CN112939299A - Water quality treatment equipment and water quality treatment method for aquaculture - Google Patents
Water quality treatment equipment and water quality treatment method for aquaculture Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 192
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000009287 sand filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 26
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 21
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010059866 Drug resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000887 face Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002816 gill Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/58—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/76—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/14—Maintenance of water treatment installations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/20—Prevention of biofouling
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of water quality treatment and a method, in particular to water quality treatment equipment for aquaculture. The water quality treatment method comprises the following steps: filtering sand in the pond, mixing with a sodium hypochlorite solution, conveying to a buffer reaction tank for reaction, conveying to a sterilization tank, mixing with a sodium thiosulfate solution, conveying to an adsorption tank for reaction, mixing with lime water for adjusting pH, and finally conveying to the pond and the sand filter tank through a sixth pipeline and a seventh pipeline respectively. The invention solves the problems of high ammonia nitrogen content, excessive algae and bacterial breeding in the prior art, and has the advantages of high algae removal rate, high ammonia nitrogen removal rate, high working efficiency, low cost and high bacteria removal rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water quality treatment and methods, in particular to a water quality treatment device and a water quality treatment method for aquaculture.
Background
In the current aquaculture, in order to improve the unit yield, a high-density culture mode is mostly adopted. But also faces some problems, the higher the culture density is, the more the excrement and feed of the aquatic products are wasted, the eutrophication of the water body is caused, the ammonia nitrogen content is high, a large amount of algae grows, and bacteria grow. The high ammonia nitrogen content can directly cause the poisoning and death of aquatic products to a certain extent, which is also the reason for the mass growth of algae. The massive growth of algae can lead to the following hazards: 1. algae absorb a large amount of dissolved oxygen in water, so that the dissolved oxygen in the water is reduced, and aquatic products die; 2. excessive algae can block gills of fishes, normal breathing of the fishes is affected, the fishes can die in severe cases, and some algae are toxic to the fishes; 3. the putrefaction of algae leads to a further increase in the ammonia nitrogen content. The breeding of bacteria can directly cause the aquatic products to be sick and die in a large area when the aquatic products are serious.
In prior art, the ammonia nitrogen content is high, adopts the mode of changing water mostly, but some places can not guarantee enough clean water source and change water owing to receive the restriction of water resource. Meanwhile, the waste of water resources in aquaculture is increased by adopting a water changing mode. Algae grow in large quantities, and most of the algae are salvaged manually, so that the labor cost is increased. Bacteria are bred, most of the bactericides are sprayed into water, and some bactericides are remained in aquatic products and are finally absorbed when people eat aquatic products, so that the aquatic products are harmful to human bodies after being eaten for a long time. In addition, in order to prevent aquatic products from becoming sick, people often add antibiotics to the feed, because long-term use causes a large amount of antibiotics to remain in aquatic products. After people eat the aquatic products, antibiotics in the human body can be increased, so that some viruses in the human body generate drug resistance, and the diseases are more difficult to cure.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a water quality treatment device for aquaculture, which is used for solving the problems of high ammonia nitrogen content, excessive algae and bacterial growth in the prior art, and also provides a water quality treatment method for aquaculture water. According to the invention, the sand filter tank is designed to effectively remove algae, and then the sand filter tank is washed by water in the sand filter backwashing tank, so that the algae are prevented from being left in the sand filter tank; the ammonia nitrogen is removed by sodium hypochlorite and the water is sterilized at the same time, so that the sterilization efficiency can be improved, and the bacteria in the water are reduced; removing the redundant sodium hypochlorite by sodium thiosulfate so as to prevent residual chlorine from entering the pond; finally, the pH value is adjusted to a range suitable for aquaculture by lime water.
In order to attain the above and other related objects,
in a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a water quality treatment apparatus for aquaculture, the water quality treatment apparatus comprising:
the water inlet end of the sand filter tank is connected with the water outlet end of the pond through a first pipeline, the water outlet end of the sand filter tank is connected with the water inlet end of the buffer reaction tank through a second pipeline, the water outlet end of the buffer reaction tank is connected with the water inlet end of the sterilization pool through a third pipeline, the water outlet end of the sterilization pool is connected with the water inlet end of the adsorption tank through a fourth pipeline, the water outlet end of the adsorption tank is connected with the water inlet end of the sand filter backwashing tank through a fifth pipeline, and the water outlet end of the sand filter backwashing tank is connected with the water inlet end of the pond through a sixth pipeline;
the second pipeline is connected with the sodium hypochlorite generator through an eighth pipeline, the fourth pipeline is connected with the sodium thiosulfate liquid storage tank through a ninth pipeline, and the fifth pipeline is connected with the limewater liquid storage tank through a tenth pipeline.
A sodium hypochlorite generator for generating sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) by electrolyzing saline solution. Reaction equation 2NaCl +2H for brine electrolysis2O2 NaOH + H2↑+Cl2↑，2NaOH+Cl2NaCl + NaClO + H2O. Generally, 3-4% of salt water is added into an electrolysis device to generate a sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution. The quantity and time of each electrolysis are automatically controlled by a system (PLC, programmable logic controller). One purpose of adding sodium hypochlorite is sterilization and the other more important purpose is reaction with ammonia nitrogen in water. Hydrolyzing sodium hypochlorite to generate hypochlorous acid, and adding ammonia Nitrogen (NH)3Expressed) into nitrogen, which is a complex series of reactions, the general equation is as follows:
2NH3+3NaClO＝N2↑+3H2O+3NaCl。
the buffer reaction tank is provided with an exhaust port so as to release nitrogen generated by the reaction.
Excessive sodium hypochlorite causes excessive chlorine in water to cause toxic effect on aquatic products, and the excessive chlorine needs to be removed. The reaction equation of sodium hypochlorite and sodium thiosulfate is as follows:
Na2S2O3+4NaClO+H2O＝4NaCl+2NaHSO4。
the sodium thiosulfate solution is added in excess to ensure complete elimination of residual chlorine, and excess sodium thiosulfate is permissible because it is not harmful to the water product.
Algae are effectively removed by designing the sand filter tank, and then the sand filter tank is washed by water in the sand filter backwashing tank, so that the algae are prevented from being left in the sand filter tank; the ammonia nitrogen is removed by sodium hypochlorite and the water is sterilized at the same time, so that the sterilization efficiency can be improved, and the bacteria in the water are reduced; removing the redundant sodium hypochlorite by sodium thiosulfate so as to prevent residual chlorine from entering the pond; finally, the pH value is adjusted to a range suitable for aquaculture by lime water.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first pipeline is provided with a first pressure pump, and the seventh pipeline is provided with a second pressure pump.
The first pressure pump and the second pressure pump can be designed to increase the water conveying speed, so that the function of rapid circulation is realized.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the sterilization tank is an ultraviolet sterilization tank, and the adsorption tank is an activated carbon adsorption tank.
The ultraviolet sterilization effect is better, and the effects of sterilization and organic matter decomposition can be achieved. The active carbon adsorption tank plays a certain role in adsorbing residual chlorine.
The ultraviolet germicidal lamp generally adopts a 3-15W lamp tube, the inner volume of the sterilizing pool is 30L, the water flow is 5L/s, therefore, the time for the water to enter the ultraviolet sterilizer and be irradiated is 6s, which is enough to kill most bacteria.
In an embodiment of the invention, a pH meter is installed on the fifth pipeline and is used for detecting the pH of the effluent.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the water outlet end of the sand filtration backwashing tank is connected to the backwashing water inlet of the sand filtration tank through a seventh pipeline.
Effectively get rid of the alga through design sand filtration jar, the water washing sand filtration jar in the backwash jar is strained to the rethread sand to avoid the alga to leave over in the sand filtration jar, discharge alga and large granule suspended solid from the drain through the backwash.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for treating water for aquaculture, comprising the steps of:
step one, conveying water in a pond to a sand filter tank through a first pipeline for filtering to obtain sand-filtered water for later use;
step two, filtering the sand, and mixing the sand filtered water with a sodium hypochlorite solution with the mass fraction of 0.9-1.1% according to the volume ratio of 100: (0.8-1.2) conveying the mixture to a buffer reaction tank through a second pipeline, and reacting for at least 30min to obtain water subjected to primary sterilization for later use;
step three, conveying the water subjected to primary sterilization to a sterilization pool through a third pipeline to obtain water subjected to secondary sterilization for later use;
step four, mixing the water after the secondary sterilization with a sodium thiosulfate solution with the mass fraction of 0.9-1.1% according to the volume ratio of 200: (0.8-1.2) conveying the water to an adsorption tank through a fourth pipeline, and reacting for at least 10min to obtain water with residual chlorine removed for later use;
and step five, uniformly mixing the water with residual chlorine removed and lime water with the mass fraction of 0.14-0.16%, wherein the pH value is 6.5-8.5 after mixing, conveying the mixture to a sand filtration backwashing tank through a fifth pipeline, and continuously conveying the mixture to a pond and a sand filtration tank through a sixth pipeline and a seventh pipeline respectively.
Algae are effectively removed by designing the sand filter tank, and then the sand filter tank is washed by water in the sand filter backwashing tank, so that the algae are prevented from being left in the sand filter tank; the ammonia nitrogen is removed by sodium hypochlorite and the water is sterilized at the same time, so that the sterilization efficiency can be improved, and the bacteria in the water are reduced; removing the redundant sodium hypochlorite by sodium thiosulfate so as to prevent residual chlorine from entering the pond; finally, the pH value is adjusted to a range suitable for aquaculture by lime water.
Hydrolyzing sodium hypochlorite to generate hypochlorous acid, and adding ammonia Nitrogen (NH)3Expressed) into nitrogen, which is a complex series of reactions, the general equation is as follows:
2NH3+3NaClO＝N2↑+3H2O+3NaCl。
the buffer reaction tank is provided with an exhaust port so as to release nitrogen generated by the reaction.
The reaction equation of sodium hypochlorite and sodium thiosulfate is as follows:
Na2S2O3+4NaClO+H2O＝4NaCl+2NaHSO4。
the sodium thiosulfate solution is added in excess to ensure complete elimination of residual chlorine, and excess sodium thiosulfate is permissible because it is not harmful to the water product.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the sodium hypochlorite solution is a sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 1.0%, and the sodium thiosulfate aqueous solution is a sodium thiosulfate aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 1.0%.
In an embodiment of the invention, the sand-filtered water and the sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1.0% are mixed according to a volume ratio of 100: 1, mixing; the water after secondary sterilization and a sodium thiosulfate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1.0% are mixed according to the volume ratio of 200: 1 and mixing.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the grain size of the quartz sand in the sand filtering tank is 0.5 to 1 mm. The sand filtering tank is filled with common quartz sand, preferably the diameter of the quartz sand is 0.5-1mm, and algae and large-particle suspended matters in water can be filtered.
In an embodiment of the present invention, an ultraviolet germicidal lamp is used in the sterilization tank, and the irradiation time is 5-8 s. The ultraviolet germicidal lamp generally adopts a 3-15W lamp tube, the inner volume of the sterilizing pool is 30L, the water flow is 5L/s, therefore, the time for the water to enter the ultraviolet sterilizer and be irradiated is 6s, which is enough to kill most bacteria.
As described above, the water quality treatment apparatus for aquaculture of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: algae are effectively removed by designing the sand filter tank, and then the sand filter tank is washed by water in the sand filter backwashing tank, so that the algae are prevented from being left in the sand filter tank; the ammonia nitrogen is removed by sodium hypochlorite and the water is sterilized at the same time, so that the sterilization efficiency can be improved, and the bacteria in the water are reduced; removing the redundant sodium hypochlorite by sodium thiosulfate so as to prevent residual chlorine from entering the pond; finally, the pH value is adjusted to a range suitable for aquaculture by lime water.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a water treatment apparatus for aquaculture according to an embodiment of the present invention.
1-sand filtration tank, 2-first pressure pump, 3-buffer reaction tank, 4-ultraviolet sterilization tank, 5-activated carbon adsorption tank, 6-sand filtration backwashing tank, 7-sodium hypochlorite generator, 8-sodium thiosulfate liquid storage tank, 9-limewater liquid storage tank, 10-second pressure pump and 11-pH meter.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a water quality treatment apparatus for aquaculture, the water quality treatment apparatus comprising:
the system comprises a sand filter tank 1, wherein the water inlet end of the sand filter tank 1 is connected with the water outlet end of a pond through a first pipeline, the water outlet end of the sand filter tank 1 is connected with the water inlet end of a buffer reaction tank 3 through a second pipeline, the water outlet end of the buffer reaction tank 3 is connected with the water inlet end of an ultraviolet sterilization tank 4 through a third pipeline, the water outlet end of the ultraviolet sterilization tank 4 is connected with the water inlet end of an activated carbon adsorption tank 5 through a fourth pipeline, the water outlet end of the activated carbon adsorption tank 5 is connected with the water inlet end of a sand filter backwashing tank 6 through a fifth pipeline, and the water outlet end of the sand filter backwashing tank 6 is connected with the water inlet end of the pond through a sixth pipeline; the water outlet end of the sand filtration backwashing tank 6 is connected with the backwashing water inlet of the sand filtration tank 1 through a seventh pipeline;
the second pipeline is connected with the sodium hypochlorite generator 7 through an eighth pipeline, the fourth pipeline is connected with the sodium thiosulfate liquid storage tank 8 through a ninth pipeline, and the fifth pipeline is connected with the limewater liquid storage tank 9 through a tenth pipeline;
a first pressure pump 2 is arranged on the first pipeline, and a second pressure pump 10 is arranged on the seventh pipeline; and a pH meter 11 is arranged on the fifth pipeline.
The working principle is as follows: the water in the pond is conveyed to a sand filter tank 1 through a first pipeline by a first pressure pump 2, the water is conveyed to a buffer reaction tank 3 through a second pipeline after being filtered by the sand filter tank 1, a sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution in a sodium chlorate generator is added into the buffer reaction tank 3, ammonia nitrogen is removed through reaction and primary sterilization is carried out, the water is conveyed to an ultraviolet sterilization pond 4 through a third pipeline for secondary sterilization, the water is conveyed to an active carbon adsorption tank 5 through a fourth pipeline, a sodium thiosulfate aqueous solution is added into the active carbon adsorption tank 5, residual chlorine is removed through reaction, the water is conveyed to a sand filter backwashing tank 6 through a fifth pipeline, the water is mixed with lime water in the fifth pipeline to adjust the pH, and finally the water in the sand filter backwashing tank 6 is conveyed to the pond and the sand filter tank 1 through a sixth pipeline and a seventh pipeline respectively.
Example 1
A water quality treatment method for aquaculture water comprises the following steps:
firstly, conveying water in a pond to a sand filter tank 1 through a first pipeline for filtering, wherein the particle size of quartz sand in the sand filter tank 1 is 0.5-1mm, and obtaining sand-filtered water for later use;
step two, filtering the sand, and mixing the sand filtered water with a sodium hypochlorite solution with the mass fraction of 1.0% according to the volume ratio of 100: 1, conveying the mixture into a buffer reaction tank 3 through a second pipeline, and reacting for 30min to obtain water subjected to primary sterilization for later use;
step three, conveying the water subjected to primary sterilization to an ultraviolet sterilization tank 4 through a third pipeline, and irradiating for 6s under a 15W ultraviolet sterilization lamp to obtain water subjected to secondary sterilization for later use;
step four, mixing the water after the secondary sterilization and a sodium thiosulfate solution with the mass fraction of 1.0% according to the volume ratio of 200: 1, conveying the water to an activated carbon adsorption tank 5 through a fourth pipeline, and reacting for 10min to obtain water with residual chlorine removed for later use;
and step five, uniformly mixing the water with residual chlorine removed and lime water with the mass fraction of 0.15%, wherein the pH value is 7.5 after mixing, conveying the mixture to a sand filtration backwashing tank 6 through a fifth pipeline, and continuously conveying the mixture to a pond and a sand filtration tank 1 through a sixth pipeline and a seventh pipeline respectively.
Example 2
A water quality treatment method for aquaculture water comprises the following steps:
firstly, conveying water in a pond to a sand filter tank 1 through a first pipeline for filtering, wherein the particle size of quartz sand in the sand filter tank 1 is 0.5-1mm, and obtaining sand-filtered water for later use;
step two, filtering the sand, and mixing the sand filtered water with a sodium hypochlorite solution with the mass fraction of 0.9% according to the volume ratio of 100: 1, conveying the mixture into a buffer reaction tank 3 through a second pipeline, and reacting for 30min to obtain water subjected to primary sterilization for later use;
step three, conveying the water subjected to primary sterilization to an ultraviolet sterilization tank 4 through a third pipeline, and irradiating for 6s under a 15W ultraviolet sterilization lamp to obtain water subjected to secondary sterilization for later use;
step four, mixing the water after the secondary sterilization and a sodium thiosulfate solution with the mass fraction of 1.1% according to the volume ratio of 200: 1, conveying the water to an activated carbon adsorption tank 5 through a fourth pipeline, and reacting for 10min to obtain water with residual chlorine removed for later use;
and step five, uniformly mixing the water with residual chlorine removed and lime water with the mass fraction of 0.15%, wherein the pH value is 7.0 after mixing, conveying the mixture to a sand filtration backwashing tank 6 through a fifth pipeline, and continuously conveying the mixture to a pond and a sand filtration tank 1 through a sixth pipeline and a seventh pipeline respectively.
Example 3
A water quality treatment method for aquaculture water comprises the following steps:
firstly, conveying water in a pond to a sand filter tank 1 through a first pipeline for filtering, wherein the particle size of quartz sand in the sand filter tank 1 is 0.5-1mm, and obtaining sand-filtered water for later use;
step two, mixing the sand-filtered water with a sodium hypochlorite solution with the mass fraction of 1.1% according to the volume ratio of 100: 1, conveying the mixture into a buffer reaction tank 3 through a second pipeline, and reacting for 30min to obtain water subjected to primary sterilization for later use;
step three, conveying the water subjected to primary sterilization to an ultraviolet sterilization tank 4 through a third pipeline, and irradiating for 6s under a 15W ultraviolet sterilization lamp to obtain water subjected to secondary sterilization for later use;
step four, mixing the water after the secondary sterilization and a sodium thiosulfate solution with the mass fraction of 1.1% according to the volume ratio of 200: 1, conveying the water to an activated carbon adsorption tank 5 through a fourth pipeline, and reacting for 10min to obtain water with residual chlorine removed for later use;
and step five, uniformly mixing the water with residual chlorine removed and lime water with the mass fraction of 0.15%, wherein the pH value is 7.6 after mixing, conveying the mixture to a sand filtration backwashing tank 6 through a fifth pipeline, and continuously conveying the mixture to a pond and a sand filtration tank 1 through a sixth pipeline and a seventh pipeline respectively.
By the water quality treatment method, 400g of salt or industrial salt is needed for treating one ton of water, and the amount is about 0.5 yuan; 50g of sodium thiosulfate, about 0.15 yuan is needed; the system power is 700W, the electricity consumption of each ton of water is 5min, the electricity consumption of each ton of water is 0.058KWH, and the number is about 0.035 yuan; lime is negligible and the total cost per ton of water treated is about 0.685 yuan. Therefore, the water quality treatment method has lower cost and can be popularized and applied.
The whole water quality treatment equipment can be automatically controlled by a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), and the full-automatic control does not need to spend much labor. When the design capacity of the buffer tank was 3 tons, the treatment time was 1 hour. When the design capacity of the buffer tank was 10 tons, the treatment time was 2 hours. The larger the design capacity of the surge tank, the more efficient the process, but the higher the cost. In view of the whole, the water quality treatment method has high efficiency and high treatment speed.
The whole water quality treatment equipment can effectively remove algae, water with serious algae pollution is used for testing, the water before treatment is green, a large amount of algae can be seen by naked eyes, and the algae can not be seen by the naked eyes after the treatment.
The whole water quality treatment equipment can reduce ammonia nitrogen, pond water with the ammonia nitrogen content of 0.4mg/L is used for testing, and the ammonia nitrogen content of the treated water is reduced to 0.12mg/L and meets the culture standard of 0.2 mg/L.
The whole water quality treatment equipment has good sterilization effect, pond water with the bacteria concentration of 2.1x10 ^ 9counts/ml is used for testing, and the bacteria concentration of the treated water is 1.2x10 ^ 3counts/ml and accords with the culture standard.
In conclusion, the invention has the advantages of high algae removal rate, high ammonia nitrogen removal rate, high working efficiency, low cost and high bacteria removal rate. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A water treatment apparatus for aquaculture, the water treatment apparatus comprising:
the water inlet end of the sand filter tank (1) is connected with the water outlet end of the pond through a first pipeline, the water outlet end of the sand filter tank (1) is connected with the water inlet end of the buffer reaction tank (3) through a second pipeline, the water outlet end of the buffer reaction tank (3) is connected with the water inlet end of the sterilization tank through a third pipeline, the water outlet end of the sterilization tank is connected with the water inlet end of the adsorption tank through a fourth pipeline, the water outlet end of the adsorption tank is connected with the water inlet end of the sand filter backwashing tank (6) through a fifth pipeline, and the water outlet end of the sand filter backwashing tank (6) is connected with the water inlet end of the pond through a sixth pipeline;
the second pipeline is connected with the sodium hypochlorite generator (7) through an eighth pipeline, the fourth pipeline is connected with the sodium thiosulfate liquid storage tank (8) through a ninth pipeline, and the fifth pipeline is connected with the limewater liquid storage tank (9) through a tenth pipeline.
2. A water treatment apparatus for aquaculture according to claim 1 wherein: and a first pressure pump (2) is arranged on the first pipeline, and a second pressure pump (10) is arranged on the seventh pipeline.
3. A water treatment apparatus for aquaculture according to claim 1 wherein: the sterilizing tank is an ultraviolet sterilizing tank (4), and the adsorption tank is an activated carbon adsorption tank (5).
4. A water treatment apparatus for aquaculture according to claim 1 wherein: and a pH meter (11) is arranged on the fifth pipeline.
5. A water treatment apparatus for aquaculture according to claim 1 wherein: the water outlet end of the sand filtration backwashing tank (6) is connected with the backwashing water inlet of the sand filtration tank (1) through a seventh pipeline.
6. A water quality treatment method for aquaculture water is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, conveying water in a pond to a sand filter tank (1) through a first pipeline for filtering to obtain sand-filtered water for later use;
step two, filtering the sand, and mixing the sand filtered water with a sodium hypochlorite solution with the mass fraction of 0.9-1.1% according to the volume ratio of 100:
(0.8-1.2) conveying the mixture into a buffer reaction tank (3) through a second pipeline, and reacting for at least 30min to obtain water subjected to primary sterilization for later use;
step three, conveying the water subjected to primary sterilization to a sterilization pool through a third pipeline to obtain water subjected to secondary sterilization for later use;
step four, mixing the water after the secondary sterilization with a sodium thiosulfate solution with the mass fraction of 0.9-1.1% according to the volume ratio of 200: (0.8-1.2) conveying the water to an adsorption tank through a fourth pipeline, and reacting for at least 10min to obtain water with residual chlorine removed for later use;
and step five, uniformly mixing the water with residual chlorine removed and lime water with the mass fraction of 0.14-0.16%, wherein the pH value is 6.5-8.5 after mixing, conveying the mixture to a sand filtration backwashing tank (6) through a fifth pipeline, and continuously conveying the mixture to a pond and a sand filtration tank (1) through a sixth pipeline and a seventh pipeline respectively.
7. The method for treating water for aquaculture according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the sodium hypochlorite solution is a sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1.0%, and the sodium thiosulfate solution is a sodium thiosulfate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1.0%.
8. The method for treating water for aquaculture according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the sand-filtered water and a sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1.0% are mixed according to the volume ratio of 100: 1, mixing; the water after secondary sterilization and a sodium thiosulfate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1.0% are mixed according to the volume ratio of 200: 1 and mixing.
9. The method for treating water for aquaculture according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the particle size of the quartz sand in the sand filtering tank (1) is 0.5-1 mm.
10. The method for treating water for aquaculture according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: an ultraviolet germicidal lamp is adopted in the sterilization tank, and the irradiation time is 5-8 s.
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