CN112939396A - Thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization equipment and sludge treatment method - Google Patents

Thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization equipment and sludge treatment method Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN112939396A
CN112939396A CN202110207085.0A CN202110207085A CN112939396A CN 112939396 A CN112939396 A CN 112939396A CN 202110207085 A CN202110207085 A CN 202110207085A CN 112939396 A CN112939396 A CN 112939396A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
turning plate
sludge
carbonization
vibration
transmission
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202110207085.0A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
利锋
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Boshen Environmental Protection Technology Guangzhou Co ltd
Original Assignee
Boshen Environmental Protection Technology Guangzhou Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Boshen Environmental Protection Technology Guangzhou Co ltd filed Critical Boshen Environmental Protection Technology Guangzhou Co ltd
Priority to CN202110207085.0A priority Critical patent/CN112939396A/en
Publication of CN112939396A publication Critical patent/CN112939396A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/10—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

A thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization device and a method for sludge treatment. The equipment is characterized in that more than one vibration turning plate is arranged in a furnace body of vertical sludge carbonization equipment, an up-and-down arrangement mode is adopted between each vibration turning plate, a heating device is arranged on the outer wall surface of the equipment, and heating ports of the heating device are positioned on two sides of each vibration turning plate; the vibration turning plate has the functions of vibrating and rolling the sludge on the plate surface; the heating device enables the temperature in the equipment to have gradient transformation, and hot air flow in the equipment performs internal circulation flow. The vertical structure of the invention plays a role in internal circulation of heat, the heating device enables the temperature in the equipment to have gradient transformation, hot airflow in the equipment performs internal circulation flow, the sludge at the topmost layer falls into the next layer after pyrolysis at the highest temperature, and the sludge is continuously heated by the next layer at the lower temperature. The invention also has an incineration mode: the sludge may be incinerated.

Description

Thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization equipment and sludge treatment method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sludge and biomass treatment, in particular to thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization equipment and a method for sludge pyrolysis.
Background
A large amount of waste sludge is generated in the treatment process of sewage and wastewater, the waste sludge contains a large amount of organic matters, heavy metals, phosphorus, germs, insect eggs and other substances, and if the waste sludge is not properly treated, the waste sludge further pollutes and destroys the environment.
The traditional sludge treatment and disposal methods comprise ocean dumping, yard landfill, sludge incineration and the like. However, the treatment and disposal of the sludge by using the methods have the problems of secondary pollution: the harmful substances contained in the sludge are released again by ocean dumping and yard landfill; the landfill area of the storage yard is large; sludge incineration generates a large amount of toxic and harmful gases, and the cost of sludge is greatly increased due to the requirement of a large amount of heat sources.
The preparation of the biochar by sludge carbonization is considered to be an excellent sludge treatment method, the carbonization of the sludge can effectively crack organic matters, solidify heavy metals and nutrient salts, kill germs, worm eggs and the like, and the biochar formed after carbonization does not cause secondary pollution in the using process. The invention patent CN1123181129A discloses a method for preparing biochar from sludge of a municipal sewage plant, wherein the biochar generated by the sludge pyrolysis in an anaerobic state can be used for composting, soil remediation and the like. And proper addition of biomass can reduce the viscosity of the sludge, improve the content of organic matters of biological carbon in the sludge and effectively reduce odor generated in the sludge carbonization process. The invention patents CN1112311532A, CN128119810510A, CN128111282A, CN1231138002A and the like all describe methods for preparing biological carbon by carbonizing biomass, the invention patent CN1111009885A discloses a device for drying and dry distilling sludge and garden waste, but at present, a device and a method for preparing composite biological carbon by mixing and burning biomass with sludge are still lacked, and the feasibility of the actual operation process of mixing and burning biomass with sludge is not provided; the utility model CN212911219U, CN2122109221U and invention patent CN111904339A all disclose drum-type (rotary kiln) sludge carbonizing devices, but the drum-type carbonizing furnace has the problems of long-term operation stability and odor and waste gas leakage.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization equipment which can carbonize waste sludge and waste biomass, can stably operate at high temperature for a long time, and can utilize or treat odor tail gas.
The method realizes the synergistic carbonization of the waste sludge and the waste biomass, the carbonization temperature is 300-600 ℃, the carbonization time is 1-2 h, the biochar generated after treatment can be recycled while the two wastes are treated simultaneously, and the biochar performance can be effectively improved by doping the biomass into the sludge for carbonization. According to the invention, the waste biomass is doped into the sludge, so that the viscosity of the sludge can be effectively reduced, and the subsequent carbonization process of the sludge is facilitated. According to the invention, waste biomass is doped into sludge, so that the yield of the biological carbon can be effectively improved, and the calorific value of the biological carbon can be increased. The invention abandons the arrangement of a rotary kiln, adopts a vertical furnace body and a vibrating turning plate to carry out the carbonization of sludge, and can continuously operate and produce continuously without intermittence for a long time. The vertical structure of the invention plays a role in internal circulation of heat, so that the invention has high thermal efficiency, thereby reducing investment and operation cost. The invention is a vertical furnace body, realizes the processes of continuous feeding, continuous carbonization and continuous discharging by opening and closing the vibration turning plates in sections, ensures the continuity of long-term high-temperature operation of equipment and the full utilization of the high temperature of a furnace chamber, uniformly heats sludge by the oscillation of the turning plates, reduces the reaction time, and ensures that the carbonization is more thorough because the multi-layer turning plates react step by step. The invention transfers the temperature of the carbonization furnace through the temperature sensor, controls the starting and stopping number and the combustion power of a plurality of burners through the central control system, plays a role in controlling the temperature in the furnace cavity of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment, can adjust and monitor the temperature up and down as required, and fully utilizes the heat. The burner is arranged outside the furnace, and is convenient to maintain. The inner wall of the furnace body is specially treated and has corrosion resistance, so that the invention can be used for carbonizing corrosive sludge such as industrial sludge, food sludge and the like. The invention adopts a central control system to automatically control feeding and discharging, equipment starting operation, temperature and the like.
The invention can be used for the carbonization treatment of three types of sludge: sludge from domestic sewage treatment plants; dredging sludge in a water body; food sludge, printing and dyeing sludge, paper making sludge and other industrial sludge. The invention also has an incineration mode: the sludge may be incinerated.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization equipment is characterized in that more than one vibration turning plate is arranged in a furnace body of vertical sludge carbonization equipment, an up-and-down arrangement mode is adopted between each vibration turning plate, a heating device is arranged on the outer wall surface of the equipment, and heating ports of the heating device are positioned on two sides of each vibration turning plate; the vibration turning plate has the functions of vibrating and rolling the sludge on the plate surface; the heating device enables the temperature in the equipment to have gradient transformation, and hot air flow in the equipment performs internal circulation flow.
Further, the heating device is a burner, a stainless steel electric heating pipe, a ceramic electric heater or a graphene heater.
Further, the vibration turning plate is horizontally arranged in the furnace body of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment; the vibration turning plate consists of a plurality of turning plates; the eccentric transmission rod is arranged at one end of the vibration turning plate; one end of the eccentric transmission rod is connected with the oscillation driver; the vibration turning plate is driven to vibrate by a vibration driver and an eccentric transmission rod; the gear transmission rod is arranged at the other end of the vibration turning plate; one end of the gear transmission rod is connected with the gear driver; the vibration turning plate is driven to turn over by a gear driver and a gear transmission rod; the burners are arranged on two sides of the furnace body of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment.
Furthermore, a temperature sensor is arranged in the equipment box body; the temperature sensors are arranged on the edges of two sides of the furnace body of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment.
Furthermore, the invention also comprises a central control system which is respectively electrically connected with the vibration turning plate, the oscillation driver, the gear driver, the temperature sensor and the heating device and is used for acquiring temperature data and controlling the opening, closing and power of the oscillation driver, the gear driver, the vibration turning plate and the heating device; the central control system controls the opening and closing time of the vibration turning plate and adjusts the carbonization time of the sludge biomass mixture; the central control system controls the starting and closing and running power of the oscillation driver and adjusts the vibration frequency of the vibration turning plate; the central control system controls the opening and closing of the heating device and the combustion power, and adjusts the carbonization temperature and the temperature gradient in the furnace body of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment.
Further, the equipment comprises a feeding hole, a vertical sludge carbonization equipment furnace body, a vibration turning plate, an eccentric transmission rod, an oscillation driver, a gear transmission rod, a gear driver, a combustion engine, a temperature sensor, a discharging hole, a residual heat gas discharging hole and a central control system.
Furthermore, the feed inlet is arranged at the top of the furnace body of the vertical sludge carbonization device, and the sludge biomass mixture enters the furnace body of the vertical sludge carbonization device from the feed inlet.
Furthermore, the vibration turning plate is horizontally arranged in the furnace body of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment; the vibrating turning plate consists of a plurality of turning plates, can turn over and ensures that the carbonized biochar falls down to the bottom of the furnace body; the vertical sludge carbonization equipment furnace body is reserved with vibration turning plate mounting holes, and the number of the vibration turning plate blocks can be increased or decreased according to needs.
Furthermore, the eccentric transmission rod is arranged at one end of the vibration turning plate; one end of the eccentric transmission rod is connected with the oscillation driver; the vibration turning plate is driven by a vibration driver and an eccentric transmission rod to vibrate, so that the sludge biomass mixture is rolled, and the uniform heating effect is achieved.
Furthermore, the gear transmission rod is arranged at the other end of the vibration turning plate; one end of the gear transmission rod is connected with the transmission device; the vibration turning plate is driven by a gear driver and a gear transmission rod to turn, so that the sludge biomass mixture is pyrolyzed and then falls into the next layer of vibration turning plate.
Furthermore, the burners are arranged on two sides of the furnace body of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment; the vertical sludge carbonization equipment is characterized in that burner mounting holes are reserved in the furnace body, and the number of the burners can be increased or decreased as required.
Furthermore, the temperature sensors are arranged on the edges of two sides of the furnace body of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment; the vertical sludge carbonization equipment furnace body is reserved with temperature sensor mounting holes, and the number of the temperature sensors can be increased or decreased according to needs.
Furthermore, the discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment, and products obtained after the carbonization of the sludge biomass mixture are discharged and collected from the discharge port.
Furthermore, the residual heat gas outlets are arranged at the top of the furnace body of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment, the number of the residual heat gas outlets is 4, and the residual heat gas outlets can be opened and closed according to actual needs; the used residual heat gas exhaust port is hermetically connected with the residual heat gas exhaust pipe, and the unused residual heat gas exhaust port is hermetically closed, so that the hot gas does not overflow; the residual heat gas outlet can discharge residual heat in the carbonization process of the sludge biochar mixture in the furnace body of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment and recycle the residual heat to other processes, such as a sludge drying process.
Furthermore, the vibration turning plate, the oscillation driver, the gear driver and the combustor are controlled to be opened and closed and power by a central control system; the central control system controls the opening and closing time of the vibration turning plate and adjusts the carbonization time of the sludge biomass mixture; the central control system controls the starting and closing and running power of the oscillation driver and adjusts the vibration frequency of the vibration turning plate; the central control system controls the gear driver to open and close and regulates the turnover of the vibration turning plate; the central control system controls the starting and stopping of the burner and the combustion power, adjusts the carbonization temperature in the furnace body of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment, and adjusts the temperature range to be 300-600 ℃.
Further, the vertical sludge carbonization equipment furnace body comprises a feeding hole, a carbonization furnace cavity, an eccentric transmission rod mounting hole, a gear transmission rod mounting hole, a temperature sensor mounting hole, a burner mounting hole, a composite biochar collecting cavity, a vertical sludge carbonization equipment supporting leg, a discharging hole and a residual heat gas discharging hole.
Further, the feed inlet is arranged at the top of the furnace body of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment; the discharge port is arranged at the vertical sludge carbonThe bottom of the furnace body of the chemical equipment; the residual heat gas outlet is arranged at the top of the furnace body of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment, the residual heat gas outlet in use is hermetically connected with a residual heat gas discharge pipe, and the unused residual heat gas outlet is hermetically closed, so that the heat gas does not overflow; the feed inlet is a square with the side length of 20 cm-60 cm; the sludge biomass mixture enters the carbonization furnace from the feeding hole; the size of the feed inlet can be designed according to the feeding amount of the sludge biomass mixture to be carbonized; the carbonization furnace cavity is a rectangular cavity and is a main space for performing carbonization on the sludge biomass mixture; the length of the cavity is 1.0-3.5 m, the width of the cavity is 1.0-3.5 m, the height of the cavity is 1.0-3.5 m, and the volume of the cavity is 1.000 m3~42.875 m3(ii) a The treatment capacity of the sludge biomass mixture is 1.0 t/h-5.5 t/h.
Further, the eccentric transmission rod mounting openings are arranged in the middle of one side of the cavity of the carbonization furnace in a row; the gear transmission rod mounting openings are arranged in a row at the edge of one side of the cavity of the carbonization furnace; the eccentric transmission rod mounting openings are square with the side length of 50-150 cm, the number of the eccentric transmission rod mounting openings is 4-16, and the eccentric transmission rod mounting openings are uniformly distributed in a row in the middle of one side of the cavity of the carbonization furnace; the eccentric transmission rod mounting openings are formed in two sides of the cavity of the carbonization furnace; the actual number of the holes of the eccentric transmission rod mounting port is determined according to the actual design size of the carbide furnace cavity, and the reserved eccentric transmission rod mounting port can be opened or closed as required; the gear transmission rod mounting openings are square with the side length of 50-150 cm, the number of the gear transmission rod mounting openings is 4-16, and the gear transmission rod mounting openings are uniformly distributed in a row at the edge of one side of the cavity of the carbonization furnace; the gear transmission rod mounting openings are formed in two sides of the cavity of the carbonization furnace; the actual number of the holes of the gear transmission rod mounting opening is determined according to the actual design size of the cavity of the carbonization furnace, and the reserved gear transmission rod mounting opening can be opened or closed according to the requirement.
Furthermore, the temperature sensor mounting openings are formed in the vertical part of the carbonization furnace cavity, which is close to the side wall, and are uniformly distributed; the temperature sensor mounting ports are arranged on one or two or three or four sides of the carbonization furnace cavity and are determined according to the size of equipment.
Furthermore, the burner mounting ports are arranged at the middle vertical part of the cavity of the carbonization furnace and are uniformly distributed; the burner mounting port is arranged on one or two surfaces of the carbonization furnace cavity and is determined according to the size of the equipment; the temperature sensor mounting openings are round with the diameter of 2-5 cm, the number of the temperature sensor mounting openings is 4-16, and the temperature sensor mounting openings are uniformly distributed at the vertical position of the carbonization furnace cavity close to the side wall; the temperature sensor mounting ports are arranged on two sides of the cavity of the carbonization furnace; the actual number of the holes of the temperature sensor mounting port is determined according to the actual design size of the cavity of the carbonization furnace, and the reserved temperature sensor mounting port can be opened or closed as required.
Further, the composite biochar collecting cavity is arranged at the bottom of the carbonization furnace cavity and is an inverted step-shaped cavity, and the angle between the tetrahedral trapezoid and the horizontal plane is 30-45 degrees. The burner mounting ports are circular with the diameter of 50-150 cm, the number of the burner mounting ports is 4-16, and the burner mounting ports are positioned at the middle vertical part of the cavity of the carbonization furnace and are uniformly distributed; the burner mounting ports are arranged on two sides of the cavity of the carbonization furnace; the number of the actual holes of the burner mounting port is determined according to the actual design size of the carbide furnace cavity, and the reserved burner mounting port can be opened or closed as required.
Further, the composite biochar collecting cavity is arranged at the bottom of the carbonization furnace cavity and is an inverted step-shaped cavity, and the angle between the tetrahedral trapezoid and the horizontal plane is 30-45 degrees; the composite biochar collecting cavity is used for collecting composite biochar particles falling after carbonization in the cavity of the carbonization furnace.
Further, vertical mud carbonization equipment supporting legs sets up in four corners in carbide furnace cavity bottom, sets up 4 or 10, and highly is 0.8 m ~1.0 m for quantity.
Further, the discharge hole is a square with the side length of 15-40 cm; the discharge port is responsible for discharging the composite biochar particles collected in the composite biochar collecting cavity.
Further, the waste heat gas outlet is circular with the diameter of 10 cm-30 cm; the residual heat gas outlet is responsible for leading out residual heat and odor waste gas generated in the carbonization process in the furnace body of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment to a waste gas residual heat treatment system or a drying system for residual heat utilization.
Furthermore, the whole furnace body of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment is made of stainless steel 316.
Further, the feeding port comprises a feeding bin, a feeding upper turning plate and a feeding lower turning plate; the feeding bin is in a cuboid shape, the upper surface and the lower surface of the feeding bin are squares with side lengths of 20 cm-60 cm, and the height of the feeding bin is 20 cm-50 cm; the feeding upper turning plate and the feeding lower turning plate are both square with the side length of 20-60 cm, and the specific size is determined according to the size of the upper surface and the lower surface of the feeding bin; when the feeding hole feeds materials, the feeding upper turnover plate is opened, the feeding lower turnover plate is closed, and the sludge biomass mixture is temporarily stored in the feeding bin; after the feeding is finished, the feeding upper turnover plate is closed, the feeding lower turnover plate is opened, and the sludge biomass mixture enters the cavity of the carbonization furnace for carbonization; the invention can greatly reduce the overflow of odor, waste gas and waste heat in the cavity of the carbonization furnace.
Furthermore, the vibration turning plate comprises a turning plate frame, a turning plate blade, an eccentric transmission rod and a gear transmission rod; the turnover plate frame is rectangular, the length of the turnover plate frame is 1.0-3.5 m, the width of the turnover plate frame is 1.0-3.5 m, and the selection of the length and the width corresponds to the selection of the actual length and the actual width of a cavity of the carbonization furnace; the turning plate blades are arranged in the turning plate frame, and the number of the turning plate blades is 12-35; the eccentric transmission rod is arranged at one end of the turning plate frame; the gear transmission rod is arranged at the other end of the turning plate frame; the turnover plate frame and the turnover plate blades can be driven by an eccentric transmission bearing and an eccentric vibrating rod to vibrate, so that the sludge biomass mixture is vibrated and rolled; the flap blade can be driven by a gear transmission rod to turn over, so that the pyrolyzed sludge biomass mixture enters the next layer of flap. The vibration turning plate is made of stainless steel 316.
Further, the turning plate comprises a turning plate blade, a turning plate rod and a turning plate gear; the turning plate blade is rectangular, the length of the turning plate blade is 1.0-3.5 m, the length is selected to correspond to the actual length and width of the cavity of the carbonization furnace, and the width of the turning plate blade is 0.1 m; the number of the flap leaves is 12-35, and the flap leaves are selected according to the actual length of the cavity of the carbonization furnace; the turning plate blades can be turned over, the sludge biomass mixture is carbonized on the turning plate blades when the turning plate blades are horizontal, and the sludge biomass mixture falls to the next layer when the turning plate blades are turned over; the plate turning rod is a cylinder with the diameter of 1.5 cm-3.0 cm, the length of the plate turning rod is 1.0 m-3.5 m, and the length of the plate turning rod corresponds to the length of the plate turning blade; the turning plate rod controls the turning plate blade to turn; the diameter of the turning plate gear is 0.1 m, and the turning plate gear is arranged on the turning plate rod; the turning plate gear controls the turning plate rod to rotate; the integral material of the turning plate is stainless steel 316.
Furthermore, an eccentric transmission disc is connected to the eccentric transmission rod, an eccentric transmission connector is mounted on the eccentric transmission disc, the other end of the eccentric transmission connector is connected with an eccentric transmission connecting shaft, and the eccentric transmission connecting shaft is connected with the turning plate frame; the eccentric transmission rod is driven by the eccentric driver to rotate back and forth; the eccentric transmission rod drives the eccentric transmission disc to rotate by clockwise and anticlockwise back-and-forth rotating for 270 degrees, so that the eccentric transmission connector and the eccentric transmission connecting shaft are driven to move back and forth, and the vibration turning plate is driven to oscillate.
Furthermore, the eccentric transmission connector comprises a fixed connector, a connecting bearing and a central connecting shaft; the fixed connector and the connecting bearing are fixedly connected through a central connecting shaft; the outer ring of the connecting bearing is rotatable and is connected with the eccentric transmission disc.
Further, the oscillating driver comprises a transmission main shaft, a transmission belt and a transmission auxiliary shaft; the transmission belt is arranged between the transmission main shaft and the transmission auxiliary shaft, and the transmission main shaft drives the transmission auxiliary shaft to rotate through the transmission belt; the eccentric transmission rod is arranged on the transmission auxiliary shaft and is driven to rotate by the transmission auxiliary shaft, and the transmission main shaft is connected with the motor.
Further, a gear transmission shaft is connected to the gear transmission rod; one end of the gear transmission shaft is arranged on the gear transmission rod, the other end of the gear transmission shaft is arranged on the gear transmission disc, and the gear transmission disc is eccentrically arranged on the gear transmission shaft; the gear connecting shaft is arranged on the other side of the gear transmission disc, the other end of the gear connecting shaft is arranged on the turning plate gear, a plurality of groups of turning plate gears are arranged on the turning plate frame, and the turning plate gears are mutually driven to rotate; the gear transmission rod is driven by a gear driver and drives the gear transmission shaft, the gear transmission disc and the gear connection shaft to rotate so as to drive the vibration turning plate to turn.
Further, the gear driver comprises a transmission main machine, a transmission belt, a transmission wheel and a transmission button; the transmission belt is arranged between the transmission main machine and the transmission wheel, and the transmission main machine drives the transmission wheel to rotate through the transmission belt; the transmission button is arranged on the upper edge of the transmission wheel, and the gear transmission rod is arranged on the transmission button; the transmission wheel drives the transmission button and the gear transmission rod to move, and the transmission host is a motor.
Further, the discharge port comprises a discharge bin, a discharge upper turning plate and a discharge lower turning plate; the discharging bin is in a cuboid shape, the upper surface and the lower surface of the discharging bin are squares with the side length of 15 cm-40 cm, and the height of the discharging bin is 10 cm-40 cm; the discharging upper turning plate is rectangular, the length of the discharging upper turning plate is 15 cm-40 cm, and the width of the discharging upper turning plate is 7.5 cm-20 cm; the discharging lower turning plate is square with the side length of 15-40 cm, and the specific sizes of the discharging upper turning plate and the discharging lower turning plate are determined according to the sizes of the upper surface and the lower surface of the discharging bin; when the discharge port discharges materials, the discharging upper turnover plate is opened, the discharging lower turnover plate is closed, and the carbonized composite biochar is temporarily stored in the discharging bin; after the discharging is finished, the discharging upper turning plate is closed, the discharging lower turning plate is opened, and the composite biochar is discharged out of the carbonization furnace cavity; the invention can greatly reduce the overflow of odor, waste gas and waste heat in the cavity of the carbonization furnace.
The vertical structure of the invention plays a role in internal circulation of heat, the heating device enables the temperature in the equipment to have gradient transformation, hot airflow in the equipment performs internal circulation flow, the sludge at the topmost layer falls into the next layer after pyrolysis at the highest temperature, the sludge is continuously heated by the next layer at the lower temperature, organic matters in the sludge are cracked to generate a part of heat to compensate the temperature of the next layer, so that the invention has high heat efficiency, thereby reducing the investment and operation cost; the invention is a vertical furnace body, realizes the processes of continuous feeding, continuous carbonization and continuous discharging by the sectional opening and closing of the vibrating turning plates, ensures the continuity of long-term high-temperature operation of equipment and the full utilization of the high temperature of a furnace chamber, uniformly heats sludge by the oscillation of the turning plates, reduces the reaction time, and ensures that the carbonization is more thorough by the step-by-step reaction of the multi-layer turning plates; the invention transmits the temperature of the carbonization furnace through the temperature sensor, controls the starting and stopping number and the combustion power of a plurality of burners through the central control system, plays a role in controlling the temperature in the furnace cavity of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment, can adjust and monitor the temperature up and down as required, and fully utilizes the heat; the burner is arranged outside the furnace, so that the maintenance is convenient; the inner wall of the furnace body is specially treated and has corrosion resistance, so that the invention can be used for carbonizing and incinerating corrosive sludge such as industrial sludge, food sludge and the like.
A method for using thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization equipment for sludge treatment comprises the following steps:
(1) preheating a furnace body of vertical sludge carbonization equipment before carbonization; according to the required carbonization temperature, the number and power of the burners are selected to be started through a central control system, and preheating is carried out for 20-60 min, wherein the preheating temperature is 300-600 ℃; the combustion machines on each layer are heated simultaneously, the temperature sensor monitors the temperature of each layer in real time, the temperature of the lowest layer is controlled to be the target carbonization temperature, and the temperature of the lowest layer is gradually decreased by 20-50 ℃ from bottom to top layer by layer to form the temperature gradient in the furnace, so that the hot gas in the furnace flows circularly, the carbonization efficiency is improved, and the energy is saved; then the central control system starts and stops the combustion machine and adjusts the power of the combustion machine according to the temperature of the carbonization process;
(2) after the furnace body of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment reaches the temperature required by carbonization, the feeding upper turning plate is opened, the feeding lower turning plate is closed, and a proper amount of dried sludge biomass mixture enters the feeding bin for temporary storage; then closing the feeding upper turnover plate, opening the feeding lower turnover plate, and allowing the dried sludge biomass mixture to enter the cavity of the carbonization furnace from the feeding hole; at the moment, the vibration turning plates are in a horizontal state, and a proper amount of dry sludge biomass mixture is received by the vibration turning plate on the topmost layer; in the sludge biomass mixture, the biomass accounts for 1-2% of the total weight of the mixture; the biomass comprises more than one of leaves, tea leaves, sawdust, bagasse or water hyacinth;
(3) the oscillation driver drives the eccentric transmission rod and the eccentric transmission bearing to oscillate the sludge biomass mixture on the vibration turning plate, and the sludge biomass mixture is uniformly heated and carbonized;
(4) after the sludge biomass mixture on the topmost vibration turning plate is heated for 5-12 min, the topmost vibration turning plate turns 180 degrees, the sludge biomass mixture falls down and is accepted by the second vibration turning plate, and the topmost vibration turning plate is still kept horizontal; then, opening a feeding upper turning plate, closing a feeding lower turning plate, and allowing a proper amount of dry sludge biomass mixture to enter a feeding bin for temporary storage; then the feeding upper turnover plate is closed, the feeding lower turnover plate is opened, the dried sludge biomass mixture enters the cavity of the carbonization furnace from the feeding hole, and a proper amount of the dried sludge biomass mixture is received by the topmost vibration turnover plate; the flap blade is driven to turn over by a gear driver, a gear transmission rod, a gear transmission shaft and a flap gear;
(5) in the feeding process and the turnover plate turning process, the vibrating turnover plate is driven by an eccentric transmission rod and an eccentric transmission bearing to continuously oscillate; after the sludge biomass mixture on the topmost layer and the second layer of vibration turning plate is heated for 5-20 min, the second layer of vibration turning plate is turned over for 180 degrees, the sludge biomass mixture on the second layer of vibration turning plate falls into the third layer of vibration turning plate, and the second layer of vibration turning plate is kept horizontal; then the topmost vibration turning plate is turned for 180 degrees, the sludge biomass mixture on the topmost vibration turning plate falls into the second vibration turning plate, and the topmost vibration turning plate is kept horizontal; then, opening a feeding upper turning plate, closing a feeding lower turning plate, and allowing a proper amount of dry sludge biomass mixture to enter a feeding bin for temporary storage; then the feeding upper turnover plate is closed, the feeding lower turnover plate is opened, the dried sludge biomass mixture enters the cavity of the carbonization furnace from the feeding hole, and a proper amount of the dried sludge biomass mixture is received by the topmost vibration turnover plate; and so on until all the vibration turning plates receive a proper amount of dry sludge biomass mixture; the feeding of the feeding hole and the overturning oscillation of the vibrating turning plate are automatically controlled by a central control system;
(6) after 4-18 layers of vibration turning plates, the vibration turning plate at the bottommost layer is turned for 180 degrees, and carbonized composite biochar enters a composite biochar collecting cavity; the total carbonization time of the sludge biomass mixture is controlled to be 1-2 h, and the carbonization time is controlled by the number of layers of the vibration turning plate and the set carbonization temperature;
(7) opening the discharging upper turning plate, and feeding the carbonized composite biochar into a discharging bin for temporary storage; the board is closed on the ejection of compact, turns over the board under the ejection of compact and opens, and the compound biological carbon who stores temporarily in the play feed bin discharges the carbide furnace cavity and carries out further utilization.
In the method, the sludge is one of industrial sludge or domestic sludge or a mixture of the industrial sludge and the domestic sludge.
In the method, the industrial sludge comprises more than one of printing and dyeing sludge, washing water sludge, food industrial sludge, papermaking sludge, high-concentration wastewater treatment sludge, electroplating sludge or garbage leachate sludge.
In the method, the domestic sludge comprises more than one of sludge of a domestic sewage treatment plant or river dredging sludge.
According to the vertical sludge carbonization equipment, a large amount of waste heat and odor and waste gas generated in the carbonization process of the sludge biomass mixture are discharged through the waste heat gas discharge port, and the other end of the waste heat gas discharge port can be connected into other processes (such as a sludge biomass mixture drying process) for waste heat utilization, or can be connected into a waste gas treatment system for harmless treatment of the odor and waste gas.
The thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization equipment can be used as an incinerator by opening the feed inlet, the discharge outlet and the residual heat gas discharge outlet in the use process, and forms an aerobic environment by mixing air to incinerate solid wastes such as sludge and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the biomass (leaves, tea residues, sawdust, bagasse, water hyacinth and the like) is doped into the sludge, so that the viscosity of the sludge can be effectively reduced, the subsequent carbonization process of the sludge can be favorably carried out, the yield of the biochar is improved, the calorific value of the biochar is increased, and the odor generated in the sludge carbonization process can be reduced.
2. The invention abandons the traditional rotary kiln, adopts the vertical furnace body and the vibrating turning plate to carbonize the sludge, can greatly solve the problems of equipment deformation, too fast aging, groveling and the like caused by long-term high-temperature operation of the equipment, and the vertical furnace body can stably operate and continuously produce for a long time under the high-temperature condition.
3. The vertical structure of the invention plays a role in internal circulation of heat, so that the invention has high thermal efficiency, and the number of the combustion engine, the vibration turning plate and the temperature sensor can be selected according to the size of actually required equipment; each layer formation temperature gradient in many combustors can effective control furnace chamber, and topmost layer mud falls into the one deck down after the minimum temperature pyrolysis of settlement, and the one deck down of higher temperature makes mud continuously be heated, and organic matter schizolysis in the mud produces partly heat this moment, compensates this layer temperature, and the vibration that turns over the board makes mud thermally equivalent, and the multilayer turns over the board and reacts step by step for the carbonization is more thorough, has improved work efficiency in the time of the energy saving.
4. The components such as the burner and the like are arranged outside the furnace, so that the maintenance is convenient; and the inner wall of the furnace body is specially treated and has corrosion resistance, so that the invention can be used for carbonizing corrosive sludge such as industrial sludge, food sludge and the like.
5. The invention has the functions of waste heat utilization and odor and waste gas discharge ports, can discharge the waste heat gas and the odor and waste gas to a drying system for waste heat utilization or a waste gas treatment system for waste gas treatment, and greatly reduces the influence of the odor and the waste gas generated in the sludge carbonization process on the environment.
6. The invention adopts a central control system to automatically control feeding and discharging, automatically control the starting and running of equipment, feed back the real-time temperature of the carbonization furnace according to a temperature sensor, automatically control the temperature of the carbonization furnace, automatically discharge waste heat, odor and waste gas and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization apparatus.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a furnace body structure of a thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization device.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a feed inlet of a thermal cycle precision temperature control gradient carbonization apparatus.
Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a vibrating turning plate of a thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization device.
Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a vibrating turning plate of a thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization device.
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an eccentric transmission rod of a thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization device.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an eccentric transmission connection head of an eccentric transmission rod of a thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization apparatus.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an oscillation driver of a thermal cycle precision temperature controlled gradient carbonization apparatus.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a gear transmission rod of a thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization device.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a gear driver of a thermal cycle precision temperature control gradient carbonization apparatus.
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a discharge port of a thermal cycle precision temperature control gradient carbonization apparatus.
Fig. 12 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 4.
The various components in the figure are as follows:
the device comprises a feeding inlet 1, a vertical sludge carbonization equipment furnace body 2, a vibration turning plate 3, an eccentric transmission rod 4, an oscillation driver 5, a gear transmission rod 6, a gear driver 7, a burner 8, a temperature sensor 9, a discharging outlet 10, a residual heat gas discharging outlet 11, a central control system 12, a carbonization furnace cavity 201, an eccentric transmission rod mounting port 202, a gear transmission rod mounting port 203, a temperature sensor mounting port 204, a burner mounting port 205, a composite biochar collecting cavity 206, a vertical sludge carbonization equipment supporting foot 207, a feeding bin 101, a feeding upper turning plate 102, a feeding lower turning plate 103, a turning plate frame 301, a turning plate blade 302, a turning plate blade 303, a turning plate rod 304, a turning plate gear 305, an eccentric transmission disc 401, an eccentric transmission connector 402 and an eccentric transmission connecting shaft 403, a fixed connector 404, a connecting bearing 405 and a central connecting shaft 406, a transmission main shaft 501, a transmission belt 502, The device comprises a gear transmission shaft 601, a gear transmission disc 602, a gear connection shaft 603, a transmission main machine 701, a transmission belt 702, a transmission wheel 703, a transmission button 704, a discharging bin 1001, a discharging upper turning plate 1002 and a discharging lower turning plate 1003.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and may be carried out with reference to conventional techniques for process parameters not particularly noted.
As shown in fig. 1 to 12, in the thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization equipment, more than one vibration turning plate 3 is arranged inside the equipment, an up-and-down arrangement mode is adopted between each vibration turning plate 3, a heating device is arranged on the outer wall surface of the equipment, and heating ports of the heating device are located on two sides of each vibration turning plate 3; the vibration turning plate 3 has the functions of vibrating and rolling the sludge on the plate surface; the heating device enables the temperature in the equipment to have gradient transformation, and hot air flow in the equipment is internally circulated. The heating device is a burner 8 or a stainless steel electric heating pipe, a ceramic electric heater or a graphene heater and the like. The vibration turning plate 3 is horizontally arranged in the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment; the vibration turning plate 3 consists of a plurality of turning plates; the eccentric transmission rod 4 is arranged at one end of the vibration turning plate 3; one end of the eccentric transmission rod 4 is connected with the oscillation driver 5; the vibration turning plate 3 is driven to vibrate by a vibration driver 5 and an eccentric transmission rod 4; the gear transmission rod 6 is arranged at the other end of the vibration turning plate 3; one end of the gear transmission rod 6 is connected with a gear driver 7; the vibration turning plate 3 is driven to turn over by a gear driver 7 and a gear transmission rod 6; the burners 8 are arranged on two sides of the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment. A temperature sensor 9 is arranged in the equipment box body; the temperature sensors 9 are arranged on the edges of two sides of the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment.
The invention also comprises a central control system 12, wherein the central control system 12 is respectively electrically connected with the vibration turning plate 3, the oscillation driver 5, the gear driver 7, the temperature sensor 9 and the heating device and is used for acquiring temperature data and controlling the opening, closing and power of the oscillation driver 5, the gear driver 7, the vibration turning plate 3 and the heating device; the central control system 12 controls the opening and closing time of the vibration turning plate 3 and adjusts the carbonization time of the sludge biomass mixture; the central control system 12 controls the opening and closing and the running power of the oscillation driver 5 and adjusts the vibration frequency of the vibration turning plate 3; the central control system 12 controls the on-off and combustion power of the heating device, and adjusts the carbonization temperature and temperature gradient in the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment. The vibration turning plate 3 is horizontally arranged in the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment; the vibration turning plate 3 consists of a plurality of turning plates; the eccentric transmission rod 4 is arranged at one end of the vibration turning plate 3; one end of the eccentric transmission rod 4 is connected with the oscillation driver 5; the vibration turning plate 3 is driven to vibrate by a vibration driver 5 and an eccentric transmission rod 4; the gear transmission rod 6 is arranged at the other end of the vibration turning plate 3; one end of the eccentric transmission rod 4 is connected with the oscillation driver 5; the vibration turning plate 3 is driven to turn over by a gear driver 7 and a gear transmission rod 6; the burners 8 are arranged on two sides of the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment; the temperature sensors 9 are arranged on the edges of two sides of the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment. The equipment comprises a feeding hole 1, a vertical sludge carbonization equipment furnace body 2, a vibration turning plate 3, an eccentric transmission rod 4, an oscillation driver 5, a gear transmission rod 6, a gear driver 7, a burner 8, a temperature sensor 9, a discharging hole 10, a residual heat gas discharging hole 11 and a central control system 12; the feeding hole 1 is arranged at the top of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment furnace body 2, and the sludge biomass mixture enters the vertical sludge carbonization equipment furnace body 2 from the feeding hole 1; the vibration turning plate 3 is horizontally arranged in the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment; the vibration turning plate 3 is composed of a plurality of turning plates, can turn over and ensures carbonizationThe biological carbon falls to the bottom of the furnace body; the vertical sludge carbonization equipment furnace body 2 is reserved with mounting holes for the vibration turning plates 3, and the number of the vibration turning plates 3 can be increased or decreased according to needs; the eccentric transmission rod 4 is arranged at one end of the vibration turning plate 3; one end of the eccentric transmission rod 4 is connected with the oscillation driver 5; the vibration turning plate 3 is driven by a vibration driver 5 and an eccentric transmission rod 4 to vibrate, so that the sludge biomass mixture is rolled to be uniformly heated; the gear transmission rod 6 is arranged at the other end of the vibration turning plate 3; one end of the gear transmission rod 4 is connected with a transmission device 7; the vibration turning plate 3 is driven to turn over by a gear driver 7 and a gear transmission rod 6, so that the sludge biomass mixture is pyrolyzed and falls into the next layer of vibration turning plate 3; the burners 8 are arranged on two sides of the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment; a mounting hole for 8 burners is reserved on the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment, and the number of the 8 burners can be increased or decreased according to the requirement; the temperature sensors 9 are arranged on the edges of two sides of the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment; the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment is reserved with mounting holes for the temperature sensors 9, and the number of the temperature sensors 9 can be increased or decreased according to the requirement; the discharge port 10 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment, and products obtained after the sludge biomass mixture is carbonized are discharged and collected from the discharge port 10; the residual heat gas outlets 11 are arranged at the top of the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment, the number of the residual heat gas outlets is 4, and the residual heat gas outlets can be opened and closed according to actual needs; the used residual heat gas outlet 11 is hermetically connected with a residual heat gas discharge pipe, and the unused residual heat gas outlet 11 is hermetically closed, so that the hot gas does not overflow; the residual heat gas outlet 11 can discharge residual heat in the carbonization process of the sludge biochar mixture in the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment and recycle the residual heat to other processes, such as a sludge drying process; the vibration turning plate 3, the oscillation driver 5, the gear driver 7 and the combustor 8 are controlled to be opened and closed and power by a central control system 12; the central control system 12 controls the opening and closing time of the vibration turning plate 3 and adjusts the carbonization time of the sludge biomass mixture; the central control system 12 controls the opening and closing and the running power of the oscillation driver 5 and adjusts the vibration frequency of the vibration turning plate 3; the central control system 12 controls the gear driver 7 to open and close, and adjusts the vibration turning plate 3 to turn over; the central control system 1And 2, controlling the opening and closing and the combustion power of the combustor 8, and adjusting the carbonization temperature in the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment, wherein the temperature adjusting range is 300-600 ℃. The furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment comprises a feeding hole 1, a carbonization furnace cavity 201, an eccentric transmission rod mounting hole 202, a gear transmission rod mounting hole 203, a temperature sensor mounting hole 204, a burner mounting hole 205, a composite biochar collecting cavity 206, furnace body supporting legs 207, a discharging hole 10 and a residual heat gas discharging hole 11 (shown in figure 2); the feed inlet 1 is a square with the side length of 20 cm-60 cm; the sludge biomass mixture enters a carbonization furnace from the feed inlet 1; the size of the feed port 1 can be designed according to the feeding amount of the sludge biomass mixture to be carbonized; the carbonization furnace cavity 201 is a rectangular cavity and is a main space for carbonizing the sludge biomass mixture; the length of the cavity is 1.0-3.5 m, the width of the cavity is 1.0-3.5 m, the height of the cavity is 1.0-3.5 m, and the volume of the cavity is 1.000 m3~42.875 m3(ii) a The treatment capacity of the sludge biomass mixture is 1.0 t/h-5.5 t/h; the eccentric transmission rod mounting openings 202 are square with the side length of 50-150 cm, the designed number of the eccentric transmission rod mounting openings 202 is 4-16, and the eccentric transmission rod mounting openings are uniformly distributed in a row in the middle of one side of the carbonization furnace cavity 201; the eccentric transmission rod mounting openings 202 are arranged on two sides of the carbonization furnace cavity 201; the actual number of the holes formed in the eccentric transmission rod mounting port 202 is determined according to the actual design size of the carbonization furnace cavity 201, and the reserved eccentric transmission rod mounting port 202 can be opened or closed as required; the gear transmission rod mounting openings 203 are square with the side length of 50-150 cm, the number of the gear transmission rod mounting openings 203 is 4-16, and the positions of the gear transmission rod mounting openings are one row of the edge of one side of the carbonization furnace cavity 201 and are uniformly distributed; the gear transmission rod mounting openings 203 are formed in two sides of the carbonization furnace cavity 201; the actual number of the holes of the gear transmission rod mounting port 203 is determined according to the actual design size of the carbonization furnace cavity 201, and the reserved gear transmission rod mounting port 203 can be opened or closed as required; the temperature sensor mounting openings 205 are round with the diameter of 2 cm-5 cm, the number of the temperature sensor mounting openings 205 is 4-16, and the positions of the temperature sensor mounting openings are vertical parts of the carbonization furnace cavity 201 close to the side walls and are uniformly distributed; the temperature sensor mounting ports 205 are arranged on two sides of the carbonization furnace cavity 201; the temperature sensor mounting port 205 is actually openedThe number of the holes is determined according to the actual design size of the carbonization furnace cavity 201, and the reserved temperature sensor mounting port 205 can be opened or closed as required; the burner mounting ports 206 are circular with the diameter of 50 cm-150 cm, the number of the burner mounting ports 206 is 4-16, and the burner mounting ports are uniformly distributed at the middle vertical part of the carbonization furnace cavity 201; the burner mounting ports 206 are arranged at two sides of the carbonization furnace cavity 201; the actual number of the holes formed on the burner mounting port 206 is determined according to the actual design size of the carbonization furnace cavity 201, and the reserved burner mounting port 206 can be opened or closed as required; the composite biochar collecting cavity 206 is arranged at the bottom of the carbonization furnace cavity 201 and is an inverted step-shaped cavity, and the angle between the tetrahedral trapezoid and the horizontal plane is 30-45 degrees; the composite biochar collecting cavity 206 is responsible for collecting composite biochar particles falling after carbonization in the carbonization furnace cavity 201; the supporting legs 207 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment are arranged at four corners of the bottom of the cavity 201 of the carbonization furnace, the number of the supporting legs is 4 or 10, and the height of the supporting legs is 0.8-1.0 m; the discharge hole 10 is a square with the side length of 15 cm-40 cm; the discharge hole 10 is responsible for discharging the composite biochar particles collected in the composite biochar collecting cavity 205; the residual heat gas outlet 11 is circular with the diameter of 10 cm-30 cm; the residual heat gas outlet 11 is responsible for leading out residual heat and odor waste gas generated in the carbonization process in the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment into a waste gas residual heat treatment system or a drying system for residual heat utilization; the whole material of the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment is stainless steel 316. The feed inlet 1 comprises a feed bin 101, a feed upper turning plate 102 and a feed lower turning plate 103 (shown in fig. 3); the feeding bin 101 is in a cuboid shape, the upper surface and the lower surface of the feeding bin are squares with the side length of 20 cm-60 cm, and the height of the feeding bin is 20 cm-50 cm; the feeding upper turning plate 102 and the feeding lower turning plate 103 are both square with the side length of 20-60 cm, and the specific size is determined according to the size of the upper surface and the lower surface of the feeding bin 101; when the feeding port 1 feeds materials, the feeding upper turnover plate 102 is opened, the feeding lower turnover plate 103 is closed, and the sludge biomass mixture is temporarily stored in the feeding bin 101; after the feeding is finished, the feeding upper turning plate 102 is closed, the feeding lower turning plate 103 is opened, and the sludge biomass mixture enters the cavity 201 of the carbonization furnace for carbonization; the invention can greatly reduce the odor and the waste gas in the cavity 201 of the carbonization furnaceOverflow of waste heat; the vibration turning plate 3 comprises a turning plate frame 301, a turning plate blade 302, an eccentric transmission rod 4 and a gear transmission rod 6. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the plate turnover frame 301 is rectangular, the length is 1.0 m to 3.5 m, the width is 1.0 m to 3.5 m, and the selection of the length and the width corresponds to the selection of the actual length and the width of the carbonization furnace cavity 201; the turnover panel leaves 302 are arranged in the turnover panel frame 301, and the number of the turnover panel leaves is 12-35; the eccentric transmission rod 4 is arranged at one end of the turnover plate frame 301; the gear transmission rod 4 is arranged at the other end of the turnover plate frame 301; the turnover plate frame 301 and the turnover plate leaves can be driven by the eccentric transmission bearing 303 and the eccentric vibration rod 4 to vibrate, so that the sludge biomass mixture is vibrated and rolled; the flap blade 302 can be driven by the gear transmission rod 6 to turn over, so that the pyrolyzed sludge biomass mixture enters the next layer of flap. The vibration turning plate 3 is made of stainless steel 316. The flap 302 comprises a flap blade 303, a flap lever 304 and a flap gear 305; the turning plate blade is rectangular, the length of the turning plate blade is 1.0-3.5 m, the length is selected to correspond to the actual length and width of the carbonization furnace cavity 201, and the width of the turning plate blade is 0.1 m; the number of the flap blades 303 is 12-35, and the flap blades are selected according to the actual length of the cavity 201 of the carbonization furnace; the turning plate blade 303 can be turned over, the sludge biomass mixture is carbonized on the turning plate blade 303 when the turning plate blade 303 is horizontal, and the sludge biomass mixture falls to the next layer when the turning plate blade 303 is turned over; the plate turning rod 304 is a cylinder with the diameter of 1.5 cm-3.0 cm, the length of the plate turning rod is 1.0 m-3.5 m, and the length is selected to correspond to the length of the plate turning blade 303; the turning plate rod 304 controls the turning plate blade 303 to turn; the diameter of the flap gear 305 is 0.1 m, and the flap gear is arranged on the flap rod; the flap gear 305 controls the flap rod 304 to rotate; the flap 302 is made of stainless steel 316.
As shown in fig. 6, an eccentric transmission disc 401 is connected to the eccentric transmission rod 4, an eccentric transmission connector 402 is mounted on the eccentric transmission disc 401, the other end of the eccentric transmission connector 402 is connected to an eccentric transmission connecting shaft 403, and the eccentric transmission connecting shaft 403 is connected to the flap holder 301; the eccentric transmission rod 4 is driven by an eccentric driver 5 to rotate back and forth; the eccentric transmission rod 4 drives the eccentric transmission disc 401 to rotate by clockwise and anticlockwise back-and-forth rotation of 270 degrees, so as to drive the eccentric transmission connector 402 and the eccentric transmission connecting shaft 403 to move back and forth, and further drive the vibration turning plate 3 to oscillate.
As shown in fig. 7, the eccentric transmission connector 402 includes a fixed connector 404, a connecting bearing 405 and a central connecting shaft 406; the fixed connector 404 and the connecting bearing 405 are fixedly connected through a central connecting shaft 406; the outer ring of the connecting bearing 405 is rotatable, and the outer ring of the connecting bearing 405 is connected with the eccentric transmission disc 401.
As shown in fig. 8, the oscillating drive 5 comprises a main drive shaft 501, a drive belt 502 and a secondary drive shaft 503; the transmission belt 502 is installed between the transmission main shaft 501 and the transmission auxiliary shaft 503, and the transmission main shaft 501 drives the transmission auxiliary shaft 503 to rotate through the transmission belt 502; the eccentric transmission rod 4 is installed on a transmission auxiliary shaft 503, the eccentric transmission rod 4 is driven to rotate through the transmission auxiliary shaft 503, and the transmission main shaft 501 is connected with a motor.
As shown in fig. 9, a gear transmission shaft 601 is connected to the gear transmission rod 6; one end of the gear transmission shaft 601 is arranged on the gear transmission rod 6, the other end of the gear transmission shaft is arranged on the gear transmission disc 602, and the gear transmission disc 602 is eccentrically arranged on the gear transmission shaft 601; the gear connecting shaft 603 is mounted on the other side of the gear transmission disc 602, the other end of the gear connecting shaft 603 is mounted on the flap gear 305, a plurality of groups of flap gears 305 are arranged on the flap frame 301, and the flap gears 305 are driven to rotate mutually (as shown in fig. 12); the gear transmission rod 6 is transmitted by the gear driver 7, and the gear transmission rod 6 drives the gear transmission shaft 601, the gear transmission disc 602 and the gear connection shaft 603 to rotate, so as to drive the vibration turning plate 3 to turn.
As shown in fig. 10, the gear driver 7 includes a transmission main machine 701, a transmission belt 702, a transmission wheel 703 and a transmission button 704; the transmission belt 702 is arranged between the transmission main machine 701 and the transmission wheel 703, and the transmission main machine 701 drives the transmission wheel 703 to rotate through the transmission belt 702; the transmission button 704 is arranged on the upper edge of the transmission wheel 703, and the gear transmission rod 6 is arranged on the transmission button 704; the transmission wheel 703 drives the transmission button 704 and the gear transmission rod 6 to move, and the transmission host 701 is a motor.
As shown in fig. 11, the discharging port 10 includes a discharging bin 1001, a discharging upper turning plate 1002 and a discharging lower turning plate 1003; the discharging bin 1001 is in a cuboid shape, the upper surface and the lower surface of the discharging bin are squares with the side length of 15 cm-40 cm, and the height of the discharging bin is 10 cm-40 cm; the discharging upper turning plate 1002 is rectangular and has two fans, the length is 15 cm-40 cm, and the width is 7.5 cm-20 cm; the discharging lower turning plate 1003 is square with the side length of 15 cm-40 cm, and the specific sizes of the discharging upper turning plate 1002 and the discharging lower turning plate 1003 are determined according to the sizes of the upper surface and the lower surface of the discharging bin 1001; when the discharge port 10 discharges materials, the discharge upper turning plate 1002 is opened, the discharge lower turning plate 1003 is closed, and the carbonized composite biochar is temporarily stored in the discharge bin 1001; after the discharging is finished, the discharging upper turning plate 1002 is closed, the discharging lower turning plate 1003 is opened, and the composite biochar is discharged out of the carbonization furnace cavity 201; the invention can greatly reduce the overflow of odor, waste gas and waste heat in the cavity 201 of the carbonization furnace. The vertical sludge oscillation carbonization equipment can be used as an incinerator by opening the feed inlet, the discharge outlet and the residual heat gas discharge outlet in the use process, and an aerobic environment is formed by mixing air to incinerate solid wastes such as sludge and the like.
The carbonization furnace cavity can also adopt a circular design, the diameter of the carbonization furnace cavity is 2m, and the internal vibration turning plate 3 also adopts a circular design.
The following examples were processed using a square carbide furnace chamber.
Example 1
The low-temperature carbonization process is adopted, the treatment capacity of a biomass mixture (the biomass content is 2%) of the sludge and the sludge dredged from the dry water body is required to be 850 kg/h:
1) the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment is provided with 16 vibration turning plates 3, 8 burners 8 and 8 temperature sensors 9; the central control system 12 controls the 8 burners to start at the maximum power, and preheats the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment; preheating the highest target temperature of 300 ℃, starting 8 burners 8 at the same time, when the temperature of the uppermost layer reaches 230 ℃, closing the uppermost burner 8, when the temperature of the third and fourth layers reaches 240 ℃, closing the second burner 8, and so on until the temperature of the lowest layer reaches 300 ℃, and feeding back the temperature in the cavity 201 of the carbonization furnace by a temperature sensor 9 in real time;
2) after the preheating temperature reaches 300 ℃, the temperature sensor 9 feeds back information to the central control system 12, the vibration turning plate 3 is adjusted to be in a horizontal state, and the vibration driver 5 drives the eccentric transmission rod 4 to enable the vibration turning plate 3 to start to vibrate;
3) the central control system 12 controls the feeding upper turning plate 102 to be opened, the feeding lower turning plate 103 to be closed, and 80 kg of dry water body dredged sludge and biomass mixture enters the feeding bin 101 for temporary storage; then, the feeding upper turning plate 102 is closed, the feeding lower turning plate 103 is opened, and the dry water body dredged sludge and biomass mixture enters the carbonization furnace cavity 201 from the feeding hole 1; 80 kg of dry water body dredged sludge and biomass mixture is carried and oscillated by the vibration turning plate 3 at the topmost layer;
4) after the water body dredging sludge and biomass mixture on the topmost layer vibration turning plate 3 is heated for 5 min, the central control system 12 controls the topmost layer vibration turning plate 3 to turn over 180 degrees, the water body dredging sludge and biomass mixture falls down and is received by the second layer vibration turning plate 3, and the topmost layer vibration turning plate 3 is still kept horizontal; then, the feeding upper turning plate 102 is opened, the feeding lower turning plate 103 is closed, and 80 kg of dry water body dredged sludge and biomass mixture enters the feeding bin 101 for temporary storage; then, the feeding upper turning plate 102 is closed, the feeding lower turning plate 103 is opened, the dry water body dredged sludge biomass mixture enters the carbonization furnace cavity 201 from the feeding hole 1, and 80 kg of the dry water body dredged sludge biomass mixture is received by the topmost vibration turning plate 3; the vibration turning plate 3 is turned over and the feeding port 1 is fed, the vibration turning plate keeps an oscillation state, and a sludge biomass mixture dredged by a dry water body keeps a uniformly heated state;
5) after the water body dredging sludge biomass mixture on the topmost layer and the second layer of vibration turning plate 3 is heated for 5 min, the second layer of vibration turning plate 3 is turned over by 180 degrees, the water body dredging sludge biomass mixture on the second layer of vibration turning plate 3 falls into the third layer of vibration turning plate 3, and the second layer of vibration turning plate 3 is kept horizontal; then the topmost vibration turning plate 3 is turned over by 180 degrees, the water body on the topmost vibration turning plate 3 dredges sludge and biomass mixture to fall into the second vibration turning plate 3, and the topmost vibration turning plate 3 is kept horizontal; then, the feeding upper turning plate 102 is opened, the feeding lower turning plate 103 is closed, and a proper amount of water body dredged sludge and biomass mixture enters the feeding bin 101 for temporary storage; then, the feeding upper turning plate 102 is closed, the feeding lower turning plate 103 is opened, the dry water body dredged sludge biomass mixture enters the carbonization furnace cavity 201 from the feeding hole 1, and 80 kg of the dry water body dredged sludge biomass mixture is received by the topmost vibration turning plate 3; by analogy, until all the vibration turning plates 3 receive the dry sludge biomass mixture;
6) after a sludge biomass mixture obtained by dredging sludge in a dry water body is heated and oscillated step by 16 layers of vibrating turning plates 3, the sludge on the upper layer is pyrolyzed at a lower temperature and falls into the next layer, the sludge is heated continuously by the next layer at a higher temperature, at the moment, organic matters in the sludge are cracked to generate a part of heat to compensate the temperature of the layer, the temperature difference in the furnace body is that hot gas flows in the furnace in a circulating manner, and the sludge biomass mixture on the vibrating turning plate 3 at the bottommost layer is carbonized at a high temperature for 90 min to generate composite biochar; the bottommost layer vibration turning plate 3 is turned over by 180 degrees, and the carbonized composite biochar enters the composite biochar collecting cavity 205;
7) after the biomass mixture of the sludge and the sludge dredged by the dry water body is carbonized for 1.5 h, the central control system 12 controls the opening of the discharging upward turning plate 1002, and the carbonized composite biochar enters the discharging bin 1001 for temporary storage; the discharging upper turning plate 1002 is closed, the discharging lower turning plate 1003 is opened, and the composite biochar temporarily stored in the discharging bin is discharged out of the carbonization furnace cavity 201 and transported to a storage bin for storage; the system continuously operates for 300 days, and the generated composite biochar is about 420 kg in 1 h;
8) in the carbonization process, the temperature in the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment is monitored by the temperature sensor 9 in real time, when the highest temperature deviates from 300 +/-30 ℃, the temperature sensor 9 feeds back information to the central control system 12, the central control system controls the power increase and decrease of the burner 8, the temperature in the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment is regulated and controlled, and the temperature of the furnace chamber is kept at 300 +/-30 ℃;
9) a large amount of waste heat and odor waste gas generated in the carbonization process of sludge and biomass mixture dredged by water body are discharged to other processes (such as a sludge and biomass mixture drying process) through a waste heat gas outlet 11 for waste heat utilization, or are connected into a waste gas treatment system for harmless treatment of odor waste gas.
Example 2
The high-temperature rapid carbonization process is adopted, and the treatment capacity of dry printing and dyeing sludge (containing biomass and the content of 2 percent) is required to be 1200 kg/h:
1) the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment is provided with 6 vibration turning plates 3, 6 burners 8 and 6 temperature sensors 9; the maximum power starting of 6 burners 8 is controlled by a central control system 12, the preheating target temperature of a furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment is 600 ℃ at the maximum, the 6 burners 8 are started simultaneously, when the temperature of the uppermost layer reaches 500 ℃, the uppermost burner 8 is closed, when the temperature of the second layer reaches 520 ℃, the second burner 8 is closed, and the rest is done in the same way until the temperature of the lowest layer reaches 600 ℃, the vibration turning plates 3 are all adjusted to be in a horizontal state and start to oscillate, and the temperature in a cavity 201 of the carbonization furnace is fed back by a temperature sensor 9 in real time;
2) the feeding upper turning plate 102 is opened, the feeding lower turning plate 103 is closed, and 200 kg of dried dyeing sludge enters the feeding bin 101 for temporary storage; then, the feeding upper turning plate 102 is closed, the feeding lower turning plate 103 is opened, and the dried printing and dyeing sludge enters the cavity 201 of the carbonization furnace from the feeding hole 1; 200 kg of dry printing and dyeing sludge is carried and oscillated by the vibration turning plate 3 at the topmost layer;
3) after the printing and dyeing sludge on the topmost vibration turning plate 3 is heated for 10 min, the central control system 12 controls the topmost vibration turning plate 3 to turn over 180 degrees, the printing and dyeing sludge falls down and is received by the second vibration turning plate 3, and the topmost vibration turning plate 3 is still kept horizontal; then, the feeding upper turning plate 102 is opened, the feeding lower turning plate 103 is closed, and 200 kg of dried dyeing sludge enters the feeding bin 101 for temporary storage; then, the feeding upper turning plate 102 is closed, the feeding lower turning plate 103 is opened, the dried printing and dyeing sludge enters the cavity 201 of the carbonization furnace from the feeding hole 1, and 200 kg of the dried printing and dyeing sludge is received by the vibration turning plate 3 at the topmost layer; the vibration turning plate 3 keeps an oscillation state in the turning process and the feeding process of the feeding port 1, and the drying printing and dyeing sludge keeps a uniformly heated state;
4) after the printing and dyeing sludge on the topmost layer and the second layer of vibration turning plate 3 is heated for 10 min, the second layer of vibration turning plate 3 is turned over by 180 degrees, the printing and dyeing sludge on the second layer of vibration turning plate 3 falls into the third layer of vibration turning plate 3, and the second layer of vibration turning plate 3 is kept horizontal; then the topmost vibration turning plate 3 is turned over by 180 degrees, printing and dyeing sludge on the topmost vibration turning plate 3 falls into the second vibration turning plate 3, and the topmost vibration turning plate 3 is kept horizontal; then, the feeding upper turning plate 102 is opened, the feeding lower turning plate 103 is closed, and a proper amount of printing and dyeing sludge enters the feeding bin 101 for temporary storage; then, the feeding upper turning plate 102 is closed, the feeding lower turning plate 103 is opened, the dried printing and dyeing sludge enters the cavity 201 of the carbonization furnace from the feeding hole 1, and 200 kg of the dried printing and dyeing sludge is received by the vibration turning plate 3 at the topmost layer; by analogy, until all the vibration turning plates 3 are subjected to the dry printing and dyeing sludge;
5) after the dried printing and dyeing sludge is heated and oscillated step by step through the 6 layers of vibrating turning plates 3, the upper layer sludge falls into the next layer after being pyrolyzed at a lower temperature, the lower layer at a higher temperature enables the sludge to be heated continuously, at the moment, organic matters in the sludge are cracked to generate a part of heat to compensate the temperature of the next layer, hot gas circularly flows in the furnace due to the temperature difference in the furnace, and the sludge and biomass mixture on the vibrating turning plate 3 at the bottommost layer is carbonized at a high temperature for 1 hour to generate composite biochar; the bottommost layer vibration turning plate 3 is turned over by 180 degrees, and the carbonized printing and dyeing sludge enters the composite biochar collecting cavity 205;
6) after the dried dyeing sludge is carbonized for 1 hour, the central control system 12 controls the opening of the discharging upper turning plate 1002, and the carbonized composite biochar enters the discharging bin 1001 for temporary storage; the discharging upper turning plate 1002 is closed, the discharging lower turning plate 1003 is opened, and the composite biochar temporarily stored in the discharging bin is discharged out of the carbonization furnace cavity 201 and transported to a storage bin for storage; the system is operated continuously, and the generated composite biochar is about 600 kg in 1 h;
7) in the carbonization process, the temperature in the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment is monitored by the temperature sensor 9 in real time, when the temperature deviates from 600 +/-20 ℃, the temperature sensor 9 feeds back information to the central control system 12, the central control system controls the power increase and decrease of the burner 8, the temperature in the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment is regulated and controlled, and the temperature of the furnace chamber is kept at 600 +/-20 ℃;
8) a large amount of waste heat and odor and waste gas generated in the carbonization process of the printing and dyeing sludge are discharged to a spraying system through a waste heat gas outlet 11 to be cooled and then are connected into a waste gas and waste water treatment system to carry out harmless treatment on the waste gas and the waste water.
Example 3
Adopting a high-temperature incineration process, wherein the treatment capacity of the dried sludge is required to be 1200 kg/h:
1) the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment is provided with 6 vibration turning plates 3, 6 burners 8 and 6 temperature sensors 9; the central control system 12 controls the 6 burners 8 to be started at the maximum power, the vibration turning plates 3 are all adjusted to be in a horizontal state and start to oscillate, the feed inlet 1, the discharge outlet 10 and the residual heat gas discharge outlet 11 are all opened, and the temperature in the cavity 201 of the carbonization furnace is fed back by the temperature sensor 9 in real time;
2) 200 kg of dry sludge enters a cavity 201 of the carbonization furnace from a feed inlet 1; 200 kg of dried sludge is carried and oscillated by the vibration turning plate 3 at the topmost layer;
3) after the sludge on the topmost vibration turning plate 3 is heated for 10 min, the central control system 12 controls the topmost vibration turning plate 3 to turn over 180 degrees, the sludge falls down and is received by the second vibration turning plate 3, and the topmost vibration turning plate 3 is still kept horizontal; then 200 kg of dry sludge enters the cavity 201 of the carbonization furnace from the feeding hole 1, and 200 kg of dry sludge is received by the vibrating turnover plate 3 at the topmost layer; the vibration turning plate 3 keeps an oscillation state in the turning process and the feeding process of the feeding port 1, and the dried sludge keeps a uniformly heated state;
4) after the sludge on the topmost layer and the second layer of vibration turning plate 3 is heated for 10 min, the second layer of vibration turning plate 3 is turned over for 180 degrees, the sludge on the second layer of vibration turning plate 3 falls into the third layer of vibration turning plate 3, and the second layer of vibration turning plate 3 is kept horizontal; then the topmost vibration turning plate 3 is turned over by 180 degrees, sludge on the topmost vibration turning plate 3 falls into the second vibration turning plate 3, and the topmost vibration turning plate 3 is kept horizontal; then, a proper amount of dried sludge enters the cavity 201 of the carbonization furnace from the feeding hole 1, and 200 kg of dried sludge is received by the vibrating turnover plate 3 at the topmost layer; by analogy, until all the vibration turning plates 3 are subjected to the dry sludge;
5) after the dried sludge is gradually incinerated and oscillated by the 6 layers of vibrating turning plates 3, the sludge on the vibrating turning plate 3 at the bottommost layer is incinerated for 1 h at high temperature, organic matters and harmful substances are gasified, and only ash is left; the bottommost layer vibrates and turns over board 3 upset 180, and the ash content is discharged by discharge gate 10.
Example 4
The low-temperature carbonization process is adopted, the treatment capacity of the dry paper sludge biomass mixture (the content of biomass in the mixture is 1.5%) is required to be 850 kg/h:
1) the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment is provided with 16 vibration turning plates 3, 8 burners 8 and 8 temperature sensors 9; the central control system 12 controls the 8 burners to start at the maximum power, and preheats the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment; preheating the highest target temperature of 300 ℃, starting 8 burners 8 at the same time, when the temperature of the uppermost layer reaches 230 ℃, closing the uppermost burner 8, when the temperature of the third and fourth layers reaches 240 ℃, closing the second burner 8, and so on until the temperature of the lowest layer reaches 300 ℃, and feeding back the temperature in the cavity 201 of the carbonization furnace by a temperature sensor 9 in real time;
2) after the preheating temperature reaches 300 ℃, the temperature sensor 9 feeds back information to the central control system 12, the vibration turning plate 3 is adjusted to be in a horizontal state, and the vibration driver 5 drives the eccentric transmission rod 4 to enable the vibration turning plate 3 to start to vibrate;
3) the central control system 12 controls the feeding upper turning plate 102 to be opened, the feeding lower turning plate 103 to be closed, and 80 kg of dry papermaking sludge biomass mixture enters the feeding bin 101 for temporary storage; then, the feeding upper turning plate 102 is closed, the feeding lower turning plate 103 is opened, and the dry papermaking sludge biomass mixture enters the carbonization furnace cavity 201 from the feeding hole 1; 80 kg of dry papermaking sludge biomass mixture is carried and oscillated by the topmost vibration turning plate 3;
4) after the papermaking sludge biomass mixture on the topmost vibration turning plate 3 is heated for 5 min, the central control system 12 controls the topmost vibration turning plate 3 to turn 180 degrees, the sludge biomass mixture falls down and is received by the second vibration turning plate 3, and the topmost vibration turning plate 3 still keeps horizontal; then, the feeding upper turning plate 102 is opened, the feeding lower turning plate 103 is closed, and 80 kg of the dried papermaking sludge biomass mixture enters the feeding bin 101 for temporary storage; then, the feeding upper turning plate 102 is closed, the feeding lower turning plate 103 is opened, the dried papermaking sludge biomass mixture enters the carbonization furnace cavity 201 from the feeding hole 1, and 80 kg of the dried papermaking sludge biomass mixture is received by the topmost vibration turning plate 3; the vibration turning plate 3 is turned over and the feeding port 1 is fed, the vibration turning plate keeps an oscillation state, and the dry papermaking sludge biomass mixture keeps a uniformly heated state;
5) after the papermaking sludge biomass mixture on the topmost layer and the second layer of vibration turning plate 3 is heated for 5 min, the second layer of vibration turning plate 3 is turned over by 180 degrees, the papermaking sludge biomass mixture on the second layer of vibration turning plate 3 falls into the third layer of vibration turning plate 3, and the second layer of vibration turning plate 3 is kept horizontal; then the topmost vibration turning plate 3 is turned over by 180 degrees, the sludge biomass mixture on the topmost vibration turning plate 3 falls into the second vibration turning plate 3, and the topmost vibration turning plate 3 is kept horizontal; then, the feeding upper turning plate 102 is opened, the feeding lower turning plate 103 is closed, and a proper amount of dry sludge biomass mixture enters the feeding bin 101 for temporary storage; then, the feeding upper turning plate 102 is closed, the feeding lower turning plate 103 is opened, the dry papermaking sludge biomass mixture enters the carbonization furnace cavity 201 from the feeding hole 1, and 80 kg of the dry sludge biomass mixture is received by the topmost vibration turning plate 3; by analogy, until all the vibration turning plates 3 receive the dry sludge biomass mixture;
6) after the dry papermaking sludge biomass mixture is heated step by step through 16 layers of vibrating turning plates 3 and oscillated, the upper layer sludge is pyrolyzed at a lower temperature and falls into the next layer, the lower layer at a higher temperature enables the sludge to be heated continuously, at the moment, organic matters in the sludge are cracked to generate a part of heat to compensate the temperature of the layer, the temperature difference in the furnace body is that hot gas circularly flows in the furnace, and the sludge biomass mixture on the vibrating turning plate 3 at the bottommost layer is carbonized at a high temperature for 90 min to generate composite biochar; the bottommost layer vibration turning plate 3 is turned over by 180 degrees, and the carbonized paper sludge biomass mixture enters the composite biochar collection cavity 205;
7) after the dry paper-making sludge biomass mixture is carbonized for 1.5 h, the central control system 12 controls the opening of the discharging upward turning plate 1002, and the carbonized composite biochar enters the discharging bin 1001 for temporary storage; the discharging upper turning plate 1002 is closed, the discharging lower turning plate 1003 is opened, and the composite biochar temporarily stored in the discharging bin is discharged out of the carbonization furnace cavity 201 and transported to a storage bin for storage; the system continuously operates for 300 days, and the generated composite biochar is about 420 kg in 1 h;
8) in the carbonization process, the temperature in the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment is monitored by the temperature sensor 9 in real time, when the highest temperature deviates from 300 +/-30 ℃, the temperature sensor 9 feeds back information to the central control system 12, the central control system controls the power increase and decrease of the burner 8, the temperature in the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment is regulated and controlled, and the temperature of the furnace chamber is kept at 300 +/-30 ℃;
9) a large amount of waste heat and odor waste gas generated in the carbonization process of the papermaking sludge biomass mixture are discharged to other processes (such as a sludge biomass mixture drying process) through a waste heat gas outlet 11 for waste heat utilization, or are connected into a waste gas treatment system for harmless treatment of the odor waste gas.
Example 5
The low-temperature carbonization process is adopted, the sludge of a dry domestic sewage treatment plant (the printing and dyeing sludge contains biomass and the content is about 2 percent) is required to be treated at 850 kg/h:
1) the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment is provided with 16 vibration turning plates 3, 8 burners 8 and 8 temperature sensors 9; the central control system 12 controls the 8 burners to start at the maximum power, and preheats the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment; preheating the highest target temperature of 300 ℃, starting 8 burners 8 at the same time, when the temperature of the uppermost layer reaches 230 ℃, closing the uppermost burner 8, when the temperature of the third and fourth layers reaches 240 ℃, closing the second burner 8, and so on until the temperature of the lowest layer reaches 300 ℃, and feeding back the temperature in the cavity 201 of the carbonization furnace by a temperature sensor 9 in real time;
2) after the preheating temperature reaches 300 ℃, the temperature sensor 9 feeds back information to the central control system 12, the vibration turning plate 3 is adjusted to be in a horizontal state, and the vibration driver 5 drives the eccentric transmission rod 4 to enable the vibration turning plate 3 to start to vibrate;
3) the central control system 12 controls the feeding upper turning plate 102 to be opened, the feeding lower turning plate 103 to be closed, and 80 kg of sludge of the dry domestic sewage treatment plant enters the feeding bin 101 for temporary storage; then, the feeding upper turning plate 102 is closed, the feeding lower turning plate 103 is opened, and the sludge of the dry domestic sewage treatment plant enters the cavity 201 of the carbonization furnace from the feeding hole 1; 80 kg of sludge of a dry domestic sewage treatment plant is carried and oscillated by the vibration turning plate 3 at the topmost layer;
4) after the sludge of the domestic sewage treatment plant on the topmost vibration turning plate 3 is heated for 5 min, the central control system 12 controls the topmost vibration turning plate 3 to turn over 180 degrees, the sludge biomass mixture falls down and is received by the second vibration turning plate 3, and the topmost vibration turning plate 3 still keeps horizontal; then, the feeding upper turning plate 102 is opened, the feeding lower turning plate 103 is closed, and 80 kg of sludge of the dry domestic sewage treatment plant enters the feeding bin 101 for temporary storage; then, the feeding upper turning plate 102 is closed, the feeding lower turning plate 103 is opened, the sludge of the dry domestic sewage treatment plant enters the cavity 201 of the carbonization furnace from the feeding hole 1, and 80 kg of the sludge of the dry domestic sewage treatment plant is received by the topmost vibration turning plate 3; the vibration turning plate 3 keeps an oscillation state in the turning process and the feeding process of the feeding port 1, and sludge of a dry domestic sewage treatment plant keeps a uniformly heated state;
5) after the sludge of the domestic sewage treatment plant on the topmost layer and the second layer of vibration turning plate 3 is heated for 5 min, the second layer of vibration turning plate 3 is turned over by 180 degrees, the sludge of the domestic sewage treatment plant on the second layer of vibration turning plate 3 falls into the third layer of vibration turning plate 3, and the second layer of vibration turning plate 3 is kept horizontal; then the topmost vibration turning plate 3 is turned over by 180 degrees, the sludge biomass mixture on the topmost vibration turning plate 3 falls into the second vibration turning plate 3, and the topmost vibration turning plate 3 is kept horizontal; then, the feeding upper turning plate 102 is opened, the feeding lower turning plate 103 is closed, and a proper amount of dry sludge biomass mixture enters the feeding bin 101 for temporary storage; then the feeding upper turning plate 102 is closed, the feeding lower turning plate 103 is opened, sludge of a dry domestic sewage treatment plant enters the cavity 201 of the carbonization furnace from the feeding hole 1, and 80 kg of dry sludge biomass mixture is received by the topmost vibration turning plate 3; by analogy, until all the vibration turning plates 3 receive the dry sludge biomass mixture;
6) after the dry papermaking sludge biomass mixture is heated step by step through 16 layers of vibrating turning plates 3 and oscillated, the upper layer sludge is pyrolyzed at a lower temperature and falls into the next layer, the lower layer at a higher temperature enables the sludge to be heated continuously, at the moment, organic matters in the sludge are cracked to generate a part of heat to compensate the temperature of the layer, the temperature difference in the furnace body is that hot gas circularly flows in the furnace, and the sludge biomass mixture on the vibrating turning plate 3 at the bottommost layer is carbonized at a high temperature for 90 min to generate composite biochar; the bottommost layer vibration turning plate 3 is turned over by 180 degrees, and the carbonized sludge of the domestic sewage treatment plant enters the composite biochar collecting cavity 205;
7) after the sludge of the dry domestic sewage treatment plant is carbonized for 1.5 hours, the central control system 12 controls the opening of the discharging upper turning plate 1002, and the carbonized composite biochar enters the discharging bin 1001 for temporary storage; the discharging upper turning plate 1002 is closed, the discharging lower turning plate 1003 is opened, and the composite biochar temporarily stored in the discharging bin is discharged out of the carbonization furnace cavity 201 and transported to a storage bin for storage; the system continuously operates for 300 days, and the generated composite biochar is about 420 kg in 1 h;
8) in the carbonization process, the temperature in the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment is monitored by the temperature sensor 9 in real time, when the highest temperature deviates from 300 +/-30 ℃, the temperature sensor 9 feeds back information to the central control system 12, the central control system controls the power increase and decrease of the burner 8, the temperature in the furnace body 2 of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment is regulated and controlled, and the temperature of the furnace chamber is kept at 300 +/-30 ℃;
9) a large amount of waste heat and odor waste gas generated in the sludge carbonization process of the domestic sewage treatment plant are discharged to other processes (such as a sludge biomass mixture drying process) through a waste heat gas outlet 11 for waste heat utilization, or are connected into a waste gas treatment system for harmless treatment of the odor waste gas.
The above description is intended to describe in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the invention covered by the present invention.

Claims (21)

1. The thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization equipment is characterized in that more than one vibration turning plate (3) is arranged in a furnace body (2) of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment, an up-and-down arrangement mode is adopted between every two vibration turning plates (3), a heating device is arranged on the outer wall surface of the equipment, and heating ports of the heating device are positioned on two sides of the vibration turning plates (3); the vibration turning plate (3) has the functions of vibrating and rolling the sludge on the plate surface; the heating device enables the temperature in the equipment to have gradient transformation, and hot air flow in the equipment performs internal circulation flow.
2. The thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heating device is a burner (8), a stainless steel electric heating tube, a ceramic electric heater or a graphene heater.
3. The thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization device according to claim 1, wherein the vibrating turning plate (3) is horizontally installed in the furnace body (2) of the vertical sludge carbonization device; the vibration turning plate (3) consists of a plurality of turning plates; the eccentric transmission rod (4) is arranged at one end of the vibration turning plate (3); one end of the eccentric transmission rod (4) is connected with the oscillating driver (5); the vibration turning plate (3) is driven to vibrate by a vibration driver (5) and an eccentric transmission rod (4); the gear transmission rod (6) is arranged at the other end of the vibration turning plate (3); one end of the gear transmission rod (6) is connected with a gear driver (7); the vibration turning plate (3) is driven to turn over by a gear driver (7) and a gear transmission rod (6); the burners (8) are arranged on two sides of the furnace body (2) of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment.
4. The thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a temperature sensor (9) is provided in the apparatus case; the temperature sensors (9) are arranged on the edges of two sides of the furnace body (2) of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment.
5. The thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization equipment according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, further comprising a central control system (12), wherein the central control system (12) is respectively electrically connected with the vibration turning plate (3), the oscillation driver (5), the gear driver (7), the temperature sensor (9) and the heating device, and is used for acquiring temperature data and controlling the on-off and power of the oscillation driver (5), the gear driver (7), the vibration turning plate (3) and the heating device; the central control system (12) controls the opening and closing time of the vibration turning plate (3) and adjusts the carbonization time of the sludge biomass mixture; the central control system (12) controls the opening and closing and the running power of the oscillating driver (5) and adjusts the vibration frequency of the vibration turning plate (3); the central control system (12) controls the opening and closing of the heating device and the combustion power, and adjusts the carbonization temperature and the temperature gradient in the furnace body (2) of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment.
6. The thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization device according to claim 1, wherein the vertical sludge carbonization device furnace body (2) comprises a feed inlet (1), a carbonization furnace cavity (201), an eccentric transmission rod mounting port (202), a gear transmission rod mounting port (203), a temperature sensor mounting port (204), a burner mounting port (205), a composite biochar collection cavity (206), a discharge port (10) and a waste heat gas discharge port (11);
the feed inlet (1) is arranged at the top of the furnace body (2) of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment; the discharge hole (10) is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body (2) of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment; the residual heat gas outlet (11) is arranged at the top of the furnace body (2) of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment, the residual heat gas outlet (11) in use is hermetically connected with a residual heat gas discharge pipe, and the unused residual heat gas outlet (11) is hermetically closed, so that the heat gas does not overflow;
the eccentric transmission rod mounting openings (202) are arranged in the middle of one side of the carbonization furnace cavity (201) in a row; the gear transmission rod mounting openings (203) are arranged in a row at the edge of one side of the carbonization furnace cavity (201);
the temperature sensor mounting openings (204) are formed in the vertical part of the carbonization furnace cavity (201) close to the side wall and are uniformly distributed; the temperature sensor mounting openings (204) are arranged on one, two, three or four sides of the carbonization furnace cavity (201) and are determined according to the size of equipment;
the burner mounting ports (205) are arranged in the middle vertical part of the carbonization furnace cavity (201) and are uniformly distributed; the burner mounting port (205) is arranged on one or two surfaces of the carbonization furnace cavity (201) and is determined according to the size of equipment;
the composite biochar collecting cavity (206) is arranged at the bottom of the carbonization furnace cavity (201) and is an inverted step-shaped cavity, and the angle between the tetrahedral trapezoid and the horizontal plane is 30-45 degrees.
7. The thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the feed inlet (1) comprises a feed bin (101), a feed upper flap (102) and a feed lower flap (103); the top of the feeding bin (101) is provided with a feeding upper turning plate (102), and the bottom of the feeding bin is provided with a feeding lower turning plate (103).
8. The thermal cycle precision temperature controlled gradient carbonization apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the vibration flap (3) comprises a flap frame (301), flap blades (302), an eccentric transmission rod (4) and a geared transmission rod (6); the flap (302) is arranged in the flap frame (301); the eccentric transmission rod (4) is arranged on one edge of the plate turnover frame (301); the gear transmission rod (6) is arranged on one corner of the turnover frame (301); the turnover plate frame (301) and the turnover plate leaves (302) are driven by the eccentric transmission rod (4) to vibrate to shake and roll the sludge biomass mixture; the flap blade (302) is driven by the gear transmission rod (6) to turn over, so that the pyrolyzed sludge biomass mixture enters the next layer of flap.
9. The thermal cycle precision temperature controlled gradient carbonization apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the flap (302) comprises a flap blade (303), a flap lever (304) and a flap gear (305); the plate turning rod (304) controls the plate turning blade (303) to turn over and is positioned at the bottom of the plate turning blade (303); the flap gear (305) controls the flap rod (304) to rotate and is arranged at two ends of the flap rod (304).
10. The thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization device according to claim 4, wherein the eccentric transmission rod (4) is connected with an eccentric transmission disc (401), an eccentric transmission connector (402) is mounted on the eccentric transmission disc (401), the other end of the eccentric transmission connector (402) is connected with an eccentric transmission connecting shaft (403), and the eccentric transmission connecting shaft (403) is connected with the flap frame (301); the eccentric transmission rod (4) is driven by the eccentric driver (5) to rotate back and forth; the eccentric transmission rod (4) drives the eccentric transmission disc (401) to rotate through clockwise and anticlockwise back-and-forth rotation of 270 degrees, so that the eccentric transmission connector (402) and the eccentric transmission connecting shaft (403) are driven to move back and forth, and the vibration turning plate (3) is driven to oscillate.
11. The thermal cycle precision temperature controlled gradient carbonization apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the eccentric transmission connector (402) comprises a fixed connector (404), a connecting bearing (405) and a central connecting shaft (406); the fixed connector (404) is fixedly connected with the connecting bearing (405) through a central connecting shaft (406); the outer ring of the connecting bearing (405) can rotate, and the outer ring of the connecting bearing (405) is connected with the eccentric transmission disc (401).
12. The thermal cycle precision temperature controlled gradient carbonization apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the oscillation drive (5) comprises a main transmission shaft (501), a transmission belt (502) and a secondary transmission shaft (503); the transmission belt (502) is arranged between the transmission main shaft (501) and the transmission auxiliary shaft (503), and the transmission main shaft (501) drives the transmission auxiliary shaft (503) to rotate through the transmission belt (502); the eccentric transmission rod (4) is arranged on the transmission auxiliary shaft (503), the eccentric transmission rod (4) is driven to rotate through the transmission auxiliary shaft (503), and the transmission main shaft (501) is connected with the motor.
13. The thermal cycle precision temperature controlled gradient carbonization apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the gear transmission rod (6) is connected with a gear transmission shaft (601); one end of the gear transmission shaft (601) is installed on the gear transmission rod (6), the other end of the gear transmission shaft is installed on the gear transmission disc (602), and the gear transmission disc (602) is eccentrically installed on the gear transmission shaft (601); the gear connecting shaft (603) is arranged on the other side of the gear transmission disc (602), the other end of the gear connecting shaft (603) is arranged on the turning plate gear (305), a plurality of groups of turning plate gears (305) are arranged on the turning plate frame (301), and the turning plate gears (305) are mutually driven to rotate; the gear transmission rod (6) is transmitted by a gear driver (7), and the gear transmission rod (6) drives the gear transmission shaft (601), the gear transmission disc (602) and the gear connection shaft (603) to rotate so as to drive the vibration turning plate (3) to turn.
14. The thermal cycle precision temperature controlled gradient carbonization apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the gear drive (7) comprises a transmission main machine (701), a transmission belt (702), a transmission wheel (703) and a transmission button (704); the transmission belt (702) is arranged between the transmission main machine (701) and the transmission wheel (703), and the transmission main machine (701) drives the transmission wheel (703) to rotate through the transmission belt (702); the transmission button (704) is arranged on the upper edge of the transmission wheel (703), and the gear transmission rod (6) is arranged on the transmission button (704); the transmission wheel (703) drives the transmission button (704) and the gear transmission rod (6) to move, and the transmission host (701) is a motor.
15. The thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the discharge port (10) comprises a discharge bin (1001), a discharge upper turning plate (1002) and a discharge lower turning plate (1003); a discharging upper turning plate (1002) is arranged at the top of the discharging bin (1001); and a discharging lower turning plate (1003) is arranged at the bottom of the discharging bin (1001).
16. The thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization device according to claim 1, further comprising a vertical sludge carbonization device supporting leg (207); the supporting legs (207) of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment are arranged at the bottom of the carbonization furnace cavity (201).
17. The method for using the thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization equipment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 16 for sludge treatment is characterized in that the equipment is in an anoxic state, a dried sludge biomass mixture is placed into the vertical sludge oscillation carbonization equipment, the vibration is carried out through the vibration turning plate (3) of each layer from top to bottom, and meanwhile, the pyrolysis is carried out by adopting a pyrolysis method that the upper vibration turning plate (3) and the lower vibration turning plate (3) in the equipment have gradient temperature change; the temperature difference of two adjacent layers of vibration turning plates (3) in the equipment is 10-50 ℃, and the temperature of the lower layer is higher than that of the upper layer.
18. The method for co-pyrolysis of sludge co-combustion biomass by using the thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization equipment as claimed in claim 17, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preheating a furnace body (2) of a vertical sludge carbonization device before carbonization, then opening and closing and adjusting power of a combustion machine (8) by a central control system (12) according to the temperature in the carbonization process, heating each layer of combustion machine (8) simultaneously, monitoring the temperature of each layer in real time by a temperature sensor (11), controlling the temperature of the highest layer to be a target carbonization temperature, and gradually decreasing by 10-50 ℃ layer by layer from bottom to top to form a temperature gradient in the furnace; the preheating specifically comprises the following steps: preheating for 20-80 min at 300-600 ℃;
2) after the furnace body (2) of the vertical sludge carbonization equipment reaches the temperature required by carbonization, the feeding upper turning plate (102) is opened, the feeding lower turning plate (103) is closed, and the dried sludge biomass mixture enters the feeding bin (101) for temporary storage; then the feeding upper turning plate (102) is closed, the feeding lower turning plate (103) is opened, and the dried sludge biomass mixture enters the carbonization furnace cavity (201) from the feeding hole (1); at the moment, the vibration turning plate (3) is in a horizontal state, and the dry sludge biomass mixture is received by the vibration turning plate (3) at the topmost layer; in the sludge biomass mixture, the biomass accounts for 1-2% of the total weight of the mixture; the biomass comprises more than one of leaves, tea leaves, sawdust, bagasse or water hyacinth; the topmost layer of sludge is pyrolyzed at a set lowest temperature and falls into the next layer, the next layer with higher temperature continuously heats the sludge, and organic matters in the sludge are cracked to generate part of heat to compensate the temperature of the next layer;
3) the oscillation driver (5) drives the eccentric transmission rod (4), the eccentric transmission disc (401), the eccentric transmission connector (402), the eccentric transmission connecting shaft (403) and the vibration turning plate (3) to enable the sludge biomass mixture on the vibration turning plate (3) to oscillate and be uniformly heated and carbonized;
4) after the sludge biomass mixture on the topmost vibration turning plate (3) is heated for 5-12 min, a gear driver (7) drives a gear transmission shaft (601), a gear transmission disc (602), a gear connection shaft (603) and a turning plate gear (305) to rotate, the topmost vibration turning plate (3) turns over 180 degrees, the sludge biomass mixture falls down and is received by a second layer of vibration turning plate (3), and the topmost vibration turning plate (3) is kept horizontal again; then, the feeding upper turning plate (102) is opened, the feeding lower turning plate (103) is closed, and the dried sludge biomass mixture enters the feeding bin (101) for temporary storage; then the feeding upper turning plate (102) is closed, the feeding lower turning plate (103) is opened, the dried sludge biomass mixture enters the carbonization furnace cavity (201) from the feeding hole (1), and the dried sludge biomass mixture is received by the topmost vibration turning plate (3);
5) in the feeding process, the vibrating turning plate (3) is driven by an eccentric transmission rod (4), an eccentric transmission disc (401), an eccentric transmission connector (402) and an eccentric transmission connecting shaft (403) to continuously oscillate; after the sludge biomass mixture on the second layer of vibration turning plate (3) is heated for 5-20 min, the second layer of vibration turning plate (3) is turned over for 180 degrees, the sludge biomass mixture on the second layer of vibration turning plate (3) falls into the third layer of vibration turning plate (3), and the second layer of vibration turning plate (3) is kept horizontal; then the topmost vibration turning plate (3) is turned over by 180 degrees, the sludge biomass mixture on the topmost vibration turning plate (3) falls into the second vibration turning plate (3), and the topmost vibration turning plate (3) is kept horizontal; then, the feeding upper turning plate (102) is opened, the feeding lower turning plate (103) is closed, and the dried sludge biomass mixture enters the feeding bin (121) for temporary storage; then the feeding upper turning plate (102) is closed, the feeding lower turning plate (103) is opened, the dried sludge biomass mixture enters the carbonization furnace cavity (201) from the feeding hole (1), and the dried sludge biomass mixture is received by the topmost vibration turning plate (3); in the same way, until all the vibration turning plates (3) receive a proper amount of dry sludge biomass mixture; the feeding of the feeding hole (1) and the overturning oscillation of the vibrating turning plate (3) are automatically controlled by a central control system (12);
6) after 4-18 layers of vibration turning plates (3), the vibration turning plate (3) at the bottommost layer is turned over by 180 degrees, and carbonized composite biochar enters a composite biochar collecting cavity (205); the total carbonization time of the sludge biomass mixture is controlled to be 1-2 h;
7) the discharging upper turning plate (1002) is opened, and the carbonized composite biochar enters a discharging bin (1001) for temporary storage; the discharging upper turning plate (1002) is closed, the discharging lower turning plate (1003) is opened, and the composite biochar temporarily stored in the discharging bin is discharged out of the carbonization furnace cavity (201) for further utilization.
19. The method for treating sludge by using the thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization equipment according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the sludge is more than one of industrial sludge or domestic sludge.
20. The method for sludge treatment by using the thermal cycle accurate temperature control gradient carbonization device according to claim 19, wherein the industrial sludge comprises one or more of printing and dyeing sludge, washing water sludge, food industry sludge, paper making sludge, high concentration wastewater treatment sludge, electroplating sludge or landfill leachate sludge.
21. The method for sludge treatment by using the thermal cycle accurate temperature control gradient carbonization device according to claim 19, wherein the domestic sludge comprises one or more of domestic sewage treatment plant sludge or river dredging sludge.
CN202110207085.0A 2021-02-25 2021-02-25 Thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization equipment and sludge treatment method Pending CN112939396A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110207085.0A CN112939396A (en) 2021-02-25 2021-02-25 Thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization equipment and sludge treatment method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110207085.0A CN112939396A (en) 2021-02-25 2021-02-25 Thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization equipment and sludge treatment method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN112939396A true CN112939396A (en) 2021-06-11

Family

ID=76245888

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202110207085.0A Pending CN112939396A (en) 2021-02-25 2021-02-25 Thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization equipment and sludge treatment method

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN112939396A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114405467A (en) * 2022-01-24 2022-04-29 博仕燊环保科技(广州)有限公司 Biochar prepared from kitchen waste and garden waste and preparation method thereof
CN117822083A (en) * 2024-03-06 2024-04-05 苏州尊恒半导体科技有限公司 Wafer plating solution circulation temperature control system

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103265961A (en) * 2013-05-31 2013-08-28 李秋生 Carbon substance pyrolysis method and carbon substance vibration pyrolysis tower
CN205628598U (en) * 2016-04-28 2016-10-12 南京精谷种子机械有限公司 Eccentric oscillating screen
CN208395021U (en) * 2018-02-23 2019-01-18 山东宇世巨化工有限公司 A kind of sludge treating system containing phenol
CN110748898A (en) * 2019-11-22 2020-02-04 江苏国瑞特环保工程技术有限公司 Board turnover mechanism of pyrolysis oil-containing solid waste treatment system
CN111875208A (en) * 2020-07-02 2020-11-03 舟山麦哲伦环保科技有限公司 Production method and production system for extracting oil in oil sludge

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103265961A (en) * 2013-05-31 2013-08-28 李秋生 Carbon substance pyrolysis method and carbon substance vibration pyrolysis tower
CN205628598U (en) * 2016-04-28 2016-10-12 南京精谷种子机械有限公司 Eccentric oscillating screen
CN208395021U (en) * 2018-02-23 2019-01-18 山东宇世巨化工有限公司 A kind of sludge treating system containing phenol
CN110748898A (en) * 2019-11-22 2020-02-04 江苏国瑞特环保工程技术有限公司 Board turnover mechanism of pyrolysis oil-containing solid waste treatment system
CN111875208A (en) * 2020-07-02 2020-11-03 舟山麦哲伦环保科技有限公司 Production method and production system for extracting oil in oil sludge

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
全国勘察设计注册工程师环保专业管理委员会，中国环境保护产业协会编: "《注册环保工程师专业考试复习教材.固体废物处理处置工程技术与实践》", 31 March 2017, 中国环境出版社 *
徐建平等主编: "《固体废物处理与处置》", 31 January 2013, 合肥工业大学出版社 *
竹涛主编: "《矿山固体废弃物处理与处置工程》", 30 June 2016, 冶金工业出版社 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114405467A (en) * 2022-01-24 2022-04-29 博仕燊环保科技(广州)有限公司 Biochar prepared from kitchen waste and garden waste and preparation method thereof
CN117822083A (en) * 2024-03-06 2024-04-05 苏州尊恒半导体科技有限公司 Wafer plating solution circulation temperature control system
CN117822083B (en) * 2024-03-06 2024-05-07 苏州尊恒半导体科技有限公司 Wafer plating solution circulation temperature control system

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN207081009U (en) A kind of residents in rural community pyrolysis gasification system
CN112939396A (en) Thermal cycle precise temperature control gradient carbonization equipment and sludge treatment method
EP3012037B1 (en) Production line and method for recycling of charcoal and gas from garbage
CN102476907A (en) Equipment and method of high-efficiency high-speed environmentally-friendly energy-saving sludge treatment system
CN103663896A (en) Method and device for stabilizing heavy metal through pyrolysis of sludge
KR102614257B1 (en) Environmental energy virtuous cycle system using waste
CN108840544A (en) A kind of reclaiming industrial sludge processing method
CN112174469A (en) Municipal sludge pyrolysis treatment system and method
CN106675589A (en) Exhaust gas and waste heat recovery technology for biochar preparation by sludge reduction gasification
CN215250328U (en) Vertical internal circulation sequencing batch pyrolysis equipment
KR100983853B1 (en) Sludge drying furnace
CN112759213A (en) Vertical internal circulation sequencing batch pyrolysis equipment and method for sludge treatment
CN211946757U (en) Municipal sludge dewatering, drying and burning treatment system without adding fuel
CN215102774U (en) Sludge treatment equipment for paper industry sewage
KR101398275B1 (en) Multiple stage drying and carbonizing apparatus of waste material
CN215162377U (en) Integrative equipment of spiral drying carbonization
CN101387472A (en) Waste drying method and system apparatus thereof
CN203159595U (en) Zymocyte culture apparatus for household garbage pretreatment
JP2002167209A (en) Activated carbon manufacturing apparatus, its manufacturing method, and activated carbon manufacturing system
CN112980473A (en) Spiral drying and carbonization integrated equipment and method for sludge treatment
CN102627387A (en) Sludge carbonization furnace
CN207362033U (en) A kind of mud discharging processing unit
CN112963842A (en) Solid waste carbonization and combustion integrated equipment
CN111268888A (en) Treatment process and treatment system for municipal sludge
CN105366913A (en) Efficient sludge dewatering and drying treatment system

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination