CN112940854A - Deodorization treatment process for edible oil - Google Patents
Deodorization treatment process for edible oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN112940854A CN112940854A CN202110386568.1A CN202110386568A CN112940854A CN 112940854 A CN112940854 A CN 112940854A CN 202110386568 A CN202110386568 A CN 202110386568A CN 112940854 A CN112940854 A CN 112940854A
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- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000006392 deoxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical group CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 114
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010495 camellia oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008159 sesame oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011803 sesame oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000020238 sunflower seed Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000004347 Perilla Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000124853 Perilla frutescens Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019498 Walnut oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005713 safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003813 safflower oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008170 walnut oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000004731 Acer pseudoplatanus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000002754 Acer pseudoplatanus Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000006485 Platanus occidentalis Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- AIMMVWOEOZMVMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopropanecarboxamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1CC1 AIMMVWOEOZMVMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229960000935 dehydrated alcohol Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000010692 trans-unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 39
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 37
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 27
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 25
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 25
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 23
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N d-alpha-tocopherol Natural products OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229960001295 tocopherol Drugs 0.000 description 16
- 229930003799 tocopherol Natural products 0.000 description 16
- 235000010384 tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 239000011732 tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 16
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N α-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 description 16
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229930182558 Sterol Natural products 0.000 description 15
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 15
- 150000003432 sterols Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- FMMWHPNWAFZXNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benz[a]pyrene Chemical compound C1=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=C(C=C3)C2=C2C3=CC=CC2=C1 FMMWHPNWAFZXNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 241001299699 Idesia Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- -1 linoleic acid) Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011785 micronutrient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013369 micronutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycidol Chemical compound OCC1CO1 CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010028554 LDL Cholesterol Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000843 anti-fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000259 anti-tumor effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000767 anti-ulcer Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010773 plant oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/12—Refining fats or fatty oils by distillation
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种食用油的脱臭处理工艺，属于食用油精炼技术领域。本发明先对未脱臭处理的食用油进行除氧处理，然后对除氧后的食用油进行两次蒸馏处理，即得脱臭食用油。本发明采用低温与高温蒸汽蒸馏相结合的脱臭工艺处理食用油，脱臭温度低、脱臭效率高，可有效去除食用油的臭味，能够更多的保留食用油里的微量营养成分，更多的去除食用油中的有害物质，同时还能减少反式脂肪酸等有害物质的产生，从而打造一种高品质的食用油。The invention discloses a deodorization treatment process of edible oil, which belongs to the technical field of edible oil refining. In the present invention, deoxygenation treatment is first performed on the edible oil that has not been deodorized, and then the deoxidized edible oil is subjected to two distillation treatments to obtain the deodorized edible oil. The invention adopts the deodorization process combining low temperature and high temperature steam distillation to treat the edible oil, the deodorization temperature is low, the deodorization efficiency is high, the odor of the edible oil can be effectively removed, the trace nutrients in the edible oil can be more retained, and more It removes harmful substances in edible oil, and at the same time reduces the production of harmful substances such as trans fatty acids, so as to create a high-quality edible oil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refining of edible oil, in particular to a deodorization treatment process of edible oil.
Background
The oil refining process comprises the important processes of oil degumming, deacidification, decoloration, deodorization and the like, and the oil deodorization is a process for removing odor substances in the oil. After degumming, deacidifying and decoloring the crude oil, the oil still has some bad odors, and the vegetable oil has bad influence on the sensory quality of the edible oil, such as soap taste, white clay taste, bleaching soil taste and the like. Substances causing bad odor are mainly low molecular aldehydes, ketones, unsaturated hydrocarbons, oxides of some free fatty acids and the like, and the boiling point of the substances causing bad odor is low, and the substances affect the flavor, the odor, the color and the stability of the oil and fat.
The oil deodorization is a process of removing odor substances in oil by steam distillation under the conditions of high temperature and high vacuum by utilizing the difference between the volatility of the odor substances and triglyceride in the oil, and in the liquid-gas mass transfer process, steam is saturated by the volatilized odor substances through the contact between steam and liquid to escape the oil, so that the aim of removing the odor substances in the edible oil is fulfilled. The deodorization is only to remove the odor substances in the oil, the smoke point is improved in the process, the flavor of the edible oil is improved, meanwhile, the undesirable substances in the edible oil, including peroxide and decomposition products, protein volatile decomposition products, low molecular weight aromatic hydrocarbons, residual pesticides (such as DDT) and the like are removed, in addition, a part of pigments in the oil can be damaged, and the quality of the oil is improved.
The existing deodorization treatment process can meet the deodorization treatment requirements of most common edible oils, the high temperature is helpful for removing odor substances in the oil and fat and shortening the deodorization time, but for some woody plant oils rich in unsaturated fatty acids (such as linoleic acid), such as camellia oil, idesia oil, olive oil and the like, because the content of the unsaturated fatty acids is higher and the oils have special odor, the oils and fats are possibly oxidized, decomposed, polymerized and the like at higher temperature and longer time of deodorization treatment, so that the trace nutrient components are lost too much, harmful substances such as trans-fatty acids, glycidyl esters and the like are increased, and the nutritional value and the quality of the oils and fats are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a deodorization treatment process of edible oil, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art, better reserve trace nutrient components and reduce the generation of harmful substances on the premise of removing harmful components, and produce high-quality edible oil.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a deodorization treatment process of edible oil, which comprises the following steps:
(1) deoxidizing the edible oil;
(2) and (3) distilling the deoxidized edible oil at different temperatures twice to obtain the deodorized edible oil.
Further, the edible oil is one of soybean oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, corn oil, camellia oil, olive oil, coconut oil, sunflower seed oil, linseed oil, perilla oil, safflower seed oil, idesia oil, walnut oil, palm oil, sesame oil and fish oil.
Further, the temperature of the oxygen removal treatment in the step (1) is 40-70 ℃.
Further, the two-time distillation treatment in the step (2) is low-temperature distillation and high-temperature distillation.
Further, the solvent of the two-time distillation treatment is a low-boiling-point volatile solvent.
Further, the low-boiling-point volatile solvent is absolute ethyl alcohol.
Further, the low-temperature distillation temperature is 100-160 ℃, and the time is 40-100 min.
Further, the low-temperature distillation temperature is 100-120 ℃, and the time is 60-100 min.
Further, the temperature of the high-temperature distillation is 160-220 ℃, and the time is 20-60 min.
Further, the high-temperature distillation temperature is 200-220 ℃, and the time is 20-40 min.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
1. short high-temperature time and high efficiency: the traditional deodorization treatment method has high treatment temperature and long treatment time, and the grease is easy to oxidize, decompose and polymerize under the action of high temperature and long time, so that substances influencing the quality of the grease, such as trans-fatty acid, oxidized triglyceride polymer, 3-chloropropyltriol ester, glycidol and the like are generated. According to the deodorization method, the low-boiling organic solvent ethanol is used as a steam source, the solubility of odorous substances and harmful substances in the edible oil in the ethanol is higher than that in water, the deodorization time of the ethanol double-temperature deodorization is shorter than that of the steam double-temperature deodorization under the double effects of the entrainment of the ethanol steam and the high-temperature distillation, the deodorization temperature is lower, the harmful substances are removed more thoroughly, and less or even no harmful components are generated at low temperature.
2. More retained micronutrients: compared with the ethanol steam deodorization, the double-temperature deodorization adopts lower temperature to remove volatile components in the first deodorization stage, and the temperature is raised again in the second deodorization stage to remove high-boiling-point components which are difficult to remove, so that the adverse effect of continuous high-temperature action on the grease is reduced and avoided. The high temperature time is short, the resources are saved, and more micronutrients can be reserved.
3. The inoxidizability of the edible oil is increased, and the storage time and the shelf life of the edible oil are prolonged: compared with the double-temperature deodorization by water vapor and the single-temperature deodorization by ethanol, the double-temperature deodorization by ethanol keeps more sterol content (the sterol loss rate can be reduced to 4.12-5.87%), total phenols (the total phenol loss rate can be reduced to 26-30%) and tocopherol content (the tocopherol loss rate can be reduced to 4.03-7.56%). Tocopherol is a fat-soluble antioxidant; the phytosterol has LDL-C reducing, antiinflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antiulcer and antitumor effects; the phenolic substances in the vegetable oil have antioxidant and antibacterial properties, and can inhibit the decomposition of peroxide by reducing the formation of aldehyde, thereby inhibiting the rancidity of the oil and playing a key role in maintaining the quality of the food. Therefore, the decomposition of peroxide is inhibited by more reservation of trace nutrient components and reduction of the formation of aldehydes, so that the oxidation resistance of the edible oil can be improved, and the storage time and the shelf life of the edible oil can be prolonged.
4. The safety and the functional quality of the edible oil are improved, and the deodorization is more thorough: through double-temperature steam deodorization by ethanol, the high-temperature treatment temperature and time are obviously reduced, and the generation of harmful substances (trans-fatty acid and glycidyl ester) can be obviously reduced; the harmful substances such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the edible oil can be obviously reduced by utilizing the double-temperature effect of the ethanol, and the safety quality of the edible oil is improved. In addition, the method has lower deodorization temperature, is favorable for protecting various unsaturated fatty acids in the edible oil, can thoroughly deodorize at low temperature and effectively protect EPA and DHA, and can effectively remove odor substances which are difficult to remove by water vapor deodorization by using an organic solvent, so the deodorization effect of the invention is better.
5. Has better economic benefits: the method utilizes the carrying and entrainment effects of the ethanol steam and uses high and low temperatures to deodorize odor substances with different boiling points, so that the temperature can be obviously reduced, and the energy consumption can be effectively reduced.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in a stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference herein for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The description and examples are intended to be illustrative only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.
Example 1
Taking 100g of soybean oil, blowing nitrogen for 15min at 40 ℃ to remove oxygen, heating to 100 ℃ after removing oxygen, opening a valve, enabling the ethanol steam ventilation volume to be maximum and the flow to be constant under the condition of not causing oil splashing, deodorizing for 60min, closing the valve, continuing heating to 160 ℃, opening the valve, enabling the ethanol steam ventilation volume to be maximum and the flow to be constant under the condition of not causing oil splashing, deodorizing for 40min, and obtaining the soybean oil deodorized oil. The removal rate of benzopyrene in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is 90%, trans-fatty acid is not detected, the retention rate of tocopherol is 95.8%, the retention rate of sterol is 93.5%, the retention rate of total phenol is 75.0%, the deodorization rate is 95.0%, and the odor is not smelly.
Example 2
Taking 100g of rapeseed oil, blowing nitrogen for 15min at 40 ℃ to remove oxygen, heating to 120 ℃ after removing the oxygen, opening a valve, enabling the ethanol steam ventilation volume to be maximum and the flow to be constant under the condition of not causing oil splashing, deodorizing for 50min, closing the valve, continuously heating to 160 ℃, opening the valve, enabling the ethanol steam ventilation volume to be maximum and the flow to be constant under the condition of not causing oil splashing, and deodorizing for 40min to obtain the deodorized oil of the rapeseed oil. The removal rate of benzopyrene in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is 90%, trans-fatty acid is not detected, the retention rate of tocopherol reaches 96.1%, the retention rate of sterol reaches 92.9%, the retention rate of total phenol reaches 76.1%, the deodorization rate reaches 94.0%, and the odor is not smelly.
Example 3
Taking 100g of peanut oil, blowing nitrogen for 15min at 40 ℃ to remove oxygen, heating to 130 ℃ after removing the oxygen, opening a valve, enabling the ethanol steam ventilation volume to be maximum and the flow to be constant under the condition of not causing oil splashing, deodorizing for 60min, closing the valve, continuously heating to 170 ℃, opening the valve, enabling the ethanol steam ventilation volume to be maximum and the flow to be constant under the condition of not causing oil splashing, deodorizing for 38min, and obtaining the deodorized peanut oil. The removal rate of benzopyrene in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is 91%, trans-fatty acid is not detected, the retention rate of tocopherol reaches 95.9%, the retention rate of sterol reaches 93.0%, the retention rate of total phenol reaches 76.3%, the deodorization rate reaches 94.0%, and the odor is not smelly.
Example 4
Taking 100g of corn oil, blowing nitrogen for 15min at 40 ℃ to remove oxygen, heating to 140 ℃ after removing oxygen, opening a valve, enabling the ethanol steam ventilation volume to be maximum and the flow to be constant under the condition of not causing oil splashing, deodorizing for 60min, closing the valve, continuously heating to 180 ℃, opening the valve, enabling the ethanol steam ventilation volume to be maximum and the flow to be constant under the condition of not causing oil splashing, deodorizing for 42min, and obtaining the corn oil deodorized oil. The removal rate of benzopyrene in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is 92%, trans-fatty acid is not detected, the retention rate of tocopherol is 96.0%, the retention rate of sterol is 92.8%, the retention rate of total phenol is 76.0%, the deodorization rate is 95.0%, and the odor is not smelly.
Example 5
Taking 100g of idesia oil, blowing nitrogen for 15min at 40 ℃ to remove oxygen, heating to 140 ℃ after removing oxygen, opening a valve, enabling the air flow of ethanol steam to be maximum and the flow to be constant under the condition of not causing oil splashing, deodorizing for 50min, closing the valve, continuing heating to 185 ℃, opening the valve, enabling the air flow of the ethanol steam to be maximum and the flow to be constant under the condition of not causing oil splashing, and deodorizing for 40min to obtain the deodorized oil of the idesia oil. The removal rate of benzopyrene in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is 93.1%, trans-fatty acid is not detected, the retention rate of tocopherol is 96.3%, the retention rate of sterol is 92.7%, the retention rate of total phenol is 76.2%, the deodorization rate is 93.2%, and the odor is not smelly.
Example 6
Taking 100g of sunflower seed oil, blowing nitrogen for 15min at 40 ℃ to remove oxygen, heating to 135 ℃ after removing oxygen, opening a valve, enabling the ventilation volume of ethanol steam to be maximum and the flow to be constant under the condition of not causing oil splashing, deodorizing for 50min, closing the valve, continuing heating to 220 ℃, opening the valve, enabling the ventilation volume of the ethanol steam to be maximum and the flow to be constant under the condition of not causing the oil splashing, and deodorizing for 43min to obtain the deodorized sunflower seed oil. The removal rate of benzopyrene in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is 94%, trans-fatty acid is not detected, the retention rate of tocopherol reaches 96.1%, the retention rate of sterol reaches 92.9%, the retention rate of total phenol reaches 75.9%, the deodorization rate reaches 97.1%, and the odor is not smelly.
Example 7
Taking 100g of olive oil, blowing nitrogen for 15min at 40 ℃ to remove oxygen, heating to 145 ℃ after removing oxygen, opening a valve, enabling the ethanol steam ventilation volume to be maximum and the flow to be constant under the condition of not causing oil splashing, deodorizing for 40min, closing the valve, continuing heating to 180 ℃, opening the valve, enabling the ethanol steam ventilation volume to be maximum and the flow to be constant under the condition of not causing oil splashing, and deodorizing for 40min to obtain the deodorized olive oil. The removal rate of benzopyrene in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is 95.2%, trans-fatty acid is not detected, the retention rate of tocopherol is 96.0%, the retention rate of sterol is 93.1%, the retention rate of total phenol is 75.8%, the deodorization rate is 96.0%, and the odor is not smelly.
Example 8
Taking 100g of linseed oil, carrying out nitrogen blowing at 40 ℃ for 15min to remove oxygen, heating to 140 ℃ after removing oxygen, opening a valve, enabling the ethanol steam ventilation to be maximum and the flow to be constant under the condition of not causing oil splashing, deodorizing for 60min, closing the valve, continuing heating to 180 ℃, then opening the valve, enabling the ethanol steam ventilation to be maximum and the flow to be constant under the condition of not causing oil splashing, and deodorizing for 45min to obtain the linseed oil deodorized oil. The removal rate of benzopyrene in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is 97%, trans-fatty acid is not detected, the retention rate of tocopherol is 96.2%, the retention rate of sterol is 93.0%, the retention rate of total phenol is 75.9%, the deodorization rate is 95.9%, and the odor is not smelly.
Example 9
Taking 100g of camellia oil, blowing nitrogen for 15min at 40 ℃ to remove oxygen, heating to 160 ℃ after removing oxygen, opening a valve, enabling the ventilation volume of ethanol steam to be maximum and the flow to be constant under the condition of not causing oil splashing, deodorizing for 50min, closing the valve, continuing heating to 210 ℃, opening the valve, enabling the ventilation volume of the ethanol steam to be maximum and the flow to be constant under the condition of not causing oil splashing, and deodorizing for 60min to obtain the camellia oil deodorized oil. The removal rate of benzopyrene in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is 96.3%, trans-fatty acid is not detected, the retention rate of tocopherol is 96.0%, the retention rate of sterol is 93.2%, the retention rate of total phenol is 76.2%, the deodorization rate is 95.3%, and the odor is not smelly.
Example 10
Taking 100g of sesame oil, blowing nitrogen for 15min at 40 ℃ to remove oxygen, heating to 160 ℃ after removing oxygen, opening a valve, enabling the ethanol steam ventilation volume to be maximum and the flow to be constant under the condition of not causing oil splashing, deodorizing for 60min, closing the valve, continuously heating to 200 ℃, opening the valve, enabling the ethanol steam ventilation volume to be maximum and the flow to be constant under the condition of not causing oil splashing, deodorizing for 40min, and obtaining the sesame oil deodorized oil. The removal rate of benzopyrene in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is 95.1%, trans-fatty acid is not detected, the retention rate of tocopherol is 96.1%, the retention rate of sterol is 93.3%, the retention rate of total phenol is 76.1%, the deodorization rate is 95.4%, and the odor is not smelly.
Example 11
Taking 100g of fish oil, blowing nitrogen for 15min at 40 ℃ to remove oxygen, heating to 120 ℃ after removing oxygen, opening a valve, enabling the ethanol steam ventilation volume to be maximum and the flow to be constant under the condition of not causing oil splashing, deodorizing for 50min, closing the valve, continuously heating to 160 ℃, opening the valve, enabling the ethanol steam ventilation volume to be maximum and the flow to be constant under the condition of not causing oil splashing, deodorizing for 30min, and obtaining the fish oil deodorized oil. The removal rate of benzopyrene in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is 94.9%, trans-fatty acid is not detected, the retention rate of tocopherol is 95.8%, the retention rate of sterol is 93.5%, the retention rate of total phenol is 78.1%, the deodorization rate is 95.0%, and the odor is not smelly.
Comparative example 1
Taking 100g of soybean oil, blowing nitrogen for 15min at 40 ℃ to remove oxygen, heating to 120 ℃ after removing oxygen, opening a valve, keeping the maximum ventilation capacity and the constant flow of water vapor under the condition of not causing oil splashing, deodorizing for 60min, closing the valve, continuously heating to 170 ℃, opening the valve, keeping the maximum ventilation capacity and the constant flow of water vapor under the condition of not causing oil splashing, deodorizing for 30min, and obtaining the deodorized soybean oil. The removal rate of benzopyrene in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is 70.1%, trans-fatty acid is not detected, the retention rate of tocopherol is 93.8%, the retention rate of sterol is 91.2%, the retention rate of total phenol is 74.2%, and the deodorization rate is 73%.
Comparative example 2
Taking 100g of soybean oil, blowing nitrogen at 40 deg.C for 15min to remove oxygen, heating to 250 deg.C after removing oxygen, opening valve, keeping ethanol vapor flow constant and maximum ventilation amount under the condition of no oil splash, and deodorizing for 90min to obtain soybean oil deodorized oil. The removal rate of benzopyrene in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is 87%, trans-fatty acid is increased suddenly, the retention rate of tocopherol is 80.0%, the retention rate of sterol is 81.2%, the retention rate of total phenol is 50.2%, and the deodorization rate is 89%.
Compared with the comparative example 1, the method adopts the low-boiling organic solvent ethanol as a steam source, the solubility of odorous substances and harmful substances in the edible oil in the ethanol is higher than that of the odorous substances and the harmful substances in the ethanol in water, and the deodorization time of the double-temperature deodorization of the ethanol is shorter than that of the double-temperature deodorization of water vapor under the double actions of the entrainment of the ethanol steam and the high-temperature distillation, the deodorization temperature is lower, and the harmful substances are removed more completely.
Compared with the comparative example 2, the double-temperature deodorization of the invention in the embodiment 1 adopts lower temperature to remove volatile components in the first stage of deodorization, and then heats up to remove components with high boiling points and difficult removal in the second stage, thereby reducing and avoiding the adverse effect of continuous high-temperature action on grease.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
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