in a long strip shape, one side of each water absorption cover is provided with an opening, and the water absorption covers (24) are communicated with the corresponding hollow shaft rods (21).

7. The unmanned ship for cleaning duckweed on river water surface according to claim 4, wherein: the water filtering mechanism comprises a water tank (32) fixed inside the ship body (1), a draining pump (34) is arranged at the bottom of the water tank (32), the inlet end of the draining pump (34) is communicated with the inside of the water tank (32), a screen plate (35) is fixed at the upper end of the water tank (32), the screen plate (35) is obliquely arranged, the lower end of the screen plate (35) is positioned above the duckweed collecting box (33), and the outlet end of the material guide pipe (31) is positioned at the upper end of the screen plate (35); be fixed with backplate (36) on otter board (35), dead axle rotates on backplate (36) and is connected with two band pulleys (37), and two band pulley (37) pass through belt (38) transmission and connect, impeller two (28) are connected with one of them band pulley (37) transmission through sprocket assembly (30), two the center line of band pulley (37) parallels with otter board (35), dead axle rotates on belt (38) and is connected with fixed block (39), fixed block (39) are fixed with scraper blade (40) towards one side of otter board (35), one side that fixed block (39) dorsad otter board (35) is fixed with guide bar (42).

8. The unmanned vessel for river surface duckweed cleaning according to claim 7, wherein: be fixed with slide rail (29) on backplate (36), slide rail (29) and two the line is parallel in the center of band pulley (37), sliding connection has sliding sleeve (41) on slide rail (29), guide bar (42) sliding connection is in sliding sleeve (41).

9. The unmanned vessel for river surface duckweed cleaning according to claim 7, wherein: the automatic draining device is characterized by further comprising a controller, wherein the signal input end of the controller is electrically connected with the first touch switch (6) and the second touch switch (8) respectively, and the execution output end of the controller is electrically connected with the first motor (3), the second motor (25) and the draining pump (34) respectively.

10. The use method of the unmanned ship for cleaning the duckweed on the water surface of the river according to claims 1-9, wherein the unmanned ship comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: the driving mechanism drives the absorbing mechanism to suck and salvage the duckweeds on the water surface;

step two: the absorbing mechanism conveys the salvaged duckweeds to the water filtering mechanism for water removal;

step three: the height position between the absorbing mechanism and the water surface is automatically adjusted according to the loading weight of the duckweeds.

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