CN112940705A - Nano-material composite clean fracturing fluid and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Nano-material composite clean fracturing fluid and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a nano-material composite clean fracturing fluid which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1-5% of modified silicon dioxide particles, 0.5-5% of viscoelastic surfactant, 0.5-5% of counter ion auxiliary agent and the balance of water; wherein the average particle diameter of the modified silicon dioxide is 40-60 nm, and the number average molecular weight is 100-300 ten thousand. The nano-material composite clean fracturing fluid is formed by combining modified silicon dioxide particles, a viscoelastic surfactant and a counter-ion auxiliary agent, so that the fracturing fluid has good viscoelastic property and anti-shearing property, and meets the sand carrying requirement of the fracturing fluid. Meanwhile, the invention also provides a preparation method of the nano-material composite clean fracturing fluid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil and gas exploitation, in particular to a nano-material composite clean fracturing fluid and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The fracturing fluid is used for fracturing fluid ores (gas, steam, oil, fresh water, salt water, hot water and the like) in a mining process by means of fluid conductivity (such as water power and the like) in order to obtain high yield. The process of hydraulic fracturing of oil reservoir is to use a high-pressure large-displacement pump at the surface, and to use the principle of liquid pressure transmission, to inject liquid (generally called fracturing liquid) with certain viscosity into the oil reservoir at a pressure greater than the absorption capacity of the oil reservoir, and to gradually raise the pressure in the well bore, so as to form high pressure at the bottom of the well, and when the pressure is greater than the ground stress near the well wall and the tensile strength of the rock of the formation, to generate cracks in the formation near the bottom of the well: and continuously injecting a sand carrying fluid with a propping agent, extending the fracture forwards and filling the fracture with the propping agent, and closing the fracture on the propping agent after closing the well, so that a sand filling fracture with a certain geometric dimension and high flow conductivity is formed in the stratum near the bottom of the well, and the purpose of increasing production and injection of the well is achieved. Proppants are generally based on ceramsite sand, while the main purpose of the fracturing fluid is to carry the sand, i.e., to carry the proppant for pumping into the formation. At present, the common fracturing fluid is mainly guanidine gum fracturing fluid, and is combined with a boron cross-linking agent to improve the viscosity, so that the pollution is easily caused.
In order to solve the above problems, people are always seeking an ideal technical solution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a nano-material composite clean fracturing fluid and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a nano-material composite clean fracturing fluid comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1-5% of modified silicon dioxide particles, 0.5-5% of viscoelastic surfactant, 0.5-5% of counter ion auxiliary agent and the balance of water; wherein the average particle diameter of the modified silicon dioxide is 40-60 nm, and the number average molecular weight is 100-300 ten thousand.
Based on the above, the viscoelastic surfactant comprises one or more of quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant, betaine amphoteric surfactant and amine oxide type amphoteric surfactant.
Based on the above, the counter ion auxiliary agent is selected from sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, potassium chloride, sodium phthalate, sodium salicylate, sodium nitrate, sodium maleate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate or sodium p-toluene sulfonate.
Based on the above, the raw materials of the modified silica include a solvent, an initiator, nano silica, a polymerization monomer and/or an emulsifier and/or an inorganic salt.
A preparation method of the nano-material composite clean fracturing fluid comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing modified silicon dioxide particles, and then uniformly mixing the modified silicon dioxide particles, the viscoelastic surfactant, the counter ion auxiliary agent and water.
Based on the above, the preparation steps of the modified silica particles include: according to the mass parts, 2-5 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 0.5-2 parts of emulsifier, 3-7 parts of polymerization monomer and 7-15 parts of water are stirred and uniformly mixed for 1-5 min under the condition of 1000-2000 r/min to obtain a first mixed solution for later use; stirring 0.5-2 parts of emulsifier, 5-10 parts of polymerization monomer and 5-15 parts of water for 1-5 min under the condition of 1000-2000 r/min, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixed solution for later use; uniformly mixing 0.1-1 part of initiator and 5-10 parts of water to obtain a second mixed solution for later use; adding 2-5 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 0.1-1 part of inorganic salt, 0.5-1 part of emulsifier, 0.1-1 part of initiator and 10-20 parts of water into a reaction kettle, stirring and heating to 40-80 ℃ under the condition of 200-300 r/min, adding the first mixed solution, and reacting for 10-30 min; and synchronously adding the second mixed solution and the third mixed solution, and reacting for 30-120 min to obtain the modified silicon dioxide solution.
Based on the above, the preparation steps of the modified silica particles include: uniformly mixing 0.1-1 part of initiator, 2-5 parts of nano silicon dioxide and 5-10 parts of solvent to obtain a mixed solution for later use; adding 2-5 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 0.1-1 part of initiator and 40-60 parts of solvent into a reaction kettle, stirring and heating to 40-80 ℃ under the condition of 200 and 300 r/min, slowly adding 3-7 parts of polymerization monomer, and reacting for 10-30 min; and synchronously adding 5-10 parts of polymerization monomer and the mixed solution, and reacting for 30-120 min to obtain the modified silicon dioxide solution.
Based on the above, the polymerized monomer is selected from methyl methacrylate, itaconic acid, acrylic acid, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, N-methylol acrylamide.
Based on the above, the initiator is selected from the group consisting of potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisisobutyramidine hydrochloride, azobisisoheptonitrile, and benzoyl peroxide.
Based on the above, the solvent is selected from the group consisting of water, ethanol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethyl acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, and N, N-dimethylformamide.
Compared with the prior art, the nano-material composite clean fracturing fluid has outstanding substantive characteristics and remarkable progress, and particularly, the nano-material composite clean fracturing fluid is combined by adopting modified silicon dioxide particles, a viscoelastic surfactant and a counter-ion auxiliary agent, so that the fracturing fluid has good viscoelastic property and anti-shearing property, and meets the sand carrying requirement of the fracturing fluid; meanwhile, boron or other heavy metal crosslinking agents are not added into the fracturing fluid, and an organic solvent is not added, so that the pressure on the environment is avoided. Meanwhile, the invention also provides a preparation method of the nano material composite clean fracturing fluid, and the nano silicon dioxide with high strength is prevented from being directly added into the fracturing fluid through polymerization reaction on the surface of the nano silicon dioxide, and when the environment changes, the nano silicon dioxide is settled to form a large amount of residues to cause blockage.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the following embodiments.
Example 1
A nano-material composite clean fracturing fluid comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3% of modified silicon dioxide particles, 3.8% of viscoelastic surfactant, 2.4% of counter ion auxiliary agent and the balance of water; wherein the modified silica has an average particle diameter of 55 nm and a number average molecular weight of 100-300 ten thousand. The viscoelastic surfactant includes betaine amphoteric surfactant and amine oxide amphoteric surfactant. The counter ion auxiliary agent comprises sodium phthalate and sodium nitrate.
A preparation method of the nano-material composite clean fracturing fluid comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing modified silicon dioxide particles, and then uniformly mixing the modified silicon dioxide particles, the viscoelastic surfactant, the counter ion auxiliary agent and water.
The raw materials of the modified silicon dioxide comprise water, an initiator, nano silicon dioxide, a polymerization monomer, an emulsifier and an inorganic salt. The average particle size of the nano silicon dioxide is 14 nm.
The preparation steps of the modified silica particles comprise: according to the mass parts, 5 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 2 parts of emulsifier, 7 parts of polymerization monomer and 15 parts of water are stirred and uniformly mixed for 1-5 min under the condition of 1000-2000 r/min to obtain a first mixed solution for later use; stirring 1 part of emulsifier, 9 parts of polymerization monomer and 6 parts of water for 1-5 min under the condition of 1000-2000 r/min, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixed solution for later use; uniformly mixing 0.5 part of initiator and 8 parts of water to obtain a second mixed solution for later use; adding 2 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 0.5 part of inorganic salt, 0.5 part of emulsifier, 0.1 part of initiator and 10 parts of water into a reaction kettle, stirring and heating to 40-80 ℃ under the condition of 200-300 r/min, adding the first mixed solution, and reacting for 10-30 min; synchronously adding the second mixed solution and the third mixed solution, and reacting for 30-120 min to obtain a modified silicon dioxide solution; and (3) measuring the solid content of the prepared modified silicon dioxide solution, adding the viscoelastic surfactant, the counter ion assistant and water according to the mass fraction, and uniformly mixing. Wherein the polymerized monomers comprise methyl methacrylate, itaconic acid, acrylic acid, and hydroxyethyl acrylate; the initiator is potassium persulfate; the inorganic salt is sodium bicarbonate; the emulsifier comprises sodium dodecyl sulfate and DNS-86.
The fracturing fluid obtained in the example is tested for residue content by referring to a method for measuring the content of 7.10 residues in SY/T5107-2016 (Water-based fracturing fluid Performance evaluation method), and the residue content is 11 mg/L. Passing through HarkerS6000 rheometer at 150 deg.C for 170s-1The viscosity was measured to be 67 mpa.s with shear for 2 h at shear rate.
Example 2
A nano-material composite clean fracturing fluid comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5% of modified silicon dioxide particles, 4.2% of viscoelastic surfactant, 2.0% of counter ion auxiliary agent and the balance of water; wherein the modified silica has an average particle diameter of 39 nm and a number average molecular weight of 100-300 ten thousand. The viscoelastic surfactant comprises quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant and betaine amphoteric surfactant. The counter ion auxiliary agent comprises sodium phthalate and sodium p-toluenesulfonate.
The raw materials of the modified silicon dioxide comprise a solvent, an initiator, nano silicon dioxide and a polymerization monomer.
A preparation method of the nano-material composite clean fracturing fluid comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing modified silicon dioxide particles, and then uniformly mixing the modified silicon dioxide particles, the viscoelastic surfactant, the counter ion auxiliary agent and water.
The preparation steps of the modified silica particles comprise: uniformly mixing 1 part of initiator, 3 parts of nano silicon dioxide and 6 parts of solvent to obtain a mixed solution for later use; adding 2 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 0.3 part of initiator and 40 parts of solvent into a reaction kettle, stirring and heating to 40-80 ℃ under the condition of 200 and 300 r/min, slowly adding 3-7 parts of polymerization monomer, and reacting for 10-30 min; synchronously adding 8 parts of polymerized monomer and the mixed solution, and reacting for 30-120 min to obtain a modified silicon dioxide solution; the solvent of the modified silicon dioxide solution can be removed by distillation, and then the viscoelastic surfactant, the counter ion assistant and water are added according to the mass fraction, and the fracturing fluid is obtained by dispersion under the condition of 800-1200 r/min. Wherein the polymerized monomer comprises methyl methacrylate, itaconic acid, acrylic acid, hydroxypropyl acrylate, N-methylolacrylamide; the initiator is azobisisobutyronitrile; the solvent includes ethanol and N, N-dimethylformamide.
The fracturing fluid obtained in the example is tested for residue content by referring to a method for measuring the content of 7.10 residues in SY/T5107-2016 (Water-based fracturing fluid Performance evaluation method), and the residue content is 14 mg/L. Passing through HarkerS6000 rheometer at 150 deg.C for 170s-1Shearing at a shear rate for 2 h, measuringThe viscosity was obtained to be 64 mPas.
Example 3
A nano-material composite clean fracturing fluid comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2.8% of modified silicon dioxide particles, 3% of viscoelastic surfactant, 5% of counter ion assistant and the balance of water; wherein the modified silicon dioxide has an average particle diameter of 54 nm and a number average molecular weight of 100-300 ten thousand. The viscoelastic surfactant comprises quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant and amine oxide type amphoteric surfactant; the counter ion auxiliary agent comprises sodium chloride and sodium nitrate; the raw materials of the modified silicon dioxide comprise a solvent, an initiator, nano silicon dioxide and a polymerization monomer.
A preparation method of the nano-material composite clean fracturing fluid comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing modified silicon dioxide particles, and then uniformly mixing the modified silicon dioxide particles, the viscoelastic surfactant, the counter ion auxiliary agent and water.
The preparation steps of the modified silica particles comprise: uniformly mixing 0.1 part of initiator, 2 parts of nano silicon dioxide and 5 parts of solvent to obtain a mixed solution for later use; adding 2 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 0.1 part of initiator and 40 parts of solvent into a reaction kettle, stirring and heating to 40-80 ℃ under the condition of 200 and 300 r/min, slowly adding 5 parts of polymerization monomer, and reacting for 10-30 min; and synchronously adding 8 parts of polymerization monomer and the mixed solution, reacting for 30-120 min to obtain a modified silicon dioxide solution, removing the solvent from the modified silicon dioxide solution through distillation, adding the viscoelastic surfactant, the counter ion assistant and water according to the mass fraction, and dispersing under the condition of 800-1200r/min to obtain the fracturing fluid. Wherein the initiator is azodiisobutyl amidine hydrochloride; the solvent comprises ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and ethyl acetate; the polymerized monomer comprises methyl methacrylate, acrylic acid, hydroxyethyl acrylate and hydroxypropyl acrylate.
The fracturing fluid obtained in the example is tested for residue content by referring to a method for measuring the content of 7.10 residues in SY/T5107-2016 (Water-based fracturing fluid Performance evaluation method), and the residue content is measured to be 16 mg/L. Passing through HarkerS6000 rheometer at 150 deg.C for 170s-1Shearing for 2 hours at the shearing rate,the viscosity was measured to be 69 mpa.s.
Example 4
A nano-material composite clean fracturing fluid comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3.6% of modified silicon dioxide particles, 2.4% of viscoelastic surfactant, 4.2% of counter ion auxiliary agent and the balance of water; wherein the modified silicon dioxide has an average particle diameter of 45 nm and a number average molecular weight of 100-300 ten thousand. The viscoelastic surfactant is a quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant; the counter ion auxiliary agent comprises sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate or sodium p-toluenesulfonate; the raw materials of the modified silicon dioxide comprise a solvent, an initiator, nano silicon dioxide, a polymerization monomer and/or an emulsifier and/or an inorganic salt.
A preparation method of the nano-material composite clean fracturing fluid comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing modified silicon dioxide particles, and then uniformly mixing the modified silicon dioxide particles, the viscoelastic surfactant, the counter ion auxiliary agent and water.
The preparation steps of the modified silica particles comprise: according to the mass parts, 2-5 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 0.5-2 parts of emulsifier, 3-7 parts of polymerization monomer and 7-15 parts of water are stirred and uniformly mixed for 1-5 min under the condition of 1000-2000 r/min to obtain a first mixed solution for later use; stirring 0.5-2 parts of emulsifier, 5-10 parts of polymerization monomer and 5-15 parts of water for 1-5 min under the condition of 1000-2000 r/min, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixed solution for later use; uniformly mixing 0.1-1 part of initiator and 5-10 parts of water to obtain a second mixed solution for later use; adding 2-5 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 0.1-1 part of inorganic salt, 0.5-1 part of emulsifier, 0.1-1 part of initiator and 10-20 parts of water into a reaction kettle, stirring and heating to 40-80 ℃ under the condition of 200-300 r/min, adding the first mixed solution, and reacting for 10-30 min; and synchronously adding the second mixed solution and the third mixed solution, and reacting for 30-120 min to obtain the modified silicon dioxide solution. Wherein the polymerized monomer comprises methyl methacrylate, acrylic acid, hydroxyethyl acrylate and hydroxypropyl acrylate; the initiator is ammonium persulfate; the inorganic salt is sodium bicarbonate; the emulsifier comprises sodium dodecyl sulfate and DNS-86.
Reference SY/T5107-2016 waterIn the 7.10 residue content determination method in the evaluation method of base fracturing fluid performance, the fracturing fluid obtained in the example is subjected to residue content test, and the residue content is determined to be 12 mg/L. Passing through HarkerS6000 rheometer at 150 deg.C for 170s-1The viscosity was measured to be 65 mpa.s with shear for 2 h at shear rate.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A nano-material composite clean fracturing fluid comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1-5% of modified silicon dioxide particles, 0.5-5% of viscoelastic surfactant, 0.5-5% of counter ion auxiliary agent and the balance of water; wherein the average particle diameter of the modified silicon dioxide is 40-60 nm, and the number average molecular weight is 100-300 ten thousand.
2. The nano-material composite clean fracturing fluid of claim 1, wherein: the viscoelastic surfactant comprises one or more of quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant, betaine amphoteric surfactant and amine oxide type amphoteric surfactant.
3. The nano-material composite clean fracturing fluid of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the counter ion auxiliary agent is selected from sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, potassium chloride, sodium phthalate, sodium salicylate, sodium nitrate, sodium maleate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate or sodium p-toluene sulfonate.
4. The nano-material composite clean fracturing fluid of claim 3, wherein: the raw materials of the modified silicon dioxide comprise a solvent, an initiator, nano silicon dioxide, a polymerization monomer and/or an emulsifier and/or an inorganic salt.
5. A method for preparing the nano-material composite clean fracturing fluid of any one of claims 1 to 4, which comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing modified silicon dioxide particles, and then uniformly mixing the modified silicon dioxide particles, the viscoelastic surfactant, the counter ion auxiliary agent and water.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the modified silica particles are prepared by a method comprising: according to the mass parts, 2-5 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 0.5-2 parts of emulsifier, 3-7 parts of polymerization monomer and 7-15 parts of water are stirred and uniformly mixed for 1-5 min under the condition of 1000-2000 r/min to obtain a first mixed solution for later use; stirring 0.5-2 parts of emulsifier, 5-10 parts of polymerization monomer and 5-15 parts of water for 1-5 min under the condition of 1000-2000 r/min, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixed solution for later use; uniformly mixing 0.1-1 part of initiator and 5-10 parts of water to obtain a second mixed solution for later use; adding 2-5 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 0.1-1 part of inorganic salt, 0.5-1 part of emulsifier, 0.1-1 part of initiator and 10-20 parts of water into a reaction kettle, stirring and heating to 40-80 ℃ under the condition of 200-300 r/min, adding the first mixed solution, and reacting for 10-30 min; and synchronously adding the second mixed solution and the third mixed solution, and reacting for 30-120 min to obtain the modified silicon dioxide solution.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the modified silica particles are prepared by a method comprising: uniformly mixing 0.1-1 part of initiator, 2-5 parts of nano silicon dioxide and 5-10 parts of solvent to obtain a mixed solution for later use; adding 2-5 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 0.1-1 part of initiator and 40-60 parts of solvent into a reaction kettle, stirring and heating to 40-80 ℃ under the condition of 200 and 300 r/min, slowly adding 3-7 parts of polymerization monomer, and reacting for 10-30 min; and synchronously adding 5-10 parts of polymerization monomer and the mixed solution, and reacting for 30-120 min to obtain the modified silicon dioxide solution.
8. The production method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: the polymerization monomer is selected from methyl methacrylate, itaconic acid, acrylic acid, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate and N-methylol acrylamide.
9. The production method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: the initiator is selected from potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisisobutyramidine hydrochloride, azobisisoheptonitrile and benzoyl peroxide.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein: the solvent is selected from water, ethanol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethyl acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate and N, N-dimethylformamide.
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| CN114479819A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-05-13 | 西安石油大学 | Thickening agent, fracturing fluid and preparation method thereof, gel breaking method of fracturing fluid and application method |
| CN116042206A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2023-05-02 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Viscoelastic micro-nano thickener for oil-gas well fracturing, fracturing fluid and preparation method |
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